话题十九 自然灾害(知识必备)-2026年高考英语艺术生文化课考前100天

3It never occurred to me that 5.①to②for③pay more attention to our habits 6.①calls up②call off③calls for④called at 7.①完成②设法联系上（尤指打通电话）③通过④用完 ⑤get;across⑥got away with 8.1so nice and friendly that 2such heavy homework that 3such wonderful goods every day that 4So fast is 话题十六科技发展 【突破重点词汇—有的放矢】 [对点练] l.①to②limited;serving③beyond④should be limited to 2.①requirement②to gather③looking/to be looked ④(should)be related 3.①sending②(should)adapt③suggestion ④she(should)have 4.①to②attached③is attached 5.①is combined②to harm③in④combining 6.①人物②身材；体形③雕像④图表；插图⑤数字 ⑥figure out⑦kept her figure 7.①response②to③in④to 5made no response to my suggestion 6didn't respond to my suggestion 8.①about②up③with④into⑤across 9.①aside②off③forward l0.①As a result②As a result of③has resulted in ④results from 11.①across②to③over l2.①does catch a cold②did lose your temper l3.①has as big a garden as②as many mistakes as ③as much reciting work as④not as important as 话题十七人与环境 【突破重点词汇一有的放矢】 [对点练] l.①anxious②to know③about④with anxiety ⑤anxiously 2.①to lend②to look/looking③bothering 3.①harmful②in③do the least harm to the environment 4.①himself②were occupied③occupation 4Occupied in looking after 5Occupying herself in looking after 5.①积累；积聚②逐渐增强③建立④broke up ⑤pick up⑥takes up⑦making up 6.①to②to practice③being caught④leading the way 7.①down②up③set about④set out 8.①Ifso②If possible③if ever④If not 9.①stay;to stay②came③had finished 4Would you rather stay at home 话题十八人与动植物 【突破重点词汇—有的放矢】 [对点练] l.①to②to③it④owing to the ever increasing number of cars these years 2.①in②into③was panicked 3.①prohibition②becoming③on/against Oto prohibit people's smoking;to prohibit people from smoking 4.①various②vary③varieties④are 5.①with②in③on 6.①against②being killed③from 7.①of②in③to 8.DFollow your doctor's advice,and 2and the child will fall into 3or you may leave a poor impression on others 话题十九自然灾害 【突破重点词汇—一有的放矢】 [对点练] l.①in②into③burst with anger 2.①Buried②Burying③was buried④buried in reading 5burying himself in reading 3.①setting②to leave③to ask 4.①until/,to②holding 5.①in②being reduced③which ruined his chance of going abroad 4ruining his chance of going abroad 6.①on②by③survival 7.①（在逆境中）坚持②紧紧抓住；保留③别挂断 ④hung up⑤hang around/about⑥hang on to 8.①make way for②in the way③In no way ④under way 9.1Mary's/Mary marrying 2his/him not being allowed 3your joining our team Dintroducing modern technologies l0.①as②of③what 4three times as big as the previous one 5twice bigger than the previous one 6three times the size of the previous one 话题二十宇宙奥秘 【突破重点词汇一有的放矢】 [对点练] l.①at②at③distant④In⑤in the distance 2.①be measured②to③measuring④measuring 5 to take measures to help 3.①with②participants③participation④in 4.①into②in③for 4take great trouble to achieve/achieving some goals话题十九 ◆◆识记主题词汇 【常见单词】 1.burst t.&vi.爆裂；爆炸 vi.突然发生 n.爆裂；爆炸；突发 2.bury vt.埋葬；掩藏；埋头于 3.canal n.[C]运河；沟渠；水道 4.crack vi.&vt.(使)发出爆裂声；（使） 破裂；断裂 n.[C]裂缝；裂痕；爆裂声 5.damage n.[U门损害；损坏；损失 vt.损害；损坏 6.damp adj.有湿气的；潮湿的 n.[U门潮湿；湿气 7.dirty adj.肮脏的；卑鄙的 8.disaster n.灾难；不幸；彻底失败的人/事 9.earthquake n.[C]地震(quake) 10.express t.表达；表示；特快发送 adj.[只用于名词前]特快的；快 递的 n.[C]特快列车(express train); [U门快送；快递服务 11.extreme adj.[只用于名词前]极度的；极 端的；严重的；末端的；尽头的 n.[C]极端；极度 extremely adu.极其；非常 12.forbid vt.禁止；妨碍；阻止 forbidden adj.(因官方规定而)被禁止的 l3.headline n.[C](报纸的)标题 14.heal t.&i.治愈；愈合；康复 15.healthy adj.健康的 16.highlight ut.突出；强调；使醒目 n.[C]最精彩的部分 17.high-rise adj.多层的；高层的 n.[C]高楼 9 第一部分词汇复习篇 自然灾害 多多益善◆心 18.hilly adi.山丘的；丘陵的；多山的 l9.historical adj..历史上的；有关历史的 20.injure t.使受伤；伤害 injured adj.受伤的 injury n.伤害；受伤；伤处；受伤的人 21.national adi.国家的；全国性的；民族的； 国有的，国营的 22.outline n.概要；提纲；轮廓 t.概述；列…的纲要；画 出…的轮廓 23.postpone vt.使延迟；使延期 24.report i.&vt.报告；汇报 vt.举报；告发 n.[C]报告；汇报；成绩报告单 reporter n.[C]记者；报告人 25.rescue vt.营救 n.救援；营救 26.ruin ot.糟蹋；毁坏；使破产 n.[C](常用复数)废墟；遗迹；残 余[U门毁灭；破产 27.shelter n.[C]遮盖物；躲避处；避难所；居 住；住处；保护；掩蔽；庇护 t.掩护；保护；为…提供避 难所 .躲避；避难 28.shift vi.&vt.转移；移动；（使）改变 n.[C]转移；转换；班；轮班；（计 算机)转换键(shift key) 29.shock n.(爆炸、地震等引起的)强烈震 动；冲击；[C]电击；触电(electric shock);[常用单数]（精神上的）震 惊；打击；令人震惊的事；[U休克 vt.使震惊；使气愤 艺术生文化课考前100天英语 30.steam n.[U门水蒸气；蒸汽 wi.散发蒸汽 t.蒸（食物） steamer n.[C]汽船；蒸锅 31.survive ui.&t.幸存于；艰难度过 vi.保存下来 wt.比…活得长 survival n.幸存；继续存在；幸存物；残存物 survivor n.[C幸存者 【常用词块】 1.right away 立刻；马上 2.think little/nothing of以为…没什么 3.have a go (at) 试一试 4,in ruins 严重受损；破败不堪 ◆突破重点词汇 1.burst vi.(burst,.burst)爆裂；爆发n.突然破 裂；爆发 (I)burst in/into闯入；突然破门而入 burst out crying/laughing突然哭起来/ (2) burst into tears/laughterJ笑起来 burst with anger/joy勃然大怒/乐不可支 【点睛】burst in后不能接宾语，burst into后 接宾语。 【写作佳句背诵】 When she knew it was Julia,her granddaughter's teacher that took her to the hospital in time,she burst into tears..当她知 道是茱莉亚，她孙女的老师，把她及时送到医 院时，她泪流满面。（表情描写） 【对点练】 ○对比填空(in/into) ①He burst without knocking at the door,which made me very angry. ②He burst the room without knocking at the door,which made me very 5.dig out 掘出；发现 6.be meant to 旨在；目的是 7.be proud of 以…而自豪 8.judging from 从…判断 9.be trapped in 陷入；被困在 10.be buried in 埋头于 11.make way for 给…让路；让位 于… 12.hang on (=hold on) 不挂断；（在逆境中） 坚持；紧紧握住，保 留(to sth.) 13.call on sb.to do sth. 号召某人做某事 14.be fed up with 受够了；饱受；厌烦 15.keep out 关在门外；不准入内 有的放矢 angry. ○完成句子 ③He felt he would when he heard the bad news. 当他听到这个坏消息时，他感到要气炸了。 2.bury ut.掩埋；埋葬；隐藏 be buried in (1) 埋头于；专心于 bury oneself in (2)bury one's face in one's hands 双手掩面 【写作佳句背诵】 We have no choice but to try our best to rescue as many as possible,bury the dead, rebuild from the ruins and move on. 我们别无选择，只能尽最大努力去拯救尽可 能多的人，埋葬死者，从废墟中重建，然后继 续前进。 【对点练】 ○单句语法填空 ① (bury)in his study,he wasn't aware that all the others had left. ② (bury)his face in his hands,he tried to control his weeping. ③In the earth (bury)a jar with lots of ancient coins in it. O句式升级 He sat at a wooden table and was buried in reading. →④He sat at a wooden table, .(过去分词短语作状语) →⑤He sat at a wooden table, (现在分词短语作状语) 3.forbid vt.(forbade,forbidden)禁止；不准 forbid doing sth.=prohibit doing sth. 禁止做某事 forbid sb.to do sth.forbid sb.from doing sth.禁止某人做某事 【写作佳句背诵】 We should take measures to forbid returning illegal cooking oil to dinner tables. 我们应该采取措施禁止将地沟油退回餐桌。 【对点练】 ○单句语法填空 DIt is high time that we forbade (set)off fireworks in urban areas! ②You are forbidden (leave)the room unless you apologize for what you have done. 3His own pride forbids him (ask) Arthur's help. 4.postpone ut..推迟；延期 postpone doing sth,延缓/推迟做某事 postpone sth.until/to... 把某事推迟到… 【写作佳句背诵】 The notice came around two in the afternoon that the meeting would be postponed 10 第一部分词汇复习篇 下午两点左右传来通知，会议将延期。 【对点练】 O单句语法填空 DThe military training for the freshmen in the new term was postponed the next Sunday because of the bad weather. 2The headmaster postponed (hold)the meeting until all teachers arrived at the meeting room. 5.ruin n.[U]毁灭；毁坏；[常用复数]废墟；遗迹 vt.(使)毁灭；成为废墟 (I)lie/be in ruins成为废墟 be reduced to ruins沦为废墟 (2)ruin oneself毁掉自己；自取灭亡 ruin one's health/fame/future 毁掉某人的健康/声誉/前途 【写作佳句背诵】 Three days later,the fire was put out and some 500 blocks were in ruins. 三天后火被扑灭了，大约500个街区变成 废墟。 【对点练】 ○单句语法填空 1With time going on,the castle which once was very beautiful is now completely ruins, 2 Shortly after suffering from a massive earthquake and (reduce)to ruins, the city took on a new look. ○一句多译 他犯了个错误，这让他失去了出国的机会。 ③He made a mistake, (定语从句) ④He made a mistake, .（分词作状语) 艺术生文化课考前100天英语 6.survive ut.比…活得长；幸免于；（经 过…)活（保存）下来v.幸免；幸存；生还 (1)survive sth. 幸免于；从…中挺过来/活过来 survive on依靠…生存下来 survive from从…中存活下来；流传下来 A survive B(by..)A比B活得长(…) (2)survivor n.幸存者 survival n.[U门幸存；[C残存物 【写作佳句背诵】 We are now camped on the ice and we have been managing to survive,but spring is coming,and the ice will soon begin to melt. 我们现在在冰上扎营，并且一直在设法生存， 但是春天来了，冰很快就会开始融化。（环境 描写) 【对点练】 ○单句语法填空 DHow does the family survive such a small monthly wage? 2As far as I know,the old lady survived her husband 5 years. 3If he couldn't find his way out of the forest,there would be little chance of (survive). 【点睛】survive表示“幸免于难”时是及物动 词，其后不需要加介词in或from。 7.hang on(=hold on)不挂断；（在逆境中）坚 持；紧紧握住，保留(to sth.) hang on to抓紧；保留；不卖掉；不放弃 hang up(onsb.)挂断（某人的）电话 hang out晾出；闲逛 hang about/,around徘徊，闲荡 【写作佳句背诵】 Hang on and you'll succeed sooner or later. 坚持住，你迟早会成功的。 10 【对点练】 O写出下列句中hang on的含义 DIt's hard work,but if you hang on,you are sure to succeed in the end. 2There are some people who hang on to their jobs long after they should have retired. 3James will be back at once;hang on. ○选用上述短语填空 4While I was talking with a friend on the phone,he suddenly on me. 5The principal warned the students not to the corner e-bar after school. 6It was so windy that I had to my hat all the way along the street. 8.make way for给…让路；让位于… make one's way to向…走去 give way to让路；让步；被…代替 in the way挡路；挡道；妨碍 in a way在某种意义上 in no way绝不（位于句首，句子要部分倒装） under way在进行；在举行 on the way在路上：将要发生 【写作佳句背诵】 Please keep to the right and make way for faster runners. 请靠右，给跑得快的人让路。 【对点练】 ○选用上述短语填空 1 Many houses are being knocked down to a new park. 2No doubt he was just trying to help,but in fact he just got ③ can teaching in school be separated from practice. ④An investigation is to find out how the disaster happened. 9.动名词的复合结构 动名词的复合结构主要有两种情况： (1)名词所有格/名词的普通格十doing(如 Mary's/Mary marrying) (2)形容词性物主代词/人称代词的宾格十 doing his/him coming) 【点睛】如果动名词的复合结构作主语，其逻 辑主语只能用形容词性物主代词或名词所 有格。 【写作佳句背诵】 This crocodile is used to passengers throwing food from boats and now she is becoming familiar with humans. 这条鳄鱼已经习惯了船上游人们的投食，并 且正在不断熟悉人类。 【对点练】 ○完成句子 ①Ican't imagine such a young man. 我无法想象玛丽嫁给一个这样的年轻人。 2What worried the child most was to visit his mother in hospital. 最让那个孩子担心的是他不被允许去看望生 病住院的妈妈。 ③I believe will benefit us a lot. 我相信你加人我们的团队会给我们带来很多 好处。 ④Haiguo Tuzhi's and ideas to China opened our eyes to the world. 《海国图志》把现代技术和思想引进中国，使 我们看到了世界。 10.倍数+比较级+than 常见表示“倍数”的句型： (I)倍数+as+many/much+n.+as 103 第一部分词汇复习篇 (2)倍数+as+ad./adu.+as (3)倍数十形容词/副词比较级十than (4)倍数+the size/length/.height/depth/ width+of (5)倍数+what从句 【点睛】表示“两倍”时用twice或double,.三 倍或三倍以上用“基数词十times'”表达。此 句型中倍数也可以用分数、百分数、half等其 他程度状语。 【写作佳句背诵】 Stanley weighed three times as much as the other boy. 斯坦利的体重是另一个男孩的三倍。（外貌 描写) 【对点练】 ○单句语法填空 DThe new stadium being built for the next Asian Games will be three times as big the present one. 2 His latest novel is twice the length his previous one. 3Chery,a car maker in Anhui Province, sold nearly 700,000 units in 2018,with the total value more than three times it was in 2012. ○一句多译 我们学校的新体育馆占地面积约600平方 米，是原来的三倍大。 4Our new school stadium covers an area of about 600 square meters,which is 5Our new school stadium covers an area of about 600 square meters,which is 6Our new school stadium covers an area of about 600 square meters,which is