内容正文:
新人教版八年级英语(下)
单词讲解课件
Section A
What should we do when we don't feel well?
Unit 2 Stay Healthy
讲解内容
经典例题
例句翻译
常用搭配
读音、词性
新单词(预习)
New words
ourselves 我们自己
sore 疼痛的;酸痛的
throat 喉咙
stomachache 胃痛;肚子疼
headache 头痛
toothache 牙痛
backache 背痛;腰痛
press 压;按;挤;推
nosebleed 鼻出血
dentist 牙科医生
fever 发烧
stomach 胃;腹部
avoid 避免;防止
gas 气体;燃气
ache 疼痛
X-ray X光照片;X射线
careless 不小心的;粗心的
runny 流鼻涕的;流眼泪的
cough 咳嗽
bruised 受了瘀伤的
新单词(预习)
New words
suffer 受苦;遭受
suffer from 受苦;受折磨
take a seat 坐下
take one's temperature 给某人量体温
test 检查;测验
flu 流行性感冒
medicine 药;医学
mask 口罩
virus 病毒
stop...from doing 防止…;阻止…
description 描写;形容
patient 病人;有耐心的
injury 伤害;损伤
illness 疾病
knife 刀
clear 清晰的;清楚的;清理
pain 疼痛;痛苦
what's more 更有甚者;更为重要的是
brightness 亮度
environment 环境
cross 穿越;横过;交叉
ourselves /ˌaʊəˈselvz; ɑːrˈselvz/pron. 我们自己
巧记:
our(我们的)+ selves(复数形式的自己)
搭配:
by ourselves(我们自己)、enjoy ourselves(玩得开心)
原文例句:
They enjoyed learning how to do many things themselves.(他们喜欢学习如何自己做很多事情。)
词类转换:
self(n. 自己)、myself(我自己)、yourself(你自己)
考点:反身代词,作动词或介词的宾语,表示动作返回到主语自身
经典例题:
We cooked dinner ______ yesterday.
A. ourself B. ourselves C. our
答案:B
sore /sɔː(r)/adj. 疼痛的;酸痛的
巧记:
谐音“嗽”→ 咳嗽导致喉咙痛
搭配:
sore throat(喉咙痛)、sore muscles(肌肉酸痛)
原文例句:
I have a sore throat.
词类转换:
soreness(n. 疼痛)
考点:常用来描述身体部位的疼痛感
经典例题:
After the workout, I had ______ legs.
A. sore B. pain C. hurt
答案:A
throat /θrəʊt/n. 喉咙
巧记:
th(想成“through通过”)+ road(路)→ 食物通过的路
搭配:
sore throat(喉咙痛)、clear one's throat(清嗓子)
原文例句:
My throat hurts too.(我的喉咙也痛。)
词类转换:
throaty(adj. 嘶哑的)
考点:可数名词,但通常用单数形式
经典例题:
She has a ______ and can't speak loudly.
A. throat sore B. sore throat C. throat pain
答案:B
stomachache /ˈstʌməkeɪk/n. 胃痛;肚子疼
巧记:
stomach(胃)+ ache(痛)
搭配:
have a stomachache(胃痛)、get a stomachache(得胃痛)
原文例句:
I have a stomachache.(我胃痛。)
词类转换:
stomach(n. 胃)
考点:可数名词,常用单数形式
经典例题:
I can't eat anything because I have a ______.
A. stomach B. stomachache C. stomach pain
答案:B
headache /ˈhedeɪk/n. 头痛
巧记:
head(头)+ ache(痛)
搭配:
have a headache(头痛)、bad headache(严重头痛)
原文例句:
headache(头痛)【单元单词表搭配】
词类转换:
headachy(adj. 头痛的)
考点:可数名词,常用单数形式
经典例题:
The noise gave me a terrible ______.
A. head B. headache C. head pain
答案:B
toothache /ˈtuːθeɪk/n. 牙痛
巧记:
tooth(牙齿)+ ache(痛)
搭配:
have a toothache(牙痛)、terrible toothache(严重牙痛)
原文例句:
I have a really bad toothache.(我牙痛得很厉害。)
词类转换:
tooth(n. 牙齿)
考点:可数名词,但通常用单数形式
经典例题:
You should see the dentist if you have a ______.
A. tooth B. toothache C. teethache
答案:B
backache /ˈbækeɪk/n. 背痛;腰痛
巧记:
back(背)+ ache(痛)
搭配:
have a backache(背痛)、suffer from backache(患背痛)
原文例句:
backache(背痛)【单元单词表搭配】
词类转换:
back(n. 背部)
考点:可数名词,常用单数形式
经典例题:
Sitting too long can cause a ______.
A. back B. backache C. back pain
答案:B
press /pres/. 压;按;挤;推
巧记:
谐音“迫死”→ 压迫
搭配:
press down(压下)、press a button(按按钮)
原文例句:
Press down on your nose.(按住你的鼻子。)
词类转换:
pressure(n. 压力)、pressing(adj. 紧迫的)
考点:及物动词,可直接接宾语
经典例题:
______ the button to start the machine.
A. Press B. Push C. Pull
答案:A(press强调向下压)
nosebleed /ˈnəʊzbliːd/n. 鼻出血
巧记:
nose(鼻子)+ bleed(流血)
搭配:
have a nosebleed(流鼻血)
get a nosebleed(鼻子流血)
例句:
Whenever I have a cold I get a nosebleed.
每次我一感冒都会流鼻血。
词类转换:
nose(n. 鼻子)、bleed(v. 流血)
考点:可数名词,常用单数形式
经典例题:
He had a ______ after he fell down.
A. nosebleed B. nose blood C. bleeding nose
答案:A
dentist /ˈdentɪst/n. 牙科医生
巧记:
dent(牙齿)+ -ist(专业人士)
搭配:
see a dentist(看牙医)、dentist's office(牙医诊所)
原文例句:
You should see the dentist and get an X-ray.(你应该去看牙医并拍X光片。)
词类转换:
dental(adj. 牙齿的)、dentistry(n. 牙科学)
考点:可数名词,职业名称
经典例题:
I have an appointment with the ______ tomorrow.
A. dentist B. doctor C. nurse
答案:A
fever /ˈfiːvə(r)/n. 发烧
巧记:
谐音“沸热”→ 身体发热
搭配:
have a fever(发烧)、high fever(高烧)
原文例句:
I have a runny nose and a fever.(我流鼻涕还发烧。)
词类转换:
feverish(adj. 发烧的)
考点:可数名词,但通常用单数形式
经典例题:
If you have a ______, you should stay in bed.
A. fever B. cold C. cough
答案:A
stomach /ˈstʌmək/n. 胃;腹部
巧记:
sto(谐音"石头")+ mach(谐音"磨")→ 胃像石头磨食物
搭配:
stomach ache(胃痛)、on an empty stomach(空腹)
原文例句:
Now my stomach aches.(现在我的胃痛。)
词类转换:
stomachache(n. 胃痛)
考点:可数名词,复数形式:stomachs
经典例题:
Don't drink coffee on an empty ______.
A. stomach B. stomachache C. belly
答案:A
avoid /əˈvɔɪd/v. 避免;防止
巧记:
a(加强语气)+ void(空的)→ 使空出来以避免
搭配:
avoid doing sth.(避免做某事)、avoid danger(避开危险)
原文例句:
Avoid soft drinks for now as the gas could make the ache worse.(暂时避免喝软饮料,因为气体可能让疼痛加重。)
词类转换:avoidable(adj. 可避免的)、avoidance(n. 避免)
考点:后接名词或动名词作宾语
经典例题:
You should ______ eating too much sugar.
A. avoid B. stop C. prevent
答案:A
gas /ɡæs/n. 气体;燃气
巧记:
谐音"该死"→ 煤气泄漏很危险
搭配:
natural gas(天然气)、gas stove(煤气灶)
原文例句:
Avoid soft drinks for now as the gas could make the ache worse.(暂时避免喝软饮料,因为气体可能让疼痛加重。)
词类转换:
gaseous(adj. 气态的)、gasify(v. 气化)
考点:作"气体"解时不可数,作"气体种类"解时可数
经典例题:
The balloon is filled with ______.
A. a gas B. gas C. gases
答案:B
ache /eɪk/n. & v. 疼痛
巧记:
谐音"哎咳"→ 疼痛时的呻吟声
搭配:
headache(头痛)、stomach ache(胃痛)
原文例句:
Now my stomach aches.(现在我的胃痛。)
词类转换:
achy(adj. 疼痛的)
考点:作名词时常与其他身体部位构成复合词;作动词时不及物
经典例题:
My legs ______ after running.
A. ache B. pain C. hurt
答案:A
X-ray /ˈeks reɪ/n. X光照片;X射线
巧记:
X(字母)+ ray(射线)
搭配:
have an X-ray(拍X光片)
X-ray machine(X光机)
原文例句:
You might need an X-ray.
(你可能需要拍X光片。)
考点:可数名词,复数:X-rays
经典例题:
The doctor asked him to get an ______ of his arm.
A. X-ray B. photo C. picture
答案:A
careless /ˈkeələs/adj. 不小心的;粗心的
巧记:
care(小心)+ -less(无…的)
搭配:
careless mistake(粗心的错误)、careless driver(粗心的司机)
原文例句:
Accidents can happen when we're careless.(当我们粗心时可能会发生事故。)
词类转换:
carelessly(adv. 粗心地)、carelessness(n. 粗心)
考点:反义词:careful(小心的)
经典例题:
It was ______ of you to leave the door unlocked.
A. careful B. careless C. care
答案:B
runny /ˈrʌni/adj. 流鼻涕的;流眼泪的
巧记:
run(流)+ ny(形容词后缀)
搭配:
runny nose(流鼻涕)
runny eyes(流泪的眼睛)
原文例句:
I have a runny nose and a fever.
(我流鼻涕还发烧。)
词类转换:
run(v. 流)
考点:通常只作定语,修饰nose、eyes等
经典例题:
When you have a cold, you often have a ______.
A. runny nose B. running nose C. nose runny
答案:A
cough /kɒf/n. & v. 咳嗽
巧记:
谐音"咳夫"→ 咳嗽的人
搭配:
bad cough(严重咳嗽)
cough medicine(咳嗽药)
例句:
Dirt from the motorway made him cough.
公路上的灰尘使他咳嗽起来。
词类转换:
coughing(n. 咳嗽)
考点:可数名词,但通常用单数形式
经典例题:
She has a terrible ______ and needs to see a doctor.
A. cough B. cold C. fever
答案:A
bruised /bruːzd/adj. 受了瘀伤的
巧记:
bruise(瘀伤)+ -d(形容词后缀)
搭配:
bruised knee(瘀伤的膝盖)
bruised face(瘀伤的脸)
原文例句:
He was slightly bruised but otherwise unhurt.
他除了一点青肿之外没有受伤。
词类转换:
bruise(n./v. 瘀伤)
考点:过去分词作形容词,描述状态
经典例题:
After the fall, his arm was badly ______.
A. bruise B. bruised C. bruising
答案:B
suffer /ˈsʌfə(r)/v. 受苦;遭受
巧记:
谐音"舒服"的反义词 → 不舒服就是受苦
搭配:
suffer pain(遭受疼痛)、suffer from(患...病)
原文例句:
I'm suffering from a very bad headache.(我头痛得很厉害。)
词类转换:
suffering(n. 痛苦)、sufferer(n. 受苦者)
考点:不及物动词,常与from连用表示"患...病"
经典例题:
Many people ______ from stress these days.
A. suffer B. have C. get
答案:A
take a seat坐下
巧记:
take(拿)+ a seat(一个座位)
搭配:
Please take a seat.(请坐。)
原文例句:
Take a seat, Helen.
(坐下,海伦。)
考点:礼貌用语,相当于have a seat或sit down
经典例题:
The doctor said, "______, please."
A. Take a seat B. Take chair C. Take sit
答案:A
take one's temperature给某人量体温
巧记:
take(测量)+ one's temperature(某人的体温)
搭配:
take my temperature(量我的体温)
take a temperature(量体温)
原文例句:
Let me take your temperature.
(让我量一下你的体温。)
考点:temperature前通常有形容词性物主代词
经典例题:
The nurse will ______ when you arrive.
A. take your temperature B. take temperature C. take a temperature
答案:A
test /test/n. & v. 检查;测验
巧记:
谐音"太死特"→ 测验太死板
搭配:
blood test(血液检查)
test result(测试结果)
原文例句:
We'll need to do a test.
(我们需要做一个检查。)
词类转换:
testing(adj. 考验的)、testable(adj. 可测试的)
考点:作名词可数,作动词及物
经典例题:
The doctor wants to ______ your eyesight.
A. test B. check C. examine
答案:A(test强调用特定方法检查)
flu /fluː/n. 流行性感冒
巧记:
influenza的缩写
搭配:
have the flu(患流感)
flu season(流感季节)
原文例句:
I believe you have the flu.
(我相信你得了流感。)
词类转换:
flu-like(adj. 类似流感的)
考点:不可数名词,通常与the连用
经典例题:
She stayed home because she had ______.
A. flu B. the flu C. a flu
答案:B
medicine /ˈmedsn/n. 药;医学
巧记:
med(医疗)+ icine(名词后缀)
搭配:
take medicine(吃药)
traditional Chinese medicine(中医)
原文例句:
You should take some medicine.(你应该吃些药。)
词类转换:
medical(adj. 医学的)、medicinal(adj. 药用的)
考点:作"药"解时不可数,作"医学"解时不可数
经典例题:
You need to take the ______ three times a day.
A. medicine B. medicines C. medical
答案:A
mask /mɑːsk/n. 口罩
巧记:
谐音"马赛克"→ 像马赛克一样遮住脸
搭配:
wear a mask(戴口罩)
surgical mask(外科口罩)
原文例句:
When you're outside, please wear a mask.(在外面时请戴口罩。)
词类转换:
masked(adj. 戴面具的)
考点:可数名词,复数:masks
经典例题:
It's important to ______ in crowded places.
A. wear mask B. wear a mask C. put mask
答案:B
virus /ˈvaɪrəs/n. 病毒
巧记:
谐音"外来死"→ 外来病毒致死
搭配:
computer virus(计算机病毒)
flu virus(流感病毒)
原文例句:
It stops us from passing the flu virus to others easily.
(它能阻止我们轻易地把流感病毒传给他人。)
词类转换:viral(adj. 病毒的)、virulent(adj. 剧毒的)
考点:可数名词,复数:viruses
经典例题:
A new ______ has been discovered.
A. virus B. viruses C. viral
答案:A
stop...from doing防止...;阻止...
巧记:
stop(停止)+ from(从...)+ doing(做)
搭配:
stop sb. from doing sth.(阻止某人做某事)
原文例句:
It stops us from passing the flu virus to others easily.
(它能阻止我们轻易地把流感病毒传给他人。)
考点:stop可替换为prevent或keep,都表示"阻止"
经典例题:
The rain ______ us ______ going out.
A. stopped...from B. stopped...to C. stopped...for
答案:A
description /dɪˈskrɪpʃn/n. 描写;形容
巧记:
de(加强)+ script(写)+ ion(名词后缀)
搭配:
detailed description(详细描述)、give a description(进行描述)
原文例句:
Helen's descriptions of her problems(海伦对自己问题的描述)
词类转换:
describe(v. 描述)、descriptive(adj. 描述性的)
考点:可数名词,常用单数形式
经典例题:
Can you give me a ______ of the person you saw?
A. describe B. description C. descriptive
答案:B
patient /ˈpeɪʃnt/n. 病人 adj. 有耐心的
巧记:
谐音"陪诊特"→ 陪诊需要耐心
搭配:
hospital patient(住院病人)、be patient with(对...有耐心)
原文例句:
Act out a conversation between a doctor and a patient.(表演医生和病人之间的对话。)
词类转换:
patience(n. 耐心)、patiently(adv. 耐心地)
考点:作名词可数,作形容词表语或定语
经典例题:
The doctor is talking to his ______.
A. patient B. patience C. patiently
答案:A
injury /ˈɪndʒəri/n. 伤害;损伤
巧记:
in(不)+ jury(公正)→ 不公正对待造成伤害
搭配:
serious injury(严重伤害)
head injury(头部受伤)
原文例句:
Asking about injuries / illnesses(询问受伤/疾病情况)
词类转换:
injure(v. 伤害)、injured(adj. 受伤的)
考点:可数名词,通常用复数形式指多处受伤
经典例题:
He suffered minor ______ in the accident.
A. injury B. injuries C. injure
答案:B
illness /ˈɪlnəs/n. 疾病
巧记:
ill(生病的)+ ness(名词后缀)
搭配:
serious illness(重病)、mental illness(精神疾病)
原文例句:
Asking about injuries / illnesses(询问受伤/疾病情况)
词类转换:
ill(adj. 生病的)
考点:可数名词,复数:illnesses
经典例题:
She has recovered from her ______.
A. ill B. illness C. sick
答案:B
knife /naɪf/n. (pl. knives /naɪvz/) 刀
巧记:
谐音"耐夫"→ 耐用的刀具
搭配:
kitchen knife(菜刀)、knife and fork(刀叉)
例句:
The knife sliced his jacket.
那把刀划破了他的上衣。
词类转换:
knife(v. 用刀切)
考点:不规则复数:knives
经典例题:
Be careful with that ______!
A. knife B. knives C. knifes
答案:A
clear /klɪə(r)/adj. 清晰的;清楚的 v. 清理
巧记:
c(看作see看)+ lear(学习)→ 看得清楚才能学习
搭配:
clear mind(清醒的头脑)、clear the table(清理桌子)
例句:
Please clear the table after dinner.
词类转换:
clearly(adv. 清楚地)、clearance(n. 清除)
考点:作动词时可与up连用:clear up(清理;天气放晴)
经典例题:
The instructions are not very ______.
A. clear B. clearly C. clean
答案:A
pain /peɪn/n. 疼痛;痛苦
巧记:
谐音"呸嗯"→ 疼痛时的声音
搭配:
in pain(疼痛)、feel pain(感到疼痛)
原文例句:
The little boy fell off his chair and cried out in pain.(小男孩从椅子上摔下来,痛得大叫。)
词类转换:
painful(adj. 疼痛的)、painless(adj. 无痛的)
考点:可数名词,指具体疼痛;不可数名词,指痛苦的感觉
经典例题:
I have a ______ in my back.
A. pain B. pains C. painful
答案:A
what's more更有甚者;更为重要的是
巧记:
what(什么)+ is(是)+ more(更多)
搭配:
用于引出更重要或额外的信息
原文例句:
What's more, you shouldn't change your screen's brightness...
(更重要的是,你不应该改变屏幕亮度...)
考点:连接词,用于递进关系,相当于"而且"、"此外"
经典例题:
She's smart, and ______, she's hard-working.
A. what's more B. what's worse C. what's new
答案:A
brightness /ˈbraɪtnəs/n. 亮度
巧记:
bright(明亮的)+ ness(名词后缀)
搭配:
screen brightness(屏幕亮度)、adjust the brightness(调整亮度)
原文例句:
you shouldn't change your screen's brightness...(你不应该改变屏幕亮度...)
词类转换:
bright(adj. 明亮的)、brighten(v. 变亮)
考点:不可数名词
经典例题:
You can adjust the ______ of your phone screen.
A. bright B. brightness C. brighter
答案:B
environment /ɪnˈvaɪrənmənt/n. 环境
巧记:
environ(环绕)+ ment(名词后缀)
搭配:
natural environment(自然环境)、learning environment(学习环境)
原文例句:
to try and match your environment(尝试匹配你的环境)
词类转换:
environmental(adj. 环境的)
考点:可数名词,但通常用单数形式
经典例题:
We should protect our ______.
A. environment B. environments C. environmental
答案:A
cross /krɒs/v. 穿越;横过;交叉
巧记:
c(看作care小心)+ ross(谐音"肉丝")→ 小心横过马路不要变成肉丝
搭配:
cross the road(过马路)、cross one's fingers(交叉手指)
原文例句:
you certainly shouldn't look at it when you cross the road!(过马路时当然不应该看手机!)
词类转换:crossing(n. 十字路口)、crosswalk(n. 人行横道)
考点:及物动词,可直接接宾语
经典例题:
Be careful when you ______ the street.
A. cross B. across C. crossing
答案:A
新单词(复习)
New words
ourselves 我们自己
sore 疼痛的;酸痛的
throat 喉咙
stomachache 胃痛;肚子疼
headache 头痛
toothache 牙痛
backache 背痛;腰痛
press 压;按;挤;推
nosebleed 鼻出血
dentist 牙科医生
fever 发烧
stomach 胃;腹部
avoid 避免;防止
gas 气体;燃气
ache 疼痛
X-ray X光照片;X射线
careless 不小心的;粗心的
runny 流鼻涕的;流眼泪的
cough 咳嗽
bruised 受了瘀伤的
新单词(复习)
New words
suffer 受苦;遭受
suffer from 受苦;受折磨
take a seat 坐下
take one's temperature 给某人量体温
test 检查;测验
flu 流行性感冒
medicine 药;医学
mask 口罩
virus 病毒
stop...from doing 防止…;阻止…
description 描写;形容
patient 病人;有耐心的
injury 伤害;损伤
illness 疾病
knife 刀
clear 清晰的;清楚的;清理
pain 疼痛;痛苦
what's more 更有甚者;更为重要的是
brightness 亮度
environment 环境
cross 穿越;横过;交叉
感谢聆听 批评指导
Thanks for listening
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