期末复习课件（语文版基础模块3 Unit3 Natural Disaster Prevention）-2025-2026学年高二上学期《英语期末考点大串讲》

2025-2026学年高二上学期 《期末考点大串讲》 基础模块3 （语文版2022版） Unit3 Natural Disasters Prevention 1 CONTENTS 复习目标与重难点 01 重点词汇巩固与练习 02 重点短语、句型句式巩固与练习 03 单元语法巩固与练习 04 单元话题复习与练习 05 常考题型技巧点拨 06 目录 2 Part 01 复习目标与重难点 02 记忆并运用 drop down、prepare for 等短语；理解 it 作形式主语、时间 / 条件状语从句等用法；运用句型描述灾难自救建议，在写作中完成 “灾难预防指南” 相关内容。 短语与句型 04 掌握自然灾害预防相关词汇与句型；听懂灾难自救对话并获取关键信息；口头介绍自救措施，书面撰写 “地震自救指南” 等短文。 话题 01 准确认读、拼写 disaster、earthquake 等重点词，掌握 natural disaster、emergency kit 等搭配；完成 prevent 等核心词汇的词义辨析与词性转换；在句子或语篇中运用词汇描述灾难预防与自救。 词汇 03 区分非谓语动词（动名词、分词、不定式）作宾补、定语等用法；掌握非谓语动词在句中的功能；运用非谓语动词描述灾难相关动作。 语法 复习目标 01 一、重点内容 词汇：基础词汇（disaster、flood 等）和核心词汇（prevent 等）的拼写、搭配、辨析与转换。 短语：drop down、cover one's head、hold on 等与灾难自救场景相关的常用短语。 句型：It is important to stay calm...（it 作形式主语）、If you are in...（if 条件句）等重点句型及运用。 语法：非谓语动词（动名词、分词、不定式）的用法，主动与被动转换规则。 话题：自然灾害类型、自救措施、预防准备等相关交流表达。 02 二、难点突破 词汇：结合 “灾难预防” 主题场景记忆词汇搭配，通过对比法辨析 prevent 与 avoid 等易混词，借 “词性转换链” 巩固词汇变形。 语法：整理非谓语动词用法表，结合灾难场景句子练习；针对感官动词、使役动词后非谓语动词的特殊用法开展专项训练。 题型：建立 “灾难自救表达素材库”，积累描述动作、措施的常用表达；通过仿写、复述提升口语与书面表达的连贯性。 复习重难点 Part 02 重点词汇巩固与练习 知识点01：Unit3 重点词汇 1. disaster n.灾难，灾害 2. measure n.措施，方法 3. prevention n.预防，防止 4. cause v. / n.造成，引起；原因，事业 5. damage n.损害，危害 6. flood n.洪水，水灾 7. earthquake n.地震 8. typhoon n.飓风，台风 9. flashlight n.手电筒 10. supply n. / v.供应，储备；供应 11. immediately adv.立即，马上 12. robot n.机器人 13. chain n.链条，连锁 14. detailed adj.详细的 15. organise v.组织，安排 16. underneath prep.在……下面 17. hide v.躲藏 18. storm n.暴风雨 19. hit v.袭击，使……受害 20. snowstorm n.暴风雪 21. heartbreaking adj.令人心碎的 22. struggle v.挣扎，奋斗 23. village n.村庄 24. terrible adj.可怕的，非常严重的 词汇判断(1-5题) 1. 灾难 A. disaster　B. disease　C. danger　D. damage 4. 原因（名词） A. case　B. course　C. cause　D. care 2. 措施 A. message　B. measure　C. method　D. medal 5. 洪水 A. flood　B. food　C. fluid　D. fold 3. 预防 A. prevention　B. protection　C. pollution　D. population 答案：1-5ABACA 即时练习 词汇判断(6-10题) 6. 地震 A. sunlight　B. thunder　C. moonlight　D. earthquake 9. 组织（动词） A. offer　B. operate　C. observe　D.organise 7. 立即地 A. recently　B.immediately C. gradually　D. suddenly 10. 可怕的 A.difficult　B. probable　C. terrible　D.dangerous 8. 手电筒 A. flashlight　B. spotlight　C. sunlight　D. moonlight 答案：6-10DBADC 即时练习 二、词汇填空（11-15题） 即时练习 The heavy rain caused a serious ________ (洪水) in the small town. 11 The government took effective ________ (措施) to reduce air pollution. 12 We should pay attention to the ________ (预防) of common diseases in winter. 13 The strong wind ________ (造成) great ________ (损害) to the crops. 14 Please take a ________ (手电筒) with you when you go camping at night. 15 flood flashlight prevention caused measure damage 二、词汇填空（16-20题） 即时练习 The company will ________ (供应) fresh vegetables to the community every week. 16 You should call the police ________ (立即) if you see a crime. 17 They need to ________ (组织) a volunteer team to help the homeless people. 18 The cat likes to ________ (躲藏) ________ (在……下面) the sofa when it rains. 19 The ________ (暴风雪) blocked the roads and delayed many flights. 20 suppky snowstorm organise hide immediately under Part 03 重点短语、句型句式巩固与练习 知识点02：重点短语 模块 短语列表 Warm-up natural disaster 自然灾害、know about 了解、cause damage 造成破坏、self-help skill 自助技能、turn off 关掉、plastic bags 塑料袋、keep calm 保持平静、stay away from 远离、prepare... for... 为……做准备、lock the door 锁门、an emergency kit 应急设备、keep informed by 知晓、in case 以免、a mud rock flow 泥石流 Listening thanks to 多亏，由于、the China Earthquake Networks Centre 中国地震台网中心、 make up 组成、back up 支持、provide... for 为……提供 Reading Lantian Vocational School 蓝天职业学校、be conducted to 旨在、react to 对……作出反应、drop down 卧倒、hold on 抓紧不放、in most situations 在大多数情况下、knock sb. down 砸倒、protect sb. from... 保护某人免受、allow sb. to do 允许某人做、be prepared to do 准备做、go on 进行、stay connected and informed 保持联系和知情 Speaking talk with sb. about 跟某人谈论、seem to be 看起来是、struggle for help 挣扎救命、get timely help 得到及时的帮助 Culture Corner prepare for 为……做准备、plan ahead 提前计划、make a plan 做计划、make sure 确保、learn about 了解、emergency plan 应急方案、warning signals 提醒信号、evacuation route 逃生路线、get sb. ready for 让某人为……做好准备、be prepared to do 准备做、turn off 关掉、gas and water supply 燃气和水供应、 a fire extinguisher 灭火器、stay tuned to 关注收听、television station 电视台、 at least 至少、first aid kit 急救设备、sleeping bags 睡袋 知识点02：重点句式句型 模块 句型句式列表 Listening 1. Thanks to a robot, the China Earthquake Networks Centre (CENC) was the first to report the Jiuzhaigou earthquake on Tuesday evening.（多亏了一个机器人，中国地震网络中心（CENC）在周二晚上成为了第一个报道九寨沟地震的中心。） 2. Keep yourself and your loved ones safe by planning ahead.（通过提前计划，确保你自己和你所爱的人的安全。） 3. Make sure everyone knows the name and phone number of the contact person.（确保每个人都知道联系人的姓名和电话号码。） 4. Get your home ready for a flood.（让你的家准备好迎接洪水的来临。） 5. Be prepared to turn off electrical power, gas and water supplies before you evacuate.（在你撤离前，要准备好关闭电力、天然气和供水系统。） 6. Make sure your family knows where it is and how to use it.（确保你的家人知道它在哪里以及如何使用它。） 知识点02：重点句式句型 模块 句型句式列表 Reading 1. Today’s exercises were conducted to react quickly and correctly to three life-saving skills: DROP DOWN, COVER, and HOLD ON.（今天的练习是为了对三种拯救生命的技能做出快速和正确的反应：下蹲、掩护和保持。） 2. What do you do to keep yourself and your loved ones safe during an earthquake?（在地震中，你做什么来保护自己和你爱的人的安全？） 3. This position protects you from falling and allows you to still move if necessary.（这个姿势可以保护你不摔倒，并允许你在必要时仍然移动。） 4. Be prepared to move with your cover if the shaking is still going on.（如果摇晃还在继续，准备好和掩护物一起移动。） 5. Remember that everybody should stay connected and informed.（记住，每个人都应该保持联系和关注信息。） 知识点02：重点句式句型 模块 句型句式列表 Speaking 1. TV news says storms and floods have hit most of the South this summer.（电视新闻称，今年夏天，风暴和洪水已经袭击了南部的大部分地区。） 2. There are natural disasters in many parts of the world every year, but this year it seems to be the most disastrous year in my country.（世界上许多地方每年都有自然灾害，但今年似乎是我国灾难性最严重的一年。） 3. There have been so many reports of snowstorms, floods, and earthquakes.（已经有很多关于暴风雪、洪水和地震的报道了。） 4. It’s so heartbreaking to see with our own eyes people struggling for help.（亲眼看到人们努力寻求帮助，真是令人心碎。） 5. This year, there was a serious flood in my hometown.（今年，我的家乡发生了一场严重的洪水。） 知识点02：重点句式句型 模块 句型句式列表 Culture Corner 1. Keep yourself and your loved ones safe by planning ahead.（提前做好计划，确保自己和亲人的安全。） 2. Make a communication plan for your family.（为家人制定沟通计划。） 3. Make sure everyone knows the name and phone number of the contact person.（确保每个人都知道联系人的姓名和电话号码。） 4. Get your home ready for a flood.（让你的家为预防洪水做好准备。） 5. Be prepared to turn off the electrical power, gas and water supplies before you evacuate.（撤离前准备好关闭电源、燃气和供水设备。） 6. Prepare enough water and food supply, at least for three days.（准备至少够用三天的水和食物。） 一、短语填空（1-5题） 即时练习 1．We should ________ (为……做准备) possible natural disasters, like earthquakes or floods. 2．When an earthquake happens, you must ________ (保持平静) and don’t run around in a panic. 3．Before leaving home during a flood, remember to ________ (关掉) the gas and water supply. 4．Every family should keep ________ (应急设备) at home, such as flashlights and first-aid kits. 5．All club members ________ ________ ________ different kinds of cultural activities every month. prepare for keep calm an emergency kit stay away from turn off 二、汉译英（6-10题） 即时练习 6．地震发生时，我们要学会一些自助技能。 7．多亏了应急设备，很多人在洪水中得到了帮助。 8．我们可以通过电视新闻了解自然灾害的最新情况。 9．离开家前锁好门，以免有危险。 10．学校会组织演练，教学生如何应对地震。 【答案】When an earthquake happens, we should learn some self-help skills 【答案】Thanks to the emergency kit, many people got help in the flood. 【答案】We can know about the latest news of natural disasters through TV news. 【答案】Lock the door before you leave home in case of danger. 【答案】Schools will organize drills to teach students how to react to earthquakes. Part 04 单元语法巩固与练习 知识点03：动名词的用法 用法分类 具体说明及示例 1. 作主语 表示抽象概念，泛指动作，不涉及具体动作或特定执行者，谓语动词用单数。 Learning is difficult but interesting. 学习很难但很有趣。 Teaching you English is my job. 教你们英语是我的工作。 注意：动名词作主语时，可用it作形式主语，常见表语词/词组：no good, no use, worth, useless, a waste of等。 It is no use crying. 哭是没用的。 It’s no good complaining. 抱怨是没用的。 警示语常用 "No+动名词" 结构： No parking! 禁止停车! No smoking! 禁止吸烟! No spitting! 禁止随地吐痰! 知识点03：动名词的用法 2. 作宾语 通常放在及物动词或介词后。 He practises playing the piano every day. 他每天练习弹钢琴。 I am looking forward to hearing from you. 我盼望收到你的来信。 只能接动名词作宾语的动词：suggest, avoid, mind, admit, enjoy, practice, dislike, finish等。 We should practice reading English every day. 我们应该每天都练习读英语。 Would you mind opening the window? 你介意打开窗户吗？ 只能接动名词作宾语的短语：feel like, give up, put off, be fond of, be interested in, look forward to, can’t help, be worth, be busy等。 The boys are fond of swimming. 男孩子们喜欢游泳。 I do not feel like cooking today. 我今天不想做饭。 既可接动名词也可接不定式的动词：love, like, hate, dislike, begin, start, continue等（含义相同）。 Will you start working/to work? 你将开始工作吗? 特殊含义动词：remember, forget, regret, stop（动名词表先于/同时于谓语的动作；不定式表后于谓语的动作）。 I remember posting the letter. 我记得已把这封信寄走了。 Don’t forget to turn off the lights. 别忘了关灯。 3. 作表语 说明主语的内容或性质。 His part time job is taking care of the children. 他的兼职工作是照顾孩子们。 4. 作定语 通常表示被修饰名词的用途或功能。 There is a swimming pool in our school. 我们学校里有一个游泳池。 His father works in a printing shop. 他的父亲在一家印刷厂工作。 知识点03：分词的用法 用法分类 具体说明及示例 1. 作定语 （1）现在分词作定语 单个现在分词作定语通常置于名词前，短语作定语置于名词后，表主动或进行。 a sleeping boy（正在睡觉的男孩）；boiling water（沸水） Do you know the man standing at the gate? 你认识站在门口的那个人吗? The girl wearing a red dress is my roommate. 穿红裙子的姑娘是我的室友。 （2）过去分词作定语 表被动或完成，单个分词常前置，短语常后置。 There are many fallen leaves on the ground. 地上有许多落叶。 This is a book written by a peasant. 这是一位农民写的书。 知识点03：分词的用法 2. 作表语 （1）现在分词作表语 多表示主语的性质或特征，常译为“令人……的”。 The news is exciting. 这个消息令人兴奋。 His words are moving. 他的话令人感动。 （2）过去分词作表语 多表示主语的状态或感受，常译为“感到……的”或“被……的”。 I was pleased at the news. 听了这个消息我很高兴。 The cup is broken. 杯子破了。 知识点03：分词的用法 3. 作状语 （1）现在分词作状语 表主动、进行，可作时间、原因、方式、条件、伴随、结果等状语。 Hearing the news, they jumped with great joy.（时间）听到这个消息，他们都高兴地跳了起来。 Being ill, he didn’t go to school yesterday.（原因）由于生病，他昨天没有上学。 Working hard at your lessons, you will succeed.（条件）如果你努力学习，你将会成功。 His father died, leaving him a lot of money.（结果）他父亲死了，留给他许多钱。 He lay on the grass, staring at the sky for a long time.（伴随）他躺在草地上，长时间地仰望天空。 可与when/while连用： When crossing street, you must be careful. 过马路时，你一定要小心。 While driving to work, he listens to music. 他在开车去上班的时候，听音乐。 （2）过去分词作状语 表被动、完成，可作时间、条件、结果等状语。 Seen from the hill, the park looks beautiful.（时间）从山上看，这个公园看起来很漂亮。 Compared with you, I still have a long way to go.（条件）和你相比，我还有很长的路要走。 The eggs fell to the ground, broken.（结果）鸡蛋掉在地上，碎了。 知识点03：分词的用法 4. 作宾补 （1）现在分词作宾补 用于see, hear, watch, notice, keep, get, find, have, feel等感官/使役动词后，表主动、进行。 I saw Mr. White playing the piano. 我看见怀特先生正在弹钢琴。 She heard someone singing in the next room. 她听见有人在隔壁房间唱歌。 I watched him leaving the room. 我看着他离开了房间。 He made me go with him. 他让我和他一起去。 （2）过去分词作宾补 表被动或完成，补充说明宾语的状态。 I must get my bike repaired. 我必须把我的自行车修好。 He tried to make himself understood. 他试图让别人理解自己。 知识点03：分词的用法 5. 现在分词与过去分词的区别 1. 时间关系：现在分词表动作正在进行或与谓语同时发生；过去分词表动作已完成或先于谓语发生。 The running man is tired.（现在分词表进行） 那个跑步的人累了。 The fallen leaves were blown away by the wind.（过去分词表完成） 落叶被风吹走了。 2. 语态关系：现在分词表主动；过去分词表被动。 Hearing the news, they jumped for joy.（主动） 听到这个消息，他们高兴得跳了起来。 Most people invited didn’t come.（被动） 大多数被邀请的人都没有来。 一、单项选择（1-5题） 即时练习 1．After years of practicing, my cousin finally achieved success great in ________. A．dance B．dancing C．danced D．to dance 2．Now young people ________ to use computer to develop their _________ skills. A．are trained; problem solving B．are being trained; solving problem C．are being taught; problem solving D．are taught; solving problem 3．— Who is to give us the lecture today? — The lady ________ our headmaster into the hall. A．follows B．following C．followed D．to be followed 4．________ by robots, the factory has become more efficient. A．Help B．Helping C．Helped D．To help 5.Would you mind ________ down the music? It’s too noisy. A．turn B．turning C．to turn D．turned √ √ √ √ √ 二、句子改错（6-10题） 即时练习 6．He suggests to prepare some traditional snacks for the guests. 7．She enjoys to watch the lion dance at the festival. 8．The little girl stood there, watch her role model receiving the award. 9．[A]The young man [B]is reading a book [C]under the tree [D]is my neighbour. 10．The flowers must be watering once a week. 【答案】to prepare→ preparing 【答案】to watch→ watching 【答案】B； reading 【答案】watch→ watching 【答案】knowing→known 单元话题巩固与练习 Part 5 知识点04：Unit3话题主题 主题 Natural Disaster Prevention 功能话题 询问与提供信息 (1)—What should we do when a flood occurs? —Turn off the power. (2)—What should we do when an earthquake occurs? —Find a safe place to stay. (3)—What should we do when a typhoon occurs? —Tightly lock the doors and windows. (4)—What should we do when a mud rock flow occurs? —Have an emergency kit ready all the time. 一、写作 即时练习 1．为进一步增强全民防灾减灾意识，更好地宣传防灾减灾的重要性，校报英语专栏向全校征稿。请根据以下写作要点用英语写一篇演讲稿参加活动。 要点： 1. 选择一种灾害，比如地震、火灾等。 2. 对该灾害进行描述。 3. 给出预防措施。 注意： 1. 内容须包含上述要点，可适当发挥。 2. 80—120词数左右，开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Away from Danger For better understanding of the importance of disaster prevention, I’d like to give a talk called “Away from Danger”. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ That’s all. Thank you. 一、写作 即时练习 【答案】例文： Away from Danger For better understanding of the importance of disaster prevention, I’d like to give a talk called “Away from Danger”. A few days ago, I saw a building on fire. There was heavy smoke. People screamed in fear and ran in all directions. What should we do in a big fire? Remember to cover our mouth and nose with a wet towel to protect ourselves from thick smoke. Stay low to the ground. As students, we should learn to prevent fire in our daily life. Don’t put anything hot into the rubbish bin. Moreover, never play with fire. That’s all. Thank you. 二、补充对话 即时练习 6. —There’s going to be a natural disaster prevention lecture next week. Do you think we should attend it? —______. A. I’m sorry I broke your notebook B. Yes, it will help us learn useful safety skills C. The lecture hall is on the first floor D. I’ll call you after the lecture 7. —My family and I don’t know how to prepare an emergency kit for disasters. Can you give us some tips? —______. A. You can put water, canned food and a first-aid box in it B. Emergency kits are very expensive to buy C. I forgot to bring my umbrella today D. We usually go to the park on weekends 8. —Our community is organizing a disaster drill this Saturday. Would you like to join us as a volunteer? —______. A. I have to visit my grandparents that day, so I can’t B. Disaster drills are held every month C. Volunteers need to wear red vests D. My community is near the supermarket 9. —I accidentally knocked over the emergency flashlight in the community’s disaster preparedness room. I’m really sorry. —______. A. The flashlight is used for power cuts B. It’s okay. Just put it back carefully C. You should buy a new flashlight for us D. I saw you do that just now 10. —If an earthquake happens when we’re at home, what should we do first? —______. A. You should hide under a strong table quickly B. Earthquakes often happen in summer C. I like staying at home on rainy days D. We can watch a movie after the earthquake B A A A B Part 06 常考题型技巧点拨 题型一：单项选择 易错点拨： 1. 记固定搭配：practise、It’s no good等后接doing；find/see sb.后接doing表“动作正在进行”。 2. 判非谓语与主语关系：主动用doing（作定语/状语），先排除谓语动词形式（如sit、lives）。 3. 注意冠词：乐器前加the，球类前不加。 1. 勿混淆to do与doing：practise后只能接doing，不能接to do或动词原形。 2. 区分谓语与非谓语：句中已有谓语（is、goes），别选动词原形或单三（live、lives）。 3. 避免句式杂糅：find/see后直接接doing，勿加was/were（如不选was playing）。 解题技巧： 【典例1】 （25-26高三·黑龙江·职教高考）They are practising ________ in the hall. A．dance B．to dance C．dancing D．to dancing 【答案】C 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他们正在大厅里练习跳舞。practise为及物动词，后接动名词作宾语，构成固定搭配“practise doing sth.”，意为“练习做某事”，其他选项不符合该搭配。故选C。 【变式】She is practising ________ English songs every morning. A．sing B．to sing C．singing D．to singing 典型题目解析：单项选择题 【答案】C 【典例2】 （22-23高二下·河北邢台·期末）It’s no good ________. You’d better give it up. A．to smoke B．smoking C．smokes D．smoke 【答案】B 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：吸烟不好。你最好把它戒掉。“It is no good doing sth.”是固定句型，其中it为形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动名词短语，符合句型要求。故选B。 【变式】It’s no good ________ too much time on games. A．spend B．to spend C．spending D．spends 典型题目解析：单项选择题 【答案】C 【典例3】 （25-26高一上·河北保定·期中）The young man ________ between John and Jack is my leader. A．sit B．to sit C．sitting D．sat 【答案】C 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：坐在约翰和杰克之间的那个年轻人是我的领导。句中已有谓语动词“is”，此处需用非谓语动词；“the young man”与“sit”之间是主动关系，用现在分词sitting作后置定语，表主动进行。故选C。 【变式】The girl ________ by the window is reading a book. A．stand B．to stand C．standing D．stood 典型题目解析：单项选择题 【答案】C 【典例4】 （22-23高二下·河南·期末）________ far from school, she often goes to school by bike. A．Living B．Lives C．Live D．To live 【答案】A 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：因为住得离学校远，她经常骑自行车去上学。逗号前作原因状语，主语“she”与“live”是主动关系，用现在分词Living作状语，表主动原因。故选A。 【变式】________ near the park, we often go there for a walk. A．Living B．Lives C．Live D．To live 典型题目解析：单项选择题 【答案】A 【典例5】 （25-26高一下·安徽·课后作业）I found her _______ in the room when I went to see her. A．play piano B．playing the piano C．was playing the piano D．play the piano 【答案】B 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：当我去看她的时候，我发现她正在房间里弹钢琴。“find sb. doing sth.”是固定搭配，意为“发现某人正在做某事”，强调动作进行；乐器前需加定冠词the，“play the piano”为正确表达。故选B。 【变式】I saw him _______ basketball on the playground just now. A．play basketball B．playing basketball C．was playing basketball D．play the basketball 典型题目解析：单项选择题 【答案】B 题型二：完形填空 1. 区分近义动词：“protect”（保护自己）与“save”（拯救），依语境“学会保护自己”选前者。 2. 注意介词搭配：“stay at home”用“at”，勿与“in”（in the house）混淆。 3. 辨形容词褒贬：灾难中需“calm”（冷静），而非“worried”“afraid”等消极词。 1. 抓常识线索：结合地震躲桌下、洪水去高处等避险常识选答案，如第1题选“hide”、第2题选“higher”。 2. 找前后文呼应：如第5题“animals”对应后文“animals may die”，直接匹配。 3. 记固定搭配：“stay at home”“get through”“prepare for”等，快速锁定选项。 解题技巧 易混点拨 题型二：完形填空-典例 【典例1】（25-26高三上·广西贵港·期中） Natural disasters are terrible events. They can happen suddenly and cause a lot of damage. Common natural disasters include earthquakes, floods, typhoons and droughts.​ An earthquake is a shaking of the ground. It can destroy buildings and roads. When an earthquake happens, we should 1 under a strong table or desk. We shouldn’t stay near windows or heavy furniture.​ A flood happens when there is too much rain. Water covers the land and houses. During a flood, people should move to 2 ground. They should also be careful of dirty water, which may make them 3 . A typhoon is a strong wind with heavy rain. It can blow down trees and houses. When a typhoon comes, we should stay 4 home. We shouldn’t go outside.​ Drought is a long period of dry weather with no rain. It is bad for crops and 5 . Farmers can’t grow food, and animals may die.​ We can’t stop natural disasters, but we can learn how to 6 ourselves. We should listen to the weather report and 7 for them. When a disaster happens, we should stay 8 and follow the instructions.​ It’s important to help each other during a disaster. Together, we can 9 through the difficult time. We should also protect the environment to 10 the number of natural disasters.​ 题型二：完形填空-典例 1．A．stand B．sit C．lie D．hide 2．A．lower B．higher C．deeper D．shallower 3．A．sick B．happy C．excited D．angry 4．A．in B．at C．on D．by 5．A．people B．plants C．animals D．things 6．A．protect B．hurt C．help D．save 7．A．prepare B．look C．wait D．ask 8．A．worried B．calm C．afraid D．excited 9．A．go B．come C．get D．pass 10．A．increase B．reduce C．make D．do 【答案】 1．D 2．B 3．A 4．B 5．C 6．A 7．A 8．B 9．C 10．B 题型二：完形填空-典例答案及解析 1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当地震发生时，我们应该躲在坚固的桌子或书桌下面。A. stand站立；B. sit坐；C. lie躺；D. hide躲藏。根据常识可知，地震时躲在坚固桌子下是标准避险动作。故选D。 2．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：洪水期间，人们应该搬到地势较高的地方。A. lower较低的；B. higher较高的；C. deeper较深的；D. shallower较浅的。根据常识可知，发生洪水时应到地势较高的地方去。故选B。 3．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们还应该小心脏水，这可能会使他们生病。A. sick生病的；B. happy高兴的；C. excited兴奋的；D. angry生气的。根据常识可知，脏水可能会引发疾病。故选A。 4．考查介词词义辨析。句意：当台风来临时，我们应该待在家里。A. in在……里面；B. at在；C. on在……上面；D. by通过。“stay at home”是固定搭配，意为“待在家里”。故选B。 5．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这对农作物和动物都不好。A. people人；B. plants植物；C. animals动物；D. things东西。根据后文“Farmers can’t grow food, and animals may die.”可知，干旱对农作物和动物都是不好的。故选C。 题型二：完形填空-典例答案及解析 6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们不能阻止自然灾害，但我们可以学会如何保护自己。A. protect保护；B. hurt使受伤；C. help帮助；D. save节省。根据后文“We should listen to the weather report and ... for them. When a disaster happens, we should stay ... and follow the instructions.”可知，我们不能阻止自然灾害的发生，但是要学会一些措施来保护自己。故选A。 7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们应该听天气预报，并做好准备。A. prepare使做好准备；B. look看；C. wait等待；D. ask询问。根据“We should listen to the weather report and ... for them.”可知，我们要听天气预报，并为应对各种天气状况做好准备。故选A。 8．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当灾难发生时，我们应该保持冷静，听从指示。A. worried担心的；B. calm镇静的；C. afraid害怕；D. excited兴奋的。根据常识可知，面对灾害，我们要保持冷静。故选B。 9．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们可以一起度过难关。A. go去；B. come来；C. get得到；D. pass通过。根据上文“It’s important to help each other during a disaster.”可知，在灾难中我们要互相帮助，度过难关，get through表示“熬过，度过”，符合题意。故选C。 10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们还应该保护环境，减少自然灾害的数量。A. increase增长；B. reduce减少；C. make制作；D. do做。根据“We should also protect the environment to ... the number of natural disasters.”及常识可知，保护环境可以减少自然灾害的发生。故选B。 题型三：阅读理解解题技巧 易错点拨 1. 主旨题：首段抓“灾害名+路径+影响”，排细节项。 2. 细节题：划关键词，定位原文找数字、因果关系。 3. 指代题：找前一句核心名词（如“this area”对应低压区）。 4. 推理题：排绝对词（only/always）、反向表述。 1. 辨主旨与细节：首段讲影响路径，非形成、预警等细节。 2. 盯数字阈值：台风需风速≥32.7m/s，排不足选项。 3. 避绝对表述：原文“需多种条件”≠“唯一”，“减弱”≠“变强”。 题型三：阅读理解-典例 【典例1】（25-26高三上·山东济南·阶段练习） Typhoon Ragasa is the 18th typhoon of the year. It has already caused serious damage in the Philippines before moving to China. In China, it made landfall in Yangjiang city in Guangdong province on September 24th, with strong winds and heavy rain. Millions of people in Guangdong have been moved to safer places. Although the typhoon’s main path is in southern China, its outer bands have also brought rain to parts of Zhejiang province. Schools and factories in affected areas have been closed, and some train services have stopped. A typhoon is a strong tropical cyclone (热带气旋) that forms over warm ocean waters and needs several things to develop.Warm Ocean Water The water needs to be warm, at least 26. The warm water evaporates (蒸发) and rises into the air.Low - Pressure Center The rising warm, wet air creates an area of low pressure near the ocean’s surface. Cooler air from around this area then rushes in to take its place, creating wind.Spinning Motion (旋转运动) Because the Earth spins, the incoming air starts to rotate (旋转), making the system spin.Getting Stronger As more warm, moist air rises, it releases energy, making the storm stronger. If the winds keep getting faster and reach a speed of at least 32.7 meters per second, it becomes a typhoon. When a typhoon moves over land, it loses its source of warm water and slowly becomes weaker wind. To keep us safe, we have different warning signals. When a blue signal goes up, it means average winds may reach Level 6, or gusts may reach Level 8 in the next 24 hours. If it changes to yellow, average winds could strengthen to Level 8 or higher. An orange signal warns that very strong winds, possibly Level 10, will come in 12 hours. The red signal is the most dangerous which tells us extremely strong winds, over Level 12, will arrive in just 6 hours. 题型三：阅读理解-典例 1．What’s the main idea of Para1? A．How Ragasa formed. B．Ragasa’s damage and path in China. C．Typhoon warning signals. D．How to stay safe from Ragasa. 2．When does a storm become typhoon? A．Winds reach 20 m/s. B．Winds reach 22.7 m/s. C．Winds reach 31.7 m/s. D．Winds reach 40 m/s. 3．What does “this area” refer to? A．The spinning Earth. B．The warm ocean water. C．The low - pressure center. D．The rising wet air. 4．What can we know about Ragasa after landing? A．It became stronger quickly. B．It brought more warm water. C．It slowly got weaker. D．It moved to the Philippines again. 5．What can we learn from the passage? A．Typhoon Ragasa only affected China. B．A typhoon will always become stronger when moving over land. C．Different warning signals are used to keep people safe from typhoons. D．Warm ocean water is the only thing needed for a typhoon to develop. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．C 4．C 5．C 题型三：阅读理解-典例答案及解析 1．主旨大意题。通读第一段可知，本段介绍了台风拉加萨途经菲律宾到中国阳江，在中国阳江登陆后造成的破坏情况。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“If the winds keep getting faster and reach a speed of at least 32.7 meters per second, it becomes a typhoon. (如果风速持续加快，达到至少每秒32.7米，它就会变成台风。)”可知，有风暴变成台风风速需要达到32.7米每秒以上，选项D符合。故选D。 3．词句猜测题。根据“The rising warm, wet air creates an area of low pressure near the ocean’s surface. (上升的温暖潮湿空气在海洋表面附近形成了一个低压区。)”可知，后文的“this area”是指低气压的中心。故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据“When a typhoon moves over land, it loses its source of warm water and slowly becomes weaker wind. (当台风移至陆地上时，它会失去温暖海水的来源，风力会逐渐减弱。)”可知，在拉加萨登陆之后会慢慢地变弱。故选C。 5．细节理解题。根据“To keep us safe, we have different warning signals. (为了保证我们的安全，我们有不同的警示标识。)”可知，不同的警示标识用于保护人们免受台风伤害。故选C。 题型四：补充对话 1. 通读对话定主题（讨论自然灾害及个人经历），把握逻辑流向。 2. 看答语定问句：答语“No”对应一般疑问句（如C项）；答语表观点（全球问题）对应赞同句（G项）。 3. 依语境补情绪词：描述灾害场景用“不敢相信”“无法想象”等表达感受。 易错点拨 1. 区分“A/B项”：“I can’t believe it”表对事实的惊讶（如亲身经历洪水），“I can’t imagine”表对场景的震撼（如齐腰洪水），依语境选。 2. 勿混淆疑问类型：答语“No”只对应一般疑问句（C项），不选特殊疑问句。 3. 赞同句匹配：L说“全球问题”，M用“That’s true”呼应，勿用无关回应。 解题技巧 题型四：补充对话-典例 【典例1】（26-27高二上·福建·课后作业） 【答案】1．E 2．G 3．C 4．B 5．A A．I can’t imagine! B．I can’t believe it. C．Have you ever experienced a flood? D．Sounds great. E．Is that abnormal (反常的)? F．You are very lucky. G．That’s true. A: The news says storms and floods have hit most of the south this summer. B: Yes.There has been tremendous damage and many people are homeless. M: Meanwhile, the northern provinces are suffering drought 1 L: It’s a global issue, not just in China. M: 2 There are natural disasters in almost every part of the world every year,but this year seems to be the most disastrous year for China. L: You said it.There have been so many reports of snowstorms, floods, earthquakes, sandstorms and landslides claiming people’s lives. M: It’s so heartbreaking to see people struggling for help 3 L: No, I live in the northern part of China. M: 4 I was in Beijing three months ago on a business trip when there was a flood. L: It must have been terrible. M: I have never seen so many people wandering in water up to their waists through the streets and waiting on rooftops for help. L: Wow 5 M: Actually, I would have drowned if the rescue team had not come. 题型四：补充对话-典例答案与解析 1．根据上文M提到“Meanwhile,the northern provinces are suffering drought. (与此同时，北方省份正在遭受干旱。)”，以及下文L回应“It's a global issue,not just in China. (这是全球问题，不只是中国。)”，可知此处M是在质疑这种现象是否反常。E项“那是反常的吗？”符合语境，故选E。 2．根据上文L说“It's a global issue,not just in China. (这是全球问题，不只是中国。)”，以及下文M进一步说明“There are natural disasters in almost every part of the world every year,but this year seems to be the most disastrous year for China. (每年世界上几乎每个地方都有自然灾害，但今年似乎是中国受灾最严重的一年。)”，可知此处M是同意L的观点。G项“确实如此。”符合语境，故选G。 3．根据下文L回答“No, I live in the northern part of China.（不，我住在中国北方。）”，“No”回应一般疑问句，可知此处M是询问L是否经历过洪水。C项“你经历过洪水吗？”符合语境，故选C。 4．根据下文M讲述“I was in Beijing three months ago on a business trip when there was a flood. (三个月前我在北京出差，当时发生了洪水。)”，结合L前文说住在北方（可能未经历洪水），可知此处M对自己经历洪水的事表示难以置信。B项“我简直不敢相信。”符合语境，故选B。 5．根据上文M描述“I have never seen so many people wandering in water up to their waists through the streets and waiting on rooftops for help. (我从未见过这么多人在齐腰深的水里游荡，穿过街道，在屋顶上等待救援。)”，以及下文M说“Actually,I would have drowned if the rescue team had not come. (事实上，如果救援队没有来，我就淹死了。)”，可知此处L对这种场景表示难以想象。A项“我无法想象！”符合语境，故选A。 题型五：翻译题解题技巧 1. 区分doing/done作定语：主动进行用doing（唱歌的女孩），被动完成用done（鲁迅写的书）。 2. 勿漏介词后doing：“in”后接动名词（learning），不接动词原形。 3. 辨hear的用法：hear sb. doing表“正在做”，hear sb. do表“全过程”，依语境选。 1. 记固定搭配：“be interested in doing”“hear sb. doing”，动名词/现在分词直接套用。 2. 判非谓语功能：表主动进行用doing（作定语/宾补），表被动用done（作定语）。 3. 动名词作主语：谓语动词用单数（如smoking has），符合主谓一致。 题型五：翻译-典例 【典例1】（25-26高二上·河南焦作·期中）她总是对学习英语很感兴趣。 【答案】She is always interested in learning English. 【典例3】（22-23高一下·河南漯河·期末）公园里正在唱歌的那个女孩是我的妹妹。 【答案】In fact, smoking has many bad effects on people’s health. 【典例2】（24-25高三·黑龙江·模拟预测）事实上，吸烟对人的身体健康影响很大。 【答案】The girl (who/that is) singing in the park is my sister. 【典例4】（24-25高二上·河南洛阳·阶段练习）我听见同学们在唱歌。 【答案】I heard my classmates singing. 【典例5】（23-24高三上·江西·期中）这是一本鲁迅写的书。 【答案】This is a book written by Lu Xun. 复习总结 核心聚焦：1. 词汇：掌握 disaster、prevent 等重点词及 natural disaster、emergency kit 等搭配，区分易混词。 2. 语法：熟练运用非谓语动词（动名词、分词）作定语、宾补等用法。 3. 句型：掌握 it 作形式主语、if 条件句等句型，用于描述灾难自救。 4. 话题：覆盖自然灾害类型、自救措施及预防准备相关表达。 备考建议：1. 词汇：结合灾难场景记忆，每天默写 10 组词汇 + 搭配。 2. 语法：整理非谓语动词用法表，每天做 5 道专项题。 3. 话题：每周写 80-100 词防灾短文，运用单元句型。 4. 实战：完成 2 套专项练习，重点分析非谓语动词、短语搭配类错题。 Thank you! 感谢观看！ $