Unit 5 Languages around the world二-2025-2026学年高中英语必修第一册期末词汇复习（人教版）

期末词汇复习 必修一·人教版·Unit5 Languagesaroundtheworld二 一、重点单词详解 1:native 一、核心考点 词性：形容词(adj.)/名词(n.) 核心义：adj.出生地的；本地的；土著的；n.本地人；本国人 二、构词法（词性转换） 副词：natively/'nertrvli/（天然地；生来地) 名词：nativeness/'nertrvnas/,(本土性；出生地特征) 三、必记搭配与例句 be native to(原产于；为…所特有) native language/tongue(母语) native land/country(祖国；故乡) a native of(…的本地人/本国人) go native（入乡随俗；同化) 四、重点辨析 native&local:native强调与生俱来的归属”，如native speaker(母语者)：local侧重” 地理位置上的本地”，如local people（当地人)。 2:ancestor 一、核心考点 词性：名词(n.) 核心义：n.祖先；祖宗 二、 构词法（词性转换） 动词：ancestralize /an'sestralarz/(vt.把…视为祖先；使成为祖先) 形容词：ancestral/en'sestral/(adj.祖先的：祖传的) 三、必记搭配与例句 direct ancestor(直系祖先) remote ancestor(远祖) trace one's ancestors(追溯祖先) honor one's ancestors(祭拜祖先) 四、拓展用法 复数形式：ancestors(泛指多个祖先)；单数形式an ancestor(单个祖先) 3:factor 、 核心考点 词性：名词(n.) 核心义：n.因素；要素 二、构词法（词性转换） 形容词：factorable/'faekterabl/(adj.可分解的；可因数分解的) 名词：factorization/,faektorar'zeIfen/(n.因数分解；因式分解) 三、必记搭配与例句 key/main factor(关键/主要因素) contributing factor（促成因素)》 take.into factor(把…考虑进去) play a factor in（在…中起作用) factor in/out(把…计入/排除) 四、重点辨析 factor&element:factor强调'影响结果的原因”，如success factors(成功因素)；element 侧重”构成整体的基本部分”，如elements of nature(自然元素)。 4:civilisation 、 核心考点 词性：名词(n.) 核心义：n.文明；文明世界 二、构词法（词性转换） 动词：civilize/sIvelarz/(vt.使文明；教化) 形容词：civilized/srvalarzd/(adj.文明的；有礼貌的) 三、必记搭配与例句 ancient civilization(古代文明) modern civilization(现代文明) civilization of..(…的文明) 四、拓展用法 常用复数：civilizations(不同的文明体系) 5:distinction 二、 核心考点 词性：名词(n.) 核心义：n.差别；区别；特性；荣誉；勋章 二、构词法（词性转换） 动词：distinguish/dr'stmgwif/(vt.区分；辨别；使杰出) 形容词：distinct/dr'stkt(adj.明显的：不同的) 副词：distinctly/dr'stmktli/(adv.明显地；清楚地) 三、必记搭配与例句 draw/make a distinction between(区分…之间的差别) gain/win a distinction（获得荣誉) without distinction（无差别地) 四、重点辨析 distinction&difference:distinction强调”细微但重要的差别”，如distinction between right and wrong（是非之别)difference泛指”任何差异”，如make a difference(有影响)。 6:writing 核心考点 词性：名词(n.) 核心义：n.文字；写作；著述 二、构词法（词性转换） 动词：write/rart/（vt.写：写作) 名词：writer/rarta(r)/(n.作者；作家) 形容词：written/'rt/(adj.书面的；成文的) 三、必记搭配与例句 creative writing(创意写作) academic writing(学术写作) do some writing(写点东西) improve one's writing(提高写作水平) in writing(以书面形式) 四、拓展用法 复数形式：writings(指”著作；作品？”，如the writings of Lu Xun（鲁迅的著作)) 7:symbol 一、 核心考点 词性：名词(n.) 核心义：n.符号：象征：标志 二、构词法（词性转换） 动词：symbolize/'sImbalaIz/(t.象征；代表) 形容词：symbolic/sIm'bolik(adj.象征的；符号的) 副词：symbolically/sm'bplrkli/(adv.象征性地) 三、 必记搭配与例句 a universal symbol(通用符号) a national symbol(国家象征) serve as a symbol of（作为…的象征) 1 epresent a symbol(代表一种象征) 四、重点辨析 symbol&sign:symbol强调”抽象意义的象征，如dove as a symbol of peace(鸽子象征 和平)；sign侧重”具体的标记；迹象”，如road s1gns(路标)。 8:appreciate 一、 核心考点 词性：动词(t.) 核心义：t.欣赏；重视；感激：领会：意识到 二、构词法（词性转换） 名词：appreciation /a.pri:fi'ern/(n.欣赏；感激；理解) 形容词：appreciative/a'pi:∫tvl(adj.感激的；欣赏的) 三、必记搭配与例句 appreciate art/music(欣赏艺术/音乐) appreciate one's help(感激某人的帮助) appreciate that.…(意识到…；领会到…) I appreciate it if..(如果…我将不胜感激) 四、注意事项 接动名词：appreciate doing sth.(感激做某事)，如I appreciate your helping me（感谢你 帮助我)。 9:specific 一、 核心考点 词性：形容词(adj.) 核心义：adj.特定的；明确的；具体的 二、 构词法（词性转换） 副词：specifically/sp3'sfki/(adv.特别地；明确地) 名词：specificity/,spesr'fisati/(n.特异性；特殊性) 二、 必记搭配与例句 specific details(具体细节) specific requirements(特定要求) in specific（具体地；特别地) 四、重点辨析 specific&particular:specific强调”明确的；具体的”，如specific instructions(明确指示)： particular侧重”特定的；挑剔的”，如a particular person(某个特定的人)、be particular about(对…挑剔)。 10:queue 核心考点 词性：名词(n.)/动词(vi.) 核心义：n.队；行列；i.排队 二、构词法（词性转换） 名词：queuer/kju:a/(n.排队者) 三、必记搭配与例句 stand in a queue(排队) jump the queue(插队) queue up(排队等候) queue for sth.（为…排队) 四、拓展用法 美式英语常用line替代queue,.如stand in line(排队)、line up(排队)。 二、词汇巩固练习 (一)单项选择（10题) 1.Pandas are nativeChina and can't be found in other countries naturally. A)in B)to C)for D)with 2.The old town has many buildings ofstyle,which have been passed down from our an- cestors A)ancestor B)ancestral C)ancestry D)ancestralize 3.Good communication skills are a key in achieving success in teamwork. A)factor B)element C)fact D)feature 4.Ancient Egyptian is famous for its pyramids and mummies around the world. A)civilize B)civilized C)civilization D)civilizing 5.Can you draw a clear_between the two similar concepts to help me understand them better? A)difference B)distinction C)division D)separation 6.in English requires not only grammar knowledge but also logical thinking. A)Write B)Writing C)Written D)Writer 7.The dove is widely recognized as a_of peace and freedom across different cultures. A)sign B)symbol C)signal D)mark 8.I would greatly appreciate if you could help me carry these heavy boxes upstairs A)that B)this C)it D)you 9.The teacher gave us very_instructions on how to complete the experiment step by step. A)specific B)particular C)special D)especial 10.In order to buy the limited-edition shoes,many young people had toup for hours in front of the store A)line B)stand C)queue D)wait (二)根据提示补全句子(10题) 1.The plant is_(native)to the tropical regions of South America. 2.Many people go to their hometowns during festivals to honor their(ancestor). 3.The company needs to take all possible(factor)into consideration before making the final decision. 4.The development of technology has greatly changed the way of(civilize)in modern society. 5.She has a good sense of_(distinct)between colors,which makes her a talented painter. 6.Lu Xun's_(write)have had a profound influence on Chinese literature and society. 7.The red flag_(symbol)the courage and spirit of the revolutionary martyrs. 8.We should express our_(appreciate)to those who have helped us when we were in trou- ble. 9.He explained his plan(specific)so that everyone could understand it clearly 10.There are many(queue)waiting outside the cinema to buy tickets for the latest movie. (三)首字母填空(10题) 1.As a n of Beijing,she is very familiar with the history and culture of the city 2.Scientists are trying to trace the a of this ancient tribe through DNA analysis 3.Climate change is considered a major f affecting the survival of many endangered species. 4.The Silk Road played an important role in promoting the exchange between different c 5.There is a clear d between spoken language and written language in terms of structure. 6.His pfor writing started when he was a child,and now he has become a famous novelist. 7.The Great Wall is not only a historical site but also a national s of China 8.I really ayour kindness in helping me prepare for the exam;otherwise,I couldn't have passed it. 9.Could you please provide me with more sinformation about the project,such as the bud- get and timeline? 10.It's impolite to jump the qwhen everyone is waiting patiently for their turn. (四)答案与解析 1.单项选择答案：B A CC BB C A C A 解析1（第1题）： 考查native的固定用法。be native to表示”原产于；为…所特有”，符合句意”熊猫原 产于中国，自然状态下在其他国家找不到”；其他介词均不符合固定搭配，故选B。 解析2（第2题）： 考查ancestor的词性转换。需要形容词形式ancestral修饰style,表示”祖传的风格； ancestor是名词，ancestry是名词”血统”，ancestralize是动词，均不符合语法要求，故 选A。 解析3（第5题）： 考查distinction的固定用法。draw/make a distinction between表示”区分…之间的差 别”，符合句意”你能清楚区分这两个相似的概念吗”；difference虽然也有”差别”之意， 但更常用make a difference表示”有影响”，故选B。 2.补全句子答案： 1.native 2.ancestors 3.factors 4.civilization 5.distinction 6.writings 7.symbolizes 8.ap- preciation 9.specifically 10.queuers 3.首字母填空答案： 1.native 2.ancestors 3.factor 4.civilizations 5.distinction 6.passion 7.symbol 8.appreci- ate 9.specific 10.queue 英语词汇复习手册·必修一·Unit5 Languages around the world二