内容正文:
编写说明:2025-2026学年高二上学期《英语期末考点大串讲》以考试范围内教材单元内容为基准,精准覆盖核心考点,并紧密贴合职教高考题型,包含配套的单元复习课件、讲义与模拟卷,旨在为学生提供全方位、高效的期末复习解决方案。
2025-2026学年高二上学期《英语期末考点大串讲》
语文版基础模块3 Unit1 True Friends 复习讲义
目录
明·期末考情································1
记·必考知识································4
Unit1 True Friends································· 4
知识点01 单元重点词汇(Unit1)···························4
知识点02 单元重点短语和句式句型(Unit1)···························9
知识点03 单元重点语法(Unit1)····························14
知识点04 单元话题主题(Unit1)····························19
练·10分钟·································5
Unit1 True Friends··································5
知识点01 单元重点词汇(Unit1)···························5
知识点02 单元重点短语和句式句型(Unit1)···························11
知识点03 单元重点语法(Unit1)····························17
知识点04 单元话题主题(Unit1)····························20
破·提高题型································23
考试复习范围:《英语 基础模块3》(语文版)
Unit1重点词汇、短语、句式句型、主题话题和语法项目
单元
核心考点
具体内容
复习目标
考情规律与备考建议
Unit1 True Friends
重点词汇
1. 基础词汇:friendship (n. 友谊)、trustworthy (adj. 值得信赖的)、dependable (adj. 可靠的)、self-confident (adj. 自信的)、company (n. 陪伴;公司)、cooperate (v. 合作)、injure (v. 伤害)、touching (adj. 动人的)、sympathetic (adj. 有同情心的)、seed (n. 种子)
2. 核心词汇:cooperative (adj. 合作的):
词义辨析:cooperative(侧重“愿意合作的,配合的”,如 cooperative teammates)与 helpful(侧重“乐于助人的,提供帮助的”,如 helpful neighbors)
词性转换:cooperate v. 合作 → cooperative adj. 合作的 → cooperation n. 合作
1.准确认读、拼写词汇,掌握搭配(如 depend upon 依赖、get along with 与……相处、share happiness 分享快乐)
完成 cooperative 等核心词汇的词义辨析与词性转换练习
2.在句子或语篇中运用词汇描述友谊、朋友品质等相关内容
1.考情规律:词汇多在选择题(词义辨析)、填空题(单词适当形式填空)考查
2.备考建议:结合“友谊”主题场景记忆,通过描述朋友相处经历、仿写对话巩固词汇运用
重点短语
1. get along with 与……相处
2. depend upon 依赖;依靠
3. be supportive of 支持……
4. talk behind one's back 背后议论某人
5. respect differences 尊重差异
6. make a good impression 留下好印象
7. share happiness and sadness 分享喜怒哀乐
8. work in cooperation 合作
1.记忆短语含义及固定搭配(如 be supportive of friends when they are in trouble 在朋友困难时支持他们)
2.在对话、短文写作中运用短语描述交友过程、友谊维护方法
1.考情规律:短语多在完形填空、翻译题、写作题考查
2.备考建议:整理“友谊”主题例句,通过角色扮演(模拟朋友间对话)、撰写短文巩固短语运用
重点句式句型
1. What kind of qualities do you look for in a friend?(what 引导的特殊疑问句,询问朋友应具备的品质)
2. Joining clubs is a great way to make friends.(动名词作主语,强调“加入俱乐部”这一行为)
3. It is important to trust each other in friendship.(it 作形式主语,真正主语为后面的 to do 不定式)
4. A true friend is someone who stands by you when you are in trouble.(定语从句,who 指代先行词 someone,描述朋友的行为)
1.理解各句型结构(动名词作主语、it 作形式主语、定语从句等)
2.模仿句型造句,描述朋友品质、交友方式或友谊的意义
3.在书面写作中运用句型完成“我的好朋友”“友谊的重要性”等主题短文
1.考情规律:句型在句型转换、翻译题、写作题考查
2.备考建议:结合“友谊”场景仿写句子,积累“品质描述”“行为说明”类相关句型
主题话题
友谊:
1.朋友品质:trustworthy(值得信赖的)、cooperative(合作的)、sympathetic(有同情心的)、self-confident(自信的)、honest(诚实的)
2.交友方式:join clubs(加入俱乐部)、share interests(分享兴趣爱好)、communicate openly(坦诚沟通)、help each other(互相帮助)
3.友谊意义:share happiness and sadness(分享喜怒哀乐)、overcome difficulties together(共同克服困难)、improve oneself(共同进步)
1.掌握与友谊相关的词汇、短语及句型
2.听懂关于“友谊”主题的对话,准确获取关键信息(如朋友品质、交友经历)
3.口头介绍自己的朋友,书面撰写“我的友谊故事”“我眼中的好朋友”等主题短文
1.考情规律:常出现在听力题(对话理解)、语篇阅读、写作题(如“描述你最要好的朋友”)
2.备考建议:梳理友谊相关表达,结合自身经历构建对话、撰写短文,强化语言运用能力
语法项目
名词性从句(Noun Clauses):
1. 分类及用法:
主语从句:What he said about friendship moved us.(what 引导主语从句,在句中作主语,表达“他关于友谊说的话”)
宾语从句:I don't know why he didn't keep his promise to his friend.(why 引导宾语从句,作 know 的宾语,表达“我不知道他为什么没遵守对朋友的承诺”)
表语从句:The most important thing in friendship is that we should trust each other.(that 引导表语从句,作 is 的表语,说明“友谊中最重要的事是互相信任”)
同位语从句:I have no idea that you made a new friend in the club.(that 引导同位语从句,解释 idea 的具体内容,即“你在俱乐部交了新朋友这件事”)
2. 常见连接词:that(无实际意义,宾语从句、同位语从句中可省略)、what(“……的事情/东西”)、why(“为什么”)、whether(“是否”)
1.准确判断名词性从句的类型(主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句)
2.掌握不同连接词的用法,区分连接词在从句中的意义及功能
3.正确运用名词性从句描述友谊相关观点、事实,避免语法错误
1.考情规律:出现在选择题(判断从句类型、选择连接词)、填空题(填连接词)、句型转换(改写为名词性从句)
2.备考建议:整理名词性从句类型及连接词用法表,结合“友谊”主题句子练习划分从句、选择连接词
Unit1 True Friends
知识点01 单元重点词汇(Unit1)
1. list:v. 列举;n. 列表,清单
2. friendship:n. 友谊
3. trustworthy:adj. 值得信赖的
4. dependable:adj. 可信赖的,可靠的
5. self - confident:adj. 自信的
6. sympathetic:adj. 有同情心的
7. company:n. 陪伴;公司
8. seed:n. 种子
9. plant:v. 种植
10. water:v. 给……浇水,灌溉;n. 水
11. cooperative:adj. 合作的
12. injure:v. 伤害,使受伤
13. dorm:n. 宿舍
14. touching:adj. 动人的
15. cooperate:v. 合作
16. impression:n. 印象
17. institute:n. 研究所;机构
18. institution:n. 机构;制度
19. finance:n. 资金,金融
20. financial:adj. 财政的,金融的
21. symbol:n. 象征,符号
22. symbolic:adj. 象征的
23. record:n. 记录,(体育运动)纪录;v. 记录
24. recording:n. 录音,录制
25. ability:n. 能力,本领
26. able:adj. 能,能够的
27. forgive:v. 原谅
28. unconditionally:adv. 无条件地
29. value:v. 重视,珍视
30. reality:n. 实际,现实情况
一、词汇判断
1. 友谊
A. friendship B. relationship C. partnership D. membership
【答案】A
【详解】考查名词。A项意为“友谊”;B项意为“关系”(泛指人与人、事物间的联系);C项意为“合作关系”;D项意为“会员身份”。故选A项。
2. 可靠的
A. depend B. dependable C. independent D. confident
【答案】B
【详解】考查形容词。A项意为“依赖”;B项意为“可靠的,可信赖的”;C项意为“独立的”;D项意为“自信的”。故选B项。
3. 记录(动词)
A. record B. report C. write D. note
【答案】A
【详解】考查动词。A项意为“记录”(侧重留存信息、数据等);B项意为“报道”(侧重传递新闻、事件);C项意为“书写”(侧重用笔等工具记录文字);D项意为“记下”(侧重快速记录要点)。故选A项。
4. 能力
A. ability B. skill C. talent D. power
【答案】A
【详解】考查名词。A项意为“能力”(泛指做事的能力,侧重先天或后天培养的综合能力);B项意为“技能”(侧重通过学习掌握的具体技艺);C项意为“天赋”(侧重先天具备的才能);D项意为“力量”(侧重体力、权力等)。故选A项。
5. 合作的
A. helpful B. cooperative C. supportive D. active
【答案】B
【详解】考查形容词。A项意为“有帮助的”;B项意为“合作的,愿意配合的”;C项意为“支持的”;D项意为“积极的”。故选B项。
6. 象征
A. sign B. symbol C. mark D. signal
【答案】B
【详解】考查名词。A项意为“迹象,标志”(侧重提示、指示的记号);B项意为“象征”(侧重代表抽象意义、精神的事物);C项意为“标记”(侧重为区分、识别做的记号);D项意为“信号”(侧重传递信息的信号)。故选B项。
7. 金融的
A. financial B. economic C. money D. business
【答案】A
【详解】考查形容词。A项意为“财政的,金融的”(侧重与资金、财务相关);B项意为“经济的”(侧重与整体经济状况、体系相关);C项意为“钱”(名词,非形容词);D项意为“商业的”(侧重与贸易、经营相关)。故选A项。
8. 伤害
A. indoor B. injure C. introduce D. interest
【答案】B
【详解】考查动词。A项意为“室内的”;B项意为“伤害,使受伤”;C项意为“介绍”;D项意为“使感兴趣”。故选B项。
9. 现实情况
A. real B.realize C. reality D. really
【答案】C
【详解】考查名词。A项意为“真的”;B项意为“实现”;C项意为“实际,现实情况”(侧重整体的现实状态);D项意为“真地”。故选C项。
10. 原谅
A. forget B. forgive C. forest D. forehead
【答案】B
【详解】考查动词。A项意为“忘记”;B项意为“原谅”;C项意为“森林”;D项意为“额头”。故选B项。
二、词汇填空
11.We need to make a ________ (列表) of all the tasks we have to finish today. (汉语提示填空)
【答案】list
【详解】考查名词。句意:我们需要把今天必须完成的所有任务列一个清单。根据汉语提示“列表”可知,此处应填名词list,空前有不定冠词a,用单数形式。故填list。
12.She is a ________ (有同情心的) person who always helps those in trouble. (汉语提示填空)
【答案】sympathetic
【详解】考查形容词。句意:她是一个有同情心的人,总是帮助那些有困难的人。根据汉语提示“有同情心的”可知,此处应填形容词sympathetic,修饰名词person。故填sympathetic。
13.The old man told us his life story, and it was very ________ (动人的). (汉语提示填空)
【答案】touching
【详解】考查形容词。句意:这位老人给我们讲了他的人生故事,故事非常动人。根据汉语提示“动人的”可知,此处应填形容词touching,作表语,描述事物(故事)的特征。故填touching。
14.You should ________ (种植) more trees to make our city greener. (汉语提示填空)
【答案】plant
【详解】考查动词。句意:你应该种更多的树,让我们的城市更绿。根据汉语提示“种植”可知,此处应填动词plant,空前有情态动词should,用原形。故填plant。
15.He has worked in this ________ (机构) for over five years. (汉语提示填空)
【答案】institution
【详解】考查名词。句意:他在这个机构工作了五年多。根据汉语提示“机构”可知,此处应填名词institution,空前有指示代词this,用单数形式。故填institution。
16.Can you ________ (给……浇水) the flowers in the garden? They are getting dry. (汉语提示填空)
【答案】water
【详解】考查动词。句意:你能给花园里的花浇浇水吗?它们快干了。根据汉语提示“给……浇水”可知,此处应填动词water,空前有情态动词Can,用原形。故填water。
17.Her ________ (印象) of the new teacher is very good. (汉语提示填空)
【答案】impression
【详解】考查名词。句意:她对新老师的印象非常好。根据汉语提示“印象”可知,此处应填名词impression,空前有形容词性物主代词Her,用单数形式。故填impression。
18.This song is a ________ (录音) of a famous singer’s live performance. (汉语提示填空)
【答案】recording
【详解】考查名词。句意:这首歌是一位著名歌手现场表演的录音。根据汉语提示“录音”可知,此处应填名词recording,空前有不定冠词a,用单数形式。故填recording。
19.We should ________ (重视) the value of friendship in our life. (汉语提示填空)
【答案】value
【详解】考查动词。句意:我们应该重视生活中友谊的价值。根据汉语提示“重视”可知,此处应填动词value,空前有情态动词should,用原形。故填value。
20.The ________ (宿舍) is a good place for students to make friends and share life. (汉语提示填空)
【答案】dorm
【详解】考查名词。句意:宿舍是学生们交朋友、分享生活的好地方。根据汉语提示“宿舍”可知,此处应填名词dorm,空前有定冠词The,此处特指某个宿舍或宿舍这类场所,用单数形式。故填dorm。
知识点02 单元重点短语和句式句型(Unit1)
重点短语
重点句式句型
Warm-up
make friends with sb. 跟某人交朋友
in one’s good/bad times 在某人好/坏的时段
be honest with 对……诚实
in one’s opinion 在某人看来
be able to 能够
be loyal to 对某人忠诚
be kind to 对某人和蔼
Listening
sit down 坐下
know about 了解
get away 离开
see sb. cry 看到某人哭
take a seat 就座
lose touch 失去联系
Reading
in the way of 以……方式
mutual understanding 互相理解
stand by sb. 支持某人
in difficult times 在困难时期
enjoy each other’s company 享受互相陪伴
share the same interests 分享共同兴趣
just as 正如
develop friendship 发展友谊
take care of 照顾
tend to 照料,呵护
depend upon 依靠
share... with... 跟……分享
Speaking
look for 寻找
for example 比如
in the training room 在实习室
in a short time 在短时间
give sb. an A 给某人一个A
help sb. with 帮某人学习
Culture Corner
believe in 信任
give up 放弃
invite sb. over 邀请某人过来
offer support 提供支持
pick sb. up 支持某人
raise one’s spirits 鼓舞士气
tell you the truth 告诉你真相
in danger 处于危险中
zap sb. back to 把某人拉回到
Listening
1. If you can’t remember my name, please sit down.(如果你记不住我的名字,请坐下。)
2. Sit down if you don't know about the woman who got away.(如果你不知道那个逃跑的女人,请坐下来。)
3. If you’ve never seen me cry,please sit down.(如果你从未见过我哭,请坐下来。)
4. Take a seat, if somehow we’ve lost touch.(如果我们失去了联系,请坐下来。)
5. A friend is someone who believes in you.(朋友是指相信你的人。)
Reading
1. A friend is someone who stands by us when we are in difficult times.(朋友是指在我们遇到困难时支持我们的人。)
2. Just as it takes patience to grow a garden, so it does to develop friendship.(就像种植一个花园需要耐心一样,发展友谊也需要耐心。)
3. A seed is planted and then it needs to be taken care of and watered.(种子被种植,然后需要照料和浇水。)
4. One has to tend to it with love and care.(一个人必须用爱和关心来照顾它。)
5. A true friend is someone you can always depend upon.(一个真正的朋友是一个你永远可以信赖的人。)
6. You can share your sadness or happiness with him or her.(你可以和他或她分享你的悲伤或幸福。)
7. Walking with a friend in the dark is better than walking alone in the light.(和朋友在黑暗中散步比在阳光下独自散步要好。)
Speaking
1. What kind of qualities do you look for in a friend?(你在一个朋友身上寻找什么样的品质?)
2. We helped and supported each other.(我们互相帮助和支持。)
3. My best friend came to see me and helped with my subjects.(我最好的朋友来看我,帮助我学习课程。)
4. Without mutual support, there’s no friendship.(没有相互的支持,就没有友谊。)
5. It isn’t easy to find true friends.(要找到真正的朋友并不容易。)
Culture Corner
1. A friend is someone who accepts you as you are.(朋友是指接受你本来的人。)
2. A friend is someone who believes in you.(朋友是指相信你的人。)
3. A friend is someone who doesn’t give up on you.(朋友是一个不放弃你的人。)
4. A friend is someone who keeps you close at heart.(朋友是一个让你内心亲近的人。)
5. A friend is someone who makes a difference in your life.(朋友是一个改变你生活的人。)
一、 短语填空
1.We should always ________ (对……诚实) our friends and never lie to them. (汉语提示填空)
【答案】be honest with
【详解】考查固定短语。句意:我们应该始终对朋友诚实,永远不要对他们撒谎。根据汉语提示“对……诚实”可知,此处应填固定短语be honest with,空前“should”为情态动词,后接动词原形,故填be honest with。
2.She is a reliable person, and we can ________ (依靠) her when we are in trouble. (汉语提示填空)
【答案】depend upon
【详解】考查固定短语。句意:她是个可靠的人,我们遇到困难时可以依靠她。根据汉语提示“依靠”可知,此处应填固定短语depend upon,空前“can”为情态动词,后接动词原形,故填depend upon。
3.My deskmate often ________ (帮某人学习) me ______ my math homework after class. (汉语提示填空)
【答案】helps;with
【详解】考查固定短语和动词时态。句意:我的同桌经常在课后帮我做数学作业。根据汉语提示“帮某人学习”可知,此处应填固定短语helps sb. with,句子主语“My deskmate”为第三人称单数,且根据“often”可知时态为一般现在时,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式helps,故填helps;with。
4.True friends will ________ (支持某人) you no matter what difficulties you meet. (汉语提示填空)
【答案】stand by
【详解】考查固定短语。句意:真正的朋友无论你遇到什么困难都会支持你。根据汉语提示“支持某人”可知,此处应填固定短语stand by,空前“will”为情态动词,后接动词原形,故填stand by。
5.In order to ________ (发展友谊), we need to spend time communicating with each other. (汉语提示填空)
【答案】develop friendship
【详解】考查固定短语。句意:为了发展友谊,我们需要花时间互相交流。根据汉语提示“发展友谊”可知,此处应填固定短语develop friendship,空前“in order to”后接动词原形,故填develop friendship。
二、汉译英
6.在我看来,能在困难时期陪伴你的人才是真正的朋友。
_______________________________________________________________________________
【答案】In my opinion, those who can enjoy your company in difficult times are true friends.
【详解】考查固定短语和定语从句。“在某人看来”用固定短语In my opinion;“困难时期”用in difficult times;“享受互相陪伴”用enjoy one’s company;此处用who引导定语从句,修饰先行词those,指代人,在从句中作主语。句子时态为一般现在时,故译为:In my opinion, those who can enjoy your company in difficult times are true friends.
7.正如植物需要阳光和水一样,友谊也需要互相理解来维系。
_______________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Just as plants need sunshine and water, friendship also needs mutual understanding to maintain.
【详解】考查固定句型和固定短语。“正如……一样”用固定句型Just as...;“互相理解”用固定短语mutual understanding;前半句描述客观事实,用一般现在时,主语“plants”为复数,谓语动词用原形need;后半句主语“friendship”为不可数名词,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式needs,“to maintain”作目的状语,故译为:Just as plants need sunshine and water, friendship also needs mutual understanding to maintain.
8.如果你想和新同学交朋友,首先要对他们和蔼友善。
_______________________________________________________________________________
【答案】If you want to make friends with new classmates, you should first be kind to them.
【详解】考查固定短语和条件状语从句。“和某人交朋友”用固定短语make friends with;“对某人和蔼”用固定短语be kind to;此处用if引导条件状语从句,遵循“主将从现”原则,从句用一般现在时want,主句用情态动词should+动词原形be,故译为:If you want to make friends with new classmates, you should first be kind to them.
9.他不仅和我分享共同的兴趣,还总是在我情绪低落时鼓舞我的士气。
_______________________________________________________________________________
【答案】He not only shares the same interests with me but also always raises my spirits when I am in low spirits.
【详解】考查固定短语和并列结构。“分享共同兴趣”用固定短语shares the same interests with;“鼓舞士气”用固定短语raises one’s spirits;“不仅……还……”用not only...but also...连接并列谓语,句子主语“He”为第三人称单数,时态为一般现在时,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式shares和raises,“when”引导时间状语从句,故译为:He not only shares the same interests with me but also always raises my spirits when I am in low spirits.
10.说实话,真正的友谊不会因为距离遥远而失去联系。
_______________________________________________________________________________
【答案】To tell you the truth, true friendship will not lose touch because of long distance.
【详解】考查固定短语和原因状语。“说实话”用固定短语To tell you the truth;“失去联系”用固定短语lose touch;“因为”用because of,后接名词短语long distance;句子时态为一般将来时,will后接动词原形,否定形式为will not+动词原形,故译为:To tell you the truth, true friendship will not lose touch because of long distance.
知识点03 单元重点语法(Unit1)
名词性从句
名词性从句是在句子中起名词作用的句子。名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组,它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等。
根据在句中语法功能的不同,名词性从句可分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
一、主语从句
在整个句子中充当主语成分的从句叫主语从句,可以由从属连词that、 whether等引导,也可以由连接代词what、 which、 who、 whom、 whose、 whatever、 whoever等以及连接副词how、 when、 where、 why等引导。
1. that引导的主语从句
that引导主语从句,本身并无意义,在从句中也不充当成分。
(1)若that引导的主语从句直接位于句首,则that不能省略。
That you are coming to China is good news to us.
你将要来中国对我们来说是一个好消息。
That you didn’t go to the talk was a pity. 很遗憾你没去听报告。
(2)若that引导的主语从句位于句末,而在句首使用了形式主语it,则that可以省略。
It is natural (that) they should have different ways to settle the problem.
解决这个问题,他们有不同的方法是很正常的。
It was a pity (that) you didn’t go to the talk. 很遗憾你没去听报告。
2. whether引导的主语从句
主语从句只能用whether引导,不能用if引导。
Whether it will do us harm remains to be seen.
这对我们是否有害还有待观察。
Whether he will come is unknown. 他是否会来还不清楚。
3. what引导的主语从句
what引导主语从句时,在句中充当主语、表语或宾语,放在句首,一般不用it作形式主语。
What he said at the meeting encouraged everyone. (what作主语)
他在会上所说的话鼓舞了每个人。
What we need is money. (what作宾语)我们需要的是钱。
4. wh疑问词引导的主语从句
wh疑问词引导的主语从句可以放在句首,也可以用it作形式主语。用哪一个疑问词取决于从句所缺的成分。如:
Who will pick him up is not decided. 谁将去接他还没有决定。
How we will go there is a question. 我们怎么到那儿去还是个问题。
It is not clear why he did this. 他这样做的原因还不清楚。
It remains to be seen whether it will do us harm or good. 它对我们是害是利,还得看看再说。
二、宾语从句
在复合句中作宾语的从句就叫宾语从句。
(1)当宾语从句由陈述句变化而来时,用that引导从句。that本身无意义,只起连接作用,口语中可省略。如:
He said (that) Kate was good at swimming. 他说凯特擅长游泳。
(2)宾语从句由一般疑问句变化而来时,用if或whether引导从句,意为“是否”,不作句子成分,不能省略。在介词之后、动词不定式之前或or not之前,只用whether,不用if。
He asked me if/whether Miss Li was a teacher. 他问我李小姐是不是一名教师。
He wondered if/whether he could join us. 他想知道他能否加入我们。
I can’t decide whether to buy this bike or not. 我无法决定是否要买这辆自行车。
(3)宾语从句由特殊疑问句变化而来时,特殊疑问词就是宾语从句的引导词。
Do you know who broke the door? 你知道是谁把门弄坏了吗?
Could you tell me where you are from? 你能告诉我你来自哪里吗?
(4)注意宾语从句中的否定转移。
在宾语从句中,当主句的谓语动词是think、 believe、 imagine、 suppose、 consider、 expect、 guess等,并且主句的主语是第一人称且为一般现在时,则从句的否定词一般要转移到主句上来,其反意疑问句一般与宾语从句一致。
I don’t think he will come to my party. 我认为他不会来我的舞会。
I don’t believe that man is killed by Jim, is he? 我认为那个人不是吉姆杀的,是吗?
(5)注意正确使用语序。
宾语从句要用陈述句语序。把两个独立的句子连成一个含有宾语从句的复合句时,要特别注意从句的语序,即按照“主语+谓语”的顺序。
I don’t know why she was crying. 我不知道她为什么在哭。
(6)注意正确使用时态。
①如果主句是现在的某种时态(包括一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成时),那么宾语从句的时态可根据实际情况而定。
I remember he gave me a book yesterday. 我记得他昨天给了我一本书。
Tell him when we will start. 告诉他我们什么时候出发。
②如果主句是过去的某种时态(包括一般过去时、过去进行时),那么宾语从句一般要用过去的某种时态(包括一般过去时、过去进行时、过去将来时、过去完成时)。
He told me that he would take part in the high jump. 他告诉我他将会参加跳高比赛。
They said they had finished the work. 他们说已经完成工作了。
③如果宾语从句表示的是客观事实或真理,即使主句是一般过去时,从句也用一般现在时。
He told me that the earth goes around the sun. 他告诉我地球绕着太阳转。
三、表语从句
当主句的谓语是系动词,而从句位于其后,即在整个句子中充当表语,则该从句叫表语从句。表语从句可以由从属连词(that、 whether等)、连接代词(what、 which、 who等)、连接副词(how、 when、 where、 why等),以及because、 as if、 as等引导。
The trouble is that I have lost his address. 问题是我把他的地址丢了。
The question is whether they will be able to help us. 问题是他们能否帮助我们。
This is what we should do. 这是我们应该做的。
That’s why he was sent to the hospital. 那就是他被送到医院的原因。
It looked as if it was going to rain. 看起来天要下雨了。
四、同位语从句
同位语从句一般由that、whether等连词引导,常放在下列名词idea、fact、news、truth(事实)、hope、problem、information(信息)、instruction(教诲)等后面,用来说明解释该名词的内容。
I have no idea when he will be back. 我不知道他什么时候会回来。
The problem whether we can finish the task is still unclear.
我们能否完成这项任务的问题还不清楚。
I heard the news that our team had won.我听到了我们队获胜的消息。
We don’t understand the problem why this is the best choice.
我们不明白这个问题,为什么这是最好的选择。
一、单项选择
1.________ we will go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.
A.If B.Whether C.Where D.That
【答案】B
【详解】考查主语从句。句意:我们明天是否去露营取决于天气。A. If 如果,是否;B. Whether 是否;C. Where 在哪里;D. That 无实际意义。分析句子结构可知“…we will go camping tomorrow ”是一个主语从句,根据depends on the weather可知,这里要表达我们“是否”去露营取决于天气情况,在主语从句中,表示“是否”且位于句首时,要用Whether,故选B。
2.— Do you think if Mike ________ boating tomorrow?
— I think he will go with us if he ________ free.
A.will go; is B.will go; will be
C.goes; will be D.is going to; is
【答案】A
【详解】考查宾语从句和条件状语从句的时态。句意:——你认为迈克明天会去划船吗?——我认为如果他有空,他会和我们一起去。第一空是宾语从句,根据“tomorrow”可知,用一般将来时“will go”或“is going to go”;第二空是条件状语从句,遵循“主将从现”原则,从句用一般现在时is。故选A。
3.I told him he ________ to see a doctor tomorrow.
A.may need B.needs C.will need D.needed
【答案】D
【详解】考查动词时态。句意:我告诉他,他明天可能需要去看医生。根据主句谓语动词“told”可知,是一般过去时,宾语从句需遵循“时态呼应”原则,从句时态应对应过去时态范畴只有D选项符合语法要求。故选D。
4.Online shopping is much less reliable. That is ________ many people still prefer traditional shopping.
A.because B.how C.why D.that
【答案】C
【详解】考查表语从句。句意:网购可靠性差得多,这就是为什么许多人仍然喜欢传统购物。分析句子结构可知,空处引导表语从句,根据“Online shopping is much less reliable.”可知,网购可靠性差得多,这就是为什么许多人仍然喜欢传统购物,空处表“原因”,应用why。故选C。
5.The news ________our team won the match is exciting.
A.which B.whether C.what D.that
【答案】D
【详解】考查同位语从句引导词。句意:我们队赢了比赛的消息令人兴奋。“our team won the match”是对“news”内容的解释说明,是同位语从句,从句不缺成分、表意完整,用that引导,that在同位语从句中无实际意义但不能省略。故选D。
二、改错
6.We don’t know that he did yesterday. (单句改错)
【答案】that→ what
【详解】考查宾语从句。句意:我们不知道他昨天做了什么。分析句子可知,know后是宾语从句,关系词作动词did的宾语,应使用what引导从句。故答案为:that→ what。
7.Our school is quite different from that it was before. (单句指错并改错)
【答案】that→ what
【详解】考查名从连词。句意:我们学校和以前大不相同了。from:从,介词,后是宾语从句,连接词作was的表语,所以用连接代词what引导,而that引导宾语从句时,无意义,不作任何成分。故答案为:that→ what。
8.He [A]wants [B]to know [C]if she likes the birthday gift [D]or not. (指出错误并改正)
【答案】C;whether
【详解】考查连词用法。 句意:他想知道她是否喜欢这份生日礼物。if引导宾语从句时,一般不与“or not”直接连用,whether可以和“or not”搭配,构成“whether...or not”结构,意为“是否”,所以if应改为whether。 故答案为:C;whether。
9.He wanted [A]to know [B]who [C]does [D]it. (指出错误并改正)
【答案】C;did
【详解】考查宾语从句的时态。句意:他想知道是谁干的。根据主句中的“wanted to know”可知,其后是宾语从句,主句是一般过去时,从句中动词用过去式,C项does改为did。故答案为:C;did。
10.[A]Do you [B] know where [C]will she go [D] tomorrow? (改错)
【答案】C;she will
【详解】考查宾语从句。句意:你知道她明天要去哪里吗?分析句子结构可知,“where will she go tomorrow”是宾语从句,应使用陈述语序,C项应改为she will。故答案为:C;she will。
知识点04 单元话题主题(Unit1)
主题
True Friends
功能话题
询问与提供信息
(1)—Do you have any close friends? Are they your classmates or neighbours?
—Sure. They are…
(2)—What kind of people would you like to make friends with?
—I’d like to make friends with someone who is dependable, self-confident and humorous. ——(3)—In your opinion, what is a true friend?
—A true friend will help us when we are in difficult times…
(4)—What kind of qualities do you look for in a friend?
—I like people who are cooperative.
一、补全对话
W: Hello, 6674209.
M: Oh, Hello. Could I speak to Jannet, please?
W: 1 She isn’t here. Can I take a message?
M: Yes, please. 2 Is that Mrs. Brown?
W: 3 Hello, Bill.
M: Thank you for asking me to Jannet’s party on Sunday
evening. 4
W: I’m sorry to hear that.
M: I hope all of you will have a good time.
W: Thank you. 5
M: Thank you. Goodbye.
A.I’m very sorry but I can’t come.
B.Yes, this is Jannet’s mother.
C.I’ll give her the message.
D.This is Bill here.
E.I’m afraid you can’t.
【答案】1.E 2.D 3.B 4.A 5.C
【导语】本文是比尔打电话找珍妮特,布朗夫人告知其不在并代留口信的对话。
1.根据后文“She isn’t here. Can I take a message? (她不在这儿。我可以留言吗?)”可知,珍妮特不在,所以不能与她通话,选项E“恐怕你不能。”符合语境。故选E。
2.根据上文“Can I take a message? (我可以留言吗?)”可知,让对方帮忙留言应先介绍自己,选项D“我是比尔。”符合语境。故选D。
3.根据上文“Is that Mrs. Brown? (是布朗太太吗?)”可知,此处应回答是或不是,选项B“是的,我是珍妮特的妈妈。”符合语境。故选B。
4.根据前文“Thank you for asking me to Jannet’s party on Sunday evening. (谢谢你邀请我参加珍妮特星期天晚上的聚会。)”和答语“I’m sorry to hear that. (听到这个消息我很难过。)”可知,此处应是不能参加聚会了,选项A“很抱歉,我不能来。”符合语境。故选A。
5.根据答语“Thank you. Goodbye. (谢谢你。再见。)”可知,此处应是说会把留言转告珍妮特,选项C“我会转告她的。”符合语境。故选C。
二、完形填空
Hello, everyone!I am in my new school now. I have some good 6 here. They are all nice. Please come with me and 7 them.
First, the tall boy is Frank. Look at his blue 8 . He is from the USA.He lives 9 his parents in Nanjing. Frank is a kind boy. He often helps with my English. He likes 10 . Yao Ming and Jordan are his idols.
And Kitty, a pretty girl, always smiles. She is a good student and she is good at all her 11 . She 12 many books. We often study together.
Leon is also my friend. He isn’t tall. He doesn’t like basketball. 13 he likes football. He is 14 the football team of our school.
I am really 15 to have the three good friends.
6.A.friends B.teachers C.boys D.girls
7.A.say B.look C.hear D.meet
8.A.hair B.eyes C.ears D.hands
9.A.with B.for C.and D.the
10.A.football B.basketball C.ping-pong D.badminton
11.A.games B.lessons C.classes D.rooms
12.A.sees B.watches C.reads D.hears
13.A.And B.So C.But D.Or
14.A.for B.in C.at D.to
15.A.happy B.sad C.polite D.sorry
【答案】
6.A 7.D 8.B 9.A 10.B 11.B 12.C 13.C 14.B 15.A
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文,作者介绍了自己转入新学校后交到的三位好朋友。
6.考查名词词义辨析。句意:我在这里有一些好朋友。A. friends朋友;B. teachers老师;C. boys男孩;D. girls女孩。根据后文“I am really … to have the three good friends”可知,此处指“朋友”。故选A。
7.考查动词词义辨析。句意:请跟我来认识一下他们。A. say说;B. look看(不及物动词,后接宾语需加介词);C. hear听;D. meet认识、遇见。根据“come with me”及后文介绍三位朋友的内容可知,此处是邀请对方“认识”他们。故选D。
8.考查名词词义辨析。句意:看他蓝色的眼睛。A. hair头发;B. eyes眼睛;C. ears耳朵;D. hands手。根据“blue”及常识可知,人体部位中“蓝色”常用来描述眼睛。故选B。
9.考查介词搭配。句意:他和他的父母一起住在南京。根据“He lives ... his parents in Nanjing.”可知,此处指“他和父母一起住”,“live with sb”是固定搭配,意为“和某人一起居住”。故选A。
10.考查名词词义辨析。句意:他喜欢篮球。A. football足球;B. basketball篮球;C. ping-pong乒乓球;D. badminton羽毛球。根据后文“Yao Ming and Jordan are his idols” 可知,姚明和乔丹均为篮球运动员,可推知他喜欢篮球。故选B。
11.考查名词词义辨析。句意:她是个好学生,而且擅长所有的功课。A. games游戏;B. lessons功课、课程(侧重学习内容);C. classes班级、课(侧重课堂或上课的次数);D. rooms房间。根据“good student”可知,此处指“擅长功课”。故选B。
12.考查动词词义辨析。句意:她读很多书。A. sees看见;B. watches观看(电视、比赛等动态事物);C. reads读(书、报纸等文字类内容);D. hears听。根据“many books”可知,此处指“读书”,需用“read”。故选C。
13.考查连词词义辨析。句意:但他喜欢足球。A. And和(表并列);B. So所以(表结果);C. But但是(表转折);D. Or或者(表选择)。根据“He doesn’t like basketball. … he likes football.”可知,前后句之间是转折关系,需用“but”连接。故选C。
14.考查介词词义辨析。句意:他在我们学校的足球队里。A. for为了;B. in在……里面;C. at在;D. to到……。“in the football team”是固定搭配,意为“在足球队里”。故选B。
15.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:有这三个好朋友,我真的很开心。A. happy开心的;B. sad难过的;C. polite礼貌的;D. sorry抱歉的。根据“have the three good friends”可知,有好朋友应是“开心的”。故选A。
题型一 单项选择题
解|题|技|巧
1. 主语从句:用陈述语序(连接词+主语+谓语),排除疑问语序选项。
2. it形式主/宾语:真正主/宾语为从句时,用it替代,避免头重脚轻。
3. 宾语从句:先看语序(陈述),再看时态(主过从过),最后看语义匹配。
4. 表语从句:从句完整无缺,用that引导(只起连接作用)。
易|错|点|拨
1. 区分疑问语序与陈述语序,主语从句、宾语从句均不用疑问语序。
2. it可作形式主/宾语,this、that、one等不可替代。
3. 宾语从句中,that引导陈述句,与“ask”等疑问词不搭配。
4. 表语从句中,that无意义不充当成分,if、which等需作成分。
【典例1】
(25-26高三上·江西·期中)________ is to plant more trees in our city.
A.What can we do B.What we can do C.We can do what D.We do can what
【答案】B
【详解】考查名词性从句。句意:我们能做的就是在我们的城市里种更多的树。分析句子结构及选项可知,空处为主语从句,应用陈述语序(连接词+主语+谓语),只有B选项“What we can do”符合规则。故选B。
【变式】________ helps improve our environment is to reduce air pollution.
A.What we can do B.What can we do C.We can do what D.Can we do what
【答案】A
【详解】考查名词性从句。句意:我们能做的有助于改善环境的事是减少空气污染。空处为主语从句,需用陈述语序(连接词+主语+谓语),B、D为疑问语序,C结构混乱,A选项“What we can do”符合陈述语序规则。故选A。
【典例2】
(25-26高二上·全国·课后作业)________ that the new library will open next month.
A.This is said B.It’s said C.That’s said D.What’s said
【答案】B
【详解】考查it形式主语。句意:据说新图书馆将在下个月开放。分析句子可知,“the new library will open next month”是主语从句作真正主语,空处需用it作形式主语替代,构成“It’s said that...”(据说……)的固定结构。故选B。
【变式】________ that our school will hold a sports meeting next week.
A.It’s reported B.This is reported C.That’s reported D.What’s reported
【答案】A
【详解】考查it形式主语。句意:据报道,我们学校下周将举办运动会。“our school will hold a sports meeting next week”是真正主语,需用it作形式主语,构成“It’s reported that...”(据报道……)的固定结构,B、C、D均不符合形式主语用法。故选A。
【典例3】
(25-26高二上·河北保定·期中)She asked me ________.
A.that she had passed the exam B.when can she buy this kind of products
C.why I am absent for the meeting D.how I did it alone successfully
【答案】D
【详解】考查宾语从句。句意:她问我是怎么一个人成功做到这件事的。空处为宾语从句,需用陈述语序(连接词+主语+谓语),且主句为一般过去时,从句需用相应过去时态。A项“that”引导陈述句,与“asked”(询问)语义矛盾;B项为疑问语序;C项为一般现在时,时态不符;D项为陈述语序且用一般过去时,符合要求。故选D。
【变式】He asked me ________.
A.what time will the plane take off B.why I was late for class
C.that I had finished my homework D.how can I solve the problem
【答案】B
【详解】考查宾语从句。句意:他问我为什么上课迟到。宾语从句需用陈述语序且主句为一般过去时,从句需用过去时态。A、D项为疑问语序;C项“that”引导陈述句,与“asked”语义矛盾;B项为陈述语序且用一般过去时,符合规则。故选B。
【典例4】
(23-24高三·全国·模拟预测)The official made ______ clear that he would do everything possible to solve the problem.
A.it B.this C.that D.him
【答案】A
【详解】考查it作形式宾语和宾语从句。句意:这位官员明确表示,他将尽一切可能解决这个问题。空后that引导的从句是真正宾语,为避免句子头重脚轻,需用it作形式宾语,构成“make it + 形容词 + that从句”(使……清楚/明确)的固定结构,this、that、him均不能作形式宾语。故选A。
【变式】I make ______ a rule that I read English for 30 minutes every morning.
A.it B.this C.that D.one
【答案】A
【详解】考查it作形式宾语。句意:我规定自己每天早上读30分钟英语。空后that引导的从句是真正宾语,需用it作形式宾语,构成“make it a rule that...”(把……定为规则)的固定结构,this、that、one均不能作形式宾语。故选A。
【典例5】
(26-27高二上·安徽·单元测试)My suggestion is ________ we should ask for help from our teacher.
A.if B.which C.that D.when
【答案】C
【详解】考查表语从句中引导词。句意:我的建议是我们应该向老师求助。表语从句“we should ask for help from our teacher”结构完整、意思明确,需用that引导,that在表语从句中只起连接作用,无实际意义。if(是否)、which(哪一个)、when(什么时候)均需在从句中充当成分,不符合语境。故选C。
【变式】His dream is ________ he can become a doctor to help others.
A.that B.if C.which D.what
【答案】A
【详解】考查表语从句中引导词。句意:他的梦想是成为一名医生去帮助别人。表语从句“he can become a doctor to help others”结构完整、意思明确,需用that引导,that只起连接作用,无实际意义。if、which、what均需在从句中充当成分,不符合语境。故选A。
题型二 完形填空题
解|题|技|巧
1. 先读导语,把握文章主旨(如好友相处故事),定语境基调。
2. 结合前后句找线索(如固定搭配“have fun”“with one’s help”)。
3. 辨析词性,匹配句子成分(动词看动作,名词看范畴,形容词看感受)。
易|错|点|拨
1. 区分近义动词:“told”表“告知”,“asked”表“询问”,依语境选动作。
2. 注意副词逻辑:“also”表“也”,“again”表“再次”,看语义并列或重复。
3. 连词看时间关系:“when”表“正在时”,区分“before”“after”的先后逻辑。
【典例1】(24-25高三下·全国·职教高考)Kate and Susan are best friends. They have so much 1 most of the time, but sometimes things can be different.
“My cat is so funny!” Kate 2 Susan one day. “Today...” Just then, Susan broke in (插嘴), “I have a cat too! She’s orange.” Kate didn’t like how Susan had interrupted (打断) her. It made Kate feel like her words were not 3 .
After Kate went back home, she told her mom about this thing. Her mom 4 how it felt. “Interrupting others’ words is a bad 5 , kind of like sucking (吮吸) your thumb (拇指),” she said to Kate. Kate remembered how difficult it had been to stop sucking her thumb. She 6 remembered how her mom had helped her.
The next day, Susan broke in again 7 Kate was talking.
“Susan, when you interrupt me like that, it makes me feel very bad. You should 8 doing that. I’ll help you with it.”
“I’m sorry, Kate. I didn’t know.” With Kate’s 9 , Susan learned to wait till it was her turn to talk. She became a 10 listener(听者), and the two girls became even better friends.
1.A.music B.practice C.work D.fun
2.A.met B.told C.asked D.invited
3.A.important B.true C.special D.hard
4.A.showed B.knew C.found D.thought
5.A.job B.dream C.habit D.story
6.A.again B.only C.just D.also
7.A.when B.before C.after D.and
8.A.forget B.stop C.enjoy D.keep
9.A.gift B.answer C.help D.money
10.A.strict B.busy C.lucky D.good
【答案】
1.D 2.B 3.A 4.B 5.C 6.D 7.A 8.B 9.C 10.D
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了好朋友凯特和苏珊之间的故事。
1.考查动词词义辨析。句意:他们大多数时候玩得很开心,但有时情况会有所不同。A. music音乐;B. practice练习;C. work工作;D. fun乐趣。根据“Kate and Susan are best friends.”可知,他们大多数时候玩得很开心,“have so much fun”为固定搭配,意为“玩得开心”。故选D。
2.考查动词词义辨析。句意:一天,凯特告诉苏珊:“我的猫太有趣了!今天……”A. met遇见;B. told告诉;C. asked询问;D. invited邀请。根据“‘My cat is so funny!”可知,这是凯特对苏珊说的话,即“告诉”苏珊某事。故选B。
3.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:这让凯特觉得自己的话不重要。A. important重要的;B. true真实的;C. special特别的;D. hard困难的。根据“Susan broke in (插嘴)”可知,苏珊的打断让凯特感觉自己的表达未被重视,即话语“不重要”。故选A。
4.考查动词词义辨析。句意:她的妈妈知道那是什么感觉。A. showed展示;B. knew知道;C. found发现;D. thought认为。根据““Interrupting others’ words is a bad ... , kind of like sucking (吮吸) your thumb (拇指),” she said to Kate.”可知,她理解凯特的感受,因此“知道”被打断的感觉。故选B。
5.考查名词词义辨析。句意:打断别人的话是个坏习惯,有点像吮吸拇指。A. job工作;B. dream梦想;C. habit习惯;D. story故事。根据“kind of like sucking your thumb”可知,妈妈将打断他人比作“吮吸拇指”,两者均属于“习惯”范畴。故选C。
6.考查副词词义辨析。句意:她也记得妈妈是如何帮助她的。A. again再次;B. only仅仅;C. just只是;D. also也。根据“Kate remembered how difficult it had been to stop sucking her thumb.”可知,此句补充“也记得”妈妈的帮助,表并列关系。故选D。
7.考查连词词义辨析。句意:第二天,凯特说话时,苏珊又打断了她。A. when当……时;B. before在……之前;C. after在……之后;D. and并且。根据“Susan broke in again”可知,苏珊的打断发生在凯特“正在说话时”,用when引导时间状语从句。故选A。
8.考查动词词义辨析。句意:你应该停止那样做。A. forget忘记;B. stop停止;C. enjoy享受;D. keep保持。根据“it makes me feel very bad”可知,凯特建议苏珊“停止”打断的行为,“stop doing sth.”表示“停止做某事”。故选B。
9.考查名词词义辨析。句意:在凯特的帮助下,苏珊学会了等到轮到自己说话的时候再讲。A. gift礼物;B. answer回答;C. help帮助;D. money金钱。根据“I’ll help you with it.”可知,凯特帮助了苏珊,“with one’s help”为固定搭配,意为“在某人的帮助下”。故选C。
10.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:她成为了一个好的倾听者,两个女孩成为了更好的朋友。A. strict严格的;B. busy忙碌的;C. lucky幸运的;D. good好的。根据“Susan learned to wait till it was her turn to talk”可知,苏珊学会了等待,因此成为“好的”倾听者。故选D。
题型三 阅读理解题
解|题|技|巧
1. 先读导语定主旨,再看题干找关键词(如人名、事件)。
2. 细节题:定位原文对应句(如时间、原因),直接匹配答案。
3. 推理题:结合原文信息(如“忙于孩子”推“没时间写信”),不主观臆断。
易|错|点|拨
1. 区分细节与推理:细节题答案在原文直接找,推理题需依信息推导。
2. 注意时间线索:如“搬迁前”“40年后”,避免混淆时间对应的事件。
3. 抓因果逻辑:题干问“为什么”,需在原文找直接原因(如缺分享对象致内心空缺)。
【典例1】(24-25高一上·全国·期末)Linda Evans was my best friend — like the sister I never had. We did everything together: piano lessons, movies, swimming, horse riding.
When I was 13, my family moved away. Linda and I kept in touch (联系) through letters, and we saw each other on special days — like my wedding (婚礼) and Linda’s. Soon we were busy with children and moved to new homes, and we wrote less often. One day a card that I sent came back, stamped “Address Unknown”. I had no idea how to find Linda.
Over the years, I missed Linda very much. I wanted to share stories of my children and then grandchildren. And I needed to share my sadness when my brother and then mother died. There was an empty place in my heart that only a friend like Linda could fill.
One day I was reading a newspaper when I noticed a photo of a young woman who looked a lot like Linda and whose last name was Wagman — Linda’s married name. “There must be thousands of Wagmans,” I thought, but I still wrote to her.
She called as soon as she got my letter. “Mrs. Tobin!” she said excitedly, “Linda Evans Wagman is my mother. ”
Minutes later I heard a voice that I knew very much, and I could easily recognize her voice even after 40 years. I was very happy at that time. Now the empty place in my heart is filled, and there’s one thing that Linda and I know for sure: we won’t lose each other again!
1.The writer went to piano lessons with Linda Evans ________.
A.when they were 14 B.before she got married
C.before the writer’s family moved away D.after they moved to new homes
2.Why didn’t they often write to each other?
A.Because they got married. B.Because they had little time to do so.
C.Because didn’t like writing letters. D.Because they could see each other on special days.
3.Why was there an empty place in the writer’s heart?
A.She was in trouble. B.Her mother died.
C.Nobody shared her happiness and sadness. D.She received the card that she sent.
4.The writer was very happy when she ________.
A.read the newspaper
B.heard Linda’s voice on the phone
C.met a young woman who looked a lot like Linda
D.wrote to the woman whose last name was Wagman
5.How long haven’t they kept in touch?
A.For about 40 years. B.For about 27 years.
C.Since they got married. D.Since the writer’s family moved away.
【答案】1.C 2.B 3.C 4.B 5.A
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要是讲作者和作者的好朋友Linda Evans的故事。
1.细节理解题。根据第一段“We did everything together: piano lessons, movies, swimming, horse riding. (我们一起做了所有事情:钢琴课,电影,游泳,骑马。)”及第二段“When I was 13, my family moved away. (13岁那年,我的家人搬走了。)”可知,作者在搬迁前和好友一起上钢琴课。故选C。
2.推理判断题。根据第二段“Soon we were busy with children and moved to new homes, and we wrote less often. (不久,我们忙于孩子,搬到新家,我们写的次数较少。)”可知,由于她们忙于照顾孩子,所以就没有时间写信。故选B。
3.推理判断题。根据第三段“I wanted to share stories of my children and then grandchildren. And I needed to share my sadness when my brother and then mother died. (我想分享我的孩子和孙子的故事。当我的兄弟和母亲去世时,我需要分享我的悲伤。)”及“There was an empty place in my heart that only a friend like Linda could fill. (我心里有一个空缺,只有像琳达这样的朋友才能填补)”可知,作者内心有空缺,是应为缺少像琳达那样能分享快乐和伤心事的人。故选C。
4.细节理解题。根据最后一段“Minutes later I heard a voice that I knew very much, and I could easily recognize her voice even after 40 years. I was very happy at that time. (几分钟后,我听到了我非常熟悉的声音,即使在40年后,我也可以轻松地识别她的声音。那时我很高兴。)”可知,作者高兴的原因是因为听到了好友的声音。故选B。
5.细节理解题。根据最后一段“Minutes later I heard a voice that I knew very much, and I could easily recognize her voice even after 40 years. (几分钟后,我听到了我非常熟悉的声音,即使在40年后,我也可以轻松地识别她的声音。)”可知,她们已经大约40年没有联系。故选A。
题型四 补充对话题
解|题|技|巧
1. 先通读对话,把握语境(朋友间解决矛盾),明确对话逻辑。
2. 看答语定问句:一般疑问句答语用Yes/No,选对应一般疑问句选项;陈述句答语选特殊疑问句或建议类选项。
3. 抓衔接词:如答语“Good idea”对应建议类句子,“You are welcome”对应感谢句。
易|错|点|拨
1. 区分“Did you feel sorry”与“Did you say sorry”:前者问“是否觉得抱歉”,后者问“是否道歉”,依答语“她不愿听”选后者。
2. 建议类句子(Why don't you…)对应“Good idea”,感谢句对应“不客气”,避免混淆功能句搭配。
【典例1】(2024高三·专题练习)阅读下面对话,从下列7个选项中选择5个恰当的句子完成此对话,并把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。
Anna: Hey, Julie. You look unhappy. 1
Julie: Yes, I've made Amy mad lately, and I have no idea what to do about it.
Anna: 2
Julie: Well, yesterday. She called me and invited me to go to a movie together. I was almost half an hour late.
Anna: Hm..., if so, that will also drive me crazy. 3
Julie: Yes, I did. But she didn't want to listen at that moment.
Anna: 4 You are good friends after all.
Julie: Good idea. She is my best friend. Without her, I may feel left out.
Anna: All right. Hope you can deal with the problem well.
Julie: 5
Anna: You are welcome.
A.Why don't you try it again one or two days later?
B.Thank you for your advice.
C.Did you feel sorry about that?
D.You have a point.
E.Is there anything wrong with you?
F.What happened?
G.Did you say sorry to her?
【答案】1.E 2.F 3.G 4.A 5.B
【分析】Julie接受Amy邀请看电影时迟到了半个小时,Amy没有原谅Julie的道歉,Julie感到闷闷不乐,Anna了解情况后建议Julie再一次向Amy道歉,因为他们毕竟是好朋友,Julie对Anna的建议表示感谢。
1.句意:你有什么问题吗?根据答语“Yes, I’ve made Amy mad lately”可知,问句是一般疑问句,在结合前面的句子“You look unhappy.”你看起来不开心,因此要问出现什么问题了吗?故答案为E。
2.句意:发生什么事了?根据答语“Well, yesterday, She called me and invited me to go to a movie together. I was almost half an hour late.”可知,Julie接受邀请看电影迟到了半个小时。故问句询问发生了什么事,故答案为F。
3.句意:你向她道歉了吗?根据答语“Yes, I did.”可知,问句是以Did开头的一般疑问句,再结合句意可知,Amy没有接受道歉,故答案为G。
4.句意:你为什么不在一两天后再试一次呢?结合后面的句子“You are good friends after all.”可知,Anna建议Julie再一次向Amy表达歉意,故答案为A。
5.句意:谢谢你的建议。对于别人的建议表示感谢,故答案为B。
题型五 汉译英题
解|题|技|巧
1. 先确定核心结构:含宾语从句的句子,主句+引导词+从句,从句用陈述语序。
2. 定时态:主句过去时,从句用相应过去时态(如过去将来时);主句现在时,从句依句意定时态。
3. 常用句式套用:“恐怕”译“I’m afraid that...”,“知道/认为/告诉”后接从句,疑问词引导从句用陈述语序。
易|错|点|拨
1. 区分时态搭配:主句“told”(过去时),从句“将要”译“would do”,而非“will do”。
2. 疑问词引导从句:“如何工作”译“how this robot works”,而非“how does this robot work”,需陈述语序。
3. that可省略:如“He told me (that) he would...”,但“I’m afraid that...”中that常保留。4. 从句错:if从句用疑问语序(could I attend)。
【典例1】(26-27高一上·安徽·单元测试)恐怕我不能帮助你。(句子汉译英)
【答案】I’m afraid that I can’t help you.
【详解】考查情态动词及宾语从句。恐怕:I’m afraid,常用短语,位于句首;分析句子结构可知,后面为that引导的宾语从句,时态应用一般现在时,我:I,作宾语从句的主语;不能:can’t,情态动词can的否定形式,后接动词原形;帮助:help,与情态动词构成复合谓语;你:you,作help的宾语。故本句译为:I’m afraid that I can’t help you.
【典例2】(26-27高二上·福建·课后作业)我没有察觉到你那么不开心。(句子汉译英)
【答案】I didn’t notice that you were so unhappy.
【详解】考查动词时态及宾语从句。根据中文可知,句子陈述过去事实,用一般过去时。我:I,作主语;没有察觉到:didn’t notice,一般过去时的否定句;你那么不开心:that you were so unhappy,that引导宾语从句,作notice的宾语。故本句译为:I didn’t notice that you were so unhappy.
【典例3】(26-27高二上·广东·课后作业)你知道这个机器人如何工作吗?(句子汉译英)
【答案】Do you know how this robot works?
【详解】考查宾语从句。根据句意及“?”可知,这是一个含宾语从句的一般疑问句,主语是“你”,用助动词do开头。你:you,作主语;知道:know,作谓语;这个机器人如何工作:how this robot works,how引导的宾语从句;this robot,作主语;works,作谓语。故本句译为:Do you know how this robot works?
【典例4】(25-26高一上·河北·课后作业)为什么人们认为他是伟大的发明家?(句子汉译英)
【答案】Why do people think he is a great inventor?
【详解】考查特殊疑问句和宾语从句。根据“?”以及“为什么”可知,这是一个特殊疑问句,根据句意可知,句子描述的是现状,应用一般现在时。特殊疑问句的构成是“特殊疑问词+一般疑问句”的语序。为什么:why,对原因状语提问,置于句首,首字母需大写;人们:people,作主语;认为:think,作谓语;主语是people,所以使用助动词do引导一般疑问句;他是伟大的发明家:he is a great inventor,宾语从句,使用陈述语序,主系表结构。故本句译为:Why do people think he is a great inventor?
【典例5】(2025高三·全国·专题练习)他告诉我,他下周将要参加一个会议。(句子汉译英)
【答案】He told me that he would attend a meeting next week.
【详解】考查一般过去时及过去将来时。“他告诉我”为主句,描述的是过去发生的事情,所以使用一般过去时。他:He,作主句的主语;告诉:told,作谓语,是一般过去时;我:me,作told的宾语。“他下周将要参加一个会议”为宾语从句,应用that引导,是从过去时间点描述将要发生的动作,应用过去将来时。他:he,作从句的主语;将要参加一个会议would attend a meeting;下周:next week,作时间状语。故本句译为:He told me that he would attend a meeting next week.
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