Starter Unit 语法易错+巩固练习（导学案）五年级英语寒假自学课（Join in外研剑桥英语版）

Join in外研剑桥英语版五年级寒假自学课 Starter Unit语法易错+巩固练习 语法易错01 语法点拨 1：There be 句型（家庭介绍） （1）教材原句：There are five people in my family.（我家有五口人。） （2）句式结构：There + be 动词（is/are） + 数量 + 人 / 物 + 地点. （3）用法：用于描述 “某处有某人 / 某物”，be 动词随主语单复数变化（主谓一致）：单数 / 不可数名词用 is，复数名词用 are；介绍家庭成员时常用此句型。 （4）例句：There is one boy and two girls in my family.（我家有一个男孩和两个女孩。） 知识演练 一、用 is 或 are 填空 1. There ______ three people in my family. 2. There ______ a dog and two cats in our house.（就近原则） 3. There ______ no books on the desk. 4. There ______ a teacher in the classroom. 二、按要求改写句子 1. There are four people in my family.（对画线部分提问） → _______ _______ people are there in your family? 2. There is a bedroom for me.（改为复数句） → There _______ _______ bedrooms for us. 语法易错02 语法点拨 2：介绍家人职业（家庭介绍） （1）教材原句：My father is a teacher.（我爸爸是一名教师。） （2）句式结构：My + 家人称呼 + is a/an + 职业名词. （3）用法：用于介绍家人的职业，职业名词前需加 a/an（元音音素开头用 an，辅音音素开头用 a）；家人称呼需大写首字母（如 Father、Mother、Sister 等）。（4）例句：My mother is a doctor.（我妈妈是一名医生。）； My brother is an engineer.（我哥哥是一名工程师。） 知识演练 一、单项选择 ( ) 1. My father is ______ pilot. He flies planes. A. a B. an C. the ( ) 2. My mother is ______ teacher. She works at a school. A. a B. an C. / ( ) 3. My sister is ______ engineer. She designs buildings. A. a B. an C. / 二、按要求完成句子 1. My father is a doctor.（对画线部分提问） → _______ _______ your father do? 2. My mother is a nurse.（改为同义句） → My mother _______ as a nurse. 语法易错03 语法点拨 3：时间表达（整点 / 半点 / 差几分） （1）教材原句：It's eight o'clock.（现在是八点钟。）；It's half past three.（现在是三点半。）；It's twenty to seven.（现在是六点四十分。）（2）用法： 整点：It's + 数字 + o'clock.（o'clock 可省略）； 半点：It's half past + 小时.（past 意为 “过”）； 差几分：It's + （60 - 分钟） + to + （小时 + 1）.（to 意为 “差”）。 （4）例句：It's ten o'clock.（十点整。）；It's a quarter past six.（六点十五分。）； It's five to eight.（七点五十分。） 知识演练 一、用适当的词填空 1. It's ______ past seven.（七点半） 2. It's twenty ______ nine.（八点四十分） 3. It's ______ o'clock.（三点整） 4. It's a quarter ______ six.（五点四十五分） 二、翻译句子 1. 现在是九点十五分。It's a quarter ______ nine. 2. 会议在下午四点半开始。The meeting starts at half ______ four ______. 语法易错04 语法点拨 4：be going to 表将来计划 （1）教材原句：He is going to clean his room at nine in the morning.（他打算早上九点钟打扫他的房间。） （2）句式结构：主语 + be（am/is/are）going to + 动词原形 + 其他（时间 / 地点） （3）用法：表示 “打算做某事”，用于描述计划好的将来动作；be 动词随主语变化（I→am，he/she/ 单数→is，you / 复数→are）。 （4）例句：—What are you going to do tomorrow? 你明天打算做什么？ —I am going to visit my grandma. 我打算去看望奶奶。 知识演练 一、单项选择 ( ) 1. My parents and I ______ going to Yunnan for a holiday. A. am B. is C. are ( ) 2. —What ______ she going to do this afternoon? —She is going to visit her friend. A. am B. is C. are ( ) 3. I ______ going to buy a new notebook for English notes. A. am B. is C. are 二、按要求改写句子 1. He is going to clean his room.（改为一般疑问句） → ________________ he going to clean his room? 2. They are going to visit Kunming.（对画线部分提问） → ___________ are they going to ___________? 3. I am going to eat crossing-the-bridge rice noodles.（改为否定句） → I ___________ going to eat crossing-the-bridge rice noodles. 重难点特训 一、根据首字母提示补全句子。 1. Welcome b______ to school! Nice to see you again. 2. There a______ five people in my family. My father is a teacher. 3. She e______ reading English stories before bed. 4. It's half p______ seven. Let's go to school. 5. We are going to v______ my grandparents this weekend. 二、选择正确的单词填空。 1. They enjoy ______（play/playing）ping-pong after school. 2. There ______（is/are）a book and two pens on the desk. 3. —What are you going to ______（do/doing）tomorrow? —I am going to visit my uncle. 4. My mother is ______（a/an）doctor. She works hard. 5. We will wait for you ______（until/near）the rain stops. 三、按要求完成句子。 1. She enjoys playing football.（改为一般疑问句） _______ she _______ playing football? 2. There are four people in my family.（对画线部分提问） _______ _______ people are there in your family? 3. It's ten past five.（改为同义句） It's _______ _______ five. 4. He is going to clean his room.（改为否定句） He _______ going to clean his room. 四、给下列句子选择合适的答语。 ( ) 1. How many people are there in your family? A. It's half past three. ( ) 2. What time is it now? B. I am going to visit my grandparents. ( ) 3. What are you going to do this weekend? C. There are five. ( ) 4. What does your father do? D. He is a teacher. ( ) 5. Do you enjoy reading? E. Yes, I do. 五、【新情境·自我介绍】阅读短文，判断下列句子正 (T) 误 (F)。 My name is Tom. There are four people in my family: my father, my mother, my sister and me. My father is a pilot. He flies planes. My mother is a teacher. She teaches English. My sister is a student. She likes Art. This winter holiday, we are going to Yunnan for a week. We are going to visit Kunming on the first day. I want to eat crossing-the-bridge rice noodles. On the third day, we are going to Lijiang. We will play in the snow. I enjoy traveling. I think we will have a good time. ( ) 1. There are five people in Tom's family. ( ) 2. Tom's father is a pilot. ( ) 3. Tom's mother teaches Maths. ( ) 4. They are going to Yunnan for a week. ( ) 5. They are going to visit Lijiang on the first day. 六、【新情境·时事热点】参加完 AI 机器人设计赛后，Julia 给表妹发了一段语音。选词填空，补全这段语音信息。 A. everyone B. funny C. go to school D. fun E. every one Hi, Lucy! How's it going? It's Sunday today. I often don't 1. ______. But now, I am in my school with my parents. Because there is an AI robot design competition (设计赛) here. There are many people on the playground. We have lots of 2. ______ today. And 3. ______ in my class comes to the competition. They all want to see different kinds of robots. And 4. ______ of the AI robots is amazing. A robot is tall and has got a big head. It can speak Chinese and read my favourite poet (诗人) Du Shi's songci. How great it is! There is also a 5. ______ robot. It loves to talk. It can perform crosstalk (说相声). Many people like listening. You must love it! 参考答案与解析 语法易错题答案 01（There be 句型） 一、填空 1. 答案：are。解析：主语 three people 是复数，be 动词用 are。 2. 答案：is。解析：就近原则，离 be 动词最近的 a dog 是单数，用 is。 3. 答案：are。解析：books 是复数，be 动词用 are；no=not any，表 “没有”。 4. 答案：is。解析：主语 a teacher 是单数，be 动词用 is。 二、改写句子 1. 答案：How many。解析：对数量 “four” 提问，用 How many，后接可数名词复数。 2. 答案：are some。解析：is 变 are，a bedroom 变 some bedrooms。 语法易错题答案 02（介绍家人职业） 一、单项选择 1. 答案：A。解析：pilot 是以辅音音素 /ˈpaɪlət/ 开头的单词，前面用 a。 2. 答案：A。解析：teacher 是以辅音音素 /ˈtiːtʃə(r)/ 开头的单词，前面用 a。 3. 答案：B。解析：engineer 是以元音音素 /ˌendʒɪˈnɪə(r)/ 开头的单词，前面用 an。 二、改写句子 1. 答案：What does。解析：对职业提问，用 What do/does + 主语 + do？主语 your father 是第三人称单数，用 does。 2. 答案：works。解析：“is a nurse” 可同义转换为 “works as a nurse”，均表示 “从事护士工作”。 语法易错题答案 03（时间表达） 一、填空 1. 答案：half。解析：“七点半” 是 “half past seven”。 2. 答案：to。解析：八点四十分是 “分钟数＞30”，用 to，“twenty to nine” 表示八点四十分。 3. 答案：three。解析：“三点整” 是 “three o'clock”，o'clock 可省略。 4. 答案：to。解析：五点四十五分是 “分钟数＞30”，用 to，“a quarter to six” 表示五点四十五分。 二、翻译句子 1. 答案：past。解析：“九点十五分” 是 “分钟数≤30”，用 past，“a quarter past nine”。 2. 答案：past；pm。解析：“四点半” 是 “half past four”，“下午” 用 pm。 语法易错题答案 04（be going to 表将来计划） 一、单项选择 1. 答案：C。解析：主语 “My parents and I” 是复数，be going to 结构中 be 动词用 are。 2. 答案：B。解析：主语 “she” 是第三人称单数，be going to 结构中 be 动词用 is。 3. 答案：A。解析：主语是 I，be going to 结构中 be 动词用 am。 二、改写句子 1. 答案：Is。解析：含 be 动词的句子变一般疑问句，将 be 动词提到句首。 2. 答案：Where；visit。解析：对 “Kunming”（地点）提问，用 Where，be going to 后接动词原形 visit。 3. 答案：am not。解析：含 be 动词的句子变否定句，在 be 动词后加 not。 重难点特训 一、根据首字母提示补全句子 1. 答案：back。解析：“Welcome back to school” 是固定表达，意为 “欢迎回到学校”，以 b 开头，填 back。 2. 答案：are。解析：主语 five people 是复数，There be 句型中 be 动词用 are。 3. 答案：enjoys。解析：“喜欢睡前读英语故事”，以 e 开头，主语 she 是第三人称单数，填 enjoys。 4. 答案：past。解析：“七点半” 是 “half past seven”，以 p 开头，填 past。 5. 答案：visit。解析：“打算看望祖父母”，以 v 开头，填 visit。 二、选择正确的单词填空 1. 答案：playing。解析：enjoy 后接动名词，填 playing。 2. 答案：is。解析：就近原则，离 be 动词最近的 a book 是单数，用 is。 3. 答案：do。解析：be going to 后接动词原形，填 do。 4. 答案：a。解析：doctor 是以辅音音素开头的单词，前面用 a。 5. 答案：until。解析：“直到雨停”，填 until。 三、按要求完成句子 1. 答案：Does；enjoy。解析：主语 she 是第三人称单数，变一般疑问句加助动词 Does，动词用原形 enjoy。 2. 答案：How many。解析：对数量 “four” 提问，用 How many。 3. 答案：five ten。解析：“ten past five” 可同义表达为 “five ten”。 4. 答案：isn't。解析：含 be 动词的句子变否定句，在 is 后加 not，缩写为 isn't。 四、给下列句子选择合适的答语 1. 答案：C。解析：问句询问 “家庭有多少人”，答语 “有五人” 符合语境。 2. 答案：A。解析：问句询问 “现在几点”，答语 “三点半” 符合语境。 3. 答案：B。解析：问句询问 “周末打算做什么”，答语 “打算看望祖父母” 符合语境。 4. 答案：D。解析：问句询问 “爸爸的职业”，答语 “他是一名教师” 符合语境。 5. 答案：E。解析：以 Do 开头的一般疑问句，肯定答语用 “Yes, I do”。 五、阅读短文，判断下列句子正 (T) 误 (F) 1. 答案：F。解析：短文中 “There are four people in my family” 说明汤姆家有四口人，并非五口。 2. 答案：T。解析：短文中 “My father is a pilot” 直接对应题干表述。 3. 答案：F。解析：短文中 “She teaches English” 说明妈妈教英语，并非数学。 4. 答案：T。解析：短文中 “we are going to Yunnan for a week” 明确说明旅行时长为一周。 5. 答案：F。解析：短文中 “We are going to visit Kunming on the first day” 说明第一天去昆明，并非丽江。 六、【新情境·时事热点】参加完 AI 机器人设计赛后，Julia 给表妹发了一段语音。选词填空，补全这段语音信息。 1.答案：C 解析：“don't” 后需接动词原形，结合语境 “今天是周日，我通常不用______”，只有 “go to school（去上学）” 符合逻辑，故选 C。 2.答案：D 解析：“lots of” 后接名词，“have lots of fun” 是固定搭配，意为 “玩得很开心”，符合 “今天我们有很多______” 的语境，故选 D。 3.答案：A 解析：空格处作主语，后接谓语动词 “comes（单数）”，“everyone in my class” 表示 “我班上的每个人”，作主语时谓语用单数，符合 “我班上的______都来参加比赛” 的语境，故选 A。 4.答案：E 解析：空格后有 “of” 短语，“every one of...” 是固定搭配，意为 “…… 中的每一个”，作主语时谓语用单数，符合 “这些 AI 机器人中的______都很惊人” 的语境，故选 E。 5.答案：B 解析：空格处需填形容词修饰名词 “robot”，结合后文 “它会说相声”，“funny（滑稽的）” 能体现机器人的特点，符合语境，故选 B。 2 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $