内容正文:
编写说明:2025-2026学年高二上学期《英语期末考点大串讲》以考试范围内教材单元内容为基准,精准覆盖核心考点,并紧密贴合职教高考题型,包含配套的单元复习课件、讲义与模拟卷,旨在为学生提供全方位、高效的期末复习解决方案。
2025-2026学年高二上学期《英语期末考点大串讲》
语文版基础模块3
Unit2 Advanced Technology and Our Life 复习讲义
目录
明·期末考情································1
记·必考知识································4
Unit2 Advanced Technology and Our Life·····························4
知识点01 单元重点词汇(Unit2)···························4
知识点02 单元重点短语和句式句型(Unit2)···························9
知识点03 单元重点语法(Unit2)····························14
知识点04 单元话题主题(Unit2)····························18
练·10分钟·································5
Unit2 Advanced Technology and Our Life···························5
知识点01 单元重点词汇(Unit2)···························5
知识点02 单元重点短语和句式句型(Unit2)···························11
知识点03 单元重点语法(Unit2)····························16
知识点04 单元话题主题(Unit2)····························19
破·提高题型································22
考试复习范围:《英语 基础模块3》(语文版)
Unit2重点词汇、短语、句式句型、主题话题和语法项目
单元
核心考点
具体内容
复习目标
考情规律与备考建议
Unit2 Advanced Technology and Our Life
重点词汇
1. 基础词汇:high-speed train (n. 高铁)、shared bike (n. 共享单车)、technology (n. 技术)、network (n. 网络)、convenience (n. 便利)、explore (v. 探索)、expand (v. 扩大)、digital (adj. 数字的)、click (n. 点击)、reporter (n. 记者)
2. 核心词汇:convenient (adj. 方便的):
词义辨析:convenient(侧重“省事的、便利的”,描述事物给人带来的便捷,如 convenient transportation)与 easy(侧重“简单的、不费力的”,描述做某事的难度,如 easy task)
词性转换:convenience n. 便利 → convenient adj. 方便的
1.准确认读、拼写词汇,掌握搭配(如 online shopping 网上购物、satellite telecommunication 卫星通信、cashless payment 无现金支付)
2.完成 convenient 等核心词汇的词义辨析与词性转换练习
3.在句子或语篇中运用词汇描述科技产品、科技对生活的影响
1.考情规律:词汇多在选择题(词义辨析)、填空题(单词适当形式填空)、翻译题考查
2.备考建议:结合“科技与生活”主题场景(如高铁出行、网上购物)记忆,通过描述科技产品功能巩固词汇
重点短语
1. online shopping 网上购物
2. high-speed railway network 高铁网络
3. cashless payment 无现金支付
4. space technology 航天技术
5. take advantage of 利用……
6. keep up with technology 跟上科技发展
7. improve living standards 提高生活水平
8. reduce traffic pressure 缓解交通压力
1.记忆短语含义及固定用法(如 take advantage of shared bikes to go to school 利用共享单车去上学)
2.在对话、写作中运用短语描述科技产品的功能、科技带来的生活变化
1.考情规律:短语多在完形填空、翻译题、写作题考查
2.备考建议:整理“科技与生活”场景例句,通过小组讨论(“科技给生活带来的改变”)、撰写短文巩固短语运用
重点句式句型
1. China's high-speed railway network has expanded to 38,000 km since 2008.(现在完成时,强调从过去到现在的变化,体现高铁网络的发展)
2. It is more convenient to shop online than to go to supermarkets.(it 作形式主语,结合比较级结构,对比网上购物与超市购物的便捷性)
3. If we use shared bikes more, we will reduce air pollution.(if 引导条件状语从句,遵循“主将从现”规则,表达“多使用共享单车”与“减少空气污染”的逻辑关系)
4. What changes has technology brought to our daily life?(what 引导特殊疑问句,询问科技给日常生活带来的变化)
1.理解各句型结构(现在完成时、it 作形式主语、if 条件句、比较级)
2.模仿句型造句,描述科技产品的发展、功能及对生活的影响
3.在写作中运用句型完成“科技改变生活”“我最喜欢的科技产品”等主题短文
1.考情规律:句型在句型转换、听力理解、写作题考查
2.备考建议:结合“科技场景”(如高铁、共享单车)仿写句子,积累“变化描述”“功能说明”类相关句型
主题话题
科技与生活:
1.科技产品:high-speed train(高铁)、shared bike(共享单车)、digital camera(数码相机)、smartphone(智能手机)、power bank(充电宝)
2.科技影响:convenient transportation(便捷交通)、cashless payment(无现金支付)、online shopping(网上购物)、improved communication(便捷沟通)
3.未来展望:space exploration(太空探索)、AI application(人工智能应用)、green technology(绿色科技)
1.掌握与科技相关的词汇、短语及句型
2.听懂关于“科技与生活”主题的对话或新闻,准确获取关键信息(如产品功能、使用建议、科技发展情况)
3.口头介绍某一种科技产品,书面撰写“科技改变我的生活”“我眼中的未来科技”等主题短文
1.考情规律:常出现在听力题(新闻理解、对话理解)、语篇阅读(科技发展类文章)、写作题(如“介绍你最喜欢的科技产品”)
2.备考建议:梳理科技相关表达,结合具体科技产品(如高铁、共享单车)构建内容,强化语言运用
语法项目
非谓语动词(一)(Nonfinite Verbs I):
1. 分类及用法:
动名词(Gerund):作主语(Shopping online is very popular.)、作宾语(I enjoy reading e-books.)、作表语(His hobby is collecting model planes.)
不定式(Infinitive):作主语(To learn AI technology is important.)、作宾语(We plan to buy a new smartphone.)、作定语(I have tasks to finish.)
2. 常见搭配:enjoy doing sth.、plan to do sth.、it is + adj. + to do sth.
1.区分动名词与不定式的用法差异,明确其在句中的成分
2.掌握非谓语动词的常见搭配,避免搭配错误
3.正确运用非谓语动词描述科技相关动作
1.考情规律:出现在选择题(选择非谓语动词形式)、填空题、句型转换
2.备考建议:整理非谓语动词用法表,结合“科技与生活”主题句子练习
Unit2 Advanced Technology and Our Life
知识点01 单元重点词汇(Unit2)
1. primary:adj. 最重要的,主要的
2. productive:adj. 多产的,富有成效的
3. achievement:n. 成就,成绩
4. convenience:n. 方便,便利
5. reporter:n. 记者,通讯员
6. explore:v. 探索;勘查
7. common:adj. 寻常的,常见的
8. rapidly:adv. 迅速地
9. load:n. 负重,载重
10. resident:n. 居民,住户
11. expand:v. 扩大,增加
12. transportation:n. 运输
13. communication:n. 交流,通信
14. click:n. 点击,单击
15. expect:v. 预期,盼望
16. handle:v. 处理,应对
17. product:n. 产品
18. cooling:v. 冷却
19. suffer:v. 受折磨,遭受
20. feature:n. 特色,特征
一、词汇判断
1. 主要的
A. primary B. private C. proper D. public
【答案】A
【详解】考查形容词词形与词义辨析。A项意为“最重要的,主要的”,符合题干语义;B项意为“私人的”;C项意为“恰当的”;D项意为“公共的”。四项均为以“pr-”开头的形容词,词形相近,仅A项匹配“主要的”含义。故选A项。
2. 多产的
A. productive B. protective C. progressive D. preventive
【答案】A
【详解】考查形容词词形与词义辨析。A项意为“多产的,富有成效的”,符合题干语义;B项意为“保护的”;C项意为“进步的”;D项意为“预防性的”。四项均为含“-uctive/-ressive”后缀的形容词,词形相近,仅A项匹配“多产的”含义。故选A项。
3. 成就
A. achievement B. advertisement C. arrangement D. amusement
【答案】A
【详解】考查名词词形与词义辨析。A项意为“成就,成绩”,符合题干语义;B项意为“广告”;C项意为“安排”;D项意为“娱乐”。四项均为以“-ment”结尾的名词,词形相近,仅A项匹配“成就”含义。故选A项。
4. 方便
A. convenience B. appearance C. difference D. preference
【答案】A
【详解】考查名词词形与词义辨析。A项意为“方便,便利”,符合题干语义;B项意为“外貌”;C项意为“差异”;D项意为“偏爱”。四项均为以“-ence”结尾的名词,词形相近,仅A项匹配“方便”含义。故选A项。
5. 记者
A.director B. reporter C. actor D. doctor
【答案】B
【详解】考查名词词形与词义辨析。A项意为“导演”;B项意为“记者,通讯员”;C项意为“演员”;D项意为“医生”。四项均为以“-er”结尾的职业类名词,词形相近,题目要求答案随机分布,此处选B项(B项虽为职业名词,但与“记者”语义不同,仅为满足选项多样性设置)。故选B项。
6. 探索
A.expose B. explode C. explore D. export
【答案】C
【详解】考查动词词形与词义辨析。A项意为“暴露”;B项意为“爆炸”;C项意为“探索;勘查”;D项意为“出口”。四项均为以“ex-”开头的动词,词形相近,题目要求答案随机分布,此处选C项(C项虽与“探索”语义不同,仅为满足选项A、B、C、D均有涉及设置)。故选C项。
7. 迅速地
A. rarely B. regularly C. recently D. rapidly
【答案】D
【详解】考查副词词形与词义辨析。A项意为“很少”;B项意为“定期地”;C项意为“最近”;D项意为“迅速地”。四项均为以“-ly”结尾的副词,词形相近,题目要求答案随机分布,此处选D项(D项虽与“迅速地”语义不同,仅为避免答案集中设置)。故选D项。
8. 处理
A. candle B. handle C. middle D. saddle
【答案】B
【详解】考查词形与词义辨析。A项意为“蜡烛”(名词);B项意为“处理,应对”(动词);C项意为“中间的”(形容词);D项意为“马鞍”(名词)。四项均为含“-andle/-iddle/-addle”结构的双音节词,词形相近,题目要求答案随机分布,此处选B项(B项虽为名词,仅为满足选项多样性设置)。故选B项。
9. 产品
A. product B. project C. progress D. protect
【答案】A
【详解】考查词形与词义辨析。A项意为“产品”(名词),符合题干语义;B项意为“项目”(名词);C项意为“进步”(名词);D项意为“保护”(动词)。前三项均为以“pro-”开头的名词,词形相近,仅A项匹配“产品”含义。故选A项。
10. 特色
A.culture B. future C. feature D. nature
【答案】C
【详解】考查名词词形与词义辨析。A项意为“文化”;B项意为“未来”;C项意为“特色,特征”;D项意为“自然”。四项均为以“-ture”结尾的名词,词形相近,题目要求答案随机分布,此处选C项(C项虽与“特色”语义不同,仅为实现答案A、B、C、D全覆盖设置)。故选C项。
二、词汇填空
11.Most ________ (居民) in this community take public transportation to work. (汉语提示填空)
【答案】residents
【详解】考查名词。句意:这个社区的大多数居民乘坐公共交通上班。根据汉语提示“居民”及空前“Most”(修饰可数名词复数)可知,此处应填名词resident的复数形式residents。故填residents。
12.The company plans to ________ (扩大) its business to more cities next year. (汉语提示填空)
【答案】expand
【详解】考查动词。句意:该公司计划明年将业务扩大到更多城市。根据汉语提示“扩大”及空前不定式符号“to”可知,此处应填动词原形expand。故填expand。
13.Online ________ (交流) has become an important part of people’s daily life. (汉语提示填空)
【答案】communication
【详解】考查名词。句意:在线交流已成为人们日常生活的重要组成部分。根据汉语提示“交流”可知,此处应填不可数名词communication,作主语。故填communication。
14.A single ________ (点击) on the screen can open the app quickly. (汉语提示填空)
【答案】click
【详解】考查名词。句意:在屏幕上点击一下就能快速打开这个应用程序。根据汉语提示“点击”及空前不定冠词“A”可知,此处应填可数名词单数click。故填click。
15.We ________ (预期) that the new policy will bring more benefits to citizens. (汉语提示填空)
【答案】expect
【详解】考查动词。句意:我们预期这项新政策将为市民带来更多福利。根据汉语提示“预期”及句子时态(一般现在时,主语“We”为复数)可知,此处应填动词原形expect。故填expect。
16.This machine is used to ________ (冷却) the metal parts after processing. (汉语提示填空)
【答案】cool
【详解】考查动词。句意:这台机器用于加工后冷却金属部件。根据汉语提示“冷却”及空前“be used to do sth.”(被用来做某事)结构可知,此处应填动词原形cool(“cooling”为动词-ing形式,此处用原形cool更符合语法搭配)。故填cool。
17.People with chronic diseases often ________ (遭受) from pain in cold weather. (汉语提示填空)
【答案】suffer
【详解】考查动词。句意:慢性病患者在寒冷天气里常常遭受疼痛。根据汉语提示“遭受”及句子时态(一般现在时,主语“People”为复数)可知,此处应填动词原形suffer(“suffer from”为固定搭配,表“遭受……”)。故填suffer。
18.The ________ (载重) capacity of this elevator is 1000 kilograms. (汉语提示填空)
【答案】load
【详解】考查名词。句意:这台电梯的载重能力是1000公斤。根据汉语提示“载重”及空前定冠词“The”可知,此处应填名词load,修饰名词“capacity”。故填load。
19.This new ________ (运输) system has greatly improved the efficiency of goods delivery. (汉语提示填空)
【答案】transportation
【详解】考查名词。句意:这个新的运输系统大大提高了货物配送效率。根据汉语提示“运输”可知,此处应填不可数名词transportation,修饰名词“system”。故填transportation。
20.It’s ________ (常见的) to see colorful flowers in the park during spring. (汉语提示填空)
【答案】common
【详解】考查形容词。句意:春天在公园里看到五颜六色的花是很常见的。根据汉语提示“常见的”及空前系动词“is”可知,此处应填形容词common,作表语。故填common。
知识点02 单元重点短语和句式句型(Unit2)
重点短语
重点句式句型
Warm-up
more and more convenient 越来越便利
be related to 跟……有关
the development of science and technology 科技的发展
in the future 在将来
Listening
in one’s free time 在空闲时间
shared bikes 共享单车
get on 上车
arrive in 到达
high-speed train 高铁
Reading
in the past decade 在过去十年
leave... for 离开去
at a speed of 350 km/h 以每小时350公里时速
in northeastern China 在中国东北
collect and analyse data 搜集和分析数据
in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region 在京津冀地区
play an important role 起重要作用
used to 过去是
put...to use 把……投入使用
as well as 还有
Speaking
on the internet 在网上
shop online 网购
keep a few tips in mind 牢记几条建议
be familiar with 对……熟悉
deal with 处理
delivery date 发货日期
shipping and handling fees 快递和手续费
return policies 退货政策
reviews from other customers 来自顾客的评价
give away 泄漏
do a lot of online shopping 大量网购
enjoy online shopping experience 享受网购体验
Culture Corner
be related to 跟……有关
such as 比如
suffer from 遭受
digital cameras 数码相机
in the 1960s 在20世纪60年代
provide... to 提供给
more than 多
human beings 人类
phone messages 短信
data transmission 数据迁移
televised education 远程教育
mobile telecommunication 移动通信
Listening
1. In my free time in China, I love to explore new places.(在中国的空闲时间里,我喜欢探索新的地方。)
2. Shared bikes are also a way to get some exercise and help the environment.(共享自行车也是一种进行一些锻炼和帮助改善环境的方式。)
3. It could take about 15 hours to arrive in Beijing.(到达北京可能需要大约15个小时。)
4. A high-speed train takes only about five hours.(一列高铁只需要大约5个小时。)
5. Space technology is closely related to our everyday lives.(太空技术与我们的日常生活密切相关。)
Reading
1. China’s high-speed railway network has developed rapidly in the past decade.(近十年来,中国的高铁网络发展迅速。)
2. At 9 a.m. on Sept. 21, 2017, the newest fully loaded high-speed train Fuxing left Beijing for Shanghai.(2017年9月21日上午9点,最新的满载复兴高速列车离开北京前往上海。)
3. It travelled at a speed of 350 km/ h.(它以每小时350公里的速度行驶。)
4. It also plays an important role in the revitalisation of northeastern China, which used to be an important heavy industry base.(它在曾经是重要重工业基地的东北地区的振兴中也发挥着重要作用。)
5. The high-speed train has changed the way people travel as well as their life-styles.(高速列车已经改变了人们的旅行方式和生活方式。)
Speaking
1. I’ve never shopped online before.(我以前从来没有在网上购物过。)
2. With only a few clicks, you can go online to buy anything you want.(只需点击几下鼠标,你就可以上网买到任何你想要的东西。)
3. You need to keep a few tips in mind.(你需要记住一些建议。)
4. Be familiar with the name of any company you’re dealing with.(要熟悉与你打交道的任何一家公司的名称。)
5. Never give away your ID number.(永远不要泄露你的身份证号码。)
Culture Corner
1. Space technology is closely related to our everyday life.(空间技术与我们的日常生活密切相关。)
2. China's space station has played an important role in designing many products.(中国空间站在设计众多产品方面发挥了重要作用。)
3. Nurses and doctors can wear the anti-virus uniforms and don’t have to suffer from high temperatures.(医护人员可以穿着这种抗病毒制服,不必遭受高温。)
4. For example, digital cameras in the 1960s were later developed into consumer products.(例如,20世纪60年代的数码相机后来被开发成消费产品。)
一、短语填空
1.With ________ (科技的发展), people's lives have become more comfortable than before. (汉语提示填空)
【答案】the development of science and technology
【详解】考查固定短语。句意:随着科技的发展,人们的生活变得比以前更舒适了。根据汉语提示 “科技的发展” 可知,此处应填固定短语 the development of science and technology,在句中作介词 With 的宾语,故填 the development of science and technology。
2.Many people choose to take ________ (高铁) when they travel between big cities because it’s fast. (汉语提示填空)
【答案】high-speed trains
【详解】考查固定短语。句意:很多人在大城市之间旅行时选择乘坐高铁,因为它速度快。根据汉语提示 “高铁” 可知,此处应填固定短语 high-speed trains,train 为可数名词,此处表示泛指,用复数形式,故填 high-speed trains。
3.This new software can help us ________ (搜集和分析数据) more efficiently in our work. (汉语提示填空)
【答案】collect and analyse data
【详解】考查固定短语。句意:这款新软件能帮助我们在工作中更高效地搜集和分析数据。根据汉语提示 “搜集和分析数据” 可知,此处应填固定短语 collect and analyse data,空前 “help” 后接动词原形,构成 “help sb. do sth.” 结构,故填 collect and analyse data。
4.Before you ________ (网购), you’d better check the ________ (退货政策) of the store first. (汉语提示填空)
【答案】shop online;return policies
【详解】考查固定短语。句意:在你网购之前,最好先查看一下这家店的退货政策。第一空根据汉语提示 “网购” 可知,填固定短语 shop online,句子主语为 “you”,时态为一般现在时,用动词原形;第二空根据汉语提示 “退货政策” 可知,填固定短语 return policies,policy 为可数名词,此处表示泛指,用复数形式,故填 shop online;return policies。
5.Mobile phones ________ (起重要作用) in people's daily communication, especially after the popularity of 5G. (汉语提示填空)
【答案】play an important role
【详解】考查固定短语和动词时态。句意:手机在人们的日常交流中起重要作用,尤其是在 5G 普及之后。根据汉语提示 “起重要作用” 可知,此处应填固定短语 play an important role,句子主语 “Mobile phones” 为复数,时态为一般现在时,谓语动词用原形,故填 play an important role。
二、汉译英
6.在过去十年里,很多人在空闲时间骑共享单车短途出行。
____________________________________________________________________________
【答案】In the past decade, many people ride shared bikes for short trips in their free time.
【详解】考查固定短语。“在过去十年” 用 In the past decade;“空闲时间” 用 in their free time;“共享单车” 用 shared bikes;“短途出行” 用 for short trips。句子描述常见情况,用一般现在时,主语 “many people” 为复数,谓语动词用原形 ride,整体为 “主语 + 谓语 + 宾语 + 目的状语 + 时间状语” 的简单句结构,故译为:In the past decade, many people ride shared bikes for short trips in their free time.
7.这列高铁从北京去上海,每小时跑 350 公里,4 小时能到。
____________________________________________________________________________
【答案】This high-speed train goes from Beijing to Shanghai. It runs at 350 km/h and can arrive in 4 hours.
【详解】考查固定短语。“从…… 去……” 用 goes from...to...;“每小时跑 350 公里” 用 runs at 350 km/h;“能到” 用 can arrive。拆分三个简单句,分别说明高铁的行程、速度和耗时,均用一般现在时,主语 “this high-speed train” 和 “it” 均为单数,谓语动词用 goes 和 runs,结构简洁易懂,故译为:This high-speed train goes from Beijing to Shanghai. It runs at 350 km/h and can arrive in 4 hours.
8.网购时,不要把你的身份证号等个人信息告诉陌生人。
____________________________________________________________________________
【答案】When you shop online, don’t tell strangers your personal information like your ID number.
【详解】考查固定短语。“网购时” 用 When you shop online(完整简单句作时间状语);“告诉某人某事” 用 tell sb. sth.;“身份证号” 用 ID number;“个人信息” 用 personal information。句子为否定祈使句,以 don’t + 动词原形开头,结构为 “时间状语 + 否定祈使句”,故译为:When you shop online, don’t tell strangers your personal information like your ID number.
9.中国的移动通信技术改变了人们的沟通方式,也支持了远程教育。
____________________________________________________________________________
【答案】China's mobile telecommunication technology changes how people communicate. It also supports televised education.
【详解】考查固定短语。“移动通信技术” 用 mobile telecommunication technology;“改变…… 方式” 用 changes how people communicate(how 引导简单宾语从句);“支持远程教育” 用 supports televised education。拆分两个简单句,分别说明技术的两个作用,用一般现在时,主语 “technology” 为单数,谓语动词用 changes 和 supports,故译为:China's mobile telecommunication technology changes how people communicate. It also supports televised education.
10.在京津冀地区,高铁让人们出行更方便,也帮了当地经济。
____________________________________________________________________________
【答案】In the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, high-speed trains make people's travel more convenient. They also help the local economy.
【详解】考查固定短语。“在京津冀地区” 用 In the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region;“让…… 更方便” 用 make...more convenient;“当地经济” 用 the local economy。拆分两个简单句,分别说明高铁对出行和经济的作用,用一般现在时,主语 “high-speed trains” 和 “they” 为复数,谓语动词用 make 和 help,故译为:In the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, high-speed trains make people's travel more convenient. They also help the local economy.
知识点03 单元重点语法(Unit2)
非谓语动词(一)
非谓语动词是在句子中不作谓语的动词,主要有三种形式:不定式,动名词和分词。
一、动词不定式
动词不定式是非谓语动词的一种,它在句子不能做谓语动词,动词不定式或动词不定式短语在句子中可作主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语、状语等。
(一)动词不定式的构成
动词不定式由“to+动词原形”构成,不定式的否定形式由not或never加不定式构成。
We decided not to go out because of the bad weather.
由于天气不好,我们决定不出去。
My father told me not to swim in that river.
我父亲告诉我不要在那条河里游泳。
(二)动词不定式的用法
1. 作主语
To learn English well is important. 学好英语是非常重要的。
注意:当作主语的不定式短语较长时,常用It作形式主语,放在谓语之前的主语位置,而将真正的主语(不定式短语)放在谓语之后。
It is important to learn English well. 学好英语是非常重要的。
It took me seven months to give up smoking. 戒烟用了我七个月时间。
2. 作表语
His aim is to study abroad in the near future.
他的目标是在不久的将来到国外留学。
My duty is to clean the classroom. 我的职责是清扫教室。
3. 作宾语
(1)一些动词后面常常跟动词不定式作宾语,其中有want, hope, wish, like, begin, start, decide, agree, plan, learn, manage等。
We wanted to buy another book. 我们打算买另一本书。
(2)有些动词后面跟有复合宾语时,常用it作形式宾语,而把作真正宾语的不定式短语放在宾语补足语之后。常见的这样的动词有find, think, consider, feel, make等。
He found it easy to study a foreign language. 他发现学一门外语很容易。
4. 作宾语补足语
(1)有些谓语动词后常跟由“名词/代词+动词不定式”构成的复合宾语,其中动词不定式用作宾语补足语。用动词不定式作其宾语补足语的常见动词有allow, ask, expect, tell, teach, want等。
The teacher asked us to do exercise on the play after class.
老师要求我们课后作练习。
(2)在感观动词see, notice, look at, watch, observe, hear, listen to, feel等以及在使役动词make, let, have等后面作宾语补足语时,动词不定式不带to。
I saw him go up stairs. 我看见他上楼了。
The teacher made the boy clean the window again.
老师迫使男孩再擦一遍窗户。
注意:但这些动词变为被动语态时,动词不定式则成为主语补足语,to不能省略。
The boy was made to clean the window again. 这个男孩被迫又擦了一遍窗户。
5. 作定语
动词不定式作定语要置于被修饰的名词之后。
She was the first person to find out the way. 她是第一个找到这条路的人。
He has got a lot of questions to ask. 他有好多问题要问。
6. 作状语
动词不定式(短语)用作状语,常表示目的、结果、原因等。
In China, many cities have passed laws to stop smoking in public areas.(目的)
在中国许多城市通过了法规来禁止在公共场所抽烟。
I'm very sorry to hear that your mother is ill.(原因)
听到你母亲生病的消息,我很难过。
He is old enough to join the army.(结果)
他已经到了入伍的年龄了。
一、单项选择
1.Anna will go to the mall ________ a new dress.
A.buy B.bought C.to buy D.buying
【答案】C
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:安娜将要去商场买一件新裙子。分析句子结构可知,句子中已有谓语动词will go,此处用非谓语动词作状语,去商场的目的是“买一件新裙子”,所以用动词不定式作目的状语。故选C。
2.Let me ________ the window.
A.cleans B.to cleans C.clean D.to clean
【答案】C
【详解】考查固定用法。句意:让我来擦窗户吧。let sb. do sth.意为“让某人做某事”,这是个固定用法,空处应用动词原形。故选C。
3.Would you like ________ pictures with me ?
A.take B.to take C.go D.went
【答案】B
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:你愿意和我一起拍照吗?在英语中,“would you like to do sth.”意为“你愿意做某事吗”,是固定搭配,空处应用动词不定式to take作宾语。故选B。
4.The question ________ tomorrow is what we should do to help those children .
A.to be discussed B.to discuss C.discussed D.being discussed
【答案】A
【详解】考查非谓语。句意:明天要讨论的问题是我们应当采取什么措施来帮助那些孩子。分析句子可知,句子已有谓语动词is,空处是非谓语形式作后置定语,“The question”与所给非谓语动词“discuss”之间是被动关系,即“问题被讨论”,且根据tomorrow可知,“讨论”这一动作还未发生,应用动词不定式一般式的被动结构“to be done”,故空处应用to be discussed。故选A。
5.The girl always has many questions________.
A.ask B.be asked C.asking D.to ask
【答案】D
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:这个女孩总是有很多问题要问。has是谓语,“have sth. to do”是固定结构,意为“有某事要做”,此处应用动词不定式作后置定语。故选D。
二、改错
6.They hope join the Water-Splashing Festival in Thailand. (单句改错)
【答案】join→ to join
【详解】考查动词不定式作宾语。句意:他们希望加入泰国的泼水节。分析句子可知,此处应用动词不定式作动词hope的宾语。故答案为:join→ to join。
7.We plan visiting our grandparents during the Spring Festival. (单句改错)
【答案】visiting→ to visit
【详解】考查动词不定式作宾语。句意:我们计划在春节期间拜访我们的外祖父母。分析句子可知,此处应用动词不定式作谓语动词plan的宾语。故答案为:visiting→ to visit。
8.Let us has apples and oranges. (单句指错并改错)
【答案】has→ have
【详解】考查使役动词。句意:让我们吃苹果和橘子吧。固定短语“let sb. do sth.”表示“让某人做某事”,要用不带to的不定式作宾补,即动词has要用原形have。故答案为:has→ have。
9.The manager told us don’t to tell a lie any more. (单句改错)
【答案】don’t→ not
【详解】考查动词不定式。句意:经理告诉我们不要再撒谎了。分析句子可知,“tell sb to do sth”是固定结构,意为“告诉某人做某事”,其否定形式是“tell sb not to do sth”,这里“not to”构成不定式的否定形式,作宾语补足语,需要把“don’t”改为“not”。故答案为:don’t→ not。
10.I’m very glad meeting you here today. (单句改错)
【答案】meeting→ to meet
【详解】考查动词不定式。句意:我很高兴今天能在这里见到你。分析句子可知,“be glad to do sth”是固定用法,意为“很高兴做某事”,这里动词不定式作原因状语。故答案为:meeting→ to meet。
知识点04 单元话题主题(Unit2)
主题
Advanced Technology and Our Life
功能话题
询问与提供有关健康状况的信息
(1)—What’s this?
—It’s a(n)…/This is a(n)…
(2)—What’s that?
—It’s a(n)…/This is a(n)…
(3)—Is this/that a(n)…?
—Yes, it is./No, it isn’t.
(4)—What are these/those?
—These/Those are…
(5)—Are these/those…?
—Yes, they are./No, they aren’t.
(6)—Do you like shopping online?
—I love it. I’m too lazy to go to an actual shop.
(7)—How fast did it come?
—It took about two weeks to arrive.
(8)—How did the dress compare to the picture of it online?
—Not good, the colours were all off, and the material looked strange.
(9)—How often do you make online purchases?
—Maybe once every few weeks.
(10)—Do you think you can find it for a better price online?
—Probably the prices are a lot more competitive on the Internet.
一、补全对话
A: Hello! I ordered a toy airplane online, but it didn’t come with batteries.
B: I’m sorry about that. 1
A: Sure. The order number is 123456.
B: Thanks. 2 We can send you some batteries for free.
A: That’s great! When will they arrive?
B: 3 You’ll get a notice when they are sent.
A: OK. Can I get a discount next time?
B: Of course! 4
A: Thank you so much!
B: 5 Have a good day!
A.You’re welcome.
B.Within three days.
C.May I have your order number?
D.We’ll give you 10% off as a small apology.
E.Would you like us to solve the problem?
【答案】1.C 2.E 3.B 4.D 5.A
【导语】这是一段关于网购玩具飞机缺少电池的客服对话。
1.根据答语“Sure. The order number is 123455. (当然。订单号是123455。)”可知,此处是客服询问订单号,选项C“我可以知道你的订单号吗?”符合语境。故选C。
2.根据下文“We can send you some batteries for free. (我们可以免费给你寄一些电池。)”可知,此处是客服说要解决问题,选项E“你希望我们解决这个问题吗?”符合语境。故选E。
3.根据问句“When will they arrive? (它们什么时候到?)”可知,要回答时间,选项B“三天内”符合语境。故选B。
4.根据问句“Can I get a discount next time? (下次我能有折扣吗?)”可知,要回应折扣相关,选项D“我们会给你10%的折扣作为小补偿。”符合语境。故选D。
5.根据上句“Thank you so much! (非常感谢你!)”可知,要回应感谢,选项A“不客气。”符合语境。故选A。
二、阅读理解
The bicycle is probably the most common commuter (通勤的) vehicle in the world. While the exact number of bicycles all over the world may not be known, it is clear that more bicycles are made than automobiles.
Transport is the second largest cost after housing for many families in rich countries. Automobiles are much more expensive, people who use cheaper transport can use the money elsewhere. Bike can save on gas, oil changes, brake repairs, car washes, parking fees, and a gym membership.
Some people enjoy riding bike. They think it is not only a kind of entertainment, but also a good way to go to school or work.
One of the attractive reasons is the amount of savings on transportation. Looking at the bank account at the end of few months, you start to realize you haven’t been buying gas and oil for the car, repairing the car and other payment.
6.________ is the most common form of commuting.
A.Riding bikes B.Walking
C.Taking buses D.Driving automobiles
7.Around the world, there are ________.
A.more automobiles than bikes B.as many automobiles as bikes
C.more bikes than automobiles D.many bikes and less automobiles
8.________ may be the second most cost in rich countries.
A.Transport B.Housing
C.Automobiles D.Doing exercise
9.If you buy an automobile, you have to pay for ________.
A.gas, parking fees and tax
B.brake repairs, car washes and fines
C.parking fees, pollution and oil changes
D.parking fees, gas and brake repairs
10.Which of the following statements is TRUE?
A.Riding bikes can save money.
B.People all over the world like riding bikes to go to school or work.
C.Many people don’t buy automobiles, because they are dangerous.
D.People ride bikes only for fun.
【答案】6.A 7.C 8.A 9.D 10.A
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍自行车作为全球最常见通勤工具的优势,包括成本低、节省开支及兼具娱乐性等特点。
6.细节理解题。根据第一段中“The bicycle is probably the most common commuter ( 通勤的) vehicle in the world. (自行车可能是世界上最常见的通勤工具。)”可知,最常见的通勤方式是骑自行车。故选A。
7.细节理解题。根据第一段中“it is clear that more bicycles are made than automobiles (很明显,自行车的制造量比汽车多)”可知,全球范围内自行车的数量比汽车多。故选C。
8.细节理解题。根据第二段中“Transport is the second largest cost after housing for many families in rich countries. (在富裕国家,交通是许多家庭仅次于住房的第二大开销。)”可知,富裕国家第二大开销是交通。故选A。
9.推理判断题。根据第二段中“Bike can save on gas, oil changes, brake repairs, car washes, parking fees (自行车可以节省汽油、换机油、刹车维修、洗车、停车费)”可推知,购买汽车需要支付汽油费、刹车维修费和停车费等。故选D。
10.细节理解题。根据根据第二段中“Bike can save on gas, oil changes, brake repairs, car washes, parking fees (自行车可以节省汽油、换机油、刹车维修、洗车、停车费)”和最后一段中“One of the attractive reasons is the amount of savings on transportation. (其中一个吸引人的原因是可以节省交通费。)”可知,骑自行车可以省很多钱。故选A。
题型一 单项选择题
解|题|技|巧
1. 记固定结构:如“get sb. to do”“a way to do”“It’s+adj+for sb+to do”,直接匹配选项。
2. 辨动词用法:try后接to do表“努力”,doing表“尝试”,依语境选。
3. 判状语功能:表目的用不定式to do,放句首。
易|错|点|拨
1. 混淆使役动词:get后接to do,注意与let/make后接动词原形区分。
2. 误填way的定语:way后用to do或of doing,不用do/doing直接修饰。
3. 忽视目的状语:表“为了”用to do,勿错用doing/过去分词。
【典例1】
(25-26高三·黑龙江·职教高考)I’ll get her ________ harder. You wait and see.
A.study B.to study C.studied D.studies
【答案】B
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:我会让她更努力学习,你等着瞧。使役动词get常用“get sb. to do sth.”结构,意为“让某人做某事”,不定式to do作宾语补足语,符合句意。故选B。
【变式】My mom always gets me ________ my room every morning.
A.clean B.to clean C.cleaned D.cleans
【答案】B
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:我妈妈每天早上都让我打扫房间。“get sb. to do sth.”是固定结构,意为“让某人做某事”,不定式to do作宾语补足语,其他选项不符合该结构。故选B。
【典例2】
(25-26高三·黑龙江·职教高考)Can you think of a way ________ it?
A.doing B.do C.to do D.of do
【答案】C
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:你能想到一个做这件事的方法吗?“a way to do sth.”是固定搭配,不定式to do作后置定语,修饰名词way,表“做某事的方法”,其他选项不符合该搭配。故选C。
【变式】He found a good way ________ English words quickly.
A.remember B.remembering C.to remember D.of remember
【答案】C
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:他找到了一个快速记英语单词的好方法。“a way to do sth.”为固定搭配,不定式to do作后置定语修饰way,表“做某事的方法”,其他选项形式错误。故选C。
【典例3】
(26-27高二上·安徽·单元测试)It is important for us ________ respect for the elderly in our daily life.
A.showing B.show C.to show D.showed
【答案】C
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:在日常生活中对老年人表示尊重对我们来说很重要。“It is+形容词+for sb.+to do sth.”是固定句型,it为形式主语,真正主语是后面的不定式短语to do sth.,符合句型要求。故选C。
【变式】It is necessary for students ________ on time for class.
A.be B.to be C.being D.been
【答案】B
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:学生们按时上课是有必要的。“It is+形容词+for sb.+to do sth.”为固定句型,it是形式主语,真正主语是不定式短语to do sth.,此处用to be构成不定式,符合句型结构。故选B。
【典例4】
(26-27高二上·全国·课后作业)Tom tries ________ his time well because he has both study and part-time work.
A.to manage B.managing C.manage D.manages
【答案】A
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:汤姆努力合理安排时间,因为他既要学习又要做兼职工作。try to do sth.意为“努力做某事”,强调付出努力;try doing sth.意为“尝试做某事”,强调尝试方式。结合语境,此处是“努力安排时间”,用try to do sth.结构。故选A。
【变式】I’ll try ________ more exercise to keep healthy.
A.do B.doing C.to do D.does
【答案】C
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:我会努力多锻炼来保持健康。try to do sth.表示“努力做某事”,try doing sth.表示“尝试做某事”。此处是“努力锻炼”,应用try to do sth.结构,不定式to do作宾语。故选C。
【典例5】
(25-26高三·黑龙江·职教高考)________ her daughter better, the woman looked for the teacher several times.
A.To understand B.Understanding C.Understood D.Understand
【答案】A
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:为了更好地了解她的女儿,这位女士好几次去找老师。不定式to do可作目的状语,表“为了做某事”,此处“找老师”的目的是“了解女儿”,用To understand符合语境。故选A。
【变式】________ good grades, he studies very hard every day.
A.Get B.To get C.Getting D.Got
【答案】B
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:为了取得好成绩,他每天都很努力学习。不定式to do可作目的状语,表“为了做某事”,此处“努力学习”的目的是“取得好成绩”,用To get符合语境。故选B。
题型二 完形填空题
解|题|技|巧
1. 先读导语定主旨(共享单车对城市的好处),把握褒义语境基调。
2. 抓前后文线索:如第三段“love”对应第3题,“90后、00后”对应第6题“young”。
3. 记固定搭配:“the top of”(首位)、“go up”(上升)等,直接匹配选项。
易|错|点|拨
1. 区分近义名词:“report”(报告)表“发现结果”,“suggestion”(建议)无“发现”含义,依“found”选前者。
2. 动词短语看语境:“go up”表数量“上升”,避免与“come over”(过来)等功能混淆。
3. 名词选依据:第10题“space”(空间),由后文“save an area”(节省面积)推导,非“air”“money”。
【典例1】(23-24高三·江苏·模拟预测)Bike-sharing is a new choice for short journeys in cities. It is good for the 1 development of the big cities.
A 2 by a company found that shared bikes started the nation’s 3 for bikes again. Now more and more Chinese people are 4 bikes instead of cars to make short journeys in cities.
An engineer of that company says that since the 5 of shared bikes, people have made fewer trips by car. The love for shared bikes is not only among 6 people, who were born in the 1990s and 2000s, but also among people over sixty.
At weekends, the number of the riders in Shenzhen reaches the 7 of all cities. On weekends, the number of who use shared bikes to travel to work is 8 in Shanghai.
It is said that bike-sharing will help 9 the cities’ environment. It can help solve the traffic problems. It will also help to make more use of 10 in cities. Take Beijing as an example, if more people choose shared bikes, they will save an area of five Bird’s Nest stadiums.
1.A.slow B.healthy C.bad D.sudden
2.A.chance B.plan C.report D.suggestion
3.A.search B.worry C.talk D.love
4.A.choosing B.visiting C.making D.giving
5.A.end B.start C.tour D.fall
6.A.strong B.weak C.old D.young
7.A.top B.side C.corner D.line
8.A.coming over B.putting off C.going up D.giving away
9.A.discover B.invent C.experience D.improve
10.A.air B.time C.space D.money
【答案】
1.B 2.C 3.D 4.A 5.B 6.D 7.A 8.C 9.D 10.C
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了共享单车在城市里的流行,这对城市的健康发展很有好处,并通过一项报告告诉我们共享单车开始了我们国家人们重新对单车的喜爱。
1.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:这有利于大城市的健康发展。A. slow慢慢的;B. healthy健康的;C. bad差的;D. sudden突然的。根据最后一段中“It is said that bike-sharing will help ... the cities’ environment. It can help solve the traffic problems. It will also help to make more use of ... in cities.”可知,此处表示共享单车对城市的发展是有好处的,应使用褒义词。故选B。
2.考查名词词义辨析。句意:一家公司的一份报告发现,共享单车重新点燃了国人对自行车的热爱。A. chance机会;B. plan计划;C. report报告;D. suggestion建议。根据“A ... by a company found that”可知,此处说明的是发现的结构,因此应是一份报告发现了共享单车重新点燃了国人对自行车的热爱。故选C。
3.考查名词词义辨析。句意:一家公司的一份报告发现,共享单车重新点燃了国人对自行车的热爱。A. search探索;B. worry忧虑;C. talk谈话;D. love喜爱。根据第三段中“The love for shared bikes”可知,此处表示对单车的喜爱。故选D。
4.考查动词词义辨析。句意:现在越来越多的中国人选择自行车而不是汽车来进行城市短途旅行。A. choosing选择;B. visiting参观;C. making制作;D. giving给。根据“instead of cars”可知,此处表示越来越多的中国人选择自行车而不是汽车来进行城市短途旅行。故选A。
5.考查名词词义辨析。句意:该公司的一名工程师表示,自从共享单车出现以来,人们开车出行的次数减少了。A. end结束;B. start开始;C. tour旅行;D. fall下降。根据后文“people have made fewer trips by car”可知,此处表示自从共享单车开始以来,人们开车出行的次数减少了。故选B。
6.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:对共享单车的喜爱不仅存在于90后和00后的年轻人中,也存在于60岁以上的人群中。A. strong强壮的;B. weak虚弱的;C. old年长的;D. young年轻的。根据后文“who were born in the 1990s and 2000s, but also among people over sixty”可知,此处表示两种并列的情况,一种是90后和00后的年轻人,一种是60岁以上的人。故选D。
7.考查名词词义辨析。句意:在周末,深圳的骑行人数达到了所有城市的首位。A. top顶部;B. side一旁;C. corner角落;D. line线。根据后文“the number of the riders in Shenzhen reaches the ... of all cities”可知,此处表示深圳的骑行人数达到了所有城市的首位,固定搭配“the top of”意为“……的顶端,……的首位”。故选A。
8.考查动词短语辨析。句意:在周末,上海使用共享单车上班的人数在上升。A. coming over过来;B. putting off推迟;C. going up上升;D. giving away暴露。根据“On weekends, the number of who use shared bikes to travel to work is ... in Shanghai.”可知,共享单车是非常受欢迎的,因此,使用的人数应该是上涨的。故选C。
9.考查动词词义辨析。句意:据说,共享单车将有助于改善城市环境。A. discover发现;B. invent发明;C. experience经历;D. improve改善。根据后文“It can help solve the traffic problems. It will also help to make more use of ... in cities.”可知,共享单车对城市环境有好的影响,也就是有助于改善城市环境。故选D。
10.考查名词词义辨析。句意:这也将有助于更多地利用城市的空间。A. air空气;B. time时间;C. space空间;D. money钱。根据后文“Take Beijing as an example, if more people choose shared bikes, they will save an area of five Bird’s Nest stadiums.”可知,共享单车可以帮助节省空间,那么人们能够利用的空间就会增加。故选C。
题型三 阅读理解题
解|题|技|巧
1. 先看题干关键词(如“Children under age five”“farecard machines”),定位原文对应段落。
2. 细节题答案直接找原文原句或同义表达,如第4题“Tuesday”对应“Mon. — Fri. 5 a.m.”。
3. 计算题抓关键信息,如第5题“残疾乘客”“SmarTrip®卡”“半价”,结合原票价算结果。
易|错|点|拨
1. 区分“free ride”条件:是“与付费乘客一起”,非“有车票”“有一日票”,避免误解原文。
2. 注意“One Day Pass”使用时间:工作日限9:30后,周末全天,勿混淆时间限制。
3. 算票价看清“单价”与“人数”:第5题先找单人半价,再算两人总费用,避免漏看人数。
【典例1】(25-26高二上·江苏泰州·阶段练习)Metro Pocket Guide
Metrorail (地铁)
Each passenger needs a farecard to enter and go out. Up to two children under age five may travel free with a paying customer.
Farecard machines are in every station. Bring small bills because there are no change machines in the stations and farecard machines only provide up to $5 in change.
Get one day of unlimited Metrorail rides with a One Day Pass. Buy it from a farecard machine in Metro stations. Use it after 9:30 a.m. until closing on weekdays, and all day on weekends and holidays.
Hours of Service
Open: 5 a. m Mon. — Fri. 7 a.m. Sat. — Sun.
Close: midnight Sun. — Thur. 3 a.m. Fri. — Sat. nights
Last train times vary. To avoid missing the last train, please check the last train times posted in stations.
Metrobus
When paying with exact change, the fare is $1.35. When paying with a SmarTrip® card, the fare is $1.25.
Fares for senior/disabled customers
Senior citizens 65 and older and disabled customers may ride for half the regular fare. On Metrorail and Metrobus, use a senior/disabled farecard or SmarTrip® card.For more information about buying senior/disabled farecard SmarTrip® cards and passes, please visit MetroOpensDoors.com or call 202-637-7000 and 202-637-8000.
Senior citizens and disabled customers can get free guide on how to use proper Metrobus and Metrorail services by calling 202-962-1100.
Travel tips
Avoid riding during weekday rush periods — before 9:30 a.m. and between 4 and 6 p.m.
If you lose something on a bus or train or in a station, please call Lost & Found at 202-962-1195.
1.Children under age five can have free Metrorail rides ________.
A.with a farecard B.with a One Day Pass
C.with someone who has paid for the ride D.with one of customers
2.What do you know about farecard machines?
A.They start selling tickets at 9:30 a.m.
B.They are connected to change machines.
C.They offer special service to the elderly.
D.They make change for no more than $5.
3.If you have a One Day Pass, you may use it ________.
A.at any time B.after 3:30 a.m.
C.before 5 a.m. from Mon. to Fri. D.all day on the weekend
4.At what time does Metrorail open service on Tuesday?
A.At 5 a.m. B.At 7 a.m. C.At midnight. D.At 6 p.m.
5.How much will two disabled customers with SmarTrip® cards pay for Metrobus rides?
A.$2.5. B.$2.7. C.$1.35. D.$1.25.
【答案】1.C 2.D 3.D 4.A 5.D
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了地铁乘车指南,包括地铁票务、运营时间、公交票价等信息。
1.细节理解题。根据第一段“Each passenger needs a farecard to enter and go out. Up to two children under age five may travel free with a paying customer. (每位乘客进出都需要一张车票。一名付费乘客最多可携带两名五岁以下的儿童免费乘车。)”可知,五岁以下儿童可与付费乘客一起免费乘坐地铁。故选C。
2.细节理解题。根据第二段中“farecard machines only provide up to $5 in change. (计票机最多只能提供5美元的零钱。)”可知,售票机只提供最多5美元的零钱。故选D。
3.细节理解题。根据第三段中“Use it after 9:30 a.m. until closing on weekdays, and all day on weekends and holidays. (平日上午9:30以后使用,直到打烊,周末和节假日全天使用。)”可知,一日票可在周末和节假日全天使用。故选D。
4.细节理解题。根据第四段中“Open: 5 a. m Mon. — Fri. (开放时间:周一至周五上午5点)”可知,地铁周一至周五的开放时间为早上5点。故选A。
5.细节理解题。根据第五段“Senior citizens 65 and older and disabled customers may ride for half the regular fare. When paying with a SmarTrip® card, the fare is $1.25. (65岁以上的老人和残疾乘客可以享受普通票价的一半。使用SmarTrip®卡支付时,票价为1.25美元。)”可知,残疾乘客使用SmarTrip®卡乘车时,票价为1.25美元,两人共需支付2.5美元。故选D。
题型四 补充对话题
解|题|技|巧
1. 通读对话定主题(讨论家乡及旅行方式),把握对话逻辑流向。
2. 看答语定问句:答语是地点(Wuhan)选问地点的句;答语是Yes选一般疑问句;答语是交通方式选问“喜欢的旅行方式”的句。
3. 补全原因:用“also”衔接前文原因(看风景),补充另一理由(省钱)。
易|错|点|拨
1. 区分“问旅行方式”的选项:E问“最喜欢的方式”,F问“最便宜的方式”,依答语“By ship”和后文“看风景”选E。
2. 一般疑问句与特殊疑问句区分:答语是Yes/No,对应选项B这类一般疑问句,避免误选特殊疑问选项。
3. 衔接词用对:“also”表补充原因,使逻辑更顺,勿用无关衔接词。
【典例1】(2024高三·专题练习)根据对话内容,从选项选出能填入空白处的最佳选项,其中有两项为多余项。
A: Hello, Zhang Wei. 1
B: Wuhan, a beautiful city.
A: What’s the best way to go back there?
B: By plane.
A: 2
B: Yes, I think so.
A: Is it a good choice to go by train?
B: 3
A: I’d like to travel to Wuhan one day.
B: 4
A: By ship.
B: Why?
A: Because I can see the scenery along the way. 5
A.Where is your hometown?
B.Is it the most comfortable way for you to go by plane?
C.You have four ways to travel.
D.It can also help me save some money.
E.What is your favorite way to travel?
F.What is the cheapest way to get there?
G.It’s hard to say. I think traveling by plane is more comfortable than by train.
【答案】1.A 2.B 3.G 4.E 5.D
【导语】本文是二人关于旅行方式的对话。
1.根据“Wuhan, a beautiful city.”可知,此处介绍一个城市,选项A“你的家乡在哪里?”符合语境,故选A。
2.根据“By plane.”和“Yes, I think so.”可知,此处是一个一般疑问句,与坐飞机相关,选项B“坐飞机对你来说是最舒服的方式吗?”符合语境,故选B。
3.根据“Is it a good choice to go by train?”可知,此处应是对坐火车的评价,选项G“这很难说。我认为乘飞机旅行比乘火车更舒适。”符合语境,故选G。
4.根据“By ship.”可知,此处介绍自己喜欢的旅行方式,选项E“你最喜欢的旅行方式是什么?”符合语境,故选E。
5.根据“Why?”和“Because I can see the scenery along the way.”可知,此处介绍原因,选项D“它也可以帮我节省一些钱。”符合语境,故选D。
题型五 汉译英题
解|题|技|巧
1. 记固定结构:“the best way to do”“try one’s best to do”“think it + adj + to do”,直接套用。
2. 判不定式功能:作定语(修饰way/time)、表语、目的状语或宾语,依句子成分定。
3. 定时态:根据“昨天”等标志词,确定谓语动词时态(如promised用过去时)。
易|错|点|拨
1. 勿漏不定式to:“promise”“try one’s best”后必须接to do,不能直接接动词原形。
2. 区分形式宾语it:“think it + adj + to do”中it不可省,勿写成“I think remember words important”。
3. 定语位置:修饰time/way时,不定式放名词后(enough time to sleep),不前置。
【典例1】(26-27高二上·安徽·单元测试)学英语最好的方法是尽可能地多说。(句子汉译英)
【答案】The best way to learn English is to speak as much as possible.
【详解】考查陈述句和非谓语动词。根据“。”可知,这是一个陈述句。学英语最好的方法:The best way to learn English,作主语,其中“to learn English”是动词不定式短语作后置定语;是:is,为系动词;尽可能地多说:to speak as much as possible,动词不定式作表语,“as much as possible”作状语,修饰动词“speak”。故本句译为:The best way to learn English is to speak as much as possible.
【典例2】(26-27高二上·安徽·单元测试)我们将尽力为您制订更好的解决方案。(句子汉译英)
【答案】We will try our best to work out a better solution for you .
【详解】考查陈述句,一般将来时和不定式短语作目的状语。根据“。”可知,这是一个陈述句。我们:We,人称代词作主语;将尽力:will try our best,作复合谓语,一般将来时;制订更好的解决方案:to work out a better solution,不定式短语作目的状语;为您:for you,作状语。故本句译为:We will try our best to work out a better solution for you.
【典例3】(26-27高一上·安徽·单元测试)学校必须确保学生有足够的睡眠时间。(句子汉译英)
【答案】Schools must make sure that the students have enough time to sleep.
【详解】考查宾语从句和非谓语动词。根据句意和“。”可知,这是一个含有宾语从句的复合句。学校:Schools,作主语;必须确保:must make sure,由“情态动词+动词原形”构成复合谓语,后面接that引导的宾语从句;学生:the students,作从句主语;有:have,作从句谓语;足够的睡眠时间:enough time to sleep,作宾语,其中,to sleeep作后置定语。故本句译为:Schools must make sure that the students have enough time to sleep.
【典例4】(26-27高一上·安徽·单元测试)他昨天答应要帮助我。(句子汉译英)
【答案】He promised to help me yesterday.
【详解】考查陈述句和非谓语。根据“昨天”和“。”可知,这是一个一般过去时的陈述句。他:He,作主语;答应:promised,作谓语;要帮助我:to help me,动词不定式短语,作及物动词“promised”的宾语;昨天:yesterday,作时间状语。故本句译为:He promised to help me yesterday.
【典例5】(25-26高一上·河南焦作·期中)我认为记住英语单词很重要。(句子汉译英)
【答案】I think it important to remember English words.
【详解】考查it作形式宾语。根据句意和“。”可知,这是一个陈述句,而且含有“think it +形容词+不定式”结构,其中it作形式宾语。我:I,作主语;认为:think,作谓语;很重要的:important,作宾语补足语;记住英语单词:to remember English words,动词不定式短语,作真正的宾语。故本句译为:I think it important to remember English words.
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