专题01 定语从句（期末复习讲义）九年级英语上学期牛津上海版

该初中英语定语从句期末复习讲义通过分类梳理和表格工具构建知识体系，涵盖关系代词与关系副词用法、限制性与非限制性定语从句分类及易错点。用表格清晰呈现关系代词在指人/指物时作主语、宾语、定语的具体用法，通过对比明确不同从句的语法特征，突出重难点分布与内在联系。 讲义亮点在于分层练习设计，基础题夯实基础（如“the office ______ was locked”），提升题深化理解（如含抽象地点名词的定语从句），拓展题综合运用（如含介词的关系代词选择）。结合微信、哪吒电影等情境化语料，培养语言运用能力与文化意识，易错提醒帮助学生规避常见错误，支持教师实施分层教学，助力学生自主复习与能力提升。

专题01 定语从句（期末复习讲义） 单元 语法点 常考题型 命题趋势 中考及模考难点 定语从句 单项选择 首字母填空 完形填空等 1.注重素养：更加注重对学生英语核心素养的考查。 2.情境化突出：借助生活、学校、社会等多种情境，将语法考察与实际生活相结合。 3.文化传承与价值导向明显：注重选取具有文化内涵和思想价值的语篇。 1.关系代词引导的定语从句 1.1.定语从句的关系词 引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词和关系副词，常见的关系代词包括that， which， who（宾格whom，所有格whose）等，关系副词包括where， when， why等。关系代词和关系副词放在先行词及定语从句之间起连接作用，同时又作定语从句的重要成分。 1.2. 定语从句的分类 根据定语从句与先行词的关系，定语从句可分为限制性定语从句及非限制性定语从句。限制性定语从句紧跟先行词，主句与从句不用逗号分开，从句不可省去，非限制性定语从句主句与从句之间有逗号分开，起补充说明作用，如省去，意思仍完整。 1.3.关系代词的基本用法 作主语 作宾语 作定语 指人 who/that who/whom/that/省略 whose 指物 which/that which/that/省略 1.3.1. 当关系代词在从句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词要与先行词保持主谓一致。 He is one of the boys who like playing basketball. 他是喜欢打篮球的男孩子之一。 He is the one of the boys who likes playing basketball. 他就是那个喜欢打篮球的男孩子。 1.3.2. 通常在以下六种情况下只能用that而不能用which： （1）先行词为all，much，something，everything，nothing，little，none，the one等代词时。 （2）先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰，或本身是序数词、基数词、形容词最高级时，只能用that，而不用which.。 （3）以who或which引导的特殊疑问句，为避免重复，只能用that。 （4）先行词被the only， the very， the same， the last， little， few 等词修饰时，只能用that，而不用which。 （5）先行词里同时含有人或物时，只能用that，而不用which。 （6）先行词在主句中作表语，或关系代词在从句中作表语时。 （7）主句是there be 结构，修饰主语的定语从句用that，而不用which。 1.3.3. 关系词只能用which，而不用that的情况： （1）先行词为that， those时，用which，而不用that。 （2）关系代词前有介词时，一般用which，而不用that。 （3）引导非限制性定语从句，用which，而不用that。 2.关系副词引导的定语从句 2.1.关系副词的基本用法 2.1.1. when在句中作状语，表示时间。 He remembers the day when he joined the League. 他记得他入团那天。 2.1.2. where在句中作状语，表示地点。 This is the place where Lu Xun was born. 这就是鲁迅出生的地方。 2.1.3. why在句中作状语，表示原因。 This is the reason why he is late today. 这就是他今天迟到的原因。 【易错提醒1】 1. 当先行词为地点名词时，如果关系词在从句中作主语或宾语，则用that或which引导。如： ☛This is the house which/that was built by my grandfather forty years ago. 这是我爷爷在40年前建造的房子。（定语从句中缺少主语，所以要用which/that，而不用where） 2. 当position，point，case，stage，situation，atmosphere等表示抽象地点的名词充当先行词时，若定语从句中缺少状语，则用where来引导。如： ☛It’s helpful to put children in a situation where they can see themselves differently. 把孩子们放在一个能够让他们从不同角度看待自己的环境中对他们很有帮助。 3. 关系副词why指原因，代替先行词并在定语从句中作原因状语，其先行词一般是reason。 ☛Is this the reason why (for which) he refused our help? 这是他拒绝我们帮助的理由吗？ 【易错提醒2】 当先行词是时间名词时，既可以用when引导定语从句，也可以用that或which引导定语从句，关键要看关系词在从句中作何种成分。若关系词在定语从句中充当状语，用when引导；若关系词在从句中充当主语或宾语，则用that或which引导。如： ☛Do you remember the days when we chatted with each other all night? 你还记得我们整夜聊天的那些日子吗？（when在从句中作状语） ☛Do you remember the days that/which we spent together on the farm? 你还记得我们在农场一起度过的那些日子吗？（that或which作spent的宾语） 【即时检测】 1．Our parents often talk about the people and the things ________ they can remember in their middle school. A．who B．whom C．which D．that 2．—WeChat is an invention ________ can help people share photos, ideas and feelings freely. —I think it’s very useful in our life. A．which B．whom C．where D．whose 3．We are interested in the people and places ________ he described in his letter. A．which B．who C．that D．where 基础题（测试时间：10分钟） 1．Without the keys, the manager had to wait in front of the office __________ was locked ten minutes ago. A．who B．which C．/ D．whom 2．I’ll never forget the days ________ we spent together five years ago. A．which B．when C．where D．how 3．Tommy said he was the only person ________ I could trust in this town. A．which B．that C．whose D．how 4．This is the village ________ I spent my happy childhood. A．which B．when C．where D．who 5．—What can we do for the left-home children _____ need help? —We could help them with their study online on weekends. A．which B．who C．whom D．whose 6．—Have you heard of the basketball team ________ won the match yesterday? —Of course, it’s my favorite basketball team—Warriors. A．whose B．which C．who D．how 7．—Do you know the artist ________ designed the logo for the national tourism festival? —Yes, he is a young man from Suzhou. A．who B．which C．whose D．whom 8．People _______ have eye problems can come to the hospital. A．who B．which C．what D．where 9．I like the music ________ I can dance to. A．which B．who C．whose D．where 10．I will remember the important people ________ helped and supported me forever. A．who B．what C．why D．when 11．Studying in groups is a popular way ________ can develop students’ abilities. A．which B．what C．who D．whom 12．—Have you read the story Havoc in Heaven? —Of course! It is the most exciting story ________ I have ever read. A．that B．which C．what D．who 13．You can ask someone _________ knows the answer to the question. A．who B．whom C．which D．what 14．The woman ________ came to our party with a gift is my teacher. A．which B．whose C．who D．whom 15．—What are you looking for, Linda? —I’m looking for the book ________ you lent to me last week. A．who B．whom C．when D．that 16．He lost a bike ________ cost him 60 dollars. A．who B．whom C．that D．where 17．—I want to enter the English speech competition, but I think it’s difficult to achieve success in the end. —Don’t worry. Nothing is difficult to the man ________ will try. A．whose B．who C．what D．which 18．I still remember the college and the teachers ________ I visited in London years ago. A．what B．who C．which D．that 19．The book ________ I borrowed from the library yesterday is about the history of space exploration. A．who B．what C．which D．where 20．—What kind of groups does your daughter like? —She likes groups that _________ quiet and slow music. A．play B．plays C．played D．playing 提升题（测试时间：10分钟） 1．I still remember the day ________ I first came to this school. A．when B．where C．which D．that 2．The movie Ne Zha ________ has a unique plot (情节独特) and vivid characters (人物形象鲜明生动), has won the love of a large number of audiences both at home and abroad. A．whom B．who C．where D．which 3．The Xiaomi Su7 Ultra, _________ uses advanced battery technology, has a range of 800 kilometers. A．which B．who C．what D．where 4．I prefer movies that ________ exciting and inspiring stones like Ne Zha 2. A．have B．has C．had D．having 5．—What kind of movies do you like? —I prefer movies ________ give me something to think about. A．that B．who C．what D．/ 6．Teenagers shouldn’t buy too many shoes and clothes ________ prices go ________ their parents’ ability to pay. A．who, above B．whose, beyond C．whose, over D．who, behind 7．Nanjing is a city ________ attracts a lot of people. A．where B．which C．why D．how 8．I didn’t see the man ________ stole my handbag clearly. A．which B．when C．where D．who 9．Sorry, we don’t have the coat ________ you need. A．what B．who C．whom D．which 10．Don’t care those ________ laugh at you. Pay more attention to improving yourself. A．who B．whom C．which D．what 11．Kua Fu Runs After the Sun is a story ________ shows how much ancient people wanted to know about the world. A．which B．who C．what D．whose 12．I will never forget those ________ have helped me along the way. A．who B．what C．which D．whom 13．She still remembers the day ________ she first walked into the high-school classroom, ________ left a deep impression on her. A．when; which B．which; that C．that; when D．when; who 14．We’ll never forget those ________ lost their lives for our country. A．who B．which C．whom D．whose 15．If we study hard with big dreams, there is nothing ________ can’t be achieved. A．who B．that C．whom D．which 16．Li Ming says he loves singers ________ their own music. A．whom writes B．that writes C．whose write D．who write 17．This is the first birthday gift ________ I received. I’ve kept it for many years. A．who B．what C．that D．which 18．Which of the following sentences has a defining relative clause? A．Mary likes music that is quiet and gentle. B．Lucy is such a lovely girl that everyone in her class loves her. C．I don’t know who is playing the piano next door. D．Don’t miss the programme if you like classical music. 19．Life is a long race ________ we fight against all the difficulties to realize our dreams. A．when B．which C．how D．where 20．I wonder who knows the name of the girl ________ father works in Dongying Railway Station. A．which B．that C．whose D．who 拓展题（测试时间：15分钟） 1．On the top of the hill ________ an ancient tower ________ was built 500 years ago. A．standing; that B．stood; which C．lay; / D．lied; / 2．—Do you know the man ________ visited the Charity School? —Yes. He is Mr. Li. It is said that it was his ________ visit to the school. A．who; the fifth B．that; the fifth C．/; fifth D．who; fifth 3．I went to talk with Nancy and was surprised by her words ________ made me realize ________ silly mistakes I had made. A．what; which B．which; what C．which; which D．what; what 4．Have you found the information about the headmaster called Zhang Guimei in Yunnan ________ you can use for your report? A．who B．how C．which D．where 5．China is ________ the US’ action on TikTok. “A lot of risks ________ are pointed out are not true at all.” said Chew（周受资）, the CFO of ByteDance. A．against; that B．for; which C．against; who D．for; that 6．—Could you please have your hair cut as soon as possible? —Why? I like my hairstyle ________ it is now. A．since B．as C．unless D．when 7．—Why are you so worried? —Because I’ve lost the watch ________ my dad bought for me on my birthday. A．whom B．who C．whose D．that 8．We’ll buy the cow ________ the farmer raised on his farm. A．who B．what C．which D．when 9．Facebook boss Mark Zuckerberg announced his plan to build an online world ________ people can game, work and communicate. A．that B．which C．what D．where 10．Many young people, most of ________ were well-educated, headed for remote regions ________ their dreams. A．them, chasing B．whom; to chase C．who; chased D．whoever; chase 11．Qatar is the first country in the Middle East ________ holds the World Cup. A．what B．which C．that D．where 12．“Underground” is the only word in the English language ________ begins and ends with the letters “und”. A．what B．that C．when D．which 13．—Do you like the weekly talk show, The Reader, on CCTV? —Sure. It’s a great TV program ________ brings the habit of reading back into the public. A．who B．that C．what D．/ 14．This is the only film ________ I’ve long wished to see. A．which B．that C．who D．whom 15．Can you lend me the book ________ the other day? A．about which you talked B．which you talked C．about that you talked D．that you talked 16．New York is the state ________ Donald John Trump was born in. A．when B．where C．who D．which 17．I like to visit a place ___________ history is long. A．which B．whose C．that D．where 18．Mr. Lee is the only doctor ________ we can turn to at present. A．who B．what C．which D．that 19．—Do you know ________ Shenzhou-21 was sent into space successfully on Oct 31st, 2025? —Of course. Some students from our school ________ watched its launch are still so excited. A．that; whom B．which; who C．which; whom D．that; who 20．Which of the following sentences has a clause (从句) different from the others? A．I often doubt whether it is worth spending so much time on schoolwork. B．I have no idea who is the suspect of this case. C．This is the first film that the young actor has acted in. D．He was sure that he had no one to depend on but himself at that time. 3 / 3 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题01 定语从句（期末复习讲义） 单元 语法点 常考题型 命题趋势 中考及模考难点 定语从句 单项选择 首字母填空 完形填空等 1.注重素养：更加注重对学生英语核心素养的考查。 2.情境化突出：借助生活、学校、社会等多种情境，将语法考察与实际生活相结合。 3.文化传承与价值导向明显：注重选取具有文化内涵和思想价值的语篇。 1.关系代词引导的定语从句 1.1.定语从句的关系词 引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词和关系副词，常见的关系代词包括that， which， who（宾格whom，所有格whose）等，关系副词包括where， when， why等。关系代词和关系副词放在先行词及定语从句之间起连接作用，同时又作定语从句的重要成分。 1.2. 定语从句的分类 根据定语从句与先行词的关系，定语从句可分为限制性定语从句及非限制性定语从句。限制性定语从句紧跟先行词，主句与从句不用逗号分开，从句不可省去，非限制性定语从句主句与从句之间有逗号分开，起补充说明作用，如省去，意思仍完整。 1.3.关系代词的基本用法 作主语 作宾语 作定语 指人 who/that who/whom/that/省略 whose 指物 which/that which/that/省略 1.3.1. 当关系代词在从句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词要与先行词保持主谓一致。 He is one of the boys who like playing basketball. 他是喜欢打篮球的男孩子之一。 He is the one of the boys who likes playing basketball. 他就是那个喜欢打篮球的男孩子。 1.3.2. 通常在以下六种情况下只能用that而不能用which： （1）先行词为all，much，something，everything，nothing，little，none，the one等代词时。 （2）先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰，或本身是序数词、基数词、形容词最高级时，只能用that，而不用which.。 （3）以who或which引导的特殊疑问句，为避免重复，只能用that。 （4）先行词被the only， the very， the same， the last， little， few 等词修饰时，只能用that，而不用which。 （5）先行词里同时含有人或物时，只能用that，而不用which。 （6）先行词在主句中作表语，或关系代词在从句中作表语时。 （7）主句是there be 结构，修饰主语的定语从句用that，而不用which。 1.3.3. 关系词只能用which，而不用that的情况： （1）先行词为that， those时，用which，而不用that。 （2）关系代词前有介词时，一般用which，而不用that。 （3）引导非限制性定语从句，用which，而不用that。 2.关系副词引导的定语从句 2.1.关系副词的基本用法 2.1.1. when在句中作状语，表示时间。 He remembers the day when he joined the League. 他记得他入团那天。 2.1.2. where在句中作状语，表示地点。 This is the place where Lu Xun was born. 这就是鲁迅出生的地方。 2.1.3. why在句中作状语，表示原因。 This is the reason why he is late today. 这就是他今天迟到的原因。 【易错提醒1】 1. 当先行词为地点名词时，如果关系词在从句中作主语或宾语，则用that或which引导。如： ☛This is the house which/that was built by my grandfather forty years ago. 这是我爷爷在40年前建造的房子。（定语从句中缺少主语，所以要用which/that，而不用where） 2. 当position，point，case，stage，situation，atmosphere等表示抽象地点的名词充当先行词时，若定语从句中缺少状语，则用where来引导。如： ☛It’s helpful to put children in a situation where they can see themselves differently. 把孩子们放在一个能够让他们从不同角度看待自己的环境中对他们很有帮助。 3. 关系副词why指原因，代替先行词并在定语从句中作原因状语，其先行词一般是reason。 ☛Is this the reason why (for which) he refused our help? 这是他拒绝我们帮助的理由吗？ 【易错提醒2】 当先行词是时间名词时，既可以用when引导定语从句，也可以用that或which引导定语从句，关键要看关系词在从句中作何种成分。若关系词在定语从句中充当状语，用when引导；若关系词在从句中充当主语或宾语，则用that或which引导。如： ☛Do you remember the days when we chatted with each other all night? 你还记得我们整夜聊天的那些日子吗？（when在从句中作状语） ☛Do you remember the days that/which we spent together on the farm? 你还记得我们在农场一起度过的那些日子吗？（that或which作spent的宾语） 【即时检测】 1．Our parents often talk about the people and the things ________ they can remember in their middle school. A．who B．whom C．which D．that 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我们的父母经常谈论他们在中学时期记得的人和事。 考查定语从句。who谁，先行词指人；whom谁，引导定语从句时，在从句中作宾语，先行词指人；which哪一个，先行词指物；that那个，先行词指人或物。先行词是“the people and the things”，表示“人和事”，包含“人”和“物”，故关系词应使用既可指人又可指物的“that”。故选D。 2．—WeChat is an invention ________ can help people share photos, ideas and feelings freely. —I think it’s very useful in our life. A．which B．whom C．where D．whose 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——微信是一项能帮助人们自由地分享照片、想法和感受的发明。——我认为它在我们生活中非常有用。 考查定语从句引导词。which哪一个，指代物；whom谁，指代人，在从句中作宾语；where哪里，在从句中作地点状语；whose谁的，指代人或物，在从句中作定语。分析句子结构可知，这是一个定语从句，先行词是“an invention（一项发明）”，指物，且从句中缺少主语，所以应该用which来引导这个定语从句。故选A。 3．We are interested in the people and places ________ he described in his letter. A．which B．who C．that D．where 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我们对他在信中描述的人和地方感兴趣。 考查定语从句。which关系代词，引导定语从句，先行词为物；who关系代词，引导定语从句，先行词为人；that关系代词，引导定语从句，先行词为人或物；where关系副词，引导定语从句，先行词为地点。本句的先行词“the people and places”是人和物，引导词只能用that。故选C。 基础题（测试时间：10分钟） 1．Without the keys, the manager had to wait in front of the office __________ was locked ten minutes ago. A．who B．which C．/ D．whom 【答案】B 【详解】句意：由于没有钥匙，经理不得不在十分钟前锁上的办公室门口等着。 考查定语从句。who在定语从句中作主语或宾语，修饰人；which在定语从句中作主语或宾语，修饰物；/不填；whom指人，在定语从句中作宾语。先行词“the office”为事物，在定语从句中作主语，需用关系代词which或that指代，且主语位置不可省略。故选B。 2．I’ll never forget the days ________ we spent together five years ago. A．which B．when C．where D．how 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我永远不会忘记五年前我们一起度过的日子。 考查定语从句。根据“the days...we spent together five years ago”可知，这是一个定语从句，先行词是“the days”，表示物，在从句中作“spent”的宾语，因此要用关系代词“which”来引导定语从句。故选A。 3．Tommy said he was the only person ________ I could trust in this town. A．which B．that C．whose D．how 【答案】B 【详解】句意：汤米说他是这个镇上我唯一能信任的人。 考查定语从句引导词。which引导定语从句时为关系代词，先行词为物；that引导定语从句时为关系代词，先行词为人或物；whose引导定语从句时，为关系副词，表所属关系；how怎样，表方式。分析句子结构可知，本句为定语从句，先行词person指人，且被the only修饰，关系词在句中作trust的宾语，故应用that引导定语从句。故选B。 4．This is the village ________ I spent my happy childhood. A．which B．when C．where D．who 【答案】C 【详解】句意：这是我度过快乐童年的村庄。 考查定语从句的引导词。which哪个；when当……时；where在哪里；who谁。此句为定语从句，先行词“village”表示地点，定语从句“I spent my happy childhood”结构完整，但缺少地点状语，需用关系副词“where”引导。故选C。 5．—What can we do for the left-home children _____ need help? —We could help them with their study online on weekends. A．which B．who C．whom D．whose 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——我们能为那些需要帮助的留守儿童做些什么呢？——我们可以在周末在线帮助他们学习。 考查定语从句。which引导定语从句，先行词是物，在从句中作主语或宾语；who引导定语从句，先行词是人，在从句中作主语；whom引导定语从句，先行词是人，在从句中作宾语；whose引导定语从句，先行词是人或物，在从句中作定语。分析句子结构可知，本句为定语从句，先行词“the left-home children”指人，且在从句中作主语，所以用关系代词who引导。故选B。 6．—Have you heard of the basketball team ________ won the match yesterday? —Of course, it’s my favorite basketball team—Warriors. A．whose B．which C．who D．how 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你听说昨天赢得比赛的那个篮球队了吗？——当然，那是我最喜欢的篮球队——勇士队。 考查定语从句的关系代词辨析。whose谁的；which哪一个；who谁；how如何。根据句子，关系代词修饰“the basketball team”（篮球队），这是一个事物，因此需用指代事物的关系代词which。故选B。 7．—Do you know the artist ________ designed the logo for the national tourism festival? —Yes, he is a young man from Suzhou. A．who B．which C．whose D．whom 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你知道那个设计了国家旅游节标志的艺术家吗？——是的，他是来自苏州的年轻人。 考查定语从句的关系代词。who指代人，作主语；which指代物；whose表示所有格；whom指代人，作宾语。先行词“artist”是人，且在从句中作主语，需用关系代词who。故选A。 8．People _______ have eye problems can come to the hospital. A．who B．which C．what D．where 【答案】A 【详解】句意：有眼睛问题的人可以来医院。 考查关系代词的用法。who指代人；which指代物；what用于名词性从句；where指代地点。根据句子，空格处引导定语从句修饰people（人），表示“有眼睛问题的人”，因此用指代人的关系代词who。故选A。 9．I like the music ________ I can dance to. A．which B．who C．whose D．where 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我喜欢我能跟着跳舞的音乐。 考查定语从句关系词辨析。which指代物，在从句中作主语或宾语；who指代人，在从句中作主语或宾语；whose表示所属，在从句中作定语；where指代地点，在从句中作状语。此句先行词是music，指物，且关系词在从句中作dance to的宾语，应用which。故选A。 10．I will remember the important people ________ helped and supported me forever. A．who B．what C．why D．when 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我会永远记住那些帮助和支持过我的重要的人。 考查定语从句引导词辨析。who谁，指人，在定语从句中作主语或宾语；what什么，不能引导定语从句；why为什么，在定语从句中作原因状语；when什么时候，在定语从句中作时间状语。根据句子结构可知，此处是一个定语从句，修饰先行词people，且关系词在从句中作主语，指人，所以应该用who。故选A。 11．Studying in groups is a popular way ________ can develop students’ abilities. A．which B．what C．who D．whom 【答案】A 【详解】句意：小组学习是一种流行的方式，这种方式可以培养学生的能力。 考查定语从句。which关系代词，先行词是物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语；what疑问词，不能当关系代词；who关系代词，先行词是人，在定语从句中当主语；whom关系代词，先行词是人，在定语从句中当宾语。先行词way指物，关系代词指代way在定语从句中作主语。故选A。 12．—Have you read the story Havoc in Heaven? —Of course! It is the most exciting story ________ I have ever read. A．that B．which C．what D．who 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你读过《大闹天宫》的故事吗？——当然！这是我读过的最令人兴奋的故事。 考查定语从句的关系代词用法。that那个；which哪个；what什么；who谁。根据语法规则，当先行词（如“story”）被最高级（如“the most exciting”）修饰时，关系代词必须用that；what不能引导定语从句，who用于指人，而此处先行词是物。故选A。 13．You can ask someone _________ knows the answer to the question. A．who B．whom C．which D．what 【答案】A 【详解】句意：你可以问某个知道问题答案的人。 考查关系代词辨析。who谁，主格；whom谁，宾格；which哪个，指物；what什么。根据句子结构，先行词“someone”指人，且关系代词在定语从句“... knows the answer to the question”中作主语，因此应用主格“who”。故选A。 14．The woman ________ came to our party with a gift is my teacher. A．which B．whose C．who D．whom 【答案】C 【详解】句意：那个带着礼物来参加我们聚会的女人是我的老师。 考查关系代词的用法。which指物；whose谁的，表示所有关系；who谁，指人，在从句中作主语；whom谁，指人，在从句中作宾语。根据句子结构，关系代词引导定语从句修饰“the woman”，并在从句“________ came to our party with a gift”中充当主语，表示“她”来参加聚会，且指代人，因此应用who。故选C。 15．—What are you looking for, Linda? —I’m looking for the book ________ you lent to me last week. A．who B．whom C．when D．that 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——Linda，你在找什么？——我在找上周你借给我的那本书。 考查定语从句的关系代词。who谁，指人；whom谁，指人，宾格；when当……时，指时间；that那个，指人或物。先行词“book”是物，因此需用指物的关系代词that引导从句。故选D。 16．He lost a bike ________ cost him 60 dollars. A．who B．whom C．that D．where 【答案】C 【详解】句意：他丢了一辆自行车，这辆自行车花了他60美元。 考查关系代词辨析。who谁，指人，主格；whom谁，指人，宾格；that那个，指人或物；where在哪里，指地点。根据“He lost a bike…cost him 60 dollars.”可知，先行词“bike”是物，定语从句中缺少主语，因此用关系代词“that”引导从句。故选C。 17．—I want to enter the English speech competition, but I think it’s difficult to achieve success in the end. —Don’t worry. Nothing is difficult to the man ________ will try. A．whose B．who C．what D．which 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——我想参加英语演讲比赛，但我觉得最终很难成功。——别担心。世上无难事，只怕有心人。 考查关系代词辨析。whose谁的，在定语从句中作定语；who谁，在定语从句中作主语或宾语，指人；what什么，引导名词性从句；which哪一个，在定语从句中作主语或宾语，指物。根据“Nothing is difficult to the man…will try.”可知，这句话是定语从句，先行词是“the man”，指人，且关系代词在从句中作主语，应用who。故选B。 18．I still remember the college and the teachers ________ I visited in London years ago. A．what B．who C．which D．that 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我仍然记得几年前在伦敦参观的大学和老师们。 考查定语从句关系代词的用法。what什么，不能引导定语从句，常用于名词性从句；who谁，仅用于指代人；which哪一个，仅用于指代物；that那个，可指代人或物，尤其适用于混合的先行词。当先行词（the college and the teachers）既包括人（teachers）又包括物（college）时，关系代词应用that。 故选D。 19．The book ________ I borrowed from the library yesterday is about the history of space exploration. A．who B．what C．which D．where 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我昨天从图书馆借的那本书是关于太空探索历史的。 考查定语从句关系代词。先行词The book指物，在定语从句中作宾语，应用关系代词which或that引导，也可省略。选项C正确。who指人；what不引导定语从句；where指地点。故选C。 20．—What kind of groups does your daughter like? —She likes groups that _________ quiet and slow music. A．play B．plays C．played D．playing 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你女儿喜欢什么样的乐队？——她喜欢演奏安静和缓慢音乐的乐队。 考查定语从句的时态和主谓一致。由“She likes groups that”可知，该句是定语从句，句子描述一般事实，使用一般现在时，先行词“groups”是复数名词，定语从句的谓语动词需用原形，故选A。 提升题（测试时间：10分钟） 1．I still remember the day ________ I first came to this school. A．when B．where C．which D．that 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我仍然记得我第一次来到这所学校的那一天。 考查定语从句。先行词是“the day”，表示时间，且在从句“I first came to this school”中作时间状语，所以用关系副词when，故选A。 2．The movie Ne Zha ________ has a unique plot (情节独特) and vivid characters (人物形象鲜明生动), has won the love of a large number of audiences both at home and abroad. A．whom B．who C．where D．which 【答案】D 【详解】句意：电影《哪吒》拥有独特的情节和鲜明生动的人物形象，赢得了国内外大量观众的喜爱。 考查定语从句。whom谁，修饰人，在从句中作宾语；who谁，在从句中作主语；where哪里，在定语从句中作地点状语；which哪个，修饰物，在从句中可作主语或宾语。此处是定语从句，先行词是The movie Ne Zha，指物，需用which引导，在从句中作主语。故选D。 3．The Xiaomi Su7 Ultra, _________ uses advanced battery technology, has a range of 800 kilometers. A．which B．who C．what D．where 【答案】A 【详解】句意：小米Su7 Ultra使用了先进的电池技术，续航里程达到800公里。 考查定语从句的关系词。which关系代词，指物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语；who关系代词，指人，在定语从句中作主语或宾语；what连接宾语从句；where关系副词，指地点，在定语从句中作地点状语。主语是The Xiaomi Su7 Ultra，在定语从句中作uses的主语，指物，关系代词用which。故选A。 4．I prefer movies that ________ exciting and inspiring stones like Ne Zha 2. A．have B．has C．had D．having 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我更喜欢有激动人心且鼓舞人心的故事的电影，比如《哪吒2》。 考查主谓一致和时态。本句是定语从句，that指代先行词“movies”，在从句中作主语，且句子描述一般偏好，时态用一般现在时。因此空处用动词原形。故选A。 5．—What kind of movies do you like? —I prefer movies ________ give me something to think about. A．that B．who C．what D．/ 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你喜欢什么类型的电影？——我更喜欢能让我有所思考的电影。 考查定语从句。that可指人或物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语；who指人，在定语从句中作主语；what不能引导定语从句；/在定语从句中作宾语时可省略。本句中先行词“movies”指物，且关系词在从句中作主语，所以只能用that，不能省略，故选A。 6．Teenagers shouldn’t buy too many shoes and clothes ________ prices go ________ their parents’ ability to pay. A．who, above B．whose, beyond C．whose, over D．who, behind 【答案】B 【详解】句意：青少年不应该买太多价格超过父母支付能力的鞋子和衣服。 考查定语从句和介词辨析。who谁；whose谁的；above在……上；over超过，多指数量；beyond超过，多指能力；behind在……后。第一空引导定语从句且在从句中作定语，表示“鞋子和衣服的”，所以选填whose；根据“their parents’ ability to pay”可知，此处指超出父母的购买力，go beyond“超出”。故选B。 7．Nanjing is a city ________ attracts a lot of people. A．where B．which C．why D．how 【答案】B 【详解】句意：南京是一座吸引了许多人的城市。 考查定语从句。where 是关系副词，表地点，在从句中作状语； which 是关系代词，代指名词，在从句中充当主语；why 表原因；how 表方式。定语从句中缺少主语，且指代的是先行词 “city”物，因此需用关系代词 which 或 that，在从句中作主语。故选B。 8．I didn’t see the man ________ stole my handbag clearly. A．which B．when C．where D．who 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我没有清楚地看到偷我手提包的那个人。 考查定语从句。which哪个；when什么时候；where哪里；who谁。根据“I didn’t see the man...stole my handbag clearly.”可知，此处为定语从句，先行词the man为人，用who连接，在从句中作主语。故选D。 9．Sorry, we don’t have the coat ________ you need. A．what B．who C．whom D．which 【答案】D 【详解】句意：对不起，我们没有你要的外套。 考查定语从句。what什么（不用于定语从句）；who代指人，作主宾；whom代指人，作宾；which代指物，作主宾。根据先行词“the coat”可知，是物，在从句中作“need”的宾语，所以此处是用“which”，故选D。 10．Don’t care those ________ laugh at you. Pay more attention to improving yourself. A．who B．whom C．which D．what 【答案】A 【详解】句意：不要在意那些嘲笑你的人。多关注提升自己。 考查定语从句的关系词。who谁，主格；whom谁，宾格；which哪一个；what什么。先行词those指人，在从句中作主语，关系词可用who。故选A。 11．Kua Fu Runs After the Sun is a story ________ shows how much ancient people wanted to know about the world. A．which B．who C．what D．whose 【答案】A 【详解】句意：《夸父逐日》是一个展现古代人有多渴望了解世界的故事。 考查定语从句。which哪一个；who谁；what什么；whose谁的。根据“Kua Fu Runs After the Sun is a story...shows how much ancient people wanted to know about the world.”可知，本句是一个定语从句，用来修饰先行词“story”。先行词“story”是物，“which”可以指代物“story”，在定语从句中充当主语，符合句子的语法和语义要求。故选A。 12．I will never forget those ________ have helped me along the way. A．who B．what C．which D．whom 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我将永远不会忘记那些一路上帮助过我的人。 考查定语从句。who关系代词，指人，在从句中作主语；what什么，不引导定语从句；which关系代词，指物，在从句中作主语或宾语；whom关系代词，指人，在从句中作宾语。分析句子结构可知，空处所在句子为定语从句，先行词those指人，且关系词在从句中作主语，所以用who引导定语从句。故选A。 13．She still remembers the day ________ she first walked into the high-school classroom, ________ left a deep impression on her. A．when; which B．which; that C．that; when D．when; who 【答案】A 【详解】句意：她仍然记得她第一次走进高中教室的那一天，这给她留下了深刻的印象。 考查定语从句。when是关系副词，可引导定语从句，先行词表示时间，在从句中作时间状语；which是关系代词，可引导定语从句，修饰事物或前面整个句子，在从句中作主语或宾语等；that是关系代词，可引导限制性定语从句，修饰人或事物，但不能引导非限制性定语从句；who是关系代词，可引导定语从句时，先行词指人。第一个空先行词是“the day”，从句“she first walked into the high-school classroom”中缺少时间状语，需用when；第二个空修饰前面整个句子，用which。故选A。 14．We’ll never forget those ________ lost their lives for our country. A．who B．which C．whom D．whose 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我们永远不会忘记那些为我们的国家牺牲生命的人。 考查关系代词辨析。who谁，主格；which哪个，指物；whom谁，宾格；whose谁的，所有格。根据“We’ll never forget those...lost their lives for our country.”可知，空格处引导定语从句修饰“those”，这里指的是人，并在从句中作主语，指代人时主格关系代词用“who”。故选A。 15．If we study hard with big dreams, there is nothing ________ can’t be achieved. A．who B．that C．whom D．which 【答案】B 【详解】句意：如果我们努力学习并有远大梦想，没有什么是不能实现的。 考查关系代词辨析。who仅指代人（可作主语 / 宾语）；that可指代人 / 事物（可作主语 / 宾语），且先行词为不定代词（如 nothing）时只能用that；whom仅指代人（只能作宾语）；which仅指代事物（可作主语 / 宾语），但先行词为不定代词时不可用。分析句子结构可知，本句是定语从句，先行词“nothing”是不定代词，指物，需用“that”引导定语从句。故选B。 16．Li Ming says he loves singers ________ their own music. A．whom writes B．that writes C．whose write D．who write 【答案】D 【详解】句意：李明说他喜欢自己写音乐的歌手。 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，此处是定语从句，从句缺少主语，且先行词singers指人，所以用关系代词who引导定语从句，排除A和C；又因为关系代词在从句中作主语时，其谓语动词的单复数应与先行词保持一致，先行词singers是复数，所以谓语动词用原形write，排除B。故选D。 17．This is the first birthday gift ________ I received. I’ve kept it for many years. A．who B．what C．that D．which 【答案】C 【详解】句意：这是我收到的第一个生日礼物。我已经保留它很多年了。 考查定语从句的关系代词。句子是定语从句，先行词“gift”是物，且被序数词“first”修饰，关系代词在从句中作宾语，应使用that。故选C。 18．Which of the following sentences has a defining relative clause? A．Mary likes music that is quiet and gentle. B．Lucy is such a lovely girl that everyone in her class loves her. C．I don’t know who is playing the piano next door. D．Don’t miss the programme if you like classical music. 【答案】A 【详解】句意：以下哪个句子中有限定性定语从句？ 考查定语从句。Mary likes music that is quiet and gentle玛丽喜欢那种安静和轻柔的音乐；Lucy is such a lovely girl that everyone in her class loves her露西是个如此可爱的女孩以至于班上所有人都喜欢她，that引导结果状语从句；I don’t know who is playing the piano next door我不知道隔壁谁在弹钢琴，who引导的宾语从句，作know的宾语；Don’t miss the programme if you like classical music如果你喜欢古典音乐，可千万不要错过这个节目，if引导的条件状语从句。选项A中music为先行词，从句that is quiet and gentle作后置定语修饰music，关系词that指代先行词并在句中作主语，所以A中包含限定性定语从句。故选A。 19．Life is a long race ________ we fight against all the difficulties to realize our dreams. A．when B．which C．how D．where 【答案】D 【详解】句意：生活是一场漫长的赛跑，在这场赛跑中我们与所有困难斗争以实现梦想。   考查定语从句关系词。when先行词表时间；which先行词表事物；how不引导定语从句；where先行词表地点。先行词“race”为抽象地点（赛跑/过程），且从句“we fight against...”不缺主干成分，需用关系副词where引导定语从句，相当于in which。故选D。 20．I wonder who knows the name of the girl ________ father works in Dongying Railway Station. A．which B．that C．whose D．who 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我想知道谁知道那个女孩的名字，她的父亲在东营火车站工作。 考查关系代词。which指物，不用于人；that可用于人或物，但不表示所有格；whose表示所有格；who用于人，作主语或宾语，不表示所有格。分析句子可知，此处表示“女孩的父亲”，应用whose引导定语从句，修饰先行词“the girl”。故选C。 拓展题（测试时间：15分钟） 1．On the top of the hill ________ an ancient tower ________ was built 500 years ago. A．standing; that B．stood; which C．lay; / D．lied; / 【答案】B 【详解】句意：山顶上矗立着一座500年前建造的古塔。 考查动词辨析和定语从句。Stood（stand的过去式）矗立，处于，站立；lay（lie的过去式）位于，坐落在；lied（lie的过去式）撒谎。分词句子可知，此句是定语从句，主句缺少谓语动词，第一空格处用谓语动词，standing是非谓语动词，排除A，结合“On the top of the hill …an ancient tower”可知古塔坐落在山顶上，stood或lay符合题意，排除D。定语从句缺少关系词，定语从句的先行词“an ancient tower”是物，且关系词在定语从句中作主语，应用that或which引导，排除C。故选B。 2．—Do you know the man ________ visited the Charity School? —Yes. He is Mr. Li. It is said that it was his ________ visit to the school. A．who; the fifth B．that; the fifth C．/; fifth D．who; fifth 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——你认识那个参观慈善学校的人吗？ ——是的。他是李先生。据说这是他第五次来学校。 考查定语从句关系代词的用法。分析句子可知，先行词the man指人，要用关系代词who或that，在句中充当主语，排除C；序数词前面有形容词性物主代词修饰时，序数词前不用the。故选D。 3．I went to talk with Nancy and was surprised by her words ________ made me realize ________ silly mistakes I had made. A．what; which B．which; what C．which; which D．what; what 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我去和南希谈话，她的话使我惊讶，这使我意识到我犯了多么愚蠢的错误。 考查定语从句和宾语从句。what“什么”；which“哪一个”。空一为定语从句，先行词“her words”指物，故关系词用which；再根据“realize”为动词，故判断“...silly mistakes I had made”为宾语从句，连接词应用what，在宾语从句中作“made”的宾语。故选B。 4．Have you found the information about the headmaster called Zhang Guimei in Yunnan ________ you can use for your report? A．who B．how C．which D．where 【答案】C 【详解】句意：你找到了可以用来做你的报告的云南那位叫张桂梅的校长的资料了吗？ 考查定语从句。分析句子成分和“Have you found the information about the headmaster called Zhang Guimei in Yunnan...you can use for your report”可知，空格处为定语从句的引导词，从句缺宾语，且先行词为the information，故应用关系代词中的that或which。故选C。 5．China is ________ the US’ action on TikTok. “A lot of risks ________ are pointed out are not true at all.” said Chew（周受资）, the CFO of ByteDance. A．against; that B．for; which C．against; who D．for; that 【答案】A 【详解】句意：中国反对美国对TikTok的行动。“许多被指出的风险根本不是真的。”字节跳动首席财务官周受资说。 考查介词辨析以及定语从句。against反对；for为了。根据“China is…the US’ action on TikTok”可知，中国在反对美国对TikTok的行动，所以第一空填against。第二空所在句子是定语从句，先行词risks是指物，在从句中作主语，用关系词that，故选A。 6．—Could you please have your hair cut as soon as possible? —Why? I like my hairstyle ________ it is now. A．since B．as C．unless D．when 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你能尽快理发吗？——为什么？我喜欢我现在的发型。 考查定语从句。since自从；as如，似，正像；unless除非；when当……时。分析句子结构可知，“…it is now”是定语从句修饰“my hairstyle”作定语，进一步说明我的头发，即现在的发型，因此as引导定语从句，故选B。 7．—Why are you so worried? —Because I’ve lost the watch ________ my dad bought for me on my birthday. A．whom B．who C．whose D．that 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——你为什么这么担心？——因为我把爸爸在我生日那天给我买的手表弄丢了。 考查定语从句。whom引导限制性定语从句，先行词指人，在定语从句中作宾语；who引导限制性定语从句，先行词指人，在定语从句中充当主语和宾语；whose引导限制性定语从句，修饰指人或指物的先行词，在定语从句中充当定语；that只能引导限定性定语从句，修饰表示人或物的先行词，在句中可以充当主语、宾语、表语等，作宾语时可以省略。此题的先行词“the watch”是物，作宾语，因此用that引导。故选D。 8．We’ll buy the cow ________ the farmer raised on his farm. A．who B．what C．which D．when 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我们将买下农民在农场里养的那头牛。 考查定语从句。who引导限制性定语从句，修饰指人的先行词，在定语从句中充当主语、宾语；what不能引导定语从句；which既能引导限制性定语从句，也能引导非限制性定语从句；when指时间，在从句中作时间状语。此题的先行词the cow指物，因此用which引导定语从句。故选C。 9．Facebook boss Mark Zuckerberg announced his plan to build an online world ________ people can game, work and communicate. A．that B．which C．what D．where 【答案】D 【详解】句意：Facebook老板马克·扎克伯格宣布了他的计划，要打造一个人们可以玩游戏、工作和交流的网络世界。 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，此处是一个定语从句，先行词world在从句中作地点状语，用关系词where引导定语从句，故选D。 10．Many young people, most of ________ were well-educated, headed for remote regions ________ their dreams. A．them, chasing B．whom; to chase C．who; chased D．whoever; chase 【答案】B 【详解】句意： 许多年轻人，其中大多数受过良好教育，前往偏远地区追逐梦想。 考查定语从句和动词不定式。“most of...were well-educated”是定语从句，先行词指人，且作of的宾语，应用whom引导；第二空应填动词不定式表目的。故选B。 11．Qatar is the first country in the Middle East ________ holds the World Cup. A．what B．which C．that D．where 【答案】C 【详解】句意：卡塔尔是中东地区第一个举办世界杯的国家。 考查定语从句。分析题干可知，定语从句的先行词是country，关系词在从句中作主语，且先行词被序数词first修饰，应用that，故选C。 12．“Underground” is the only word in the English language ________ begins and ends with the letters “und”. A．what B．that C．when D．which 【答案】B 【详解】句意：“Underground”是英语中唯一一个以“und”开头和结尾的单词。 考查定语从句。此处是定语从句，先行词是物，且有“the only”修饰，引导词在从句中作主语，只能用that引导。故选B。 13．—Do you like the weekly talk show, The Reader, on CCTV? —Sure. It’s a great TV program ________ brings the habit of reading back into the public. A．who B．that C．what D．/ 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——您喜欢中央电视台每周播出的谈话节目《朗读者》吗？——当然。这是一个很棒的电视节目，它让公众重新养成了阅读的习惯。 考查定语从句。who谁；that在定语从句中无实意；what什么。分析句子可知，此处先行词为“program”，指的是物，从句部分缺少主语，应用that或which引导定语从句。故选B。 14．This is the only film ________ I’ve long wished to see. A．which B．that C．who D．whom 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这是我一直想看的唯一一部电影。 考查定语从句。which引导定语从句时，先行词指物；that引导定语从句时，先行词指物或人；who引导定语从句时，先行词指人；whom引导定语从句时，先行词指人。分析题干可知，空处是定语从句的关系词，先行词是film，指物，所以排除选项C和D；先行词film被the only修饰，所以此定语从句应用that引导。故选B。 15．Can you lend me the book ________ the other day? A．about which you talked B．which you talked C．about that you talked D．that you talked 【答案】A 【详解】句意：你能把你前几天谈到的那本书借给我吗？ 考查定语从句。根据“Can you lend me the book …the other day?”及选项可知，此处应是定语从句，固定短语talk about“谈论”，将介词about提到关系代词之前，构成“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句，介词后的关系代词只能用which或whom。故选A。 16．New York is the state ________ Donald John Trump was born in. A．when B．where C．who D．which 【答案】D 【详解】句意：纽约是唐纳德·约翰·特朗普出生的州。 考查定语从句。when关系副词，指代时间；where关系副词，指代地点；who关系代词，指代人，通常作主语；which关系代词，指代物，通常作主语或宾语。该句是为定语从句，“where”是关系副词，引导定语从句时本身包含地点含义（相当于“in which”），因此从句中无需再加“in”，从句部分先从词是“state”，且“Donald John Trump was born in”缺少介词“in”的宾语，需用关系代词which充当该宾语。故选D。 17．I like to visit a place ___________ history is long. A．which B．whose C．that D．where 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我喜欢参观历史悠久的地方。 考查定语从句。which用来指物，在从句中作主语或宾语；whose用来指人或物，作定语；that先行词是物，在从句中作主语或宾语；where是关系副词，在从句中指地点。根据“I like to visit a place”以及“history”可知，此处表示所属关系，即“这个地方的历史”，填关系代词whose。故选B。 18．Mr. Lee is the only doctor ________ we can turn to at present. A．who B．what C．which D．that 【答案】D 【详解】句意：李先生是我们目前唯一可以求助的医生。 考查定语从句。who引导定语从句时，先行词指人；what不用于引导定语从句；which引导定语从句时，先行词指物；that引导定语从句时，先行词可指人，也可指物。根据题干可知，空处是定语从句的引导词，先行词是doctor，指人，且被the only修饰，所以空处应用that引导此定语从句。故选D。 19．—Do you know ________ Shenzhou-21 was sent into space successfully on Oct 31st, 2025? —Of course. Some students from our school ________ watched its launch are still so excited. A．that; whom B．which; who C．which; whom D．that; who 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——你知道神舟二十一号在2025年10月31日被成功送入太空了吗？——当然知道。我们学校的一些观看了其发射的学生仍然很兴奋。 考查宾语从句引导词和定语从句引导词。that引导宾语从句时，无实义，在从句中不作成分；which引导宾语从句时，意为“哪一个”，在从句中可作主语、宾语等；whom引导定语从句时，先行词是人，在从句中作宾语；who引导定语从句时，先行词是人，在从句中可作主语、宾语等。分析句子结构可知，“Do you know...”为宾语从句，“... Shenzhou-21 was sent into space successfully on Oct 31st, 2025”为从句部分，从句不缺成分，且句子表达的是陈述事实，所以应用that引导该宾语从句；“Some students from our school ... watched its launch”为定语从句，先行词“students”指人，且在从句中作主语，所以应用who引导该定语从句。故选D。 20．Which of the following sentences has a clause (从句) different from the others? A．I often doubt whether it is worth spending so much time on schoolwork. B．I have no idea who is the suspect of this case. C．This is the first film that the young actor has acted in. D．He was sure that he had no one to depend on but himself at that time. 【答案】C 【详解】句意：下列哪一个句子的从句与其他不同？ 考查名词性从句和定语从句。I often doubt whether it is worth spending so much time on schoolwork我常常怀疑在功课上花这么多时间是否值得；I have no idea who is the suspect of this case我不知道谁是这个案子的嫌疑人；This is the first film that the young actor has acted in这是这位年轻演员出演的第一部电影；He was sure that he had no one to depend on but himself at that time他确信，当时除了自己，他没有任何人可以依靠。A项中whether引导的从句作动词doubt的宾语，为宾语从句；B项中who引导的从句作名词idea的同位语，属于名词性从句；D项中that引导的从句作形容词sure的宾语，为宾语从句。由此可见，A、B、D三项均属于名词性从句范畴。而C项中that引导的从句修饰先行词film，在句中作定语，为定语从句。故选C。 3 / 3 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $