专题02 宾语从句（期末复习讲义）九年级英语上学期牛津上海版

该初中英语宾语从句复习讲义通过分类梳理与结构化呈现构建知识体系，将宾语从句按引导词（that、疑问词、if/whether）分为三类，结合语序规则、时态一致原则形成逻辑脉络，并用对比表格清晰展示主句与从句的句式转换，直观呈现重难点内在联系。 讲义亮点在于分层练习设计与情境化应用，基础题聚焦语序与时态基础（如“where I bought it”考查陈述语序），提升题强化复杂引导词运用（如“whether he can make much money”），拓展题结合真实情境（如“when the sports meeting will take place”），培养语言能力与思维品质，助力不同层次学生巩固提升，为教师实施精准分层教学提供有力支持。

专题02 宾语从句（期末复习讲义） 中考及模考重难点 宾语从句 单项选择 首字母填空 完形填空等 1.注重素养：更加注重对学生英语核心素养的考查。 2.情境化突出：借助生活、学校、社会等多种情境，将语法考察与实际生活相结合。 3.文化传承与价值导向明显：注重选取具有文化内涵和思想价值的语篇。 1.宾语从句的种类 宾语从句是一种名词性从句，在句中作及物动词的宾语，或介词的宾语，或形容词的宾语。根据引导宾语从句的不同连词，宾语从句可分为三类。 1.1. 由that引导的宾语从句。that只有语法作用，没有实在的意义，在口语和非正式文体中可以省略。 He said (that) he wanted to stay at home. 1.2. 由连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which和连接副词when, where, why, how引导的宾语从句。这些连接代词和连接副词在宾语从句中充当某个成分。 Do you know who (whom) they are waiting for? I don’t know why the train is late. 1.3. 由if或whether引导的宾语从句。if和whether在句中的意思是＂是否＂。 I want to know if (whether) he lives there. 2.宾语从句的语序 宾语从句的语序应为陈述句的语序，即按照主语、谓语的顺序。 2.1. 陈述句变为宾语从句，语序不变，即仍用陈述语序。 He is an honest boy. The teacher said. → The teacher said(that) he was an honest boy. 2.2. 一般疑问句和特殊疑问句变为宾语从句，语序变为陈述语序。 Does he work hard? I wonder. → I wonder if/whether he works hard. 3. 宾语从句主句与从句时态一致的问题。 3.1. 如果主句是现在的某种时态（包括一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成时），那么宾语从句的时态可根据实际情况而定。 3.2. 如果主句是过去的某种时态（包括一般过去时、过去进行时），那么宾语从句一定要用过去的某种时态（包括一般过去时、过去进行时、过去将来时、过去完成时）。 3.3. 如果宾语从句表示的是客观事实或真理，即使主句是过去时，从句也用一般现在时态。 4.宾语从句种类具体分述 4.1.that引导的宾语从句 that 是宾语从句的一个引导词，放在主句和从句之间。它引导的宾语从句由陈述句转化而来，故从句的语序不变。在that 引导的宾语从句中，that 作连接代词，无意义，在句中不作任何成分，在口语或非正式的文体中通常可以省略。 4.1.1.that 引导的宾语从句的用法 4.1.1.1. 位置：that 引导的宾语从句通常放在主句谓语动词（及物动词）、介词或形容词之后。 ①作及物动词，如：say，think，tell，know，hear，see，hope，wish，remember，forget等的宾语。如：　She says that she will help me learn English this evening. 她说今天晚上她会帮我学英语。 ②作介词的宾语：连词that引导的名词性从句很少作介词的宾语，只用在except，but，in之后。如： He is a good boy except that he is careless. 他是一个好男孩，只是有点儿粗心。 ③作＂be + 形容词＂结构的宾语。某些形容词或过去分词后常接宾语从句，如：sure，glad，certain，pleased，sorry，happy，afraid等，连词that可省略。如：I’m happy (that) I passed the exam. 我很高兴我通过了考试。 4.1.1.2. 时态：主句的谓语动词是一般现在时，从句的谓语动词可根据具体情况选用适当的时态；主句的谓语动词是一般过去时，从句中也必须用过去的某种时态。试比较： He says that he wants to see him as soon as possible. 他说他想尽快见到他。 He said that he wanted to see him as soon as possible. 他说他想尽快见到他。 【特别提醒】 当主句是一般过去时，而宾语从句的内容表示的是客观真理、事实、科学原理、自然现象、名言警句、格言、谚语等时，此时宾语从句用一般现在时，这些情况下不受主句时态的限制。如： The teacher told us that the earth goes round the sun. 老师告诉我们地球围绕着太阳转。 4.1.1.3. 引导词that可以省略的几种情况： 引导宾语从句的连词that通常可以省略： She said (that) she would come to the meeting. 她说过要来开会的。 I promise you (that) I will be there. 我答应你我会去的。 4.1.1.4. 引导词that不能省略的几种情况： that在引导宾语从句时，并不是在任何情况下都可以省略，在以下几种情况下，that不能省略。 ①从句的主语是that时，that不能省略； We know that is an interesting film. 我们知道那是一部有趣的电影。 ②and连接的两个表示陈述意义的宾语从句并列时，有时省去第一个从句的连词that，但第二个从句的连词that一般不可以省略。如：He told me (that) they could not decide what to do and that they asked my advice. 他告诉我他们决定不了去做什么并且问了我的意见。 ③that引导的宾语从句作介词宾语时，that不能省略。 如：I know nothing about him except that he is from the south. 对他我一无所知，只知道他是南方人。 4.1.1.5. 如果宾语从句后还有宾语补足语，则用it作形式宾语，而将宾语从句后置。 如：We thought it strange that Xiao Zhang did not come yesterday. 小张昨天没来，我们觉得很奇怪。 4.1.1.6. 宾语从句的否定转移。 在think，believe，suppose，expect等动词后的宾语从句，当主句的主语是第一人称时，谓语尽管是否定的意思，却不用否定形式，而将think等动词变为否定形式，英语称这种现象为否定转移。 I don’t think he is right, is he? 我认为他不对，是吗？ He thinks I can come, doesn’t he? 他认为我能来，是不是？ 4.1.1.7. 如果宾语从句中含有否定意义的副词或形容词。如：hardly，never，seldom，no，few，little等，其反意疑问句要用肯定形式。如： We find that he seldom goes to visit his mother, does he? 我们发现他不常看望他的妈妈，是吗？ 4.1.1.8. that引导的宾语从句变成被动语态时，只变主句，不变从句。实际上，我们经常把It is said that ...（据说……）；It is known that ...（众所周知……）；It is reported that ...（据报告……）等当作固定句式来运用。如：It is said that he is from Canada. 据说他来自加拿大。 4.2.疑问词引导的宾语从句 特殊疑问句作宾语从句时，由疑问词 when, who, what, where, whatever, how，which, why等引导。宾语从句的词序一律用陈述句的词序，即＂主语+谓语＂词序。 ①带有系动词be（is，am，are，was,were)的特殊疑问句。 主句 宾语从句 Do you know how old Liz is? 你知道兹几岁吗? I know how old Liz is. 我知道莉兹几岁。 I don’t know how old Liz is. 我不知道莉兹几岁。 宾语从句＂how old Liz is＂是主句动词know的宾语。how在从句中作副词。注意从句的顺序，主语在动词前（Liz is)。 ②带有（情态）助动词is/am/are/have/has/can/should等的特殊疑问句 When is Ann going to lran? 安什么时候去伊朗？ → Do you know when Ann is going to lran? 你知道安什么时候去伊朗吗？ → I don’t know when Ann is going to lran. 我不知道安什么时候去伊朗。 What should I do? 我该怎么办？ → Can you tell me what I should do? 你能告诉我，我该怎么办吗？ → Please tell me what I should do. 请告诉我，我该怎么办。 Where has Ron gone? 朗去了哪里？ → Do you know where Ron has gone? 你知道朗去了哪里吗？ → I don’t know where Ron has gone. 我不知道朗去了哪里。 ③带有助动词do/does/did的特殊疑问句。 Where did I put my wedding ring? 我把我的结婚戒指放在哪里了？ → Do you know where I put my wedding ring? 你知道我把我的结婚戒指放在哪里了吗？ → I don’t remember where I put my wedding ring. 我不记得我把我的结婚戒指放在哪里了。 What does Sue think about Lulu? 苏对露露的看法是什么？ → Do you know what Sue thinks about Lulu? 你知道苏对露露的看法是什么吗？ → I know what Sue thinks about Lulu. 我知道苏对露露的看法是什么。 注意： （1）由于宾语从句要求陈述句语序，故而在从句中它变成了陈述语序。请看下列两组句子： How much does this coat cost? → I want to know how much this coat costs. Where did you go yesterday? → Please tell me where you went yesterday. （2）当疑问代词what、who在特殊疑问句中作主语时，该特殊疑问句本身就是陈述句语序，所以当该句用来作宾语时，语序不需要调整。 What’s wrong with you? 怎么了？ → He asked the girl what was wrong with her. What’s the matter? 怎么了？→ He asked the girl what was the matter. What has happened to him?→ We want to know what has happened to him. 4.3.if/whether引导的宾语从句 当从句部分是一般疑问句或选择疑问句时，常用if或whether引导宾语从句，if/whether意为＂是否＂。说明对陈述的事物不明确或不清楚。常用在see，ask，say，learn，tell，wonder，doubt，find out，be uncertain /doubtful / be not known 等后，二者通常可以互换。口语中多用if代替whether。在非正式的写作中，可以使用if 或 whether 两个词来表达不定性，两者都算标准。 I wonder if/whether he is a driver. 我想知道他是不是个司机。 Alice wants to know if/whether she has passed the exam. 爱丽丝想知道她是否考试及格了。 【即时检测】 1．—If I am curious about Taizhou’s local culture, could you tell me ________? —Taizhou Museum would be a wonderful place. A．where can I travel B．which place my first choice is C．how I can go to Taizhou Museum D．if Taizhou Museum would be a wonderful place to visit 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——如果我对泰州的地方文化很好奇，你能告诉我我的第一选择是哪里吗？——泰州博物馆是个不错的地方。 考查宾语从句。宾语从句用陈述语序，排除A选项；根据“Taizhou Museum would be a wonderful place.”可知，是问自己可以去哪里学习泰州的地方文化，B选项“我的第一选择是哪里”符合语境，故选B。 2．—Can you tell me _________? —Go along the road. Take the fourth turning on the left. It’s down that road on the right. A．how can I get to the library B．which is the way to the library C．How long it takes to get to the library D．how many books I can borrow in the library 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你能告诉我去图书馆走哪条路吗？——沿着这条路走。在第四个路口向左拐。就在那条路的右边。 考查宾语从句。根据“Go along the road. Take the fourth turning on the left. It’s down that road on the right.”，可知在问路怎么走，排除CD；根据“Can you tell me…”可知原句是宾语从句，从句应用陈述语序，排除A。故选B。 基础题（测试时间：10分钟） 1．—Mum, do you know ________? An engineer. —That’s interesting. I guess you often fix things for others in your school. A．what do my classmates call me B．how my classmates call me C．why do my classmates call me D．what my classmates call me 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——妈妈，你知道我的同学叫我什么吗？一名工程师。——那很有趣。我猜你经常在学校里帮别人修理东西。 考查宾语从句。what do my classmates call me我的同学们叫我什么，疑问语序；how my classmates call me我的同学们怎样叫我，陈述语序；why do my classmates call me我的同学们为什么叫我，疑问语序；what my classmates call me我的同学们叫我什么，陈述语序。根据“Mum, do you know…?”可知，宾语从句要用陈述语序，且答语“An engineer”是称呼内容，what符合语境。故选D。 2．—I don’t know ________ I can improve my English writing. —You can keep a diary in English every day. A．when B．why C．how D．where 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——我不知道怎样才能提高我的英语写作水平。——你可以每天用英语写日记。 考查宾语从句连接词。when什么时候；why为什么；how怎样，如何；where在哪里。根据答语“你可以每天用英语写日记”可知，这是提供提高英语写作的方法，因此问句是在询问“如何”提高。故选C。 3．The teacher told us that light ________ faster than sound. A．travel B．travels C．travelled D．travelling 【答案】B 【详解】句意：老师告诉我们光比声音传播得快。 考查动词时态。根据句子结构可知，“that light...faster than sound”为宾语从句，在宾语从句中，当描述的是客观事实或普遍真理时，无论主句是什么时态，从句都用一般现在时。本句描述的是光传播速度比声音快这一客观事实，所以从句用一般现在时，主语“light”为不可数名词，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式“travels”。故选B。 4．When my friend saw my new Labubu, she was so curious that I decided to tell her ________. A．where did I buy it B．where I bought it C．where I buy it D．where do I buy it 【答案】B 【详解】句意：当我的朋友看到我的新Labubu时，她非常好奇，以至于我决定告诉她我在哪里买的。 考查宾语从句的语序和时态。宾语从句需用陈述句语序（主语+谓语），且主句为过去时（decided），从句时态应一致。故选B。 5．—Could you please tell me ______ in Guanyi Middle School? —Of course. Next Monday and Tuesday. A．when will the sports meeting take place B．where will the sports meeting take place C．when the sports meeting will take place D．where the sports meeting will take place 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你能告诉我关义中学运动会什么时候举行吗？——当然。下周一和周二。 考查宾语从句。分析句子，空格处为宾语从句，应用陈述句语序，排除选项A和B；根据答句“Next Monday and Tuesday.”可知，询问的是时间，所以用when引导宾语从句，故选C。 6．—This article is too hard to understand. I wonder ________. —Maybe you can turn to Mr. Wu. He reads a lot and is always ready to help. A．who I can ask for help B．why can I ask for help C．when I can ask for help D．where can I ask for help 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——这篇文章太难理解了，我想知道我可以向谁求助。——可能你可以找吴老师帮忙，他读了很多书并且总是乐于助人。 考查宾语从句。根据“Maybe you can turn to Mr. Wu”可以找吴先生帮忙；可知此处指“向谁求助”，引导词用who。故选A。 7．Which of the following sentences has an object clause? A．Whenever Tony talks about basketball, he gets excited. B．Some people believe that colors can influence our moods. C．Amy is such a good storyteller that she could write exciting scripts. D．Mrs Green who has lots of teaching experience will join our school. 【答案】B 【详解】句意：以下哪个句子包含宾语从句？ 考查宾语从句。选项A是whenever引导的时间状语从句；选项B是that引导的宾语从句，作动词believe的宾语；选项C是such…that引导的结果状语从句；选项D是who引导的定语从句，修饰先行词Mrs Green。故选B。   8．—Li Yan is worried about her father who has joined an international medical team in Africa. —What a hero! I wonder ________. A．how long has he been in Africa B．that he has been to Africa before C．when he will go to Africa D．how soon he’ll return from Africa 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——李燕担心她父亲，他加入了非洲的一个国际医疗队。——真是个英雄！我想知道他多久能从非洲回来。 考查宾语从句。空处为宾语从句，从句用陈述语序，A项可排除；选项B“that he has been to Africa before”中“I wonder that”结构不自然，且“has been to”表示“去过（已返回）”，与父亲已在非洲的语境矛盾；选项C“when he will go to Africa”与“has joined an international medical team in Africa”矛盾；D项“how soon he’ll return from Africa”是陈述句语序，且语义“他多久能从非洲回来”契合李燕担心爸爸的语境。故选D。 9．Why didn’t you tell your parents ________ you thought of their holiday plan for you? A．that B．what C．how D．whether 【答案】B 【详解】句意：你为什么不告诉你父母，你对他们给你安排的假期计划有什么看法？ 考查宾语从句连接词辨析。that只起连接作用，不表示内容；what所；how如何；whether是否。根据“tell your parents”，可知此处需引导宾语从句，表示“对……的看法”，常用固定结构what you think of something“你对某事的看法”。此处what作连接词，在从句中作“thought of”的宾语。故选B。 10．— Do you know ________? — I’m not sure. Maybe next year. A．if Dongying High-speed Train Station will be built B．where Dongying High-speed Train Station will be built C．when we will build Dongying High-speed Train Station D．why the government decided to build Dongying High-speed Train Station 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你知道什么时候建东营高速火车站吗？——我不确定。可能明年。 考查宾语从句的引导词。根据答句“Maybe next year”可知，此处应用“when”询问时间。故选C。 11．He bet me fifty yuan ________ he could finish his homework in half an hour. A．which B．what C．that D．when 【答案】C 【详解】句意：他和我打赌五十元，说他能在半小时内完成作业。 考查连词that的用法。which哪个；what什么；that那个；when当……时候。根据题干可知，空格后“he could finish his homework in half an hour”是一个完整的宾语从句，表示打赌的具体内容，需用连词that引导，无实际意义仅起连接作用。其他选项：which和what需在从句中充当成分（如主语或宾语），但该从句结构完整；when表示时间关系，与句意不符。故选C。 12．—I wonder ________. —The egg. Scientists from Switzerland believe so. A．how long the egg has been in the world B．which came first, the egg or the chicken C．whether you like the egg and the chicken D．when scientists started to study the chicken 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——我想知道先有鸡还是先有蛋。——鸡蛋。来自瑞士的科学家这么认为。 考查which引导的宾语从句。根据答语“The egg”可知，问句是在询问“先有鸡还是先有蛋”这一选择性问题，而答语直接对应选项B的内容，科学家认为先有蛋。故选B。 13．—Do you remember ________? —Sure. On the morning of May Day. A．how we got to the Tianjin Eye B．how long did we get to the Tianjin Eye C．when we got to the Tianjin Eye D．when did we get to the Tianjin Eye 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你还记得我们到天津之眼的时候吗？ ——当然。在五一节的早晨。 考查宾语从句的语序。根据回答“On the morning of May Day”可知，此处询问时间，因此应选表示时间的从句，排除选项A；宾语从句使用陈述语序，选项B和选项D是疑问语序，故错误；选项C“when we got to the Tianjin Eye”使用陈述句语序，符合宾语从句语法。故选C。 14．—Many young people like keeping pet stones. I wonder ________. —Because it allows people to show off their creativity by dressing up their own pet stones. A．what the activity means B．what does the activity mean C．why the activity is popular D．why is the activity popular 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——许多年轻人喜欢养宠物石。我想知道为什么这个活动受欢迎。——因为它允许人们通过打扮自己的宠物石来展示他们的创造力。 考查宾语从句的语序。what the activity means这个活动的意义，陈述语序；what does the activity mean这个活动的意义是什么，疑问语序；why the activity is popular这个活动为什么受欢迎，陈述语序；why is the activity popular为什么这个活动受欢迎，疑问语序。句中wonder后的宾语从句需用陈述语序，且根据答语“Because...”可知，问句询问原因。故选C。 15．—Would you please tell me ? —They’re Miss White’s. A．when the robots were bought B．why the robots were made C．which city the robots were taken to D．who the robots belong to 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——你能告诉我这些机器人属于谁吗？ ——它们是怀特小姐的。 考查宾语从句。when the robots were bought机器人是什么时候买的；why the robots were made机器人为什么被制造；which city the robots were taken to机器人被带到哪个城市；who the robots belong to机器人属于谁。根据“They’re Miss White’s.”可知，此处询问机器人属于谁。故选D。 16．—How long does it take to get to the airport? —Half an hour. But it’s foggy today. I am not sure ________ the highway will be closed soon. A．when B．whether C．why D．where 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——到机场需要多长时间？——半小时。但今天有雾。我不确定高速公路是否很快会关闭。 考查宾语从句引导词。when何时；whether是否；why为什么；where哪里。根据“But it’s foggy today. I am not sure...the highway will be closed soon.”可知，说话者因雾天对“高速公路很快会关闭”这一事件表示不确定，强调“是否”会发生，应用“whether”表示疑问或不确定性。故选B。 17．Excuse me, do you know ________? A．what can I buy some flowers B．where I can buy some flowers C．what I can buy some flowers D．where can I buy some flowers 【答案】B 【详解】句意：打扰一下，您知道我在哪里可以买一些花吗？ 考查宾语从句。在宾语从句中，从句部分必须使用陈述句语序（主语 + 谓语），而非疑问句语序。选项A和D使用了疑问句语序“can I”，排除A、D；选项C中“what”表示“什么”，与“buy some flowers”逻辑冲突，因为“what”应直接接动词，但此处“some flowers”已指定对象，造成语义重复，排除C。故选B。 18．—Dad, could you tell me ________? —Next Sunday, dear. We can invite some of your friends. A．where will we have a picnic B．where we will have a picnic C．when we will have a picnic D．when will we have a picnic 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——爸爸，你能告诉我什么时候去野餐吗？——下周日，亲爱的。我们可以邀请你的一些朋友。 考查宾语从句的引导词及语序。where will we have a picnic我们将在哪里野餐，疑问语序；where we will have a picnic我们将在哪里野餐，陈述语序；when we will have a picnic我们将什么时候野餐，陈述语序；when will we have a picnic我们将什么时候野餐，疑问语序。宾语从句需用陈述语序，排除A、D选项；根据答语“Next Sunday”可知，此处询问的是时间，应用when引导宾语从句，故选C。   19．—Can you tell me ________? —Sure. He lives on Center Street. A．where does he live B．where he lives C．why he lives there D．what he does 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你能告诉我他住在哪里吗？ ——当然。他住在中心街。 考查宾语从句的语序和引导词。根据“He lives on Center Street.”可知，问句询问地址，应用where引导宾语从句，排除C项和D项；宾语从句中应使用陈述语序，而非疑问语序，排除A项。故选B。 20．—What are you doing, Billy? —I am searching for some information about the Super Blue Blood Moon. I wonder _______. A．how long does it last B．that it will appear next time C．why does it look red D．whether it represents something lucky 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——你在干什么，比利？——我正在寻找一些关于超级蓝血月的信息。我想知道这是否代表幸运。 考查宾语从句。在宾语从句中，从句部分必须使用陈述句语序（即主语在前，谓语在后），故排除A/C选项；根据“I wonder...”可知，从句应该是提出一个问题，而B选项中that引导的是陈述句，故排除B选项，故选D。 提升题（测试时间：10分钟） 1．Do you know ________? A．which room she lives B．which room does she live in C．which room she lives in D．where she lives in 【答案】C 【详解】句意：你知道她住在哪个房间吗？ 考查宾语从句的语序和动词搭配。空处句子是宾语从句，宾语从句应使用陈述语序 (连接词+主语+谓语)，故排除B项；live为不及物动词，需加介词in才能接宾语，故排除A项；which room是名词，作介词in的宾语。此外，D项“where she lives in”中where表示地点，无需用介词in。故选C。 2．Mike doesn’t care about ________ he can make much money. He just works for fun. A．which B．whether C．what D．how much 【答案】B 【详解】句意：迈克不在乎他是否能赚很多钱。他工作只是为了好玩。 考查宾语从句引导词。which哪一个；whether是否；what什么；how much多少。根据后句“He just works for fun.”可知，后句描述迈克工作只是为了好玩，则空格所在句应指他不在乎“是否”能赚钱，应用whether引导宾语从句，用于询问或表达不确定性。故选B。 3．—The Jiangsu Football City League was such a great success. — Sure, it shows ________ sports can bring people together, improve city image and even help the local economy. A．when B．where C．if D．how 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——江苏足球城市联赛如此成功。——当然，它展示了体育如何将人们聚集在一起、提升城市形象甚至帮助当地经济。 考查宾语从句的引导词。when当……时；where在哪里；if如果；how如何。根据“sports can bring people together…”可知，主句“it shows”后接宾语从句，表示展示体育实现积极影响的方式，因此需用how引导从句。故选D。 4．—The exchange students want to know ______ to celebrate the Lidong. —People in the north often eat Jiaozi and those in the south prefer Tangtuan. A．what kind of food we usually eat B．why people prepare special meals C．when families get together for dinner D．how important the festival is to us 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——交换生想知道我们通常吃什么食物来庆祝立冬。——北方人经常吃饺子，南方人更喜欢吃汤团。 考查宾语从句。what kind of food we usually eat我们通常吃什么样的食物；why people prepare special meals为什么人们准备特别的饭菜；when families get together for dinner家人什么时候聚在一起吃饭；how important the festival is to us这个节日对我们来说有多重要。根据答语“People in the north often eat Jiaozi and those in the south prefer Tangtuan.”可知，回答针对食物种类进行说明，所以交换生想知道的是我们吃什么样的食物来庆祝立冬。故选A。 5．—Dale, could you please tell me ________ when I meet someone for the first time? —Why not ________ your new teacher? A．what am I supposed to do ; to ask B．why am I supposed to do; to ask C．what I am supposed to do; ask D．why I am supposed to do; ask 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——Dale，你能告诉我当我第一次见到某人时我应该做什么吗？——为什么不问问你的新老师？ 考查宾语从句的语序和“Why not”的用法。第一个空在“could you please tell me”后引导宾语从句，需用陈述语序（主语+谓语），且此处询问该做什么，应用what引导而非why；第二个空“Why not”后应接动词原形表示建议。故选C。 6．—What did Jenny say to you just now? —She wanted to know _______. A．when will we have the art festival B．who broke the window of the classroom C．if our sports meeting will be put off D．where did I go for a picnic 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——Jenny刚才对你说什么了？——她想知道是谁打破了教室的窗户。 考查宾语从句。根据“She wanted to know...”可知，此处是宾语从句，宾语从句需用陈述语序，排除选项A、D；主句是一般过去时，从句时态也用相应的过去时，排除选项C。故选B。 7．Tom, do you know ________ the art festival? I can’t wait to get started. A．where will we hold B．how we will hold C．when will we hold D．when we will hold 【答案】D 【详解】句意：汤姆，你知道我们什么时候举办艺术节吗？我迫不及待想开始了。 考查宾语从句。where will we hold我们在哪里举办，疑问语序；how we will hold我们如何举办，陈述语序；when will we hold我们什么时候举办，疑问语序；when we will hold我们什么时候举办，陈述语序。根据“do you know...the art festival?”可知，空格处是宾语从句，宾语从句需用陈述语序，且根据“I can’t wait to get started.”可知，此处暗示说话者关心艺术节的举办时间，以便开始准备。故选D。 8．— Miss Song, I haven’t decided ________. —I really hope you will visit it. It’s a good chance to learn about the history of our city. A．how will I go to Anhui Museum B．how I will go to Anhui Museum C．whether will I go to Anhui Museum D．whether I will go to Anhui Museum 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——宋老师，我还没决定是否去安徽博物馆。——我真心希望你能去参观。这是了解我们城市历史的好机会。   考查宾语从句的语序和连接词。根据答句“I really hope you will visit it”可知，空格处应填入表示“是否去”的宾语从句，且从句需用陈述语序。whether引导宾语从句时表示“是否”，且从句语序为“主语+谓语”。故选D。 9．—What’s wrong with the dog? —We’re sure ________ something is wrong with it, but we doubt ________ the disease can kill it. A．if; whether B．that; that C．whether; if D．that; whether 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——这只狗怎么了？——我们确信它出了什么问题，但我们怀疑这种病是否能杀死它。 考查宾语从句引导词的辨析。if是否；whether是否；that引导从句，无意义。根据“We’re sure...”可知引导词在从句中不充当任何成分且没有任何含义，所以用that引导宾语从句；根据“we doubt...”可知，此处是指我们怀疑这种病是否能杀死它，所以应用whether引导宾语从句。故选D。 10．The sea lion is usually considered a friendly animal. Everyone wonders ________. A．why does this sea lion go crazy B．where did the sea lion run away C．what happened to the sea lion and the girl D．that the sea lion is sent into the Animal Centre 【答案】C 【详解】句意：海狮通常被认为是一种友好的动物。每个人都想知道海狮和女孩发生了什么事。 考查宾语从句。分析句子可知此处是宾语从句，宾语从句必须是陈述语序，即连接词+主语+谓语，A和B选项使用了疑问语序，语法错误；根据“wonders”可知从句带有疑问语气，that引导的宾语从句陈述事实，不带有疑问语气，D选项错误；C选项“海狮和女孩发生了什么事”符合语境，且语序正确。故选C。 11．—Miss Song, I haven’t decided ________. —I really hope you will visit it. It’s a good chance to learn about the history of our city. A．how will I go to Fuzhou Museum B．how I will go Fuzhou Museum C．whether will I go to Fuzhou Museum D．whether I will go to Fuzhou Museum 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——宋老师，我还没有决定是否去福州博物馆。——我真心希望你能去参观。这是了解我们城市历史的好机会。 考查宾语从句。宾语从句需用陈述语序，排除A、C；B项中go为不及物动词，后接地点名词时应加介词to，即go to Fuzhou Museum，因此B项结构错误。根据答语“I really hope you will visit it.”可知，从句询问的是“是否去”，用whether引导。故选D。 12．Mum asked Lucy ________. A．if could they walk along this way B．which gate they could go C．which was the way to that street D．why to have a rest 【答案】C 【详解】句意：妈妈问露西哪条路是通往那条街的。 考查宾语从句的语序和结构。在宾语从句中，应使用陈述句语序，排除A；选项B中的go后缺少介词to，表达错误；选项D是“疑问词+动词不定式”结构，why后一般不接不定式，应用why引导的宾语从句，排除D。结合选项可知，只有C选项符合语境，句子是which引导的宾语从句，且是陈述语序。故选C。 13．Would you please tell me ? A．when has your father come back B．where your father would play tennis C．why your father didn’t watch the match D．if your father had seen the film 【答案】C 【详解】句意：你能告诉我你爸爸为什么没看比赛吗？ 考查宾语从句的语序。when has your father come back疑问句语序；where your father would play tennis陈述句语序；why your father didn’t watch the match陈述句语序；if your father had seen the film陈述句语序。宾语从句需用陈述语序，即主语在前，谓语在后；would play表过去将来，无对应语境；had seen是过去完成时，需有“过去的过去”的时间参照，本句无此逻辑；didn’t watch是一般过去时，陈述过去的事实，语序和时态均合理。故选C。 14．My mother asked me ______ the room every day and not ______ any mess in it. She said a clean room ______ people happy. A．to clean; to make; makes B．cleaning; making; makes C．to clean; making; made D．cleaning; to make; made 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我妈妈要求我每天打扫房间，并且不要在房间里弄乱任何东西。她说一个干净的房间让人快乐。 考查动词不定式和时态。ask后接动词不定式作宾语补足语，即 “ask sb. to do sth.”表示“让某人做某事”，故第一空用“to clean”；并列结构“and not”后需用不定式“to make”保持结构一致；第三空描述一般事实（干净房间使人快乐），用一般现在时“makes”。故选A。 15．The ________ documentary describes ________ in the future. A．two hours’; how will Shanghai be like B．two-hours; how Shanghai will be like C．two-hour; what Shanghai will be like D．two hour’s; what Shanghai will be like 【答案】C 【详解】句意：这部两小时的纪录片描述了上海未来会是什么样子。 考查复合形容词和宾语从句的用法。对于第一个空，表示时间长度修饰名词时，应使用带连字符的复合形容词（如two-hour），单位用单数形式；第二个空描述“会是什么样子”时，固定搭配为what+主语+will be like，宾语从句需用陈述语序，且be like需搭配what表示“像什么”。故选C。 16．I wonder ________ the idea to Jenny. A．if have you mentioned B．what have you mentioned C．if you have mentioned D．what you have mentioned 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我想知道你是否已经把这个想法告诉Jenny了。 考查宾语从句的语序和连词辨析。if have you mentioned你是否提到了，疑问句语序；what have you mentioned你提到了什么，疑问句语序；if you have mentioned你是否提到了，陈述句语序；what you have mentioned你提到了什么，陈述句语序。在宾语从句中，需使用陈述句语序，而非疑问句语序；根据句意，表达“是否”提到这个想法，应选用表示条件的连词if。故选C。 17．—May I come in? I’m sorry I’m late. —Come in, please. But could you tell me ________? A．how do you come to school B．what were you doing C．whom you came with D．why you are late 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——我可以进来吗？对不起，我迟到了。——请进来。但是你能告诉我你为什么迟到吗？ 考查宾语从句。how do you come to school你怎么来学校的，疑问语序；what were you doing你在做什么，疑问语序；whom you came with你和谁一起来的，陈述语序；why you are late你为什么迟到，陈述语序。根据“could you tell me...?”可知，空格处是宾语从句，应用陈述语序；结合“I’m late”可知，第一人迟到，第二人自然询问原因，用why引导宾语从句。故选D。 18．—Do you know when Jay ________ here tomorrow? —Sorry, I don’t know. But if he ________ here tomorrow, I’ll tell you at once. A．comes; comes B．comes; will come C．will come; will come D．will come; comes 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——你知道Jay明天什么时候会来这里吗？——对不起，我不知道。但如果他明天来这里，我会立刻告诉你。 考查宾语从句和条件状语从句的时态。第一空为宾语从句，主句“Do you know”是一般现在时，根据“tomorrow”可知，从句表示将来时间，需用一般将来时will come；第二空为if条件状语从句，表示将来条件时，需用一般现在时comes表示将来，即“主将从现”。故选D。 19．—Could you please tell me ________ the nearest bank is? —Sure, it’s on the second floor of the shopping mall. A．what B．how C．where D．when 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你能告诉我最近的银行在哪里吗？——当然，它在购物中心的二楼。 考查宾语从句的引导词。what什么；how如何；where在哪里；when何时。根据“Could you please tell me...the nearest bank is?”可知，空格处缺少宾语从句的引导词；结合答句“it’s on the second floor of the shopping mall”可知，询问的是地点信息，因此引导词应使用表示地点的“where”。故选C。 20．—Kate, I’m going to a party tonight. Could you please tell me ________? —With pleasure. Wait a moment, please. A．if the skirt looked nice on me B．what should I pay attention to C．that I should take some flowers D．whether I can order a taxi on the phone 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——凯特，我今晚要去参加一个派对。你能告诉我是否可以通过电话叫出租车吗？——乐意效劳，请稍等。 考查宾语从句。根据“Could you please tell me ...?”可知，此处为宾语从句，应用陈述语序，排除B项；主句“Could you please tell me”表示委婉语气，且结合“I’m going to a party tonight.”可知，从句表示的时态应为现在或将来的时态，A项中“if”引导的宾语从句应用一般现在时，而不是一般过去时，故排除；C项语义不合——说话人并非要求对方“告诉我我应该带花”，故排除；D项为陈述语序，且时态为一般现在时，内容合理 (去派对可能需要叫出租车，符合稍等的情境)。故选D。 拓展题（测试时间：15分钟） 1．—OK, what do you want to know? —I’m unsure ________. A．where is the way to the Palace Museum B．how many colors were there in a rainbow C．that the couple have been married for a long time D．if he has devoted himself to improving his study 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——好的，你想知道什么？——我不确定他是否致力于提升他的学习。 考查宾语从句。where is the way to the Palace Museum语句不通顺；how many colors were there in a rainbow彩虹中有多少种颜色，疑问语序；that the couple have been married for a long time这对夫妻已经结婚很长时间了，陈述语序；if he has devoted himself to improving his study他是否致力于提升他的学习，陈述语序。根据句意，空处的句子是宾语从句，从句应使用陈述句语序，故排除B项；C项为that引导的宾语从句，意为“这对夫妻已经结婚很长时间了”和主句意思不搭配，故排除；A项中引导词where有误，宾语从句的意思不通顺，由问句what do you want to know可知，想要知道的是他是否致力于提升他的学习，故选D。 2．—Can you tell me ________ at the time of the rainstorm? —Sorry, I don’t know. I wasn’t with him at that time. A．what your brother is doing B．what was your brother doing C．What did your brother do D．what your brother was doing 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——你能告诉我你哥哥在暴风雨时在做什么吗？——对不起，我不知道。那时我不在他身边。 考查宾语从句。根据“Can you tell me…at the time of the rainstorm?”可知，此处为宾语从句，应该使用陈述句语序，排除B和C选项；根据“at the time of the rainstorm”可知，动作发生在过去，应用过去进行时，排除A。故选D。 3．—I doubt if he ________ to the party with us tonight. What do you think? —I believe if he ________ his homework tonight, he will go with us. A．will go; will finish B．will go; finishes C．goes; finishes D．goes; will finish 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——我怀疑他今晚是否会和我们一起去参加晚会。你认为呢？ ——我相信如果他今晚完成作业，他会和我们一起去的。 考查动词时态。第一空，根据“I doubt if he … to the party with us tonight.”可知，此处是if“是否”引导宾语从句，从句中“tonight”为将来时间，句子时态应用一般将来时，排除C和D；第二空，根据“I believe if he…his homework tonight, he will go with us.”可知，此处是if“如果”引导条件状语从句，符合“主将从现”原则，主句为一般将来时，从句则用一般现在时；主语“he”为第三人称单数，谓语动词应用三单形式finishes，排除A。故选B。 4．Our teacher said the earth ________ round the sun. A．traveled B．travels C．travel D．travelling 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我们老师说地球绕着太阳转。 考查宾语从句的时态。根据“Our teacher said the earth...round the sun”可知，当宾语从句为客观事实时，宾语从句的时态应用一般现在时，地球绕着太阳转是客观事实，主语是名词单数“the earth”，谓语动词应用三单形式， travels符合语境。故选B。 5．Although the woman explained a lot, they still doubted ________. A．that she had nothing to do with it B．how could she find the main road finally C．why she has spent so much time D．if she would be chosen as the chief cook 【答案】D 【详解】句意：虽然这个女人解释了很多，但他们还是不能肯定她是否会被选为主厨。 考查宾语从句。that she had nothing to do with it她跟这事毫无关系，一般过去时；how could she find the main road finally语序错误；why she has spent so much time她为什么要花这么多时间，现在完成时；if she would be chosen as the chief cook她是否会被选为主厨，过去将来时。根据“they still doubted”可知，该句是含有宾语从句的复合句，应用陈述句语序，排除B项；再根据“doubted”可知，对从句的内容不确定，排除A项；且主句时态为一般过去时，从句要用相应的过去时态，C项时态不对。选项D符合题意。故选D。 6．Kate isn’t sure ________. A．how many times has he been to Beijing B．what the matter is with the computer C．which bus can take her to school D．which hotel she can live in Shanghai 【答案】C 【详解】句意：凯特不确定哪辆公交车可以带她去学校。 考查宾语从句。how many times has he been to Beijing他去过北京多少次；what the matter is with the computer错误表达，what’s the matter作宾语从句时，语序不变，排除B；which bus can take her to school哪辆公交车可以带她去学校；which hotel she can live in Shanghai她可以住上海的哪家酒店。宾语从句用陈述语序，排除A项；D选项in Shanghai作状语，但是live表示“居住”，hotel作其宾语时，需要live后面用介词搭配，正确的表达为“which hotel in Shanghai she can live in”。C项没有问题，故选C。 7．—Do you know ______? —Oh, he was short and thin, but he is different now. A．what he used to look like B．what did he use to look like C．what does he look like D．what he look like 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你知道他过去长什么样子吗？——哦，他过去又矮又瘦，但是现在不一样了。 考查宾语从句。根据答句“he was short and thin, but he is different now.”可知，上文询问的是过去的长相，故用used to表示“过去怎么样”，排除CD选项；根据问句，此处宾语从句应该用陈述语序，排除B选项。故选A。 8．The Chinese idiom “To rise with the rooster” tells us ________. A．what can we learn from the rooster B．that we can’t be too hard-working C．how we can be like the rooster D．why should we rise with the rooster 【答案】B 【详解】句意：中国成语“闻鸡起舞”告诉我们，再努力也不为过。 考查宾语从句和常识。空处为一个宾语从句，从句用陈述语序，排除A和D选项。结合常识可知，“闻鸡起舞”告诉我们的是再努力也不为过，故选B。 9．—I wonder _______. I am really worried about them. — They made it this morning. A．when did they reach the top of the mountain B．when they reached the top of the mountain C．how did they work out this problem D．how they worked out this problem 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——我想知道他们什么时候到达山顶的。我真的很担心他们。——他们今天早上到达的。 考查宾语从句。when did they reach the top of the moutain他们什么时候到达山顶的； when they reached the top of the mountain他们什么时候到达山顶的；how did they work out this problem他们如何解解决这个问题；how they worked out this problem他们如何解解决这个问题。宾语从句需用陈述语序，排除A、C选项；根据答句“They made it this morning”可知，询问的是“他们什么时候到达山顶的”，用when引导宾语从句，且时态为一般过去时。故选B。 10．—Excuse me, could you tell me ________? —Well, you may take Bus No. 27. A．when can I get to Beijing Zoo? B．when I can get to Beijing Zoo? C．how can I get to Beijing Zoo? D．how I can get to Beijing Zoo? 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——打扰一下，你能告诉我怎么去北京动物园吗？——嗯，你可以乘坐27路公交车。 考查宾语从句。when can I get to Beijing Zoo我什么时候可以去北京动物园，疑问语序；when I can get to Beijing Zoo我什么时候可以去北京动物园，陈述语序；how can I get to Beijing Zoo我怎么去北京动物园，疑问语序； how I can get to Beijing Zoo我怎么去北京动物园，陈述语序。分析句子结构可知，此处是宾语从句，应用陈述语序，且根据答句“you may take Bus No. 27.”可知，询问的是如何去某地，应用how引导宾语从句。故选D。 11．I want to know if she ________ the sports club. If she doesn’t join it, I________, either. A．will join; don’t B．will join; won’t C．joins; don’t D．joins; won’t 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我想知道她是否会加入运动俱乐部。如果她不参加，我也不会参加。 考查if引导的宾语从句和条件状语从句的时态。will join; don’t一般将来时和现在完成时；will join; won’t均为一般将来时；joins; don’t均为一般现在时；joins; won’t一般现在时和一般将来时。第一空为if 引导的是宾语从句，意为“是否”，用一般将来时will join，表达“她是否会参加”；第二空为if引导条件状语从句，意为“如果”，遵循“主将从现”原则，因此第二空填won’t。故选B。 12．The cat looked so cute that the kids asked their mother ________ they could keep it. A．if B．unless C．that D．which 【答案】A 【详解】句意：这只猫看起来很可爱，孩子们问妈妈是否可以收养它。 考查宾语从句的引导词。if是否；unless除非；that那个；which哪一个。句子中“they could keep it”是宾语从句，表示孩子们询问母亲是否可以养猫。需要一个表示询问的引导词，因此选择“if”，表示“是否”。故选A。 13．—Do you know if Mrs Li ________ to our party? —I think she will come if she ________ free time tomorrow. A．will come; has B．comes; has C．comes; will have D．will come; will have 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你知道李女士是否会来参加我们的聚会吗？——我觉得如果她明天有空闲时间，她就会来。   考查从句的时态。will come一般将来时；comes三单形式；has三单形式；will have一般将来时。根据“Do you know if...”可知，这里“if”引导宾语从句，意思是“是否”，从句时态要根据实际情况而定，这里问的是将来李女士会不会来参加聚会，所以第一空用一般将来时“will come”；根据“if she...free time tomorrow”可知，这里“if”引导条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”的原则，所以这里从句要用一般现在时，主语“she”是第三人称单数，动词要用第三人称单数形式，所以第二空用“has”。故选A。 14．They said that not only they but also the elder of the twins ________ good at calligraphy. A．was B．were C．is D．are 【答案】A 【详解】句意：他们说，不仅是他们，这对双胞胎中的年长者也擅长书法。 考查宾语从句的时态和主谓一致。根据“They said that not only they but also the elder of the twins... good at calligraphy.”可知，该句为主从复合句，主句谓语动词said，为一般过去时，宾语从句也应用过去的某种时态，故排除C和D；从句主语为not only they but also the elder of the twins，根据就近原则可知，谓语动词应该与the elder of the twins保持一致，因此谓语动词用单数形式，故选A。 15．I wonder if he ________ to the meeting tonight. If he’s absent ________ it, he’ll be punished. A．will come; from B．comes; for C．comes; from D．will come; to 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我想知道他今晚是否会来开会。如果他缺席，他会受到惩罚。 考查宾语从句的时态及介词用法。第一个空，if引导宾语从句，意为“是否”，主句时态为一般现在时，从句需要用相应时态，根据时间状语tonight可知，从句使用一般将来时will come；be absent from为固定搭配，意为“缺席……”。故选A。 16．—Do you know when he ________? —I’m not sure. I’ll call you when he ________. A．arrive; arrives B．reaches; reaches C．will reach; reaches D．will arrive; arrives 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——你知道他什么时候到达吗？——我不确定。当他到达时我会打电话给你。 考查宾语从句和时间状语从句的时态。arrive意为“到达”，是不及物动词，可单独使用；reach意为“到达”，是及物动词，后需接宾语，但句中无宾语，故用arrive。第一个空是宾语从句，表示将来动作，需用一般将来时（will arrive）；第二个空是时间状语从句，需用一般现在时（arrives）表示将来。故选D。 17．I never doubt ________ the song My Motherland and I is well worth ________. A．whether; listening B．if; listening to C．that; listening to D．that; listening 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我从不怀疑歌曲《我和我的祖国》非常值得听。 考查宾语从句引导词和worth的用法。根据“I never doubt...the song My Motherland and I is well worth...”可知，第一空，在否定句“never doubt”中，宾语从句引导词应用that；第二空，be worth doing是固定搭配，意为“值得做”；但listen是不及物动词，接宾语“the song”时需加介词to，即“listen to the song”，此处需用listening to。故选C。 18．Could you please tell me ________? A．why were you crying that day B．where you had gone C．where you have been these days D．when we would begin our meeting 【答案】C 【详解】句意：你能告诉我这些天你去哪里了吗？ 考查宾语从句。句子是宾语从句，应该用陈述语序，排除A选项；本句主句中的Could表示客气礼貌地提问，并不是过去式，所以主句的时态是一般现在时态。当主句是一般现在时的时候，遵循“主现从不限”，B、D选项是主句为一般过去时情况下的选择。故选C。 19．—Mr. Qian, I forget ________. —I saw it ________ under your desk when I passed your classroom. A．where did I lay my soccer ball; lie B．where I put my soccer ball; lay C．where I laid my soccer ball; lying D．where did I put my soccer ball; lied 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——钱先生，我忘了我把足球放在哪里了。——当我经过你的教室时，我看见它正躺在你的桌子下。 考查宾语从句的语序和lie的用法。where did I lay my soccer ball我把球放在哪儿了；where I put my soccer ball我把足球放在哪里了；where I laid my soccer ball我放足球的地方；where did I put my soccer ball我把足球放哪儿了；lie躺着，动词原形；lay躺下，过去式；lying躺着，现在分词； lied撒谎，过去式。根据题意可知，本句是where引导的宾语从句，宾语从句要求使用陈述句语序（主语+谓语），且see sth. doing sth.表示看见某物正在做某事，强调当时正在发生，根据“when I passed your classroom”可知用现在分词lying。故选C。 20．A report shows ________ teenagers need to devote more time ________ others. A．which; understanding B．whether; understanding C．that; to understand D．/; to understanding 【答案】D 【详解】句意：一份报告显示青少年需要投入更多时间理解他人。 考查宾语从句引导词和动词短语搭配。主句“A report shows”后接宾语从句，从句“teenagers need to devote more time to understanding others”为陈述事实，引导词“that”可省略。动词短语“devote time to”中“to”为介词，后需接动名词，因此“to understanding”正确。故选D。 3 / 3 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题02 宾语从句（期末复习讲义） 中考及模考重难点 宾语从句 单项选择 首字母填空 完形填空等 1.注重素养：更加注重对学生英语核心素养的考查。 2.情境化突出：借助生活、学校、社会等多种情境，将语法考察与实际生活相结合。 3.文化传承与价值导向明显：注重选取具有文化内涵和思想价值的语篇。 1.宾语从句的种类 宾语从句是一种名词性从句，在句中作及物动词的宾语，或介词的宾语，或形容词的宾语。根据引导宾语从句的不同连词，宾语从句可分为三类。 1.1. 由that引导的宾语从句。that只有语法作用，没有实在的意义，在口语和非正式文体中可以省略。 He said (that) he wanted to stay at home. 1.2. 由连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which和连接副词when, where, why, how引导的宾语从句。这些连接代词和连接副词在宾语从句中充当某个成分。 Do you know who (whom) they are waiting for? I don’t know why the train is late. 1.3. 由if或whether引导的宾语从句。if和whether在句中的意思是＂是否＂。 I want to know if (whether) he lives there. 2.宾语从句的语序 宾语从句的语序应为陈述句的语序，即按照主语、谓语的顺序。 2.1. 陈述句变为宾语从句，语序不变，即仍用陈述语序。 He is an honest boy. The teacher said. → The teacher said(that) he was an honest boy. 2.2. 一般疑问句和特殊疑问句变为宾语从句，语序变为陈述语序。 Does he work hard? I wonder. → I wonder if/whether he works hard. 3. 宾语从句主句与从句时态一致的问题。 3.1. 如果主句是现在的某种时态（包括一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成时），那么宾语从句的时态可根据实际情况而定。 3.2. 如果主句是过去的某种时态（包括一般过去时、过去进行时），那么宾语从句一定要用过去的某种时态（包括一般过去时、过去进行时、过去将来时、过去完成时）。 3.3. 如果宾语从句表示的是客观事实或真理，即使主句是过去时，从句也用一般现在时态。 4.宾语从句种类具体分述 4.1.that引导的宾语从句 that 是宾语从句的一个引导词，放在主句和从句之间。它引导的宾语从句由陈述句转化而来，故从句的语序不变。在that 引导的宾语从句中，that 作连接代词，无意义，在句中不作任何成分，在口语或非正式的文体中通常可以省略。 4.1.1.that 引导的宾语从句的用法 4.1.1.1. 位置：that 引导的宾语从句通常放在主句谓语动词（及物动词）、介词或形容词之后。 ①作及物动词，如：say，think，tell，know，hear，see，hope，wish，remember，forget等的宾语。如：　She says that she will help me learn English this evening. 她说今天晚上她会帮我学英语。 ②作介词的宾语：连词that引导的名词性从句很少作介词的宾语，只用在except，but，in之后。如： He is a good boy except that he is careless. 他是一个好男孩，只是有点儿粗心。 ③作＂be + 形容词＂结构的宾语。某些形容词或过去分词后常接宾语从句，如：sure，glad，certain，pleased，sorry，happy，afraid等，连词that可省略。如：I’m happy (that) I passed the exam. 我很高兴我通过了考试。 4.1.1.2. 时态：主句的谓语动词是一般现在时，从句的谓语动词可根据具体情况选用适当的时态；主句的谓语动词是一般过去时，从句中也必须用过去的某种时态。试比较： He says that he wants to see him as soon as possible. 他说他想尽快见到他。 He said that he wanted to see him as soon as possible. 他说他想尽快见到他。 【特别提醒】 当主句是一般过去时，而宾语从句的内容表示的是客观真理、事实、科学原理、自然现象、名言警句、格言、谚语等时，此时宾语从句用一般现在时，这些情况下不受主句时态的限制。如： The teacher told us that the earth goes round the sun. 老师告诉我们地球围绕着太阳转。 4.1.1.3. 引导词that可以省略的几种情况： 引导宾语从句的连词that通常可以省略： She said (that) she would come to the meeting. 她说过要来开会的。 I promise you (that) I will be there. 我答应你我会去的。 4.1.1.4. 引导词that不能省略的几种情况： that在引导宾语从句时，并不是在任何情况下都可以省略，在以下几种情况下，that不能省略。 ①从句的主语是that时，that不能省略； We know that is an interesting film. 我们知道那是一部有趣的电影。 ②and连接的两个表示陈述意义的宾语从句并列时，有时省去第一个从句的连词that，但第二个从句的连词that一般不可以省略。如：He told me (that) they could not decide what to do and that they asked my advice. 他告诉我他们决定不了去做什么并且问了我的意见。 ③that引导的宾语从句作介词宾语时，that不能省略。 如：I know nothing about him except that he is from the south. 对他我一无所知，只知道他是南方人。 4.1.1.5. 如果宾语从句后还有宾语补足语，则用it作形式宾语，而将宾语从句后置。 如：We thought it strange that Xiao Zhang did not come yesterday. 小张昨天没来，我们觉得很奇怪。 4.1.1.6. 宾语从句的否定转移。 在think，believe，suppose，expect等动词后的宾语从句，当主句的主语是第一人称时，谓语尽管是否定的意思，却不用否定形式，而将think等动词变为否定形式，英语称这种现象为否定转移。 I don’t think he is right, is he? 我认为他不对，是吗？ He thinks I can come, doesn’t he? 他认为我能来，是不是？ 4.1.1.7. 如果宾语从句中含有否定意义的副词或形容词。如：hardly，never，seldom，no，few，little等，其反意疑问句要用肯定形式。如： We find that he seldom goes to visit his mother, does he? 我们发现他不常看望他的妈妈，是吗？ 4.1.1.8. that引导的宾语从句变成被动语态时，只变主句，不变从句。实际上，我们经常把It is said that ...（据说……）；It is known that ...（众所周知……）；It is reported that ...（据报告……）等当作固定句式来运用。如：It is said that he is from Canada. 据说他来自加拿大。 4.2.疑问词引导的宾语从句 特殊疑问句作宾语从句时，由疑问词 when, who, what, where, whatever, how，which, why等引导。宾语从句的词序一律用陈述句的词序，即＂主语+谓语＂词序。 ①带有系动词be（is，am，are，was,were)的特殊疑问句。 主句 宾语从句 Do you know how old Liz is? 你知道兹几岁吗? I know how old Liz is. 我知道莉兹几岁。 I don’t know how old Liz is. 我不知道莉兹几岁。 宾语从句＂how old Liz is＂是主句动词know的宾语。how在从句中作副词。注意从句的顺序，主语在动词前（Liz is)。 ②带有（情态）助动词is/am/are/have/has/can/should等的特殊疑问句 When is Ann going to lran? 安什么时候去伊朗？ → Do you know when Ann is going to lran? 你知道安什么时候去伊朗吗？ → I don’t know when Ann is going to lran. 我不知道安什么时候去伊朗。 What should I do? 我该怎么办？ → Can you tell me what I should do? 你能告诉我，我该怎么办吗？ → Please tell me what I should do. 请告诉我，我该怎么办。 Where has Ron gone? 朗去了哪里？ → Do you know where Ron has gone? 你知道朗去了哪里吗？ → I don’t know where Ron has gone. 我不知道朗去了哪里。 ③带有助动词do/does/did的特殊疑问句。 Where did I put my wedding ring? 我把我的结婚戒指放在哪里了？ → Do you know where I put my wedding ring? 你知道我把我的结婚戒指放在哪里了吗？ → I don’t remember where I put my wedding ring. 我不记得我把我的结婚戒指放在哪里了。 What does Sue think about Lulu? 苏对露露的看法是什么？ → Do you know what Sue thinks about Lulu? 你知道苏对露露的看法是什么吗？ → I know what Sue thinks about Lulu. 我知道苏对露露的看法是什么。 注意： （1）由于宾语从句要求陈述句语序，故而在从句中它变成了陈述语序。请看下列两组句子： How much does this coat cost? → I want to know how much this coat costs. Where did you go yesterday? → Please tell me where you went yesterday. （2）当疑问代词what、who在特殊疑问句中作主语时，该特殊疑问句本身就是陈述句语序，所以当该句用来作宾语时，语序不需要调整。 What’s wrong with you? 怎么了？ → He asked the girl what was wrong with her. What’s the matter? 怎么了？→ He asked the girl what was the matter. What has happened to him?→ We want to know what has happened to him. 4.3.if/whether引导的宾语从句 当从句部分是一般疑问句或选择疑问句时，常用if或whether引导宾语从句，if/whether意为＂是否＂。说明对陈述的事物不明确或不清楚。常用在see，ask，say，learn，tell，wonder，doubt，find out，be uncertain /doubtful / be not known 等后，二者通常可以互换。口语中多用if代替whether。在非正式的写作中，可以使用if 或 whether 两个词来表达不定性，两者都算标准。 I wonder if/whether he is a driver. 我想知道他是不是个司机。 Alice wants to know if/whether she has passed the exam. 爱丽丝想知道她是否考试及格了。 【即时检测】 1．—If I am curious about Taizhou’s local culture, could you tell me ________? —Taizhou Museum would be a wonderful place. A．where can I travel B．which place my first choice is C．how I can go to Taizhou Museum D．if Taizhou Museum would be a wonderful place to visit 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——如果我对泰州的地方文化很好奇，你能告诉我我的第一选择是哪里吗？——泰州博物馆是个不错的地方。 考查宾语从句。宾语从句用陈述语序，排除A选项；根据“Taizhou Museum would be a wonderful place.”可知，是问自己可以去哪里学习泰州的地方文化，B选项“我的第一选择是哪里”符合语境，故选B。 2．—Can you tell me _________? —Go along the road. Take the fourth turning on the left. It’s down that road on the right. A．how can I get to the library B．which is the way to the library C．How long it takes to get to the library D．how many books I can borrow in the library 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你能告诉我去图书馆走哪条路吗？——沿着这条路走。在第四个路口向左拐。就在那条路的右边。 考查宾语从句。根据“Go along the road. Take the fourth turning on the left. It’s down that road on the right.”，可知在问路怎么走，排除CD；根据“Can you tell me…”可知原句是宾语从句，从句应用陈述语序，排除A。故选B。 基础题（测试时间：10分钟） 1．—Mum, do you know ________? An engineer. —That’s interesting. I guess you often fix things for others in your school. A．what do my classmates call me B．how my classmates call me C．why do my classmates call me D．what my classmates call me 2．—I don’t know ________ I can improve my English writing. —You can keep a diary in English every day. A．when B．why C．how D．where 3．The teacher told us that light ________ faster than sound. A．travel B．travels C．travelled D．travelling 4．When my friend saw my new Labubu, she was so curious that I decided to tell her ________. A．where did I buy it B．where I bought it C．where I buy it D．where do I buy it 5．—Could you please tell me ______ in Guanyi Middle School? —Of course. Next Monday and Tuesday. A．when will the sports meeting take place B．where will the sports meeting take place C．when the sports meeting will take place D．where the sports meeting will take place 6．—This article is too hard to understand. I wonder ________. —Maybe you can turn to Mr. Wu. He reads a lot and is always ready to help. A．who I can ask for help B．why can I ask for help C．when I can ask for help D．where can I ask for help 7．Which of the following sentences has an object clause? A．Whenever Tony talks about basketball, he gets excited. B．Some people believe that colors can influence our moods. C．Amy is such a good storyteller that she could write exciting scripts. D．Mrs Green who has lots of teaching experience will join our school. 8．—Li Yan is worried about her father who has joined an international medical team in Africa. —What a hero! I wonder ________. A．how long has he been in Africa B．that he has been to Africa before C．when he will go to Africa D．how soon he’ll return from Africa 9．Why didn’t you tell your parents ________ you thought of their holiday plan for you? A．that B．what C．how D．whether 10．— Do you know ________? — I’m not sure. Maybe next year. A．if Dongying High-speed Train Station will be built B．where Dongying High-speed Train Station will be built C．when we will build Dongying High-speed Train Station D．why the government decided to build Dongying High-speed Train Station 11．He bet me fifty yuan ________ he could finish his homework in half an hour. A．which B．what C．that D．when 12．—I wonder ________. —The egg. Scientists from Switzerland believe so. A．how long the egg has been in the world B．which came first, the egg or the chicken C．whether you like the egg and the chicken D．when scientists started to study the chicken 13．—Do you remember ________? —Sure. On the morning of May Day. A．how we got to the Tianjin Eye B．how long did we get to the Tianjin Eye C．when we got to the Tianjin Eye D．when did we get to the Tianjin Eye 14．—Many young people like keeping pet stones. I wonder ________. —Because it allows people to show off their creativity by dressing up their own pet stones. A．what the activity means B．what does the activity mean C．why the activity is popular D．why is the activity popular 15．—Would you please tell me ? —They’re Miss White’s. A．when the robots were bought B．why the robots were made C．which city the robots were taken to D．who the robots belong to 16．—How long does it take to get to the airport? —Half an hour. But it’s foggy today. I am not sure ________ the highway will be closed soon. A．when B．whether C．why D．where 17．Excuse me, do you know ________? A．what can I buy some flowers B．where I can buy some flowers C．what I can buy some flowers D．where can I buy some flowers 18．—Dad, could you tell me ________? —Next Sunday, dear. We can invite some of your friends. A．where will we have a picnic B．where we will have a picnic C．when we will have a picnic D．when will we have a picnic 19．—Can you tell me ________? —Sure. He lives on Center Street. A．where does he live B．where he lives C．why he lives there D．what he does 20．—What are you doing, Billy? —I am searching for some information about the Super Blue Blood Moon. I wonder _______. A．how long does it last B．that it will appear next time C．why does it look red D．whether it represents something lucky 提升题（测试时间：10分钟） 1．Do you know ________? A．which room she lives B．which room does she live in C．which room she lives in D．where she lives in 2．Mike doesn’t care about ________ he can make much money. He just works for fun. A．which B．whether C．what D．how much 3．—The Jiangsu Football City League was such a great success. — Sure, it shows ________ sports can bring people together, improve city image and even help the local economy. A．when B．where C．if D．how 4．—The exchange students want to know ______ to celebrate the Lidong. —People in the north often eat Jiaozi and those in the south prefer Tangtuan. A．what kind of food we usually eat B．why people prepare special meals C．when families get together for dinner D．how important the festival is to us 5．—Dale, could you please tell me ________ when I meet someone for the first time? —Why not ________ your new teacher? A．what am I supposed to do ; to ask B．why am I supposed to do; to ask C．what I am supposed to do; ask D．why I am supposed to do; ask 6．—What did Jenny say to you just now? —She wanted to know _______. A．when will we have the art festival B．who broke the window of the classroom C．if our sports meeting will be put off D．where did I go for a picnic 7．Tom, do you know ________ the art festival? I can’t wait to get started. A．where will we hold B．how we will hold C．when will we hold D．when we will hold 8．— Miss Song, I haven’t decided ________. —I really hope you will visit it. It’s a good chance to learn about the history of our city. A．how will I go to Anhui Museum B．how I will go to Anhui Museum C．whether will I go to Anhui Museum D．whether I will go to Anhui Museum 9．—What’s wrong with the dog? —We’re sure ________ something is wrong with it, but we doubt ________ the disease can kill it. A．if; whether B．that; that C．whether; if D．that; whether 10．The sea lion is usually considered a friendly animal. Everyone wonders ________. A．why does this sea lion go crazy B．where did the sea lion run away C．what happened to the sea lion and the girl D．that the sea lion is sent into the Animal Centre 11．—Miss Song, I haven’t decided ________. —I really hope you will visit it. It’s a good chance to learn about the history of our city. A．how will I go to Fuzhou Museum B．how I will go Fuzhou Museum C．whether will I go to Fuzhou Museum D．whether I will go to Fuzhou Museum 12．Mum asked Lucy ________. A．if could they walk along this way B．which gate they could go C．which was the way to that street D．why to have a rest 13．Would you please tell me ? A．when has your father come back B．where your father would play tennis C．why your father didn’t watch the match D．if your father had seen the film 14．My mother asked me ______ the room every day and not ______ any mess in it. She said a clean room ______ people happy. A．to clean; to make; makes B．cleaning; making; makes C．to clean; making; made D．cleaning; to make; made 15．The ________ documentary describes ________ in the future. A．two hours’; how will Shanghai be like B．two-hours; how Shanghai will be like C．two-hour; what Shanghai will be like D．two hour’s; what Shanghai will be like 16．I wonder ________ the idea to Jenny. A．if have you mentioned B．what have you mentioned C．if you have mentioned D．what you have mentioned 17．—May I come in? I’m sorry I’m late. —Come in, please. But could you tell me ________? A．how do you come to school B．what were you doing C．whom you came with D．why you are late 18．—Do you know when Jay ________ here tomorrow? —Sorry, I don’t know. But if he ________ here tomorrow, I’ll tell you at once. A．comes; comes B．comes; will come C．will come; will come D．will come; comes 19．—Could you please tell me ________ the nearest bank is? —Sure, it’s on the second floor of the shopping mall. A．what B．how C．where D．when 20．—Kate, I’m going to a party tonight. Could you please tell me ________? —With pleasure. Wait a moment, please. A．if the skirt looked nice on me B．what should I pay attention to C．that I should take some flowers D．whether I can order a taxi on the phone 拓展题（测试时间：15分钟） 1．—OK, what do you want to know? —I’m unsure ________. A．where is the way to the Palace Museum B．how many colors were there in a rainbow C．that the couple have been married for a long time D．if he has devoted himself to improving his study 2．—Can you tell me ________ at the time of the rainstorm? —Sorry, I don’t know. I wasn’t with him at that time. A．what your brother is doing B．what was your brother doing C．What did your brother do D．what your brother was doing 3．—I doubt if he ________ to the party with us tonight. What do you think? —I believe if he ________ his homework tonight, he will go with us. A．will go; will finish B．will go; finishes C．goes; finishes D．goes; will finish 4．Our teacher said the earth ________ round the sun. A．traveled B．travels C．travel D．travelling 5．Although the woman explained a lot, they still doubted ________. A．that she had nothing to do with it B．how could she find the main road finally C．why she has spent so much time D．if she would be chosen as the chief cook 6．Kate isn’t sure ________. A．how many times has he been to Beijing B．what the matter is with the computer C．which bus can take her to school D．which hotel she can live in Shanghai 7．—Do you know ______? —Oh, he was short and thin, but he is different now. A．what he used to look like B．what did he use to look like C．what does he look like D．what he look like 8．The Chinese idiom “To rise with the rooster” tells us ________. A．what can we learn from the rooster B．that we can’t be too hard-working C．how we can be like the rooster D．why should we rise with the rooster 9．—I wonder _______. I am really worried about them. — They made it this morning. A．when did they reach the top of the mountain B．when they reached the top of the mountain C．how did they work out this problem D．how they worked out this problem 10．—Excuse me, could you tell me ________? —Well, you may take Bus No. 27. A．when can I get to Beijing Zoo? B．when I can get to Beijing Zoo? C．how can I get to Beijing Zoo? D．how I can get to Beijing Zoo? 11．I want to know if she ________ the sports club. If she doesn’t join it, I________, either. A．will join; don’t B．will join; won’t C．joins; don’t D．joins; won’t 12．The cat looked so cute that the kids asked their mother ________ they could keep it. A．if B．unless C．that D．which 13．—Do you know if Mrs Li ________ to our party? —I think she will come if she ________ free time tomorrow. A．will come; has B．comes; has C．comes; will have D．will come; will have 14．They said that not only they but also the elder of the twins ________ good at calligraphy. A．was B．were C．is D．are 15．I wonder if he ________ to the meeting tonight. If he’s absent ________ it, he’ll be punished. A．will come; from B．comes; for C．comes; from D．will come; to 16．—Do you know when he ________? —I’m not sure. I’ll call you when he ________. A．arrive; arrives B．reaches; reaches C．will reach; reaches D．will arrive; arrives 17．I never doubt ________ the song My Motherland and I is well worth ________. A．whether; listening B．if; listening to C．that; listening to D．that; listening 18．Could you please tell me ________? A．why were you crying that day B．where you had gone C．where you have been these days D．when we would begin our meeting 19．—Mr. Qian, I forget ________. —I saw it ________ under your desk when I passed your classroom. A．where did I lay my soccer ball; lie B．where I put my soccer ball; lay C．where I laid my soccer ball; lying D．where did I put my soccer ball; lied 20．A report shows ________ teenagers need to devote more time ________ others. A．which; understanding B．whether; understanding C．that; to understand D．/; to understanding 3 / 3 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $