精品解析：北京市海淀区北京大学附属中学2025-2026学年高二上学期期中英语试题

北大附中2025-2026学年第一学期期中考试 高二英语 2025.11 Class ______ Name______ Score ______ 注意事项 1.考试时间：90分钟。满分：100分。 2.所有试题答案必须写在答题纸的规定位置，超出范围无效。 3.使用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔答题，不得使用铅笔答题。不能使用涂改液、胶带纸、修正带修改。 4.考试结束后，只提交答题纸，试卷自己留存。 第一部分：知识运用(共两节，30分) 第一节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分) 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。 Carl Allamby had a problem. It was his auto-repair business. He’d started it at the tender age of 19. Over the years, it had grown into two shops with 11 employees, but Allamby had become upset, ____1____ for something more. So, at the age of 34, he decided to go for his bachelor’s degree in business management. However, there was a ____2____ he had to take biology to get his degree. Turns out, it was the best thing to have happened. Biology class ____3____ a childhood dream that he had tucked away somewhere deep within himself. “After the first day, I remembered this feeling of wanting to be a ____4____ back when I was younger.” Allamby says. Growing up in a poor African American neighborhood, he faced ____5____ expectations and numerous barriers to pursuing his dream. But a(n) ____6____ Carl Allamby walked into that biology class at age 35. With the support of his wife and family, he soon decided to ____7____ business school in favor of the science classes he’d need for a second career as a health-care worker. In 2019, at the age of 43, Carl Allamby became Carl Allamby, MD. He took a job in emergency medicine at Cleveland Clinic Akron General. “How many people can do something so brand-new and have so much ____8____ and responsibility at such a late stage in their life?” he says. “My kids ____9____ to me. I ____10____ so many stereotypes that say you shouldn’t be a doctor. Whether it’s because of my age, my upbringing, my past career — these are all good reasons why I shouldn’t be here. And yet, here I am.” 1. A. applying B. longing C. caring D. charging 2. A. requirement B. suggestion C. privilege D. belief 3. A. broke B. interpreted C. produced D. reawakened 4. A. doctor B. teacher C. chemist D. biologist 5. A. optimistic B. puzzling C. low D. high 6. A. happy B. different C. grateful D. unusual 7. A. enjoy B. attend C. skip D. finish 8. A. imagination B. experience C. wisdom D. motivation 9. A. look up B. look forward C. pay attention D. hold on 10. A. research B. fit C. change D. read 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分) A 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题纸指定区域作答。 Rowan Atkinson grew up with three older brothers on a farm. He worked really hard in school, ____11____ earned him a master’s degree in electrical engineering. A key turning point in his life ____12____ (occur) when he pulled faces in front of a mirror in 1976, leading him to discover his talent for acting. His early experience of having a stutter also contributed to the unique way of speaking in some of his ____13____ (character). A BBC producer who worked with Rowan believed he had the potential to become more famous than Charlie Chaplin. B 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题纸指定区域作答。 The Northern Essex Community College (NECC) students spent part of their spring break in New York City helping local citizens repair an area ____14____ (destroy) by the hurricane. The group headed into Brooklyn’s Red Hook district, which was hit hard by the hurricane. There, they witnessed the horrible impact the hurricane had ____15____ local people. Together, NECC students worked ____16____ (clear) rubbish out of a three-story building. C 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题纸指定区域作答。 As an important part of the ancient Silk Road, Northwest China’s Gansu province ____17____ (see) commercial and cultural exchanges between the East and West for thousands of years. The Mogao Grottoes is one of its numerous tourist destinations. According to what has been ____18____ (historical) recorded, the carving of the caves started in 366 AD and continued for about 1,000 years. The carvings demonstrate painting styles of different times in layout, figure design, delineation and coloring, as well as the ____19____ (integrate) of Chinese and Western arts. We can say that Dunhuang is ____20____ diverse traditions coexist harmoniously. 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，38分) 第一节(共14小题;每小题2分，共28分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。 A International Sustainable Design Awards 2025 Call for Entries About The Hong Kong Arts and Sustainable Design Association (HKASD) is pleased to announce the International Sustainable Design Awards 2025 (ISDA 2025). This year, the programme, started on 30 May 2025, 11:59 PM (GMT= Greenwich Mean Time), will unite over a thousand designers from different countries and regions and be supported by 50+ international organisations and partners, including design institutions and sustainability advocates. The awards will host a ceremony and global winners’ showcase, celebrating elite designers of diverse nationalities, genders and ages, while highlighting their role in contributing to a more sustainable future. A Tour of Award-winning Works Exhibition is planned to be released on 31 July in some Asian countries. By fostering fairness, inclusivity and innovation, ISDA 2025 aims to encourage responsible and future-focused designs that shape a sustainable planet and thriving communities. Qualification ISDA 2025 welcomes submissions from individuals, teams, and organisations with no restriction on the number of entries across four key areas: Architectural & Interior Design, Brand Design, Digital Design, and Visual Communication Design. Submissions may include completed works (or works in progress for Conceptual Design only) that have been created within the last ten years up to the official call for entries deadline. Deadline All submissions must be completed on or before 30 June 2025 by 11:59 PM (HKT, GMT+8). Late submissions will NOT be considered. Important Guidelines ·All entries must be submitted online through the official ISDA 2025 submission platform (https://www.judgify.me/ISDA2025). Entrants must complete all required fields in the submission form and provide accurate information. Incomplete submissions will NOT be considered. ·Entrants must ensure that all files comply with the platform’s specified file formats (PDF, JPEG, or other formats indicated on the submission platform), size limitations and technical requirements. ·All entry materials must be submitted in English. ·Submissions must NOT display any entrant’s name, logo, or identifying information. 21. What is the final deadline for submitting entries to ISDA 2025? A. 30 May 2025, 11:59 PM (GMT). B. 30 June 2025, 11:59 PM (HKT). C. 31 July 2025, 11:59 PM (HKT). D. 31 August 2025, 11:59 PM (GMT). 22. Which of the following submissions is qualified for the ISDA 2025? A. Reusable food packaging with the company’s logo. B. A sustainable building completed by an architect in 2010. C. An unfinished conceptual design project from a student team. D. A new recyclable clothing collection from a fashion designer. 23. What is the main purpose of the ISDA 2025? A. To promote forward-thinking sustainable designs. B To showcase works from designers around the world. C. To support young designers with international funding. D. To bring together designers from different countries and regions. B Live with roommates? Have friends and family around you? Chances are that if you’re looking to live a more sustainable lifestyle not everyone around you will be ready to jump on that bandwagon. I experienced this when I started switching to a zero waste lifestyle five years ago, as I was living with my parents, and I continue to experience this with my husband, as he is not completely zero waste like me. I’ve learned a few things along the way though, which I hope you’ll find encouraging if you’re doing your best to figure out how you can make the change in a not-always-supportive household. Zero waste was a radical lifestyle movement a few years back. I remember showing my parents a video of Bea Johnson sharing how cool I thought it would be to buy groceries with jars, and have so little trash. A few days later, I came back with my first jars of zero waste groceries, and my dad commented on how silly it was for me to carry jars everywhere. It came off as a bit discouraging. Yet as the months of reducing waste continued, I did what I could that was within my own reach. I had my own bedroom, so I worked on removing things I didn’t need. Since I had my own toiletries (洗漱用品), I was able to start personalising my routine to be more sustainable. I also offered to cook every so often, so I portioned out a bit of the cupboard for my own zero waste groceries. Perhaps your household won’t entirely make the switch, but you may have some control over your own personal spaces to make the changes you desire. As you make your lifestyle changes, you may find yourself wanting to speak up for yourself if others comment on what you’re doing, which can turn itself into a whole household debate. If you have individuals who are not on board, your words probably won’t do much and can often leave you feeling more discouraged. So here is my advice: Lead by action. 24. What do the underlined words “jump on that bandwagon” mean in the first paragraph? A. Share an apartment with you. B. Join you in what you’re doing. C. Transform your way of living. D. Help you to make the decision. 25. What can we learn about the author’s early zero-waste experience? A. It’s vital to communicate in time to clear misunderstandings. B. It’s worthwhile to encourage everyone to start with small things. C. It’s possible to encounter criticism when changing one’s lifestyle. D. It’s necessary to use reusable containers for environmental protection. 26. To practice a zero-waste lifestyle, the author ________. A. debated with her family when questioned B. managed the waste for the entire household C. embraced simple living to foster sustainability D. encouraged her family to use eco-friendly products 27. Which of the following best describes the author? A. Determined and strategic. B. Persistent and cooperative. C. Kind-hearted and enthusiastic. D. Empathetic and innovative. C Years ago, I spoke with a 16-year-old girl who was considering the idea of having a computer companion in the future, and she described the upside to me. It’s not that the robot she had imagined was so inspiring. It’s that she had already found people to be so disappointing. And now, for the first time, she explained to me, people have options. Back then I thought her comments seemed prescient (预见未来的). Now I find them timely. This girl had grown up in a time when conversational machines were presented as empathy devices that could understand her. And so it seemed natural to her that other machines would expand the range of conversation. But there is something she may have been too young to understand or like a lot of us, tend to forget when we talk to machines. These robots can perform empathy in a conversation about your friend, your mother, or your child, but they have no experience of any of these relationships. Their conversations about life occupy the realm of the as-if. In our manufacturing and marketing of these machines, we encourage children to develop an emotional tie that is sure to lead to an empathetic dead end. On top of this, it has become fashionable for psychologists to criticize empathy, a unique form of human connection, just at a time when we are starting relationships with objects with none to give. The coincidence is too convenient. Children will lose the ability to have empathy if they relate too consistently with objects that cannot form empathetic ties. Technology challenges us to look at our human values. We can try to use technology to cure Parkinson’s or Alzheimer’s, which would be a blessing, but that blessing is not a reason to move from artificial brain enhancement to artificial intimacy (亲密). And yet that is the kind of talk that one hears these days. The narrative begins with the idea that compassionate robots would be “better than nothing”, better because there aren’t enough people to teach, love, and tend to people. But that idea quickly shifts into another: robots would be better than almost anything. Unlike people, they would not abandon you or get sick and die. They might not be capable of love, but they won’t break your heart. From better than nothing to better than anything. These are stations on our voyage to forgetting what it means to be human. But the forgetting begins long before we have a robot companion in place; it begins when we even think of putting one in place. To build the robots, we must first rebuild ourselves as people ready to be their companions. Being human today is about the struggle to remain genuinely empathetic. Ourselves — to remember why it matters, to remember what we cherish. These days, to be human is to keep one’s mind on the glory that one is. 28. What can be inferred from Paragraph 3? A. The criticism of empathy is scientifically justified. B. Technology unexpectedly advances empathy studies. C. Psychologists accidentally ignore children’s emotional needs. D. The tech industries may benefit from the psychological trend. 29. Which of the following statements might the author agree with? A. Technological progress clarifies human values through challenges. B. Artificial intimacy reflects technological progress yet threatens empathy. C. Future technologies like AI companions require stricter moral regulations. D. Technology’s medical benefits justify its application in emotional domains. 30. Which would be the best title for the passage? A. Empathy at Risk: Psychology’s New Frontier B. Faking Intimacy: When Machines Decrease Our Humanity C. Why Humans prefer Robots: An Analysis of Social Failure D. The Rise of Robot Companions: A Technological Revolution D Who doesn’t stand in awe of the advances that science and its STEM siblings (technology, engineering, and math) have created to better our world? But since the time of Aristotle, it has also been recognized that the hard sciences and the humanities must walk side by side in determining human action. The ancient Greek philosopher praised “practical wisdom” as the “middle ground” between scientific knowledge and what he referred to as the “cunning (狡诈的) intelligence of politicians, military generals and business leaders”. In his Nicomachean Ethics, he rejected the idea that scientific knowledge alone could determine the affairs of the complex human social world. Likewise, he saw that cunning was insufficient to shape society. Aristotle insisted that practical wisdom was required for the advancement of the human race as it would take into account what he called “the common good,” doing what is right for the majority of people living together in society. Aristotle’s philosophy is still sound today. But to the extent that we side with him, we must challenge our modern era’s overwhelming emphasis on the STEM disciplines as the key to progress. Yes, we will continue to welcome advances in computerization, robotics, medicine and more. But to ensure these innovations are in service of the good life, we must also advance our thinking in the humanities: philosophy, social affairs and the arts. Instead of just STEM, we should perhaps be promoting STEMMA. In that case, we will be able to raise a new generation that has greater capacities for managing collective human efforts and appreciating the arts. Management education — the new “M” — has not always been integrated into humanistic thinking, but it must become more so. Our goal must be to develop the thoughtful leaders of the future. Regarding the “A,” how could it be beneficial to the future without emphasizing the arts, which inform our knowledge of beauty and meaning in human affairs? All the brilliant discoveries of STEM will not solve the grand challenges of today’s world — ignorance, poverty, intolerance and political conflict— without the practical wisdom of humanities-trained leaders. We can’t march boldly into the future without the capabilities necessary for preserving our human dignity in a world of artificial superintelligence (ASI). Humans are not robots and neurons are not digital switches. It is only through the humanities that we will be able to appreciate the answers that superintelligent computers give us when we ask them questions. It is only through the humanities that we will increasingly recognize and build on what we humans uniquely are. 31. What is the limitation of relying only on STEM disciplines? A. They lack the precision needed for modern innovations. B. They prevent the development of artificial superintelligence. C. They cannot meet the severe challenges of human society alone. D. They are too focused on theoretical rather than practical knowledge. 32. The term “practical wisdom” as used by Aristotle emphasizes ________. A. the need for military strategies in societal development B. the importance of thoughtful business leaders of the future C. the advantage of political philosophy over scientific knowledge D. the value of balancing scientific knowledge and cunning intelligence 33 What can we infer about “STEMMA”? A. It directs STEM towards human-centered goals. B. It empowers humans to manage the global economy. C. It represents an educational model designed to replace STEM. D. It suggests art appreciation is the ultimate solution to global challenges. 34. How does the author view the relationship between humans and ASI? A. The development of ASI comes at the expense of human dignity. B. Human uniqueness is defined by contrasting it with ASI’s capabilities. C. ASI’s outputs are beyond humans’ comprehension without the humanities. D. ASI’s analytical power can make up for the shortcomings in the humanities. 第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Bad News for the Highly Intelligent There are advantages to being smart. People who do well on IQ tests tend to be more successful in the classroom and the workplace. They also tend to live longer, healthier lives, and are less likely to experience negative life events. ____35____ In a study, Ruth Karpinski and her colleagues carried out a study on the members of Mensa, a high IQ society. The study covered mood disorders and anxiety disorders. Respondents were asked to report whether they had ever suffered from each disorder. The researchers compared the percentage of those who reported disorder to the national average and found that Mensa’s highly intelligent members were more likely to suffer from a range of serious disorders. To explain their findings, Karpinski and his team bring up the hyper brain and hyper body theory. This theory holds that, for all of its advantages, being highly intelligent is associated with psychological and physiological “overexcitabilities”, or OE. ___36___This can include anything from an astonishing sound to conflict with another person. According to the theory, OEs are more common in highly intelligent people. A highly intelligent person may overanalyze a disapproving comment made by a boss, imagining negative outcomes that simply wouldn’t occur to someone less intelligent. ___37___ The results of this study must be interpreted (诠释) cautiously. Showing that a disorder is more common in a sample of people with high IQs than in the general population doesn’t prove that high intelligence is the cause of the disorder. ___38___All the same, the findings set the stage for research that promises to cast new light on the link between intelligence and health. One possibility is that associations between intelligence and health outcomes reflect pleiotropy (基因多效性), which occurs when a gene influences seemingly unrelated characteristics. ___39___ In a 2015 study, Rosalind Arden and her colleagues concluded that the association between IQ and living longer is mostly explained by genetic factors. From a practical standpoint, this research may lead to insights about how to improve people’s psychological and physical well-being. A. Now there’s some bad news for those smart people. B. There is already some evidence to suggest that this is the case. C. It is an unusually strong reaction to an environmental threat or abuse. D. Scientists did many researches to understand the reasons behind the advantages. E. That may cause the body’s stress response, which may make the person even more anxious. F. It’s also possible that people who join Mensa differ from other people in ways other than just IQ. G They found that the differences between the respondents were seen for mood and anxiety disorders. 第三部分：书面表达(共两节，32分) 第一节(共4小题;第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分) 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 Do you feel constantly tired? Do you have difficulty concentrating on the task at hand? Do you often struggle to fall asleep at night and frequently wake up? For many of us, feeling mentally drained can be an all too familiar experience. Mental drain, also known as mental exhaustion or burnout, is a state of extreme tiredness that affects our cognitive and emotional well-being. It’s like running on empty, with our mental energy reserves tapped out. Mentally draining activities can leave us feeling fatigued, unfocused, and unable to perform at our best. In today’s fast-paced world, where people put more stresses on productivity, mental drain has become increasingly common. Mental drain occurs due to long periods of stress, heavy workload, or even too much information. Take the overwhelming workload for example. It is one of the primary causes behind mental drain. Balancing multiple responsibilities, deadlines, and demands can leave us feeling stretched thin and mentally exhausted. Another contributor is information overload. The constant flow of information from sources like social media and news apps puts additional strain on our brains. The effects of mental exhaustion can show in various ways. We may find ourselves easily distracted or forgetful, struggling to concentrate on tasks that would normally be easy for us. Our decision-making abilities may also suffer as a result. Additionally, mental drain can impact our emotional well-being, leaving us increasingly annoyed and moody. Recognizing the signs of being mentally drained is crucial in order to take appropriate steps toward refilling our mental energy and finding balance once again. Feeling mentally drained can be a common experience in our fast-paced and demanding lives, but there are many practical approaches that can help. 40. What is mental drain? ________________________________________________________________________________ 41. Why do we suffer from mental drain? ________________________________________________________________________________ 42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. By improving our decision-making abilities, we are likely to take proper action to regain mental energy and restore balance. ________________________________________________________________________________ 43. In what way(s) can you deal with mental drain effectively? ________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节(20分) 44. 假设你是北大附中高二学生李华，你的英国笔友Jim近来正在为一场关于“小组合作是否是课堂教学的必要部分”的辩论赛作准备，他来信询问你对于这一辩题的立场，请用英文给他回信，内容包括： 1.陈述你的立场； 2.说明理由。 注意： 1.词数100左右； 2.开头结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Jim, ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 北大附中2025-2026学年第一学期期中考试 高二英语 2025.11 Class ______ Name______ Score ______ 注意事项 1.考试时间：90分钟。满分：100分。 2.所有试题答案必须写在答题纸的规定位置，超出范围无效。 3.使用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔答题，不得使用铅笔答题。不能使用涂改液、胶带纸、修正带修改。 4.考试结束后，只提交答题纸，试卷自己留存。 第一部分：知识运用(共两节，30分) 第一节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分) 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。 Carl Allamby had a problem. It was his auto-repair business. He’d started it at the tender age of 19. Over the years, it had grown into two shops with 11 employees, but Allamby had become upset, ____1____ for something more. So, at the age of 34, he decided to go for his bachelor’s degree in business management. However, there was a ____2____ he had to take biology to get his degree. Turns out, it was the best thing to have happened. Biology class ____3____ a childhood dream that he had tucked away somewhere deep within himself. “After the first day, I remembered this feeling of wanting to be a ____4____ back when I was younger.” Allamby says. Growing up in a poor African American neighborhood, he faced ____5____ expectations and numerous barriers to pursuing his dream. But a(n) ____6____ Carl Allamby walked into that biology class at age 35. With the support of his wife and family, he soon decided to ____7____ business school in favor of the science classes he’d need for a second career as a health-care worker. In 2019, at the age of 43, Carl Allamby became Carl Allamby, MD. He took a job in emergency medicine at Cleveland Clinic Akron General. “How many people can do something so brand-new and have so much ____8____ and responsibility at such a late stage in their life?” he says. “My kids ____9____ to me. I ____10____ so many stereotypes that say you shouldn’t be a doctor. Whether it’s because of my age, my upbringing, my past career — these are all good reasons why I shouldn’t be here. And yet, here I am.” 1. A. applying B. longing C. caring D. charging 2. A. requirement B. suggestion C. privilege D. belief 3. A. broke B. interpreted C. produced D. reawakened 4. A. doctor B. teacher C. chemist D. biologist 5. A. optimistic B. puzzling C. low D. high 6. A. happy B. different C. grateful D. unusual 7. A. enjoy B. attend C. skip D. finish 8. A. imagination B. experience C. wisdom D. motivation 9. A. look up B. look forward C. pay attention D. hold on 10. A. research B. fit C. change D. read 【答案】1. B 2. A 3. D 4. A 5. C 6. B 7. C 8. B 9. A 10. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了汽车修理店主卡尔·阿拉姆比在事业有成后重新进入大学深造，却因一门必修的生物课而唤醒了童年成为医生的梦想，最终克服年龄和背景障碍，转行成为克利夫兰诊所的一名急诊医生的励志故事。 【1题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：多年下来，它已经发展成两家店，拥有11名员工，但阿拉姆比变得沮丧，渴望得到更多。A. applying申请；B. longing渴望；C. caring关心；D. charging充电。根据前文“but Allamby had become upset”及后文“for something more”可推知，阿拉姆比事业有成却感到沮丧，应是内心“渴望”更多的东西。故选B项。 【2题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，获得学位有一个要求，他必须修读生物学。A. requirement要求；B. suggestion建议；C. privilege特权；D. belief信念。根据后文“he had to take biology to get his degree”可知，修生物学是获得学位的必要条件，即一个“要求”。故选A项。 【3题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：生物学课重新唤醒了他深藏内心的童年梦想。A. broke打破；B. interpreted解释；C. produced产生；D. reawakened重新唤醒。根据后文“After the first day, I remembered this feeling of wanting to be a ____ back when I was younger.”可知，生物课让他想起了童年的梦想，因此是“重新唤醒”了梦想。故选D项。 【4题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：阿拉姆比说：“第一天之后，我想起了小时候想成为一名医生的这种感觉。” A. doctor医生；B. teacher教师；C. chemist药剂师；D. biologist生物学家。根据后文“a second career as a health-care worker”和“In 2019, at the age of 43, Carl Allamby became Carl Allamby, MD. He took a job in emergency medicine at Cleveland Clinic Akron General.”可知，他最终成为医生，所以他小时候的梦想是当一名“医生”。故选A项。 【5题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在一个贫穷的非裔美国人社区长大，他面临着较低的期望和追求梦想的众多障碍。A. optimistic乐观的；B. puzzling令人困惑的；C. low低的；D. high高的。根据前文“Growing up in a poor African American neighborhood”和后文“numerous barriers”可推知，他所处的环境可能对他抱有“较低的”期望，让他难以追求梦想。故选C项。 【6题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是一个不同的卡尔·阿拉姆比在35岁时走进了那间生物课教室。A. happy高兴的；B. different不同的；C. grateful感激的；D. unusual不寻常的。根据前文“Over the years, it had grown into two shops with 11 employees”和“Growing up in a poor African American neighborhood, he faced ____ expectations and numerous barriers to pursuing his dream.”可知，现在35岁的阿拉姆比与童年时期相比，已经今非昔比，是另一个“不同的”卡尔·阿拉姆比。故选B项。 【7题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在妻子和家人的支持下，他很快决定跳过商学院，转而选择他作为医疗工作者第二职业所需要的科学课程。A. enjoy享受；B. attend参加；C. skip跳过；D. finish完成。根据后文“in favor of the science classes he’d need for a second career as a health-care worker.”可知，为了学习成为医疗工作者的必须科学课程，他放弃了原计划，选择“跳过”了商学院。故选C项。 【8题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他说：“有多少人能在人生的如此晚期，做一些如此全新的事情，并承担如此多的责任和拥有如此多的经验？” A. imagination想象力；B. experience经验；C. wisdom智慧；D. motivation动机。根据句意，他在此年龄从事全新职业，前面提到他已有丰富的商业经验，句中“and”连接“responsibility”并列，也应是与个人能力相关的积极名词，“经验(experience)”符合语境。故选B项。 【9题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我的孩子们钦佩我。A. look up (to)尊敬，钦佩；B. look forward (to)期待；C. pay attention (to)注意；D. hold on (to)坚持。根据语境，他成功转行成为医生，克服了种种成见，对于孩子们来说，这很了不起，他们会“钦佩”他。故选A项。 【10题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我符合很多认为你不应该成为医生的刻板印象。A. research研究；B. fit符合；C. change改变；D. read阅读。根据后文“that say you shouldn’t be a doctor. Whether it’s because of my age, my upbringing, my past career — these are all good reasons why I shouldn’t be here.”可知，他的年龄、成长背景、过去职业都“符合”那些认为他不可能成为医生的成见。故选B项。 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分) A 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题纸指定区域作答。 Rowan Atkinson grew up with three older brothers on a farm. He worked really hard in school, ____11____ earned him a master’s degree in electrical engineering. A key turning point in his life ____12____ (occur) when he pulled faces in front of a mirror in 1976, leading him to discover his talent for acting. His early experience of having a stutter also contributed to the unique way of speaking in some of his ____13____ (character). A BBC producer who worked with Rowan believed he had the potential to become more famous than Charlie Chaplin. 【答案】11. which 12. occurred 13. characters 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。罗温·阿特金森出身农场，学业刻苦获电气工程硕士学位，1976年的偶然发现让他发掘表演天赋，口吃经历也促成其角色独特的说话风格。 【11题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：他在学校里学习非常刻苦，最终获得了电气工程硕士学位。引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面整句话“He worked really hard in school”，关系词在从句中作主语，指代前文这件事，故用which。故填which。 【12题详解】 考查时态。句意：在他的人生中，一个重要的转折点出现在1976年，当时他对着镜子做各种表情，这使他发现了自己在表演方面的天赋。时间状语是“in 1976”，为过去的时间点，谓语动词需用一般过去时，故填occurred。 【13题详解】 考查名词的数。句意：他早期的口吃经历也影响了他笔下某些人物独特的说话方式。空格前的限定词是“some of his”，应用复数形式。故填characters。 B 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题纸指定区域作答。 The Northern Essex Community College (NECC) students spent part of their spring break in New York City helping local citizens repair an area ____14____ (destroy) by the hurricane. The group headed into Brooklyn’s Red Hook district, which was hit hard by the hurricane. There, they witnessed the horrible impact the hurricane had ____15____ local people. Together, NECC students worked ____16____ (clear) rubbish out of a three-story building. 【答案】14. destroyed 15. on 16. to clear 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了北埃塞克斯社区学院（NECC）的学生们利用春假的部分时间前往纽约市，协助当地居民修复一处被飓风摧毁的区域。目睹了当地严重的破坏程度，学生们共同努力帮助清理垃圾。 【14题详解】 考查过去分词作后置定语。句意：北埃塞克斯社区学院（NECC）的学生们在春假期间的一部分时间里前往纽约市，帮助当地居民修复被飓风破坏的区域。分析可知，“____1____ (destroy) by the hurricane”为之前“an area”的后置定语，所填动词与其之间为被动关系，用过去分词形式。故填destroyed。 【15题详解】 考查介词和固定短语。句意：在那里，他们目睹了飓风对当地居民造成的可怕影响。分析可知，“the hurricane had ____2____ local people”为之前“the horrible impact”的定语从句，完整从句应是“the hurricane had the horrible impact _____local people”，因此这里是固定短语“have an impact on sb.”，意为“对……有影响”。故填on。 【16题详解】 考查动词不定式作目的状语。句意：NECC 的学生们一起努力去清理三层楼建筑内的垃圾。分析可知，“____3____ (clear) rubbish out of”为目的状语，用动词不定式表达。故填to clear。 C 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题纸指定区域作答。 As an important part of the ancient Silk Road, Northwest China’s Gansu province ____17____ (see) commercial and cultural exchanges between the East and West for thousands of years. The Mogao Grottoes is one of its numerous tourist destinations. According to what has been ____18____ (historical) recorded, the carving of the caves started in 366 AD and continued for about 1,000 years. The carvings demonstrate painting styles of different times in layout, figure design, delineation and coloring, as well as the ____19____ (integrate) of Chinese and Western arts. We can say that Dunhuang is ____20____ diverse traditions coexist harmoniously. 【答案】17. has seen 18. historically 19. integration 20 where 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国甘肃省的历史文化价值：作为古丝绸之路的重要组成部分，甘肃数千年来见证了东西方的商贸与文化交流；而莫高窟是其代表性旅游景点，其历史价值和艺术价值则体现了敦煌是多元文化和谐共存之地。 【17题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：甘肃省作为丝绸之路重要部分，见证了东西方数千年的商贸文化交流。分析可知，所填动词作句子的谓语动词。结合时间状语“for thousands of years”可知，句子应是用现在完成时；主语“Gansu province”为单数，助动词用has done。故填has seen。 【18题详解】 考查副词。句意：据历史记载，这些石窟的开凿始于公元366年，持续了约1000年。所填应是副词，修饰动词“recorded”，作状语。“historical”，形容词，意为“（书籍、电影或图片）描述历史的，基于史实的”，其副词形式为“historically(历史上地)”。故填historically。 【19题详解】 考查名词。句意：这些雕刻作品在布局、人物设计、描绘和着色等方面展现了不同时期的绘画风格，同时也体现了中西方艺术的相互融合。空前有定冠词“the”，空后的介词短语“of Chinese and Western arts”作后置定语，修饰名词，因此所填应是名词。“integrate”为动词，意为“（使）合并，成为一体”，其名词形式为“integration(融合)”。故填integration。 【20题详解】 考查表语从句引导词。句意：我们可以说，敦煌是多种文化传统和谐共存之地。分析可知，“____4____ diverse traditions coexist harmoniously”为表语从句，从句主语“diverse traditions”，谓语动词“coexist”，状语“harmoniously”，结合前文“Dunhuang(敦煌)”为地点名词，由此推知，从句中缺少地点状语，用where引导从句。故填where。 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，38分) 第一节(共14小题;每小题2分，共28分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。 A International Sustainable Design Awards 2025 Call for Entries About The Hong Kong Arts and Sustainable Design Association (HKASD) is pleased to announce the International Sustainable Design Awards 2025 (ISDA 2025). This year, the programme, started on 30 May 2025, 11:59 PM (GMT= Greenwich Mean Time), will unite over a thousand designers from different countries and regions and be supported by 50+ international organisations and partners, including design institutions and sustainability advocates. The awards will host a ceremony and global winners’ showcase, celebrating elite designers of diverse nationalities, genders and ages, while highlighting their role in contributing to a more sustainable future. A Tour of Award-winning Works Exhibition is planned to be released on 31 July in some Asian countries. By fostering fairness, inclusivity and innovation, ISDA 2025 aims to encourage responsible and future-focused designs that shape a sustainable planet and thriving communities. Qualification ISDA 2025 welcomes submissions from individuals teams, and organisations with no restriction on the number of entries across four key areas: Architectural & Interior Design, Brand Design, Digital Design, and Visual Communication Design. Submissions may include completed works (or works in progress for Conceptual Design only) that have been created within the last ten years up to the official call for entries deadline. Deadline All submissions must be completed on or before 30 June 2025 by 11:59 PM (HKT, GMT+8). Late submissions will NOT be considered. Important Guidelines ·All entries must be submitted online through the official ISDA 2025 submission platform (https://www.judgify.me/ISDA2025). Entrants must complete all required fields in the submission form and provide accurate information. Incomplete submissions will NOT be considered. ·Entrants must ensure that all files comply with the platform’s specified file formats (PDF, JPEG, or other formats indicated on the submission platform), size limitations and technical requirements. ·All entry materials must be submitted in English. ·Submissions must NOT display any entrant’s name, logo, or identifying information. 21. What is the final deadline for submitting entries to ISDA 2025? A. 30 May 2025 11:59 PM (GMT). B. 30 June 2025, 11:59 PM (HKT). C. 31 July 2025, 11:59 PM (HKT). D. 31 August 2025, 11:59 PM (GMT). 22. Which of the following submissions is qualified for the ISDA 2025? A. Reusable food packaging with the company’s logo. B. A sustainable building completed by an architect in 2010. C. An unfinished conceptual design project from a student team. D. A new recyclable clothing collection from a fashion designer. 23. What is the main purpose of the ISDA 2025? A. To promote forward-thinking sustainable designs. B. To showcase works from designers around the world. C. To support young designers with international funding. D. To bring together designers from different countries and regions. 【答案】21. B 22. C 23. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。2025国际可持续设计奖由香港艺术与可持续设计协会主办，5月30日启动，6月30日截止提交，涵盖四大设计领域，旨在鼓励前瞻性可持续设计，将举办颁奖礼与巡展。 【21题详解】 细节理解题。根据Deadline部分“All submissions must be completed on or before 30 June 2025 by 11:59 PM (HKT, GMT+8). (所有提交材料必须在2025年6月30日11：59PM（香港时间，即格林尼治标准时间+8）之前完成提交。)”可知，参加2025年ISDA大会的参赛作品提交的最后期限2025年6月30日23:59（香港时间）。故选B。 【22题详解】 细节理解题。根据Qualification部分“ISDA 2025 welcomes submissions from individuals, teams, and organisations with no restriction on the number of entries across four key areas: Architectural & Interior Design, Brand Design, Digital Design, and Visual Communication Design. Submissions may include completed works (or works in progress for Conceptual Design only) that have been created within the last ten years up to the official call for entries deadline. (ISDA 2025 邀请个人、团队和组织提交作品，对提交数量不设限制，涵盖四个关键领域：建筑与室内设计、品牌设计、数字设计和视觉传达设计。提交的作品可以包括已完成的作品（或者仅限概念设计的正在进行中的作品），这些作品必须是在官方征集截止日期之前的最近十年内创作完成。)”可知，一个由学生团队完成但尚未完成的初步设计方案符合2025年ISDA的参赛资格。故选C。 【23题详解】 细节理解题。根据About部分“The awards will host a ceremony and global winners’ showcase, celebrating elite designers of diverse nationalities, genders and ages, while highlighting their role in contributing to a more sustainable future. A Tour of Award-winning Works Exhibition is planned to be released on 31 July in some Asian countries. By fostering fairness, inclusivity and innovation, ISDA 2025 aims to encourage responsible and future-focused designs that shape a sustainable planet and thriving communities. (该奖项将举办一场典礼和全球获奖者展示活动，以表彰来自不同国家、性别和年龄的杰出设计师，同时强调他们对构建更可持续未来所做出的贡献。一项“获奖作品巡回展览”计划于7月31日在一些亚洲国家推出。通过促进公平、包容和创新，2025年国际设计大奖旨在鼓励具有责任感和着眼于未来的设计，以塑造一个可持续的星球和繁荣的社区。)”可知，“ISDA 2025”的主要目的是促进具有前瞻性的可持续设计。故选A。 B Live with roommates? Have friends and family around you? Chances are that if you’re looking to live a more sustainable lifestyle, not everyone around you will be ready to jump on that bandwagon. I experienced this when I started switching to a zero waste lifestyle five years ago, as I was living with my parents, and I continue to experience this with my husband, as he is not completely zero waste like me. I’ve learned a few things along the way though, which I hope you’ll find encouraging if you’re doing your best to figure out how you can make the change in a not-always-supportive household. Zero waste was a radical lifestyle movement a few years back. I remember showing my parents a video of Bea Johnson, sharing how cool I thought it would be to buy groceries with jars, and have so little trash. A few days later, I came back with my first jars of zero waste groceries, and my dad commented on how silly it was for me to carry jars everywhere. It came off as a bit discouraging. Yet as the months of reducing waste continued, I did what I could that was within my own reach. I had my own bedroom, so I worked on removing things I didn’t need. Since I had my own toiletries (洗漱用品), I was able to start personalising my routine to be more sustainable. I also offered to cook every so often, so I portioned out a bit of the cupboard for my own zero waste groceries. Perhaps your household won’t entirely make the switch, but you may have some control over your own personal spaces to make the changes you desire. As you make your lifestyle changes, you may find yourself wanting to speak up for yourself if others comment on what you’re doing, which can turn itself into a whole household debate. If you have individuals who are not on board, your words probably won’t do much and can often leave you feeling more discouraged. So here is my advice: Lead by action. 24. What do the underlined words “jump on that bandwagon” mean in the first paragraph? A. Share an apartment with you. B. Join you in what you’re doing. C. Transform your way of living. D. Help you to make the decision. 25. What can we learn about the author’s early zero-waste experience? A. It’s vital to communicate in time to clear misunderstandings. B. It’s worthwhile to encourage everyone to start with small things. C. It’s possible to encounter criticism when changing one’s lifestyle. D. It’s necessary to use reusable containers for environmental protection. 26. To practice a zero-waste lifestyle, the author ________. A. debated with her family when questioned B. managed the waste for the entire household C. embraced simple living to foster sustainability D. encouraged her family to use eco-friendly products 27. Which of the following best describes the author? A. Determined and strategic. B. Persistent and cooperative. C. Kind-hearted and enthusiastic. D. Empathetic and innovative. 【答案】24. B 25. C 26. C 27. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者分享了自己践行零浪费生活时，因家人不支持而经历的困惑与挑战。她通过在个人空间实践、以行动影响他人等方式应对，并建议受外界质疑时重在行动而非争论，鼓励读者在家庭不支持的情况下仍坚持自己的环保理念。 【24题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线部分前文“Chances are that if you’re looking to live a more sustainable lifestyle, not everyone around you will be ready to (如果你想过一种更可持续的生活方式，可能不是你周围的每个人都准备好)”及第二段中的“I’ve learned a few things along the way though, which I hope you’ll find encouraging if you’re doing your best to figure out how you can make the change in a not-always-supportive household. (在这个过程中，我学到了一些东西，我希望如果你在一个不总是支持你的家庭中尽最大努力去弄清楚如何做出改变，你会感到鼓舞。)”可知，如果你想过一种更可持续的生活方式，可能不是你周围的每个人都准备好加入这一运动。由此推知，划线词组与B选项“Join you in what you’re doing .(加入你正在做的事情。)”符合题意。故选B。 【25题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“I remember showing my parents a video of Bea Johnson, sharing how cool I thought it would be to buy groceries with jars, and have so little trash A few days later, I came back with my first jars of zero waste groceries, and my dad commented on how silly it was for me to carry jars everywhere. It came off as a bit discouraging. (我记得我给父母看了一段Bea Johnson的视频，分享了我认为用罐子买杂货、垃圾这么少有多酷。几天后，我带着我的第一批零浪费杂货罐子回来了，我爸爸评论说，我到处带着罐子是多么愚蠢。这有点令人沮丧。)”可知，作者在改变生活方式时，遭到了父亲的批评，由此可推测出，在改变生活方式时，可能会遇到批评。故选C项。 【26题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“Yet as the months of reducing waste continued, I did what I could that was within my own reach. I had my own bedroom, so I worked on removing things I didn’t need. Since I had my own toiletries (洗漱用品), I was able to start personalising my routine to be more sustainable. I also offered to cook every so often, so I portioned out a bit of the cupboard for my own zero waste groceries. (然而，随着几个月的减少浪费，我尽我所能做到自己力所能及的事情。我有自己的卧室，所以我开始清理我不需要的东西。因为我有自己的洗漱用品，所以我能够开始个性化我的日常习惯，使其更可持续。我还偶尔主动做饭，所以我在橱柜里留出一部分放我自己的零浪费杂货。)”可知，为了践行零浪费的生活方式，作者接受了简单的生活，以促进可持续性。故选C项。 【27题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“I’ve learned a few things along the way though, which I hope you’ll find encouraging if you’re doing your best to figure out how you can make the change in a not-always-supportive household. (不过，在这一过程中我学到了一些东西，我希望如果你在努力想办法在一个并不总是支持你的家庭中做出改变，你会从中受到鼓舞。)”以及最后一段“So here is my advice: Lead by action. (所以我的建议是：以身作则。)”可知，作者在面对家人不支持自己过零浪费生活方式时，没有放弃，而是继续坚持，并且给出了自己的建议，由此可推测出作者是坚定的且有策略的。A选项“Determined and strategic. (坚定且有策略的。)”符合题意。故选A项。 C Years ago, I spoke with a 16-year-old girl who was considering the idea of having a computer companion in the future, and she described the upside to me. It’s not that the robot she had imagined was so inspiring. It’s that she had already found people to be so disappointing. And now, for the first time, she explained to me, people have options. Back then I thought her comments seemed prescient (预见未来的). Now I find them timely. This girl had grown up in a time when conversational machines were presented as empathy devices that could understand her. And so it seemed natural to her that other machines would expand the range of conversation. But there is something she may have been too young to understand or like a lot of us, tend to forget when we talk to machines. These robots can perform empathy in a conversation about your friend, your mother, or your child, but they have no experience of any of these relationships. Their conversations about life occupy the realm of the as-if. In our manufacturing and marketing of these machines, we encourage children to develop an emotional tie that is sure to lead to an empathetic dead end. On top of this, it has become fashionable for psychologists to criticize empathy, a unique form of human connection, just at a time when we are starting relationships with objects with none to give. The coincidence is too convenient. Children will lose the ability to have empathy if they relate too consistently with objects that cannot form empathetic ties. Technology challenges us to look at our human values. We can try to use technology to cure Parkinson’s or Alzheimer’s, which would be a blessing, but that blessing is not a reason to move from artificial brain enhancement to artificial intimacy (亲密). And yet that is the kind of talk that one hears these days. The narrative begins with the idea that compassionate robots would be “better than nothing”, better because there aren’t enough people to teach, love, and tend to people. But that idea quickly shifts into another: robots would be better than almost anything. Unlike people, they would not abandon you or get sick and die. They might not be capable of love, but they won’t break your heart. From better than nothing to better than anything. These are stations on our voyage to forgetting what it means to be human. But the forgetting begins long before we have a robot companion in place; it begins when we even think of putting one in place. To build the robots, we must first rebuild ourselves as people ready to be their companions. Being human today is about the struggle to remain genuinely empathetic. Ourselves — to remember why it matters, to remember what we cherish. These days, to be human is to keep one’s mind on the glory that one is. 28. What can be inferred from Paragraph 3? A. The criticism of empathy is scientifically justified. B. Technology unexpectedly advances empathy studies. C. Psychologists accidentally ignore children’s emotional needs. D. The tech industries may benefit from the psychological trend. 29. Which of the following statements might the author agree with? A. Technological progress clarifies human values through challenges. B. Artificial intimacy reflects technological progress yet threatens empathy. C. Future technologies like AI companions require stricter moral regulations. D. Technology’s medical benefits justify its application in emotional domains. 30. Which would be the best title for the passage? A. Empathy at Risk: Psychology’s New Frontier B. Faking Intimacy: When Machines Decrease Our Humanity C. Why Humans prefer Robots: An Analysis of Social Failure D. The Rise of Robot Companions: A Technological Revolution 【答案】28. D 29. B 30. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了人们与机器人建立关系时，机器人表现出的看似亲密但实际是虚假的共情，这种虚假的亲密关系会让人们逐渐忘记作为人类的意义，减少人性。 【28题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“In our manufacturing and marketing of these machines, we encourage children to develop an emotional tie that is sure to lead to an empathetic dead end. On top of this, it has become fashionable for psychologists to criticize empathy, a unique form of human connection, just at a time when we are starting relationships with objects with none to give. The coincidence is too convenient. Children will lose the ability to have empathy if they relate too consistently with objects that cannot form empathetic ties. (在这些机器的制造和营销过程中，我们鼓励孩子们建立一种情感联系，这种联系肯定会导致一种缺乏共情的僵化状态。最重要的是，心理学家们也开始批评共情这种独特的人类连接方式，而恰恰在这个时候，我们却开始与那些无法形成共情关系的物体建立联系。这种巧合实在是太巧了。如果孩子们总是与那些无法建立共情关系的物体保持紧密联系，他们就会丧失与他人共情的能力。)”可知，第三段指出，在人们开始与无共情能力的机器建立关系时，心理学家恰好开始批评人类独特的共情能力。这种“巧合”使得人们更容易接受机器，间接利于科技行业推广相关产品，因此“科技行业可能从心理周期的时机中获益”。故选D项。 【29题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“Technology challenges us to look at our human values. We can try to use technology to cure Parkinson’s or Alzheimer’s, which would be a blessing, but that blessing is not a reason to move from artificial brain enhancement to artificial intimacy (亲密). (科技促使我们审视人类的价值。我们可以尝试用技术来治疗帕金森氏症或阿尔茨海默氏症，这将是一种祝福，但这种祝福并不是从人工增强大脑转向人工亲密的理由。)”以及第六段中“From better than nothing to better than anything. These are stations on our voyage to forgetting what it means to be human. But the forgetting begins long before we have a robot companion in place; it begins when we even think of putting one in place. To build the robots, we must first rebuild ourselves as people ready to be their companions. (从聊胜于无到无与伦比。这些都是我们在逐渐遗忘“人之为人的意义”这趟旅程中的站点。但这种遗忘早在我们拥有机器人伴侣之前就已开始；它始于我们甚至萌生“要拥有一个机器人伴侣”这个念头的那一刻。)”可知，文章提到我们可以利用技术治疗帕金森或老年痴呆症，这是好事；但会让人们逐渐忘记共情，因此人工亲密感反映了技术进步但威胁到了共情。故选B项。 【30题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文特别是最后一段“Being human today is about the struggle to remain genuinely empathetic. Ourselves — to remember why it matters, to remember what we cherish. These days, to be human is to keep one’s mind on the glory that one is. (如今作为人类，就是要努力保持真正的同理心。要铭记其重要性，铭记我们所珍视的东西。如今，作为人类，就是要时刻铭记自己所拥有的美好。)”可知，文章主要讨论了人们与机器人建立关系时，机器人表现出的看似亲密但实际是虚假的共情，这种虚假的亲密关系会让人们逐渐忘记作为人类的意义，减少人性。所以B选项“假装亲密：当机器减少我们的人性时”是最佳标题。故选B项。 D Who doesn’t stand in awe of the advances that science and its STEM siblings (technology, engineering, and math) have created to better our world? But since the time of Aristotle, it has also been recognized that the hard sciences and the humanities must walk side by side in determining human action. The ancient Greek philosopher praised “practical wisdom” as the “middle ground” between scientific knowledge and what he referred to as the “cunning (狡诈的) intelligence of politicians, military generals and business leaders”. In his Nicomachean Ethics, he rejected the idea that scientific knowledge alone could determine the affairs of the complex human social world. Likewise, he saw that cunning was insufficient to shape society. Aristotle insisted that practical wisdom was required for the advancement of the human race as it would take into account what he called “the common good,” doing what is right for the majority of people living together in society. Aristotle’s philosophy is still sound today. But to the extent that we side with him, we must challenge our modern era’s overwhelming emphasis on the STEM disciplines as the key to progress. Yes, we will continue to welcome advances in computerization, robotics, medicine and more. But to ensure these innovations are in service of the good life, we must also advance our thinking in the humanities: philosophy, social affairs and the arts. Instead of just STEM, we should perhaps be promoting STEMMA. In that case, we will be able to raise a new generation that has greater capacities for managing collective human efforts and appreciating the arts. Management education — the new “M” — has not always been integrated into humanistic thinking, but it must become more so. Our goal must be to develop the thoughtful leaders of the future. Regarding the “A,” how could it be beneficial to the future without emphasizing the arts, which inform our knowledge of beauty and meaning in human affairs? All the brilliant discoveries of STEM will not solve the grand challenges of today’s world — ignorance, poverty, intolerance and political conflict— without the practical wisdom of humanities-trained leaders. We can’t march boldly into the future without the capabilities necessary for preserving our human dignity in a world of artificial superintelligence (ASI). Humans are not robots and neurons are not digital switches. It is only through the humanities that we will be able to appreciate the answers that superintelligent computers give us when we ask them questions. It is only through the humanities that we will increasingly recognize and build on what we humans uniquely are. 31. What is the limitation of relying only on STEM disciplines? A. They lack the precision needed for modern innovations. B. They prevent the development of artificial superintelligence. C. They cannot meet the severe challenges of human society alone. D. They are too focused on theoretical rather than practical knowledge. 32. The term “practical wisdom” as used by Aristotle emphasizes ________. A. the need for military strategies in societal development B. the importance of thoughtful business leaders of the future C. the advantage of political philosophy over scientific knowledge D. the value of balancing scientific knowledge and cunning intelligence 33. What can we infer about “STEMMA”? A. It directs STEM towards human-centered goals. B. It empowers humans to manage the global economy. C. It represents an educational model designed to replace STEM. D. It suggests art appreciation is the ultimate solution to global challenges. 34. How does the author view the relationship between humans and ASI? A. The development of ASI comes at the expense of human dignity. B. Human uniqueness is defined by contrasting it with ASI’s capabilities. C. ASI’s outputs are beyond humans’ comprehension without the humanities. D. ASI’s analytical power can make up for the shortcomings in the humanities. 【答案】31. C 32. D 33. A 34. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章讨论了STEM学科（科学、技术、工程和数学）在推动世界进步方面的作用，同时强调了人文学科（哲学、社会事务和艺术）的重要性，并提出了STEMMA的概念，主张在STEM教育中融入管理和艺术。 【31题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“In his Nicomachean Ethics, he rejected the idea that scientific knowledge alone could determine the affairs of the complex human social world. (在他的《尼各马可伦理学》中，他拒绝了科学知识可以单独决定复杂的人类社会事务的观点。)”和第四段中“All the brilliant discoveries of STEM will not solve the grand challenges of today’s world — ignorance, poverty, intolerance and political conflict — without the practical wisdom of humanities-trained leaders. (若缺乏人文教育背景领导者的务实智慧，STEM领域的所有卓越发现都无法解决当今世界的重大挑战——无知、贫困、不容忍与政治冲突。)”可知，仅靠STEM学科无法解决当今世界的重大挑战，必须结合人文学科的实践智慧，故选C。 【32题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“The ancient Greek philosopher praised “practical wisdom” as the “middle ground” between scientific knowledge and what he referred to as the “cunning (狡诈的) intelligence of politicians, military generals and business leaders”. (这位古希腊哲学家称赞“实践智慧”是科学知识和他所说的“政治家、军事将领和商业领袖的狡猾智慧”之间的“中间地带”。)”和“Aristotle insisted that practical wisdom was required for the advancement of the human race as it would take into account what he called “the common good,” doing what is right for the majority of people living together in society. (亚里士多德坚持认为，实践智慧是人类进步所必需的，因为它会考虑到他所谓的“共同利益”，为社会中共同生活的大多数人做正确的事情。)”可知，亚里士多德的“实践智慧”是科学知识与“狡诈的智慧”之间的“中间地带”，并强调它需考虑“共同利益”。选项D “平衡科学知识与狡诈智慧的价值”准确概括了这一定位，故选D。 【33题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段中“Management education — the new “M” — has not always been integrated into humanistic thinking, but it must become more so. Our goal must be to develop the thoughtful leaders of the future. Regarding the “A,” how could it be beneficial to the future without emphasizing the arts, which inform our knowledge of beauty and meaning in human affairs? All the brilliant discoveries of STEM will not solve the grand challenges of today’s world — ignorance, poverty, intolerance and political conflict — without the practical wisdom of humanities-trained leaders. (管理教育——新的“M”——并不总是与人文主义思想相结合，但它必须更加如此。我们的目标必须是培养未来有思想的领导人。关于“A”，如果不强调艺术，它怎么能对未来有益呢？艺术告诉我们人类事物的美和意义。若缺乏人文教育背景领导者的务实智慧，STEM领域的所有卓越发现都无法解决当今世界的重大挑战——无知、贫困、不容忍与政治冲突。)”可知，STEMMA在原文中由STEM扩展而来，新增的M（管理教育）和A（艺术）旨在培养兼顾人类集体协作与艺术鉴赏的领导者，选项A“将STEM导向以人类为中心的目标”符合此意，故选A。 【34题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“It is only through the humanities that we will be able to appreciate the answers that superintelligent computers give us when we ask them questions. It is only through the humanities that we will increasingly recognize and build on what we humans uniquely are. (只有通过人文学科，我们才能欣赏超级智能计算机在我们提问时给出的答案。只有通过人文学科，我们才能越来越多地认识到并建立起我们人类的独特性。)”可知，唯有通过人文学科，人类才能理解超级智能（ASI）的答案，并认识自身独特性，选项C“若无人文学科，人类无法理解ASI的输出”直接对应此观点，故选C。 第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Bad News for the Highly Intelligent There are advantages to being smart. People who do well on IQ tests tend to be more successful in the classroom and the workplace. They also tend to live longer, healthier lives, and are less likely to experience negative life events. ____35____ In a study, Ruth Karpinski and her colleagues carried out a study on the members of Mensa, a high IQ society. The study covered mood disorders and anxiety disorders. Respondents were asked to report whether they had ever suffered from each disorder. The researchers compared the percentage of those who reported disorder to the national average and found that Mensa’s highly intelligent members were more likely to suffer from a range of serious disorders. To explain their findings, Karpinski and his team bring up the hyper brain and hyper body theory. This theory holds that, for all of its advantages, being highly intelligent is associated with psychological and physiological “overexcitabilities”, or OE. ___36___This can include anything from an astonishing sound to conflict with another person. According to the theory, OEs are more common in highly intelligent people. A highly intelligent person may overanalyze a disapproving comment made by a boss, imagining negative outcomes that simply wouldn’t occur to someone less intelligent. ___37___ The results of this study must be interpreted (诠释) cautiously. Showing that a disorder is more common in a sample of people with high IQs than in the general population doesn’t prove that high intelligence is the cause of the disorder. ___38___All the same, the findings set the stage for research that promises to cast new light on the link between intelligence and health. One possibility is that associations between intelligence and health outcomes reflect pleiotropy (基因多效性), which occurs when a gene influences seemingly unrelated characteristics. ___39___ In a 2015 study, Rosalind Arden and her colleagues concluded that the association between IQ and living longer is mostly explained by genetic factors. From a practical standpoint, this research may lead to insights about how to improve people’s psychological and physical well-being. A Now there’s some bad news for those smart people. B. There is already some evidence to suggest that this is the case. C. It is an unusually strong reaction to an environmental threat or abuse. D. Scientists did many researches to understand the reasons behind the advantages. E. That may cause the body’s stress response, which may make the person even more anxious. F. It’s also possible that people who join Mensa differ from other people in ways other than just IQ. G. They found that the differences between the respondents were seen for mood and anxiety disorders. 【答案】35. A 36. C 37. E 38. F 39. B 【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了高智商也会经历负面事件，甚至更容易有精神障碍。 【35题详解】 根据上文“There are advantages to being smart.(聪明是有好处的)”与下文“The researchers compared the percentage of those who reported disorder to the national average and found that Mensa’s highly intelligent members were more likely to suffer from a range of serious disorders.(研究人员对比了那些报告失调的人与全国平均水平的比例，发现门萨的高智商成员更有可能患有一系列严重的失调)”形成正反对比，上文讲述积极意义对高智商者有利，而下文的消极影响对于高智商者则是坏消息。所以A 选项Now there’s some bad news for those smart people.(现在有些坏消息要告诉那些聪明人)符合上下语境。故选A。 【36题详解】 根据下文“This can include anything from an astonishing sound to conflict with another person.(这可能包括任何事情，从惊人的声音到与他人发生冲突)”可知，本句应与an astonishing sound和conflict with another person有关。据此，C选项It is an unusually strong reaction to an environmental threat or abuse.(这是对环境威胁或虐待的异常强烈的反应)分别与an astonishing sound、conflict with another person相一致。故选C。 【37题详解】 根据上文“A highly intelligent person may overanalyze a disapproving comment made by a boss, imagining negative outcomes that simply wouldn’t occur to someone less intelligent.(一个高智商的人可能会过度分析老板不赞成的评论，想象出一些不那么聪明的人不会想到的负面结果)”和“This can include anything from an astonishing sound to conflict with another person.(这可能包括任何事情，从惊人的声音到与他人发生冲突)”可知，太多的负面结果会使人焦虑，且高智商人可能会与老板发生矛盾，因此更容易焦虑。E选项That may cause the body’s stress response, which may make the person even more anxious.(这可能会引起身体的应激反应，从而使人更加焦虑)与文意相符。故选E。 【38题详解】 根据上文“Showing that a disorder is more common in a sample of people with high IQs than in the general population doesn’t prove that high intelligence is the cause of the disorder.(研究表明，智商高的人比普通人更容易患精神障碍，这并不能证明高智商是导致精神障碍的原因)”可知，高智商人更容易患精神障碍的原因可能不是高智商，而是其他原因。F选项It’s also possible that people who join Mensa differ from other people in ways other than just IQ.(也有可能加入门萨的人除了智商之外还有其他不同之处)符合文意。故选F。 39题详解】 根据上文“One possibility is that associations between intelligence and health outcomes reflect pleiotropy , which occurs when a gene influences seemingly unrelated characteristics.(一种可能性是，智力和健康结果之间的关联反映了多效性，当一个基因影响看似不相关的基因时就会发生这种多效性特征)”和下文“In a 2015 study, Rosalind Arden and her colleagues concluded that the association between IQ and living longer is mostly explained by genetic factors.(在罗莎琳德·阿登和她的同事们在2015年的一项研究中得出结论，智商与长寿之间的关联是不确定的主要是遗传因素造成的)”可知，上文讲的是一种结论，而后文则是一项实际研究的结果。B选项There is already some evidence to suggest that this is the case.(已经有一些证据表明这是事实)符合上下语境。故选B。 第三部分：书面表达(共两节，32分) 第一节(共4小题;第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分) 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 Do you feel constantly tired? Do you have difficulty concentrating on the task at hand? Do you often struggle to fall asleep at night and frequently wake up? For many of us, feeling mentally drained can be an all too familiar experience. Mental drain, also known as mental exhaustion or burnout, is a state of extreme tiredness that affects our cognitive and emotional well-being. It’s like running on empty, with our mental energy reserves tapped out. Mentally draining activities can leave us feeling fatigued, unfocused, and unable to perform at our best. In today’s fast-paced world, where people put more stresses on productivity, mental drain has become increasingly common. Mental drain occurs due to long periods of stress, heavy workload, or even too much information. Take the overwhelming workload for example. It is one of the primary causes behind mental drain. Balancing multiple responsibilities, deadlines, and demands can leave us feeling stretched thin and mentally exhausted. Another contributor is information overload. The constant flow of information from sources like social media and news apps puts additional strain on our brains. The effects of mental exhaustion can show in various ways. We may find ourselves easily distracted or forgetful, struggling to concentrate on tasks that would normally be easy for us. Our decision-making abilities may also suffer as a result. Additionally, mental drain can impact our emotional well-being, leaving us increasingly annoyed and moody. Recognizing the signs of being mentally drained is crucial in order to take appropriate steps toward refilling our mental energy and finding balance once again. Feeling mentally drained can be a common experience in our fast-paced and demanding lives, but there are many practical approaches that can help. 40. What is mental drain? ________________________________________________________________________________ 41. Why do we suffer from mental drain? ________________________________________________________________________________ 42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. By improving our decision-making abilities, we are likely to take proper action to regain mental energy and restore balance. ________________________________________________________________________________ 43. In what way(s) can you deal with mental drain effectively? ________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】40. It is a state of extreme tiredness that affects our cognitive and emotional well-being. 41. Due to long periods of stress, heavy workload, or even too much information. 42. By improving our decision-making abilities, we are likely to take proper action to regain mental energy and restore balance. To take proper action to regain mental energy and restore balance, we need to recognize the signs of being mentally drained. 43. We can schedule short, regular breaks throughout our day where we completely disengage from work. These breaks allow our brain to reset and prevent cognitive overload. Activities that combine movement with creativity, like dance, painting, or playing a musical instrument, can be helpful too. 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了精神内耗由压力、工作量和信息过载引发，表现为注意力下降和情绪波动，并强调及早识别对恢复精神健康的重要性。 【40题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Mental drain, also known as mental exhaustion or burnout, is a state of extreme tiredness that affects our cognitive and emotional well-being. (精神内耗，也被称为精神疲惫或倦怠，是一种极度疲劳的状态，会影响我们的认知和情绪健康。)”可知，精神内耗是一种极度疲劳的状态，会影响我们的认知和情绪健康。故答案为：It is a state of extreme tiredness that affects our cognitive and emotional well-being. 【41题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“Mental drain occurs due to long periods of stress, heavy workload, or even too much information. (长时间的压力，繁重的工作，甚至是太多的信息，都会导致精神枯竭。)”可知，我们遭受精神内耗的原因包括长时间的压力，繁重的工作，甚至是太多的信息。故答案为：Due to long periods of stress, heavy workload, or even too much information. 【42题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Recognizing the signs of being mentally drained is crucial in order to take appropriate steps toward refilling our mental energy and finding balance once again. (为了采取适当的步骤来补充我们的精神能量并再次找到平衡，认识到精神枯竭的迹象是至关重要的。)”可知，能让我们采取适当的行动来恢复精神能量并恢复平衡的方法是“认识到精神枯竭的迹象”，而非“提高决策能力”。故答案为：By improving our decision-making abilities, we are likely to take proper action to regain mental energy and restore balance. To take proper action to regain mental energy and restore balance, we need to recognize the signs of being mentally drained. 【43题详解】 开放性试题。本题答案不唯一，结合生活实际，言之有理即可。例如，文中提到“繁重的工作”是精神内耗的诱因之一，因此我们可以在一天中安排短暂的、有规律的休息，完全脱离工作。这些休息可以让我们的大脑重置，防止认知超载。将运动与创造力结合起来的活动，如舞蹈、绘画或演奏乐器，也会有所帮助。故答案可为：We can schedule short, regular breaks throughout our day where we completely disengage from work. These breaks allow our brain to reset and prevent cognitive overload. Activities that combine movement with creativity, like dance, painting, or playing a musical instrument, can be helpful too. 第二节(20分) 44. 假设你是北大附中高二学生李华，你的英国笔友Jim近来正在为一场关于“小组合作是否是课堂教学的必要部分”的辩论赛作准备，他来信询问你对于这一辩题的立场，请用英文给他回信，内容包括： 1.陈述你的立场； 2.说明理由。 注意： 1.词数100左右； 2.开头结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Jim, ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Jim, I’m thrilled to hear that you’re preparing for a debate on whether group work is an essential part of classroom teaching. My stance is firmly in favor of group work, and here are my reasons. Firstly, group work fosters collaboration skills, which are vital in today’s interconnected world. Through working together, students learn to communicate effectively, share ideas, and resolve conflicts. Secondly, it enhances critical thinking and problem-solving abilities. Different perspectives within a group can lead to more creative and comprehensive solutions to problems. Lastly, group work promotes a sense of belonging and reduces anxiety, as students feel supported by their peers. In conclusion, group work is not only beneficial but also necessary for a well-rounded education. I hope my points are helpful to your debate preparation. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给英国笔友Jim写信，针对“小组合作是否是课堂教学的必要部分”这一辩题陈述自己的立场并说明理由。 【详解】1.词汇积累 激动的：thrilled→ exhilarated 增强：enhance → boost 观点：perspective→insight 不可或缺的：essential → indispensable 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Secondly, it enhances critical thinking and problem-solving abilities.  拓展句：Secondly, it enhances critical thinking and problem-solving abilities, which are extremely essential for students.  【点睛】【高分句型1】I’m thrilled to hear that you’re preparing for a debate on whether group work is an essential part of classroom teaching. （运用了that引导宾语从句以及whether引导宾语从句） 【高分句型2】Firstly, group work fosters collaboration skills, which are vital in today’s interconnected world. （运用了which引导非限制性定语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $