Unit 1 Science and Scientists一-2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第二册期末词汇复习（人教版）

期末词汇复习 选修2·人教版·Unit1 ScienceandScientists-一 一、 重点单词详解 1:severe 一、核心考点 词性：形容词(adj.) 核心义：adj.极为恶劣的；十分严重的；严厉的 二、 构词法（词性转换） 副词：severely(严重地：严厉地，由severe+y构成) 名词：severity(严重性；严厉，由severe去e+-ity构成) 三、必记搭配与例句 描述程度：severe pain(剧痛)、severe drought(严重干旱)、severe punishment(严厉惩 罚) 固定搭配：be severe with sb.(对某人严厉)、be severe on sth.（对某事严格) 四、重点辨析 severe强调'程度深或标准高”，如severe criticism(尖锐批评)；strict侧重”遵守规则”， 如strict rules（严格规定)。 2:frustrated 一、核心考点 词性：形容词（ad.) 核心义：adj.懊恼的；沮丧的；失意的 构词法（词汇变形） 动词：frustrate(使沮丧：阻碍，由frustrate+-ed构成形容词) 名词：frustration(沮丧；挫折，由fiustrate去e+-ion构成) 、 必记搭配与例句 表情绪：feel frustrated（感到沮丧)、a frustrated artist（失意的艺术家) 固定搭配：be fiustrated at/about sth.(因某事沮丧)、be frustrated with sb.(对某人失望) 四、拓展 frustrating(adj.令人沮丧的，修饰事物)，如a frustrating experience(令人沮丧的经历)。 3:contradictory 核心考点 词性：形容词(adj.) 核心义：adj.相互矛盾的；对立的；不一致的 二、构词法（词性转换） 动词：contradict(反驳；与…矛盾，由contra-(相反)+dict(说)构成) 名词：contradiction(矛盾：反驳，由contradict+-ion构成》 三、必记搭配与例句 描述事物：contradictory statements(矛盾的陈述)、contradictory ideas(对立的观点) 固定搭配：be contradictory to(与…矛盾)，如His actions are contradictory to his words. (他言行不一。) 4:infect 、 核心考点 词性：动词(t.) core义：vt.使感染；传染 二、构词法（词汇变形） 名词：infection(感染；传染，由infect+-ion构成) 形容词：infectious（传染性的；有感染力的，由infect+-ious构成) 三、必记搭配与例句 被动语态：be infected with(感染…)，如be infected with flu(感染流感) 抽象意义：infect sb.with sth.(使某人受…影响)，如infect others with enthusiasm(用 热情感染他人) 5:subscribe “、 核心考点 词性：动词(vi.) 核心义：vⅵ.认购（股份）；定期订购；定期交纳（会费） 、 构词法（固定短语） subscribe to(同意；赞同；订阅)，如subscribe to a magazine(订阅杂志)、subscribe to an idea(赞同观点) 三、词性转换 名词：subscription(订阅费；会员费，由subscribe+-ion构成) 四、用法 接介词：subscribe for shares(认购股份)、subscribe to a charity(向慈善机构捐款) 6:suspect 、 核心考点 词性：动词(t.&i.)、名词(n.) 核心义：t&i.怀疑；疑有；不信任n.犯罪嫌疑人；可疑对象 二、 构词法（多词性） 形容词：suspicious(可疑的；怀疑的，由suspect变形为suspic-+-ioms构成) 名词：suspicion(怀疑；嫌疑，由suspicious去-ious+-ion构成) 三、 必记搭配与例句 动词用法：suspect sb.of sth.(怀疑某人做某事)，如suspect him of theft(怀疑他偷窃) 名词用法：a murder suspect(谋杀案嫌疑人) 四、辨析 suspect(怀疑)侧重认为可能”，doubt(怀疑)侧重”认为不可能”，如I suspect he is lying.（我觉得他在撒谎。)vs.I doubt he will come.(我怀疑他不会来。) 7:intervention 、 核心考点 词性：名词(n.) 核心义：n.介入；出面；干涉 二、 构词法（词性转换） 动词：intervene（介入；千预，由inter-(在…之间)+vene(来)构成) 三、 必记搭配与例句 固定搭配：government intervention(政府干预)、military intervention(军事介入) 介词搭配：intervention in sth.(对某事的干预)，如intervention in the conflict（介入冲突) 8:raw 一、核心考点 词性：形容词(adj.) 核心义：adj.未煮的；生的；未经处理的；原始的 二、必记搭配与例句 描述状态：raw meat(生肉)、raw data(原始数据)、raw materials(原材料) 固定搭配：in the raw(处于自然状态；裸体)，如live in the raw(过原始生活) 三、拓展 raw反义词：cooked(煮熟的)、processed(加工过的)。 9:pure 一、核心考点 词性：形容词(ad.) 核心义：adj.干净的；纯的；纯粹的 构词法（词性转换） 副词：prey(纯粹地；仅仅，由pre+-y构成) 名词：purity(纯净；纯度，由pre去e+-ity构成) 三、必记搭配与例句 描述性质：pure water(纯净水)、pure gold(纯金)、pure luck(纯粹的运气) 固定搭配：be pure in heart(心灵纯洁)、pure and simple(纯粹的；十足的) 10:handle 一、 核心考点 词性：名词(n.)、动词（t.) 核心义：n.把手：拉手：柄t.处理；搬动：操纵 二、构词法（多词性） 名词含义”把手”，动词含义”处理”，如door handle(门把手)、handle a problem(处理 问题) 三、必记搭配与例句 动词搭配：handle sth.with care(小心处理某物)、handle pressure（应对压力) 拓展：同义词deal with(处理)，但handle更强调”掌控”，如handle a machine(操作机 器)。 11:link 一、 核心考点 词性：名词(n.)、动词(t.) 核心义：n.联系；纽带vt.把…连接起来；相关联 二、构词法（词汇变形） 形容词：linked(连接的；相关联的，由link+-ed构成) 三、必记搭配与例句 动词搭配：link A to/with B(把A和B联系起来)，如link smoking to lung cancer(将吸 烟与肺癌关联) 名词搭配：a link between A and B(A和B之间的联系)、strong links(紧密联系) 四、辨析 link强调”逻辑或物理上的连接”，connect侧重”形成整体”，如The bridge links the two cities.(桥连接两城。) 二、词汇巩固练习 (一)单项选择(10题) 1.The doctor warned that the patient's condition was becoming increasingly-. A)severe B)strict C)raw D)pure 2.Many people feel when they fail to achieve their goals. A)frustrating B)frustrated C)frustration D)frustrate 3.His actions are to his promises,which makes others distrust him A)contradict B)contradiction C)contradictory D)contradicting 4.The virus can_humans through close contact with infected animals. A)infect B)infection C)infectious D)infected 5.We decided to_to the local newspaper to get daily news. A)subscribe B)subscription C)suspect D)handle 6.The police have arrested a in connection with the robbery last night A)suspect(v.) B)suspect(n.) C)suspicious D)suspicion 7.The government's_in the economic crisis helped stabilize prices A)intervene B)intervention C)contradictory D)link 8.data needs to be processed before it can be used for analysis. A)Cooked B)Processed C)Raw D)Pure 9.The_of the gold necklace is 99.9%,making it very valuable. A)pure B)purely C)purity D)handle 10.It takes years of practice to_a musical instrument skillfully. A)link B)handle C)infect D)subscribe (二)根据提示补全句子(10题) 1.The_(severity)of the storm surprised everyone in the village. 2.She felt(frustrated)when her flight was canceled for the third time. 3.There is a clear(contradiction)between his words and actions 4.The(infectious)disease spread quickly in the crowded area 5.We need to pay the monthly(subscription)fee for the streaming service. 6.The police have a(suspicion)that he was involved in the case. 7.The teacher's(purely)academic interest led her to research the topic. 8.The company hired a new manager to_(handle)customer complaints. 9.A strong (link)exists between regular exercise and mental health 10.The_(intervention)of volunteers helped improve the children's living conditions. (三)首字母填空(10题) 1.The patient suffered from spain after the operation. 2.He was f with himself for missing the important meeting. 3.The two reports made c_claims about the cause of the accident. 4.It's easy to i_a cold from someone who coughs without covering their mouth. 5.Many readers sto the magazine because of its high-quality articles. 6.The police have no evidence to prove the s is guilty yet 7.Without governmenti,the conflict might have lasted longer 8.The factory imports r materials from overseas to produce goods. 9.The water in the mountain stream is so pthat you can drink it directly 10.You need to h this fragile vase with great care. (四)答案与解析 1.单项选择答案：A B C AA BB CC B 解析1（第1题）： 考查severe的用法。severe表示”严重的”，符合句意”医生警告说病人的情况变得越来 越严重；strict表示”严格的”，1aw表示”生的”，pme表示”纯净的”，均不符合语境， 故选A。 解析2（第2题）： 考查frustrated的用法。frustrated表示”感到沮丧的？”，符合句意”许多人在未能实现目 标时感到沮丧”；fustrating表示”令人沮丧的”，frustration是名词，frustrate是动词，均 不符合语境，故选B。 解析3（第4题）： 考查infect的用法。infect表示”感染”，符合句意”病毒可以通过与受感染动物的密切 接触感染人类”；infection是名词，infectious是形容词，infected是过去分词，均不符合 语境，故选A。 2.补全句子答案： 1.severity 2.frustrated 3.contradiction 4.infectious 5.subscription 6.suspicion 7.purely 8. handle 9.link 10.intervention 3.首字母填空答案： 1.severe 2.frustrated 3.contradictory 4.infect 5.subscribe 6.suspect 7.intervention 8.raw 9.pure 10.handle 英语词汇复习手册·选修2·Unit1 Science and Scientists一