精品解析：河南省湘豫名校联考2025-2026学年高三上学期12月月考英语试题

姓 名________ 准考证号________ 绝密★启用前 湘豫名校联考 2025年12月高三上学期质量检测 英语 注意事项： 1. 本试卷共14页。时间120分钟，满分150分。答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试卷指定位置，并将姓名、考场号、座位号、准考证号填写在答题卡上，然后认真核对条形码上的信息，并将条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。 2. 作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。作答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在本试卷上无效。 3. 考试结束后，将试卷和答题卡一并收回。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。 例：How much is the shirt? A. ￡19.15 B. ￡9.18. C. ￡9.15 答案是C。 1. When does Alex usually get up on weekends? A. Before breakfast. B. Before 12:00. C. After 12:00. 2. How long will the man be away? A. For 3 hours B. For 4 hours. C. For 7 hours 3. What is the woman complaining about? A. Mr. Hanks and his inaction. B. Mr. Hanks and Mrs. Hanks. C. Mrs. Hanks and her dog 4. What will the woman send to Anne? A. An e-mail. B. A postcard. C. A handwritten letter. 5. Who wants to go on holiday? A. Rob and Tom. B. Rob and his dad. C. Tom and his mum. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各个小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答第6至第7两个小题。 6. Why is Pinocchio mentioned in the conversation? A. To give readers an example. B. To show fairy tales teach morals. C To criticize a character in the fairy tale. 7. What’s the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Teacher and student. B. Boss and clerk. C. Judge and competitor. 听下面一段对话，回答第8至第10三个小题。 8. What are the speakers talking about? A. The Tour de France. B. Lance Armstrong’s foundation. C. Lance Armstrong’s cycling ability 9. How did the speakers sound towards cancer research? A. Disappointed. B. Carefree C. Supportive. 10. What will Frank do next? A. Donate money. B. Buy some wristbands C. Visit Lance Armstrong 听下面一段对话，回答第11至第13三个小题。 11. What are the speakers discussing? A. Plans for an upcoming birthday. B. A restaurant they went to last week. C. What they want to do for Mother’s Day. 12. Why does the woman reject the man’s first suggestion? A. She doesn’t like flowers. B. The restaurant is too expensive. C. She doesn’t want to do the same as last year. 13. What do we know about the speakers’ mother? A. She went to the Imperial Hotel last year. B. She probably likes to eat French food. C. They haven’t bought her flowers before. 听下面一段对话，回答第14至第17四个小题。 14. What is the man doing? A. Making an appointment. B. Having a talk with Mr. Dionis. C. Checking the goods from Athens. 15. Who is the woman?1oo A. Mr. Hall’s secretary. B. Mr. Dionis’ secretary. C. Mr. Dionis’ partner. 16. When will Mr. Hall meet Mr. Dionis? A. Next week. B. On May 3rd. C. On May 4th. 17. How will the speakers confirm the appointment? A. By email. B. By letter. C. By phone. 听下面一段独白，回答第18至第20三个小题。 18. Who is the speaker? A. A news reporter. B. A teacher. C. A guide. 19. When did the Mayan peoples first reach the rainforests? A. About 1,500 years ago. B. About 3,000 years ago. C. About 500 years ago. 20. How many steps lead to the top of El Castillo? A. 91. why the B. 364. C. 365. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Grateful Hearts Thankful Paws Gala Event Please join us for an evening of fun, food, and dancing. Suit and dress requested! Enjoy a beautiful night while supporting the work we do at First Responder Therapy Dogs. Learn more about our group, hear about the work we are doing across the country to support the first responder community, enjoy some great entertainment, a silent auction (拍卖), and more! Group tickets and Corporate Sponsorship Options below! Ticket Purchase Options Individual Tickets $120 Your ticket purchase includes an evening of entertainment, food and dancing! Gala Table Purchase $850 (8 Tickets) If you and your friends want to enjoy a night of entertainment together, purchase a table. We are 100% donation funded, so if you aren’t able to attend our gala but would like to contribute to our mission, please feel free to donate. Sponsorship Levels Pug-kin Pie Level — $1,000 ·10 Tickets to Gala Event (Full Table) ·1 FRTD Challenge Coin to commemorate (纪念) your involvement Raise the Woof Level — $500 ·Company name and logo on slideshow ·1 FRTD Challenge Coin to commemorate your support Round of A-Paws Level — Customizable We are happy to work with you directly on a sponsorship fit for your budget or your idea and our special event. Please contact Tracy Ryan (tracy@firstrespondertherapydogs.org) to discuss further. 1. What is the main purpose of the Gala Event? A. To raise money for an organization. B. To find new members for a dance club. C. To provide free food for the community. D. To help people learn about dog training. 2. How much can you save if you buy a gala table instead of 8 individual tickets? A. $80. B. $100. C. $110. D. $120. 3. What should someone do if they want a special sponsorship? A. Reach Tracy Ryan. B. Buy individual tickets. C. Attend the silent auction. D. Donate online immediately. 【答案】1. A 2. C 3. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。介绍了Grateful Hearts Thankful Paws Gala Event的活动内容、票务信息及赞助方案，旨在为First Responder Therapy Dogs组织筹集资金。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Enjoy a beautiful night while supporting the work we do at First Responder Therapy Dogs.(享受一个美丽的夜晚，同时支持我们在First Responder Therapy Dogs的工作)”和Gala Table Purchase $850 (8 Tickets)部分“We are 100% donation funded, so if you aren’t able to attend our gala but would like to contribute to our mission, please feel free to donate. (我们的运营100%依靠捐赠资金，因此如果你无法出席我们的晚宴，仍希望为我们的使命助力，请随时进行捐赠)”可知，该活动的主要目的是为 First Responder Therapy Dogs 组织筹款。故选A项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Individual Tickets $120 (单人票每张120美元)”可知，8张单人票总价为120×8=960美元。根据“Gala Table Purchase $850 (8 Tickets) (晚宴桌席套餐850美元，内含8张门票)”可知，购买一桌晚宴可节省960−850=110美元。故选C项。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据Round of A-Paws Level — Customizable部分“Please contact Tracy Ryan (tracy@firstrespondertherapydogs.org ) to discuss further. (请联系Tracy Ryan进一步洽谈，邮箱是tracy@firstrespondertherapydogs.org)”可知，若想要定制化的特殊赞助方案，应联系Tracy Ryan。故选A项。 B “She was doomed (注定的) — no ship built by human hands could have withstood the pressure.” When polar explorer Ernest Shackleton wrote this journal entry on October 27, 1915, his dreams of reaching Antarctica had been famously crushed — along with his ship, HMS Endurance. Shackleton blamed the sinking of the Endurance on the destruction of its rudder (舵) and for more than a century, historians accepted this explanation. Now, an analysis suggests that structural weakness caused the Endurance to sink, and that Shackleton knew about his ship’s failings, but still, that wasn’t enough to stop him from buying it, according to Dr. Jukka Tuhkuri, a professor at Aalto University in Finland. “I think that Endurance was the best possible ship he could get when he needed it and at a price he could afford,” Tuhkuri said. A ship that became caught between pack ice, a type of free-floating ice — was at the mercy of the ice. If the crew was fortunate, winds or currents would eventually shift, the ice would loosen its control and the ship would break free. But if the crew were unlucky, the ice would squeeze their ship until it broke. Tuhkuri was part of the 2022 research that located the Endurance shipwreck. At the time, he was surprised to learn that no one had used structural engineering to evaluate why the Endurance sank. The Endurance, which Tuhkuri learned from historic records, was built for Arctic visits during the summer, not for navigating Antarctic pack ice. Shackleton’s correspondence with colleagues suggests he knew how important diagonal beams (对角梁) were for resisting compressive ice, Tuhkuri found. And from aboard the Endurance, Shackleton wrote to his wife, Emily, admitting that Endurance was “not as strong” as his previous ship, the Nimrod, and adding “I would exchange her for the old Nimrod any day now.” It’s difficult to say for sure why Shackleton set aside his own doubt and prior knowledge to take such a huge risk, Tuhkuri said. But in those days, risk-taking was part and parcel of polar exploration. 4. What was the traditional explanation for Endurance’s sinking? A. The captain’s wrong decisions. B. Structural weakness of the ship. C. Destruction of the ship’s rudder. D. Poor quality of building materials. 5. Why did Shackleton buy Endurance with a fault? A. It was recommended by his friends. B. He planned to rebuild it completely. C. He didn’t believe the ship would encounter ice. D. It was the best ship he could afford at that time. 6. What can we infer about Shackleton’s polar exploration from paragraph 6? A. Endurance was particularly built for the polar exploration. B. Shackleton sailed Endurance on the expedition despite its fault. C. Shackleton’s wife was firmly opposed to his polar expedition. D. Endurance’s diagonal beams did meet the requirement of expedition. 7. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. The Risk-taking Spirit in Polar Exploration B. The Reasons for the Sinking of the Endurance C. The Analysis of the Endurance’s Structural Weakness D. The Story of Shackleton’s Failed Antarctic Expedition 【答案】4. C 5. D 6. B 7. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。介绍了“耐力号”沉船的传统解释、新研究揭示的结构缺陷原因，以及沙克尔顿购买该船的背景。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“Shackleton blamed the sinking of the Endurance on the destruction of its rudder (舵) and for more than a century, historians accepted this explanation. (沙克尔顿将“耐力号”的沉没归咎于船舵的损坏，一个多世纪以来，历史学家都认可这一解释)”可知，传统解释是船舵的损坏。故选C项。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段““I think that Endurance was the best possible ship he could get when he needed it and at a price he could afford,” Tuhkuri said. (Tuhkuri说：“我认为‘耐力号’是他在需要时能得到的、且价格能负担得起的最好的船。”)”可知，这是他当时能负担得起的最好的船。故选D项。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据第六段“Shackleton’s correspondence with colleagues suggests he knew how important diagonal beams (对角梁) were for resisting compressive ice, Tuhkuri found. And from aboard the Endurance, Shackleton wrote to his wife, Emily, admitting that Endurance was “not as strong” as his previous ship (沙克尔顿与同事的通信显示，他知道对角梁对抵御冰的压力有多重要。沙克尔顿在“耐力号”上写信给他的妻子艾米丽，向她承认“耐力号”不如之前的船“坚固”)”可知，沙克尔顿知道船有缺陷但仍用它探险。故选B项。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。第1段引用沙克尔顿的日记，说明“耐力号”注定沉没，他的南极探险梦破碎；第2段介绍了“耐力号”沉没的传统解释以及新研究提出的原因；第3-4段说明了沙克尔顿购买“耐力号”的原因；第5段：解释被浮冰困住的船的两种结局；第6段补充了“耐力号”的设计用途以及沙克尔顿知道船的缺陷；第7段说明了沙克尔顿冒险的原因。由此可知，文章核心围绕“耐力号”沉没的原因展开，从传统解释到新研究结论，“The Reasons for the Sinking of the Endurance (“耐力号”沉没的原因)”能概括全文，最适合作为文章标题。故选B项。 C Historically, schools operated differently. In the early 19th century, urban schools were open year-round, while rural schools had two terms, winter and summer. By the late 19th century, a unified calendar began to appear, influenced by several factors. Contrary to the agriculture myth, summer breaks were not initially designed for children to help on farms. The busiest times were spring planting and fall harvesting. The shift began in the late 1800s when rich families left cities for cooler climates, reducing attendance and influencing school decisions. Additionally, educational reformers viewed summer terms as academically weaker and pushed for teacher training programs during these months. Medical concepts from the 18th and 19th centuries, suggesting overuse of the mind could lead to physical and mental weakness, also persisted despite scientific advancements. Today, summer breaks persist due to several barriers. Many schools require repairs and lack air conditioning. Teachers also value the traditional schedule, and changing it could exacerbate recruitment and retention (招聘和留用) issues. Moreover, entire industries, such as summer camps and teen employment, rely on these breaks, making change difficult. However, some schools have adopted balanced calendars by shortening summer breaks and redistributing days off throughout the year. Most balanced schools start in early August, then take some time off mid-fall, at Thanksgiving, around Christmas and New Year, in the middle of the winter, in the middle of spring and around Memorial Day weekend. The summer break of a traditional school is shortened, with the days redistributed to give time off at other times. This model keeps 180 school days but uses them more efficiently. Around 4,000 U.S. schools, representing about 10% of students, follow this approach, leading to increased student achievement and reduced summer learning loss. Balanced calendars also benefit staff by providing more frequent breaks, helping with retention. These breaks allow for targeted interventions and enrichment activities, catering to diverse student needs. It is suggested that school schedules should be individualized, preparing students for future professions that do not offer such extended time off. Despite resistance, the balanced calendar model offers a promising alternative to the traditional summer break, addressing both educational and practical challenges. 8. Why did summer breaks start originally? A. Wealthy families began to live in cities. B. Children had to help their parents on farms. C. Qualified teachers were recruited in summer. D. Medical beliefs implied the harm of overstudying. 9. What does the underlined word “exacerbate” in paragraph 3 probably mean? A. Solve. B. Worsen. C. Improve. D. Ignore. 10. What can we infer about balanced calendars? A. They are followed by most U.S. schools. B. They reduce the total number of school days. C. They improve students’ academic performance. D. They only provide breaks around the holidays. 11. Which could the author agree with regarding school calendars? A. More research is needed before any changes can be made. B. Balanced calendar model should replace the traditional one. C. The traditional summer break should be shortened or canceled D. School schedules should be tailored to meet different students’ needs. 【答案】8. D 9. B 10. C 11. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。介绍了学校日程表的历史演变、暑假的实际成因，以及传统暑假的保留障碍与“平衡校历”的特点和优势。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Medical concepts from the 18th and 19th centuries, suggesting overuse of the mind could lead to physical and mental weakness, also persisted despite scientific advancements. (18、19世纪的医学观念认为过度用脑会导致身心虚弱，尽管科学进步，这一观念仍延续下来)”可知，暑假最初出现的原因之一是当时的医学观念认为过度学习有害。故选D项。 【9题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第三段“Today, summer breaks persist due to several barriers. Many schools require repairs and lack air conditioning. Teachers also value the traditional schedule, and changing it could exacerbate recruitment and retention issues. Moreover, entire industries, such as summer camps and teen employment, rely on these breaks, making change difficult. (如今，由于一些障碍，暑假仍然存在。许多学校需要维修，而且没有空调。教师们也重视传统日程，改变它可能会____招聘和留用问题。此外，整个行业，如夏令营和青少年就业，都依赖于这些休息时间，这使得改变变得困难)”可知，当前暑假制度持续存在有多方面原因，校舍维修与空调不足等客观条件限制，并指出教师群体倾向于维持传统校历，接着进一步说明，若改变现行安排，可能会____招聘与师资保留方面的困难，此外，相关行业也对暑假形成了依赖，使得改革阻力更大。由此可推知，此处exacerbate意为“使……恶化、加剧”，与worsen意思相近。故选B项。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“However, some schools have adopted balanced calendars by shortening summer breaks and redistributing days off throughout the year.(然而，部分学校采用了平衡校历模式，做法是缩短暑假时长，并将假期天数重新分配到全年。)”和“Around 4,000 U.S. schools, representing about 10% of students, follow this approach, leading to increased student achievement and reduced summer learning loss. (美国约有 4000 所学校采用这种模式，覆盖了全美约 10% 的学生；这一举措不仅提高了学生的学业成绩，还减少了学生在暑期的知识遗忘。)”可知，平衡校历能提高学生的学业表现。故选C项。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“It is suggested that school schedules should be individualized, preparing students for future professions that do not offer such extended time off. (有人建议学校日程应个性化，让学生为未来没有超长假期的职业做准备)”可知，作者可能认同学校日程应量身定制以满足不同学生的需求。故选D项。 D Have you ever been asked a simple question, only to find your mind completely empty? This common experience, known as “mind blanking”, occurs more frequently than we realize. Research suggests our minds go blank 5% — 20% of the time. Cognitive neuroscientist Athena Demertzi defines it as the sudden inability to recall or report any thoughts, though scientists still debate its exact nature. Studying this phenomenon presents unique challenges. When researchers use functional MRI (fMRI) to scan brains, they often instruct participants to “think of nothing”. Surprisingly, this command actually activates parts of the brain rather than showing true mental stillness. These activated areas reflect the brain’s effort to suppress (压制) thoughts rather than genuine emptiness. Demertzi’s 2023 study took a different approach. By scanning resting brains and periodically asking subjects to report their thoughts, her team identified a distinct neural pattern before mind blanking — a brief synchronization (同步) where multiple brain networks meantime inactivated. This pattern is similar to what occurs during sleep or anesthesia (麻醉), suggesting mind blanks might be micro-versions of the brain’s “shutdown” processes. The likelihood of mind blanking appears closely tied to arousal levels — the brain’s degree of inspiration. When arousal is too low, thoughts become broken and hard to maintain. Contrarily, excessive arousal (as in anxiety) can overpower the brain, creating another form of blanking where racing thoughts blur (模糊) into incomprehensibility. Notably, conditions like ADHD (多动症) show lifted rates of mind blanking, with unmedicated children reporting it more frequently than their peers. Why does this happen? Demertzi proposes an interesting theory linking mind blanks to the brain’s maintenance cycles. During sleep, the body clears neural waste — some scientists suppose similar brief “clean-up” periods might occur while awake, appearing as mental blanks. Though debatable, this could explain how our brains keep peak performance: these momentary pauses may be necessary resets during our waking hours. Ultimately, mind blanking remains partially mysterious, but current research suggests it’s not just mental failure — it might be the brain’s clever way of managing its complex operations. As Demertzi puts it: “How can you keep continuous wakefulness if your brain doesn’t occasionally take a break?” 12. What could happen when people try to “think of nothing” in fMRI scans? A. Some fall into sleep quickly. B. Their brains stop functioning. C. Certain brain areas are active. D. Their minds are actual empty. 13. What did Demertzi’s 2023 study discover about “mind blanking”? A. It is a short pause of the brain. B. It shows a common brain pattern. C. It happens during deep sleep. D. It only occurs to mental patients. 14. What might be the purpose of mind blanking according to Demertzi? A. To prepare for sleep. B. To clean brain waste. C. To improve memory. D. To cause anxiety. 15. What is the main idea of the passage? A. Mind blanking is a serious mental problem. B Scientists have found the cure for mind blanking. C. Mind blanking may be the brain’s self-protection. D. People should avoid experiencing mind blanking. 【答案】12. C 13. A 14. B 15. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍大脑空白现象，说明其常见性与科学界定义，讲述相关研究发现其是大脑短暂停顿，与觉醒度相关，或为大脑清理垃圾、自我调节的方式，并非大脑故障。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“When researchers use functional MRI (fMRI) to scan brains, they often instruct participants to “think of nothing”. Surprisingly, this command actually activates parts of the brain rather than showing true mental stillness.(当研究人员使用功能性磁共振成像（fMRI）技术对大脑进行扫描时，他们通常会要求参与者“什么都不想”。令人惊讶的是，这一指令实际上会激活大脑的某些区域，而非显示出真正的思维静止状态)”可知，当人们在功能性磁共振成像扫描中尝试“什么都不想”时，某些大脑区域会活跃起来。故选C。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“By scanning resting brains and periodically asking subjects to report their thoughts, her team identified a distinct neural pattern before mind blanking — a brief synchronization (同步) where multiple brain networks meantime inactivated. This pattern is similar to what occurs during sleep or anesthesia (麻醉), suggesting mind blanks might be micro-versions of the brain’s “shutdown” processes.(通过扫描受试者的静息大脑，并定期要求他们报告自己的想法，她的团队发现了一种在大脑停止思考之前特有的神经模式——一种短暂的同步状态，在此期间多个大脑网络同时停止活动。这种模式与睡眠或麻醉时的情况相似，这表明大脑的“停止运转”过程可能就是这种“思维空白”的微小版本)”可知，“大脑空白”是大脑的一次短暂停顿。故选A。 14题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Demertzi proposes an interesting theory linking mind blanks to the brain’s maintenance cycles. During sleep, the body clears neural waste — some scientists suppose similar brief “clean-up” periods might occur while awake, appearing as mental blanks.(德梅特齐提出了一种有趣的理论，该理论将“思维空白”现象与大脑的自我维护周期联系起来。在睡眠期间，人体会清除神经代谢废物——一些科学家认为，在清醒状态下也可能存在类似的短暂“清理”过程，表现为思维上的“空白”状态)”可知，根据德梅特齐的观点，大脑空白的目的是为了清除大脑中的废物。故选B。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“Have you ever been asked a simple question, only to find your mind completely empty? This common experience, known as “mind blanking”, occurs more frequently than we realize research suggests our minds go blank 5% — 20% of the time. Cognitive neuroscientist Athena Demertzi defines it as the sudden inability to recall or report any thoughts, though scientists still debate its exact nature.(你是否曾遇到过这样的情况：刚被问到一个简单的问题，却发现自己大脑一片空白？这种常见的现象被称为“大脑空白”，其发生频率远超我们的想象——研究表明，我们的大脑在 5%至 20%的时间里会出现这种空白状态。认知神经科学家阿提娜·德梅蒂齐将它定义为突然无法回忆或报告任何想法，不过科学家们仍在对其确切性质进行争论)”结合本文介绍大脑空白现象，说明其常见性与科学界定义，讲述相关研究发现其是大脑短暂停顿，与觉醒度相关，或为大脑清理垃圾、自我调节的方式，并非大脑故障。可知，这篇文章的主要观点是大脑空白可能是大脑的一种自我保护机制。故选C。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 How to Travel Solo with a Group I’ve never loved group travel. ____16____ I enjoy the freedom of being able to come and go as I please and not having to change plans to visit a restaurant I may dislike, take an Uber when I prefer taking public transportation, or shop at a store that doesn’t carry my size. But in recent years, I’ve tried something in between solo and group travel — a term I’ve coined “solo travel, together”. ____17____ We stay at different hotels, and pursue different daily activities on the ground, all with the familiarity and reliability of someone available. A few years ago, I was on a girls’ trip to Southeast Asia with a friend from college and her best friend, and there were times when the three of us saw each other only in passing. We each had our own plan. We were content to check in via text or a quick thumbs-up to an Instagram story. It was only in the evening that we’d sit together. ____18____ ____19____ According to experts, plenty of travelers are interested in solo traveling together. We think it’s a great opportunity to connect with friends without the pressure of spending a week or two together and having to compromise on our plans and ideas. While people may have close relationships with friends and family at home, it doesn’t necessarily mean that they are well-matched travel partners. ____20____ Everyone just wants to have a good time, but each person’s definition of a good time might be different. By choosing to solo travel together, it can relieve some of the stressors associated with travel. A I’m not the only one. B. I dislike feeling fastened to others during my trips. C. It means traveling with friends but doing so separately. D. But each friend got to pick a restaurant for each day of our stay. E. We would exchange stories about our day before calling it a night. F. Travelers come on trips with their own needs, desires, and anxieties. G. Before a trip, travelers should have conversations about boundaries. 【答案】16. B 17. C 18. E 19. A 20. F 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。介绍了“结伴独行”这种旅行方式，既保留独自旅行的自由，又拥有同伴陪伴的可靠感，并阐述其流行原因。 【16题详解】 上文“I’ve never loved group travel. (我向来不喜欢跟团旅行)”提到作者不爱跟团旅行，下文“I enjoy the freedom of being able to come and go as I please and not having to change plans to visit a restaurant I may dislike, take an Uber when I prefer taking public transportation, or shop at a store that doesn’t carry my size. (我很享受这种随心所欲的自在，可以随时出发、尽兴而归，不必为了去一家自己可能不喜欢的餐厅而调整计划，不必在自己更想搭乘公共交通时却被迫叫车，也不必去逛那些没有自己尺码的商店)”提到作者享受旅行可以随心所欲的自由，空处应解释不喜欢跟团旅行的原因。B选项“我讨厌旅行时感觉被他人束缚”既承接上文的“不喜欢跟团”，又与下文“享受自由”形成对比，符合语境。故选B项。 【17题详解】 上文“But in recent years, I’ve tried something in between solo and group travel — a term I’ve coined “solo travel, together”. (但近年来，我尝试了一些介于独自旅行和团体旅行之间的旅行——我创造了一个术语“结伴独行”)”提到结伴独行这一概念，下文“We stay at different hotels, and pursue different daily activities on the ground, all with the familiarity and reliability of someone available. (我们住不同的酒店，进行不同的日常活动，周围也有熟悉和可靠的人)”提到结伴独行的做法，空处应解释结伴独行的定义。C选项“它指的是和朋友一起旅行，但各自行动”既承接上文的术语，又与下文“分开住宿、各自活动”的具体做法相呼应，符合语境。故选C项。 【18题详解】 上文“It was only in the evening that we’d sit together. (只有到了晚上我们才会坐在一起)”提到只有晚上才会聚在一起，空处应描述晚上相聚时的行为。E选项“在结束一天之前，我们会交流各自当天的经历”承接上文的“晚上相聚”，且exchange stories符合朋友相聚的互动场景，符合语境。故选E项。 19题详解】 下文“According to experts, plenty of travelers are interested in solo traveling together. (据专家说，很多旅行者都对结伴独行感兴趣)”提到许多人对结伴独行感兴趣，A选项“我不是唯一一个这样做的人”引出下文“很多旅行者感兴趣”的表述，符合语境。故选A项。 【20题详解】 上文“While people may have close relationships with friends and family at home, it doesn’t necessarily mean that they are well-matched travel partners. (虽然人们在家里可能与朋友和家人关系密切，但这并不意味着他们是合拍的旅行伙伴)”及下文“Everyone just wants to have a good time, but each person’s definition of a good time might be different. (每个人都想玩得开心，但每个人对“开心”的定义可能不同)”可知，空处应解释不合拍的原因。F选项“旅行者出行时都有自己的需求、欲望和顾虑”既承接上文的“不合拍”，又与下文“每个人的对开心的定义不同”的表述相呼应，符合语境。故选F项。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 In my freshman fall, I registered for chemistry, calculus (微积分), an elective, and an English class. Though I’d always liked ____21____, I never expected to dislike my science and math courses in college, as I’d ____22____ them in high school. The college courses just didn’t resonate (产生共鸣) with me, leading to a crisis of ____23____. The English course, however, was such a delight that I ____24____ joined in class discussions on assigned books and found essay writing ____25____ due to my interest. ____26____, chemistry assignments left me sleepy. Despite doing well, the actuality of more chemistry classes next semester was ____27____. Looking back, I realized I wasn’t ____28____ in feeling lost at college. The shift from home, tougher classes, and adult responsibilities can be ____29____. At a famous university, it’s easy to feel ____30____ in the crowd. After struggling for another year, I finally ____31____ to my parents after a physics class that I didn’t want to pursue chemistry anymore. ____32____, they were supportive, encouraging me to follow my passion for English. With their ____33____, I switched to an English major. I explored other paths, took an education course, and finally found my ____34____. Exploring into education, I discovered exciting career options in academia, policy, and more. Most importantly, I was ____35____. 21. A. chemistry B. English C. calculus D. physics 22. A. avoided B. hated C. enjoyed D. feared 23. A. self-image B. self-doubt C. self-identity D. self-worth 24. A. eagerly B. cautiously C. anxiously D. curiously 25. A. fearless B. ceaseless C. priceless D. effortless 26. A. Of course B. For example C. In a word D. On the contrary 27. A. tiring B. confusing C. exciting D. refreshing 28. A. alone B. ready C. wrong D. honest 29. A. opposing B. mounting C. overwhelming D. underlying 30. A. hidden B. left C. lost D. locked 31. A. lied B. explained C. complained D. admitted 32. A. Obviously B. Unfortunately C. Surprisingly D. Normally 33. A. warning B. blessing C. feeling D. thinking 34. A. cause B. hobby C. focus D. problem 35. A. successful B. delighted C. outstanding D. unique 【答案】21. B 22. C 23. B 24. A 25. D 26. D 27. A 28. A 29. C 30. C 31. D 32. C 33. B 34. A 35. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者大学初期对理工科课程不适应，陷入自我怀疑后，向父母坦诚想法并转专业学英语，最终找到方向的经历。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然我一直喜欢英语，但从没想过大学会讨厌理科和数学课程，因为高中时我很喜欢这些课。A. chemistry化学；B. English英语；C. calculus微积分；D. physics物理。根据下文“follow my passion for English”可知，此处指作者一直喜欢英语，English符合语境。故选B。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然我一直喜欢英语，但从没想过大学会讨厌理科和数学课程，因为高中时我很喜欢这些课。A. avoided避免；B. hated讨厌；C. enjoyed喜欢；D. feared害怕。根据上文“never expected to dislike my science and math courses in college”可知，此处指作者高中时喜欢这些课，enjoyed符合语境。故选C。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：大学课程让我无法共鸣，导致了自我怀疑的危机。A. self-image自我形象；B. self-doubt自我怀疑；C. self-identity自我认同；D. self-worth自我价值。根据上文“The college courses just didn’t resonate (产生共鸣) with me”可推知，不适应课程可能会让作者陷入自我怀疑，self-doubt符合语境。故选B。 【24题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：英语课很有趣，我热切地参与关于指定书籍的课堂讨论，因为兴趣，我觉得写论文很轻松。A. eagerly热切地；B. cautiously谨慎地；C. anxiously焦虑地；D. curiously好奇地。根据上文“such a delight that”可知，作者对英语课充满兴趣，会热切参与讨论，eagerly符合语境。故选A。 【25题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：英语课很有趣，我热切地参与关于指定书籍的课堂讨论，因为兴趣，我觉得写论文很轻松。A. fearless无畏的；B. ceaseless不停的；C. priceless无价的；D. effortless轻松的。根据下文“due to my interest”可知，兴趣让写论文变得轻松，effortless符合语境。故选D。 【26题详解】 考查短语辨析。句意：相反，化学作业让我犯困。A. Of course当然；B. For example例如；C. In a word总之；D. On the contrary相反。根据上文“The English course, however, was such a delight”及下文“chemistry assignments left me sleepy”的对比可知，此处表转折，On the contrary符合语境。故选D。 【27题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽管成绩不错，但下学期还有更多化学课的现实是令人疲惫的。A. tiring令人疲惫的；B. confusing令人困惑的；C. exciting令人兴奋的；D. refreshing令人振奋的。根据上文“chemistry assignments left me sleepy”及“more chemistry classes next semester”可知，作者不喜欢化学课，更多化学课会让他疲惫，tiring符合语境。故选A。 【28题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：回首之时，我意识到在大学感到迷茫的不只是我一个人。A. alone独自的；B. ready准备好的；C. wrong错误的；D. honest诚实的。根据下文“The shift from home, tougher classes, and adult responsibilities”及常识可知，很多人都会有这种迷茫，并不是只有作者一个人这样，alone符合语境。故选A。 【29题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：从家庭到大学的转变、更难的课程和成人责任可能是难以承受的。A. opposing对立的；B. mounting增加的；C. overwhelming难以承受的；D. underlying潜在的。根据上文“feeling lost at college”及“The shift from home, tougher classes, and adult responsibilities”可知，这些变化会让人难以承受，overwhelming符合语境。故选C。 【30题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在名校里，很容易在人群中感到迷失。A. hidden隐藏的；B. left剩下的；C. lost迷失的；D. locked锁住的。根据上文“feeling lost at college”可知，此处指在人群中感到迷失，lost符合语境。故选C。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：挣扎了一年后，我终于在一节物理课后向父母承认不想再学化学了。A. lied撒谎；B. explained解释；C. complained抱怨；D. admitted承认。根据下文“I didn’t want to pursue chemistry anymore”可知，此处指作者向父母坦诚想法，admitted符合语境。故选D。 【32题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：令人惊讶的是，他们很支持我，鼓励我追随对英语的热爱。A. Obviously明显地；B. Unfortunately不幸地；C. Surprisingly令人惊讶地；D. Normally正常地。根据上文“After struggling for another year, I finally”及下文“they were supportive”可推知，作者担心父母可能会反对，但父母却是支持的，这是令人惊讶的，Surprisingly符合语境。故选C。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在他们的支持下，我转成了英语专业。A. warning警告；B. blessing福祉，支持；C. feeling感觉；D. thinking想法。根据上文“they were supportive”及下文“I switched to an English major”可知，父母的支持让我换到了自己喜欢的专业，blessing符合语境。故选B。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我探索了其他路径，上了教育课，最终找到了我的事业方向。A. cause事业；B. hobby爱好；C. focus专注；D. problem问题。根据下文“Exploring into education, I discovered exciting career options in academia, policy, and more”可知，作者探索教育领域后，发现了学术、政策等方面的职业选择，这里强调找到的是可以深耕的事业方向，cause更符合语境。故选A。 【35题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：最重要的是，我很开心。A. successful成功的；B. delighted开心的；C. outstanding杰出的；D. unique独特的。根据上文“I discovered exciting career options in academia, policy, and more”可知，找到了方向，发现了感兴趣的职业，作者此时是开心的，delighted符合语境。故选B。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 China is building an enormous network of clean energy industries on the Tibetan Plateau, the world’s ____36____ (high). The intention is to make use of the region’s bright sunshine, cold temperatures and sky-touching altitude ____37____ (produce) low-cost, renewable energy. The result is enough renewable energy to provide the plateau with nearly all of the power it needs, including for data centers used in China’s AI ____38____ (develop) . The main group of solar farms, known as the Talatan Solar Park, outperforms any other solar farm in the world. It covers 162 square miles in Gonghe County, a high-altitude desert in ____39____ (rare) inhabited Qinghai, a province in western China. Renewable energy helps China power 30,000 miles of high-speed train routes and its ____40____ (grow) number of electric cars. At the same time, cheap electricity enables China to manufacture (制造) even more solar panels, ____41____ dominate global markets and power AI data centers. Now, two additional hydropower projects (水电项目) ____42____ (build) in high mountain valleys near the Talatan Solar Park. The plan for both ____43____ (be) to use extra solar power generated during ____44____ day to pump water up into the projects’ reservoirs (水库) several miles up. The water will be allowed to drop down ____45____ mountain tubes to the plateau at night, spinning (旋转) giant turbines (涡轮机) to generate large amounts of electricity. 【答案】36. highest 37. to produce 38. development 39. rarely 40. growing 41. which 42. are being built 43. is 44. the 45. through 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了中国于世界最高青藏高原打造清洁能源网，利用当地条件发电，助力相关产业，还在建配套水电项目，通过储能实现夜间供电。 【36题详解】 考查最高级。句意：中国正在青藏高原（世界最高高原）上建设一个庞大的清洁能源产业体系。根据上文the world’s可知为最高级。故填highest。 【37题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：其目的是利用该地区充足的阳光、寒冷的气候以及极高的海拔条件来生产成本低廉的可再生能源。此处produce在句中作目的状语，用不定式。故填to produce。 【38题详解】 考查名词。句意：其结果是，所产生的可再生能源足以满足该高原地区所需的大部分电力需求，包括用于中国人工智能发展所依赖的数据中心的电力供应。作介词in的宾语，用名词development。故填development。 【39题详解】 考查副词。句意：它位于青海省共和县境内，共和县地处中国西部的青藏高原，是一个人烟稀少的高海拔沙漠地区，面积达162平方英里。修饰形容词inhabited用副词rarely。故填rarely。 【40题详解】 考查形容词。句意：可再生能源为中国的30000公里高速铁路线路以及不断增加的电动汽车提供了动力支持。修饰名词number用形容词growing，故填growing。 【41题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：与此同时，低廉的电价使中国能够生产出更多的太阳能电池板，这些电池板在国际市场上占据主导地位，并为人工智能数据中心提供电力支持。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词solar panels，在从句作主语，指物，需用关系代词which引导。故填which。 【42题详解】 考查时态语态。句意：现在，在塔拉滩太阳能公园附近的高山峡谷中，又有两个水电项目正在建设中。主语two additional hydropower projects与谓语构成被动关系，根据上文Now可知为现在进行时的被动语态，谓语用复数。故填are being built。 【43题详解】 考查主谓一致。句意：两者的计划都是利用白天产生的太阳能来将水抽到几英里外的蓄水池中。陈述事实用一般现在时，主语为plan，谓语用单数。故填is。 【44题详解】 考查冠词。句意：两者的计划都是利用白天产生的太阳能来将水抽到几英里外的蓄水池中。短语during the day表示“白天”。故填the。 【45题详解】 考查介词。句意：夜晚时，水会通过山间的管道流至高原，驱动巨大的涡轮机运转，从而产生大量的电能。表示“通过”用介词through。故填through。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 学校正在开展“Work with My Parents”主题活动，鼓励学生利用寒假亲身体验父母的工作。请你代表学生会写一篇英语短文向学校英语报投稿。要点包括： 1. 活动的目的； 2. 参加活动的注意事项。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Work with My Parents: A Meaningful Experience _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】范文 Work with My Parents: A Meaningful Experience To deepen students’ understanding of parents’ hard work and strengthen family bonds, our school launches the “Work with My Parents” activity during the winter vacation. It invites us to experience parents’ jobs firsthand. When participating, follow these tips. Respect parents’ work rules and listen to their guidance patiently. Focus on the tasks assigned and try your best to help. Record your feelings to share later. This activity will let us cherish parents’ efforts more. Let’s actively join in and gain valuable experiences! 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生就“Work with My Parents”主题活动写一篇英语短文向学校英语报投稿。 【详解】1.词汇积累 发起：launch→start off 参加：participate→attend 宝贵的：valuable→precious 珍惜：cherish→treasure 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：To deepen students’ understanding of parents’ hard work and strengthen family bonds, our school launches the “Work with My Parents” activity during the winter vacation. 拓展句：Our school launches the “Work with My Parents” activity during the winter vacation so that we students can deepen our understanding of parents’ hard work and strengthen family bonds. 【点睛】【高分句型1】To deepen students’ understanding of parents’ hard work and strengthen family bonds, our school launches the “Work with My Parents” activity during the winter vacation. (运用了不定式作目的状语) 【高分句型2】When participating, follow these tips. (运用了省略句) 第二节 （满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Mom and I faced off (对抗) in the hallway. “You’d better go to bed now,” she said firmly. “I’ll talk to your dad when he gets home. He’ll deal with you. I rushed to my bedroom, slammed the curtains shut, and flopped onto my bed. The clock glowed 10:15, signaling that Dad would soon be home from his second shift. I knew I was in for it, and I deserved every bit of it. My day at junior high had been terrible. My best friend, Mary Ellen, had got rid of me for the popular Regina, leaving me alone at the lunch table in the library. Then, in P. E., square dancing brought me embarrassment. Nervous about holding hands with a boy, I was rejected by one who called me “fish” for the rest of the day due to my cold, wet hands. Feeling hurt and angry, I took it all out on Mom when I got home. I complained about the peanut butter cookies she’d baked, wishing for chocolate chip instead. Later, I laughed at the chicken she’d prepared for dinner, longing for hamburgers. My misplaced anger increased until Mom lost her patience, and we ended up in a shouting match. As I lay in bed, listening to the garage door open and the muffled voices of my parents, I felt regretful. I replayed the day’s events and realized how unfair I had been to Mom. I knew that if I had shared my troubles with her, she would have listened, comforted me, and made me laugh. The sounds of the night expanded my guilt-the creak of the door, Dad’s boots on the floor, and then silence. I wondered what my consequence would be. After some time, I heard Dad’s quiet footsteps and the sound of a shower. Curious, I waited, my heart heavy with regret. 注意： 1. 续写词数应150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Eventually, my bedroom door was opened. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The next morning Mom put the hamburger down and reached across the table. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Eventually, my bedroom door was opened. Dad stood quietly, holding a plate of chocolate chip cookies. He sat beside me and listened as I poured out my hurtful day and the unfair way I’d treated Mom. His calm presence eased my guilt. “Your mom understands,” he said gently, “but understanding doesn’t erase hurt. She made these for you.” He patted my shoulder before leaving. I felt both comforted and more determined to apologize. The next morning Mom put the hamburger down and reached across the table. Her hand covered mine warmly. “I’m sorry yesterday was so hard,” she said before I could speak. Tears filled my eyes as I apologized sincerely. She smiled. “We all have tough days. Just remember you can always talk to me.” Then she added playfully, “You’ll help with dinner tonight though — fair deal?” I nodded, relieved. That simple hamburger, shared in a peaceful kitchen, became a reminder that love doesn’t mean no consequences, but it always offers a fresh start — and sometimes, a second chance with chocolate chips. 【解析】 【导语】本文以作者糟糕的一天及对妈妈的迁怒为线索展开，讲述了作者在学校遭遇友谊破裂、当众尴尬后，回家把情绪发泄在妈妈身上，事后懊悔不已，最终在爸爸的引导下道歉、与妈妈和解的故事。 【详解】1. 段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“最后，我卧室的门被打开了”可知，第一段可描写爸爸带着妈妈准备的曲奇进入房间，作者向爸爸倾诉当天的委屈和对妈妈的愧疚，爸爸安抚作者并传递妈妈的心意。 ②由第二段首句内容“第二天早上，妈妈放下汉堡包，把手伸到桌子对面”可知，第二段可描写妈妈主动向作者表示理解，作者真诚道歉，妈妈与作者和解并约定共同准备晚餐。 2. 续写线索： 爸爸进房间——作者倾诉心事——爸爸传递妈妈的心意——作者决心道歉——妈妈主动安抚 ——作者道歉并和解——约定准备晚餐 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①倾诉：pour out/ open up about/ unburden oneself of ②缓和，安抚：ease/ soothe ③覆盖，放在：cover/ place over/ rest on 情绪类 ①愧疚，懊恼：guilt/ remorse/ shame ②宽慰的，安心的：relieved/ reassured 【点睛】【高分句型1】He sat beside me and listened as I poured out my hurtful day and the unfair way I’d treated Mom. (运用了as引导的时间状语从句和省略that/in which的定语从句) 【高分句型2】That simple hamburger, shared in a peaceful kitchen, became a reminder that love doesn’t mean no consequences, but it always offers a fresh start — and sometimes, a second chance with chocolate chips. (运用了过去分词短语shared...作后置定语和that引导的同位语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 姓 名________ 准考证号________ 绝密★启用前 湘豫名校联考 2025年12月高三上学期质量检测 英语 注意事项： 1. 本试卷共14页。时间120分钟，满分150分。答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试卷指定位置，并将姓名、考场号、座位号、准考证号填写在答题卡上，然后认真核对条形码上的信息，并将条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。 2. 作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。作答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在本试卷上无效。 3. 考试结束后，将试卷和答题卡一并收回。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。 例：How much is the shirt? A ￡19.15 B. ￡9.18. C. ￡9.15 答案是C。 1. When does Alex usually get up on weekends? A. Before breakfast. B. Before 12:00. C. After 12:00. 2. How long will the man be away? A. For 3 hours B. For 4 hours. C. For 7 hours 3. What is the woman complaining about? A. Mr. Hanks and his inaction. B. Mr. Hanks and Mrs. Hanks. C. Mrs. Hanks and her dog 4. What will the woman send to Anne? A. An e-mail. B. A postcard. C. A handwritten letter. 5. Who wants to go on holiday? A. Rob and Tom. B. Rob and his dad. C. Tom and his mum. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各个小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答第6至第7两个小题。 6. Why is Pinocchio mentioned in the conversation? A. To give readers an example. B. To show fairy tales teach morals. C. To criticize a character in the fairy tale. 7. What’s the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Teacher and student. B. Boss and clerk. C. Judge and competitor. 听下面一段对话，回答第8至第10三个小题。 8. What are the speakers talking about? A. The Tour de France. B. Lance Armstrong’s foundation. C. Lance Armstrong’s cycling ability 9. How did the speakers sound towards cancer research? A. Disappointed. B. Carefree C. Supportive. 10. What will Frank do next? A. Donate money. B. Buy some wristbands C. Visit Lance Armstrong 听下面一段对话，回答第11至第13三个小题。 11. What are the speakers discussing? A. Plans for an upcoming birthday. B. A restaurant they went to last week. C. What they want to do for Mother’s Day. 12. Why does the woman reject the man’s first suggestion? A. She doesn’t like flowers. B. The restaurant is too expensive. C. She doesn’t want to do the same as last year. 13. What do we know about the speakers’ mother? A. She went to the Imperial Hotel last year. B. She probably likes to eat French food. C. They haven’t bought her flowers before. 听下面一段对话，回答第14至第17四个小题。 14. What is the man doing? A. Making an appointment. B. Having a talk with Mr. Dionis. C. Checking the goods from Athens. 15. Who is the woman?1oo A. Mr. Hall’s secretary. B. Mr. Dionis’ secretary. C. Mr. Dionis’ partner. 16. When will Mr. Hall meet Mr. Dionis? A. Next week. B. On May 3rd. C. On May 4th. 17. How will the speakers confirm the appointment? A. By email. B. By letter. C. By phone. 听下面一段独白，回答第18至第20三个小题。 18. Who is the speaker? A. A news reporter. B. A teacher. C. A guide. 19. When did the Mayan peoples first reach the rainforests? A. About 1,500 years ago. B. About 3,000 years ago. C. About 500 years ago. 20. How many steps lead to the top of El Castillo? A. 91. why the B. 364. C. 365. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Grateful Hearts Thankful Paws Gala Event Please join us for an evening of fun, food, and dancing. Suit and dress requested! Enjoy a beautiful night while supporting the work we do at First Responder Therapy Dogs. Learn more about our group, hear about the work we are doing across the country to support the first responder community, enjoy some great entertainment, a silent auction (拍卖), and more! Group tickets and Corporate Sponsorship Options below! Ticket Purchase Options Individual Tickets $120 Your ticket purchase includes an evening of entertainment, food and dancing! Gala Table Purchase $850 (8 Tickets) If you and your friends want to enjoy a night of entertainment together, purchase a table. We are 100% donation funded, so if you aren’t able to attend our gala but would like to contribute to our mission, please feel free to donate. Sponsorship Levels Pug-kin Pie Level — $1,000 ·10 Tickets to Gala Event (Full Table) ·1 FRTD Challenge Coin to commemorate (纪念) your involvement Raise the Woof Level — $500 ·Company name and logo on slideshow ·1 FRTD Challenge Coin to commemorate your support Round of A-Paws Level — Customizable We are happy to work with you directly on a sponsorship fit for your budget or your idea and our special event. Please contact Tracy Ryan (tracy@firstrespondertherapydogs.org) to discuss further. 1. What is the main purpose of the Gala Event? A To raise money for an organization. B. To find new members for a dance club. C. To provide free food for the community. D. To help people learn about dog training. 2. How much can you save if you buy a gala table instead of 8 individual tickets? A. $80. B. $100. C. $110. D. $120. 3. What should someone do if they want a special sponsorship? A. Reach Tracy Ryan. B. Buy individual tickets. C. Attend the silent auction. D. Donate online immediately. B “She was doomed (注定的) — no ship built by human hands could have withstood the pressure.” When polar explorer Ernest Shackleton wrote this journal entry on October 27, 1915, his dreams of reaching Antarctica had been famously crushed — along with his ship, HMS Endurance. Shackleton blamed the sinking of the Endurance on the destruction of its rudder (舵) and for more than a century, historians accepted this explanation. Now, an analysis suggests that structural weakness caused the Endurance to sink, and that Shackleton knew about his ship’s failings, but still, that wasn’t enough to stop him from buying it, according to Dr. Jukka Tuhkuri, a professor at Aalto University in Finland. “I think that Endurance was the best possible ship he could get when he needed it and at a price he could afford” Tuhkuri said. A ship that became caught between pack ice, a type of free-floating ice — was at the mercy of the ice. If the crew was fortunate, winds or currents would eventually shift, the ice would loosen its control and the ship would break free. But if the crew were unlucky, the ice would squeeze their ship until it broke. Tuhkuri was part of the 2022 research that located the Endurance shipwreck. At the time, he was surprised to learn that no one had used structural engineering to evaluate why the Endurance sank. The Endurance, which Tuhkuri learned from historic records, was built for Arctic visits during the summer, not for navigating Antarctic pack ice. Shackleton’s correspondence with colleagues suggests he knew how important diagonal beams (对角梁) were for resisting compressive ice, Tuhkuri found. And from aboard the Endurance, Shackleton wrote to his wife, Emily, admitting that Endurance was “not as strong” as his previous ship, the Nimrod, and adding “I would exchange her for the old Nimrod any day now.” It’s difficult to say for sure why Shackleton set aside his own doubt and prior knowledge to take such a huge risk, Tuhkuri said. But in those days, risk-taking was part and parcel of polar exploration. 4. What was the traditional explanation for Endurance’s sinking? A. The captain’s wrong decisions. B. Structural weakness of the ship. C. Destruction of the ship’s rudder. D. Poor quality of building materials. 5. Why did Shackleton buy Endurance with a fault? A. It was recommended by his friends. B. He planned to rebuild it completely. C. He didn’t believe the ship would encounter ice. D. It was the best ship he could afford at that time. 6. What can we infer about Shackleton’s polar exploration from paragraph 6? A. Endurance was particularly built for the polar exploration. B. Shackleton sailed Endurance on the expedition despite its fault. C. Shackleton’s wife was firmly opposed to his polar expedition. D. Endurance’s diagonal beams did meet the requirement of expedition. 7. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. The Risk-taking Spirit in Polar Exploration B. The Reasons for the Sinking of the Endurance C. The Analysis of the Endurance’s Structural Weakness D. The Story of Shackleton’s Failed Antarctic Expedition C Historically, schools operated differently. In the early 19th century, urban schools were open year-round, while rural schools had two terms, winter and summer. By the late 19th century, a unified calendar began to appear, influenced by several factors. Contrary to the agriculture myth, summer breaks were not initially designed for children to help on farms. The busiest times were spring planting and fall harvesting. The shift began in the late 1800s when rich families left cities for cooler climates, reducing attendance and influencing school decisions. Additionally, educational reformers viewed summer terms as academically weaker and pushed for teacher training programs during these months. Medical concepts from the 18th and 19th centuries, suggesting overuse of the mind could lead to physical and mental weakness, also persisted despite scientific advancements. Today, summer breaks persist due to several barriers. Many schools require repairs and lack air conditioning. Teachers also value the traditional schedule, and changing it could exacerbate recruitment and retention (招聘和留用) issues. Moreover, entire industries, such as summer camps and teen employment, rely on these breaks, making change difficult. However, some schools have adopted balanced calendars by shortening summer breaks and redistributing days off throughout the year. Most balanced schools start in early August, then take some time off mid-fall, at Thanksgiving, around Christmas and New Year, in the middle of the winter, in the middle of spring and around Memorial Day weekend. The summer break of a traditional school is shortened, with the days redistributed to give time off at other times. This model keeps 180 school days but uses them more efficiently. Around 4,000 U.S. schools, representing about 10% of students, follow this approach, leading to increased student achievement and reduced summer learning loss. Balanced calendars also benefit staff by providing more frequent breaks, helping with retention. These breaks allow for targeted interventions and enrichment activities, catering to diverse student needs. It is suggested that school schedules should be individualized, preparing students for future professions that do not offer such extended time off. Despite resistance, the balanced calendar model offers a promising alternative to the traditional summer break, addressing both educational and practical challenges. 8. Why did summer breaks start originally? A. Wealthy families began to live in cities. B. Children had to help their parents on farms. C. Qualified teachers were recruited in summer. D. Medical beliefs implied the harm of overstudying. 9. What does the underlined word “exacerbate” in paragraph 3 probably mean? A. Solve. B. Worsen. C. Improve. D. Ignore. 10. What can we infer about balanced calendars? A. They are followed by most U.S. schools. B. They reduce the total number of school days. C. They improve students’ academic performance. D. They only provide breaks around the holidays. 11. Which could the author agree with regarding school calendars? A. More research is needed before any changes can be made. B. Balanced calendar model should replace the traditional one. C. The traditional summer break should be shortened or canceled D. School schedules should be tailored to meet different students’ needs. D Have you ever been asked a simple question, only to find your mind completely empty? This common experience, known as “mind blanking”, occurs more frequently than we realize. Research suggests our minds go blank 5% — 20% of the time. Cognitive neuroscientist Athena Demertzi defines it as the sudden inability to recall or report any thoughts, though scientists still debate its exact nature. Studying this phenomenon presents unique challenges. When researchers use functional MRI (fMRI) to scan brains, they often instruct participants to “think of nothing”. Surprisingly, this command actually activates parts of the brain rather than showing true mental stillness. These activated areas reflect the brain’s effort to suppress (压制) thoughts rather than genuine emptiness. Demertzi’s 2023 study took a different approach. By scanning resting brains and periodically asking subjects to report their thoughts, her team identified a distinct neural pattern before mind blanking — a brief synchronization (同步) where multiple brain networks meantime inactivated. This pattern is similar to what occurs during sleep or anesthesia (麻醉), suggesting mind blanks might be micro-versions of the brain’s “shutdown” processes. The likelihood of mind blanking appears closely tied to arousal levels — the brain’s degree of inspiration. When arousal is too low, thoughts become broken and hard to maintain. Contrarily, excessive arousal (as in anxiety) can overpower the brain, creating another form of blanking where racing thoughts blur (模糊) into incomprehensibility. Notably, conditions like ADHD (多动症) show lifted rates of mind blanking, with unmedicated children reporting it more frequently than their peers. Why does this happen? Demertzi proposes an interesting theory linking mind blanks to the brain’s maintenance cycles. During sleep, the body clears neural waste — some scientists suppose similar brief “clean-up” periods might occur while awake, appearing as mental blanks. Though debatable, this could explain how our brains keep peak performance: these momentary pauses may be necessary resets during our waking hours. Ultimately, mind blanking remains partially mysterious, but current research suggests it’s not just mental failure — it might be the brain’s clever way of managing its complex operations. As Demertzi puts it: “How can you keep continuous wakefulness if your brain doesn’t occasionally take a break?” 12. What could happen when people try to “think of nothing” in fMRI scans? A. Some fall into sleep quickly. B. Their brains stop functioning. C. Certain brain areas are active. D. Their minds are actual empty. 13. What did Demertzi’s 2023 study discover about “mind blanking”? A. It is a short pause of the brain. B. It shows a common brain pattern. C. It happens during deep sleep. D. It only occurs to mental patients. 14. What might be the purpose of mind blanking according to Demertzi? A. To prepare for sleep. B. To clean brain waste. C. To improve memory. D. To cause anxiety. 15. What is the main idea of the passage? A. Mind blanking is a serious mental problem. B. Scientists have found the cure for mind blanking. C. Mind blanking may be the brain’s self-protection. D. People should avoid experiencing mind blanking. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 How to Travel Solo with a Group I’ve never loved group travel. ____16____ I enjoy the freedom of being able to come and go as I please and not having to change plans to visit a restaurant I may dislike, take an Uber when I prefer taking public transportation, or shop at a store that doesn’t carry my size. But in recent years, I’ve tried something in between solo and group travel — a term I’ve coined “solo travel, together”. ____17____ We stay at different hotels, and pursue different daily activities on the ground, all with the familiarity and reliability of someone available. A few years ago, I was on a girls’ trip to Southeast Asia with a friend from college and her best friend, and there were times when the three of us saw each other only in passing. We each had our own plan. We were content to check in via text or a quick thumbs-up to an Instagram story. It was only in the evening that we’d sit together. ____18____ ____19____ According to experts, plenty of travelers are interested in solo traveling together. We think it’s a great opportunity to connect with friends without the pressure of spending a week or two together and having to compromise on our plans and ideas. While people may have close relationships with friends and family at home, it doesn’t necessarily mean that they are well-matched travel partners. ____20____ Everyone just wants to have a good time, but each person’s definition of a good time might be different. By choosing to solo travel together, it can relieve some of the stressors associated with travel. A. I’m not the only one. B. I dislike feeling fastened to others during my trips. C. It means traveling with friends but doing so separately. D. But each friend got to pick a restaurant for each day of our stay. E. We would exchange stories about our day before calling it a night. F. Travelers come on trips with their own needs desires, and anxieties. G. Before a trip, travelers should have conversations about boundaries. 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 In my freshman fall, I registered for chemistry, calculus (微积分), an elective, and an English class. Though I’d always liked ____21____, I never expected to dislike my science and math courses in college, as I’d ____22____ them in high school. The college courses just didn’t resonate (产生共鸣) with me, leading to a crisis of ____23____. The English course, however, was such a delight that I ____24____ joined in class discussions on assigned books and found essay writing ____25____ due to my interest. ____26____, chemistry assignments left me sleepy. Despite doing well, the actuality of more chemistry classes next semester was ____27____. Looking back, I realized I wasn’t ____28____ in feeling lost at college. The shift from home, tougher classes, and adult responsibilities can be ____29____. At a famous university, it’s easy to feel ____30____ in the crowd. After struggling for another year, I finally ____31____ to my parents after a physics class that I didn’t want to pursue chemistry anymore. ____32____, they were supportive, encouraging me to follow my passion for English. With their ____33____, I switched to an English major. I explored other paths, took an education course, and finally found my ____34____. Exploring into education, I discovered exciting career options in academia, policy, and more. Most importantly, I was ____35____. 21. A. chemistry B. English C. calculus D. physics 22. A. avoided B. hated C. enjoyed D. feared 23. A. self-image B. self-doubt C. self-identity D. self-worth 24. A. eagerly B. cautiously C. anxiously D. curiously 25. A. fearless B. ceaseless C. priceless D. effortless 26. A. Of course B. For example C. In a word D. On the contrary 27. A. tiring B. confusing C. exciting D. refreshing 28. A. alone B. ready C. wrong D. honest 29. A. opposing B. mounting C. overwhelming D. underlying 30. A. hidden B. left C. lost D. locked 31. A. lied B. explained C. complained D. admitted 32. A. Obviously B. Unfortunately C. Surprisingly D. Normally 33. A. warning B. blessing C. feeling D. thinking 34. A. cause B. hobby C. focus D. problem 35. A. successful B. delighted C. outstanding D. unique 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 China is building an enormous network of clean energy industries on the Tibetan Plateau the world’s ____36____ (high). The intention is to make use of the region’s bright sunshine, cold temperatures and sky-touching altitude ____37____ (produce) low-cost, renewable energy. The result is enough renewable energy to provide the plateau with nearly all of the power it needs, including for data centers used in China’s AI ____38____ (develop) . The main group of solar farms, known as the Talatan Solar Park, outperforms any other solar farm in the world. It covers 162 square miles in Gonghe County, a high-altitude desert in ____39____ (rare) inhabited Qinghai, a province in western China. Renewable energy helps China power 30,000 miles of high-speed train routes and its ____40____ (grow) number of electric cars. At the same time, cheap electricity enables China to manufacture (制造) even more solar panels, ____41____ dominate global markets and power AI data centers. Now, two additional hydropower projects (水电项目) ____42____ (build) in high mountain valleys near the Talatan Solar Park. The plan for both ____43____ (be) to use extra solar power generated during ____44____ day to pump water up into the projects’ reservoirs (水库) several miles up. The water will be allowed to drop down ____45____ mountain tubes to the plateau at night, spinning (旋转) giant turbines (涡轮机) to generate large amounts of electricity. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 学校正在开展“Work with My Parents”主题活动，鼓励学生利用寒假亲身体验父母的工作。请你代表学生会写一篇英语短文向学校英语报投稿。要点包括： 1. 活动的目的； 2. 参加活动的注意事项。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Work with My Parents: A Meaningful Experience _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节 （满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Mom and I faced off (对抗) in the hallway. “You’d better go to bed now,” she said firmly. “I’ll talk to your dad when he gets home. He’ll deal with you. I rushed to my bedroom, slammed the curtains shut, and flopped onto my bed. The clock glowed 10:15, signaling that Dad would soon be home from his second shift. I knew I was in for it, and I deserved every bit of it. My day at junior high had been terrible. My best friend, Mary Ellen, had got rid of me for the popular Regina, leaving me alone at the lunch table in the library. Then, in P. E., square dancing brought me embarrassment. Nervous about holding hands with a boy, I was rejected by one who called me “fish” for the rest of the day due to my cold, wet hands. Feeling hurt and angry, I took it all out on Mom when I got home. I complained about the peanut butter cookies she’d baked, wishing for chocolate chip instead. Later, I laughed at the chicken she’d prepared for dinner, longing for hamburgers. My misplaced anger increased until Mom lost her patience, and we ended up in a shouting match. As I lay in bed, listening to the garage door open and the muffled voices of my parents, I felt regretful. I replayed the day’s events and realized how unfair I had been to Mom. I knew that if I had shared my troubles with her, she would have listened, comforted me, and made me laugh. The sounds of the night expanded my guilt-the creak of the door, Dad’s boots on the floor, and then silence. I wondered what my consequence would be. After some time, I heard Dad’s quiet footsteps and the sound of a shower. Curious, I waited, my heart heavy with regret. 注意： 1. 续写词数应150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Eventually, my bedroom door was opened. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The next morning Mom put the hamburger down and reached across the table. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $