第10讲 形容词和副词-【红对勾讲与练·讲义】2026年高考英语大一轮复习全新方案通用版（外研版）

素养提能] I.单句语法填空 1.We always kept bamboo chopsticks along with our knife),forks and spoons,ready for whenever we happened to have Chinese food for dinner. 2.His courage and （persist)with his brilliance and humor inspired people across the world. 3.To better tell the story,Yu Rong drew inspiration from her several visit)to sites of ancient battles and Henan Opera. 4.In 1990,about 750 million people in this country lived in extreme poor);today fewer than 10 million do. 5.People who are far-sighted have difficulty in reading a book unless they hold it at an arm's (distant). (curious)is part of children's nature. They always insist on getting to the bottom of everything. 7.I trust the historian completely.His describe)of these events corresponds to other accounts written at the time. 8.Some restaurants in Guangzhou stimulate (customer)appetite with many different offerings. 9.The team who won the three world championship)would always get this cup. 10.Timmis and his team set out to seek the effects of phone use on passer-by ) 第十讲 形 高考体验 单句语法填空 1.(2024·新课标I卷)The latest engineering techniques are applied to create this protective (function)structure that is also beautiful. 专题二词法篇 Ⅱ.写作迁移（正确运用名词和数词完成句子） 1.（2024·浙江1月卷读后续写)她的肺在燃烧， 她的腿像果冻一样，但一种陌生的成就感使她 的心怦怦直跳。 Her lungs were burning,and her legs felt like jelly,but her heart was soaring with an unfamiliar 2.(2024·全国甲卷书面表达)它不仅提高了我们 的生活水平，也加强了中国的国际地位和影响力。 It has not only but also enhanced China's international status and influence. 3.(2023·浙江1月卷应用文写作)上周末，我参 加了一个由学生会举办的活动，旨在教我们更 多的日常生物知识。 Last weekend,I took part in an event which is aimed at teaching us more about daily biology. 4.(2023·全国甲卷书面表达)给我印象最深的是 他著名的人生哲学：“先天下之忧而忧，后天下 之乐而乐。” 339 What impresses me most is his famous philosophy of life:“Be the troubles across the land,the last to enjoy universal happiness.” 5.(2022·全国乙卷书面表达)如今，随着智能手 机和电脑的日益普及，越来越多的学生在课堂 之外以各种他们喜欢的方式学习英语。 Nowadays,with the growing popularity of smartphones and computers, learn English beyond the classroom that they are fond of. 容词和副词 2.(2024·全国甲卷)Yellowstone was the large)United States national park-2.2 million acres-until Wrangell-Saint Elias in southern Alaska,which became a national monument in 1978,took the honors as a national park in 1980 with 12.3 million acres. 2勾·讲与练·高三英语WY 3.(2023·新课标I卷)Xia0 long ba0(soup dumplings )those amazing constructions of delicate dumpling wrappers encasing hot, (taste)soup and sweet,fresh meat,are far and away my favorite Chinese street food. 4.(2023·新课标I卷)No matter where I buy them,though,one steamer basket is (rare)enough,yet two seems greedy,and so I am always left wanting more next time. 5.(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)Since June2017,right before the arrival of the two new pandas,Meng Meng and Jiao Qing,I have been helping the panda keepers at the zoo to feel more comfortable and (confidence)speaking English. 6.(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)So,what are they learning? (basic),how to describe a panda's life. 7.(2023·全国乙卷)The remark development of this city,which is consciously 340 designed to protect the past while stepping into the modern world,means there is always something new to discover here,and I could be photographing Beijing for the next 50 years. 8.(2023·全国甲卷) (difference)from traditional fables,Carson's story ends with an accusation instead of a moral. 9.(2023·浙江1月卷)The term“hutong”, (original)meaning“water well”in Mongolian,appeared first during the Yuan Dynasty. 10.(2023·浙江1月卷)The hutongs they formed were orderly,lined by space homes and walled gardens. 11.(2023·浙江1月卷)Their siheyuan were far smaller in scale and simple)in design and decoration,and the hutongs were narrower. 12.(2022·全国甲卷)n2016,he reached the top of Kilimanjaro,Africa's high) mountain. 语法精讲 考点一 形容词和副词的用法 形 修饰名词或放在系动词后作表语 可用作定语、表语、补足语、状语等 修饰动词、副词形容词或整个句子 地点副词：there,here,up,dowm, 圖 off等 时间副词：now,then,soon等 常用 程度副词：very,quite,fairly, 作状语 rather等 频率副词：often,always,never, seldom等 方式副词：carefully,bravely, quickly等 The woman managed to escape from the fire with her baby,extremely terrified and exhausted. 这名妇女带着她的孩子逃出了火场，极度惊恐，精 疲力竭。 (2022·新高考I卷读后续写)I firmly believe that you will finish your run if you bravely face this challenge. 我坚信，只要你勇敢地面对这次挑战，你一定能跑 完全程。 (2023·全国甲卷书面表达)Unfortunately,he was arrested and forced to stay there for over ten years. 不幸的是，他被抓获并被迫在那里待了十多年。 考点二形容词和副词的词形转换 (一)形容词的构词规律 类别 例词 rain→rainy,cloud-→cloudy,luck→lucky, 直接加-y health→healthy,sleep→sleepy,wealth →wealthy 双写词尾辅音 sun→sunny,fun→funny 字母，再加-y 去词尾e,再 noise-→noisy,ice→icy,taste→tasty 加-y 续表 类别 例词 learn→learned,gift→gifted,talent→ 词尾加-(e)d talented,advance advanced,excite →excited 去掉词尾e,challenge→challenging,surprise 再加-ing或直surprising,convince-→convincing,frighten 接加-ing →frightening meaning-meaningful/meaningless,care careful/careless,helphelpful/ 词尾加 helpless,harm-harmful/harmless,colour -ful/-less →colourful/colourless,thank→thankful/ thankless,peace→peaceful,use→+useful/ useless,home-homeless accept-→acceptable,comfort-→comfortable 词尾加-able knowledge→knowledgeable,respect→ respectable,reason-reasonable danger→dangerous,courage→courageous, 词尾加-ous humour→numorous 词尾的-ce变 confidence-confident,difference-different 为-t music→musical,person→personal,nation 词尾加-al national,education educational, tradition-traditional friend→friendly,week→weekly,love 词尾加y →lovely 词尾加-en wood→wooden,wool→woolen 词尾加 attract-attractive,talk-talkative,prevent -ive/-ative →preventive,protect-→protective energy-→energetic,.fool→foolish,pleasure 其他常见变化 pleasant/pleased,science-scientific [名师指津] 区分-ed形容词与-ing形容词的具 体方法： ①-ing形容词主要用于修饰物或事，表示事物的 性质特征，常意为“令人…的”。 ②-ed形容词通常用于说明人的感受，常意为“感 到…的”，强调人自身的情感波动；修饰事物时， 则多修饰smile(微笑)，feeling(感觉)， appearance(外貌)，cy(哭)，face(面部表情)， voice(声音)，mood(情绪)，look(表情)等表示 人的情绪状况的名词。 专题二词法篇 (二)副词的构词规律 -real→really 直接加y -helpful→helpfully -busy→busily 形 以“辅音字母+y”结尾， 变y为i,再加y -angry→angrily 词 -easy→easily 以“元音字母+e”结 true→truly 多 尾，先去掉e,后加-ly 词 以le结尾的词，去e加-y一simple→simply 以l结尾的词只加y一full→fuly 以ic结尾的 -automatic-automatically 词加-ally 即学即练①—单句语法填空 1.Henry was away from home for quite a bit and (rare)saw his family. 2.Walking along a trail in the shadowy forest,I saw variety)plants that have started to turn reddish. 3.They are making the space experience access)to ordinary people. 341 4.Today,as urban population explodes globe )cities become more crowded. 考点三形容词和副词的比较等级 形容词和副词比较等级的考查主要体现在两 个方面：一是通过标志词than或表示比较意义的 语境推出用比较级还是最高级：二是考查一些固 定结构中比较级和最高级的用法。 (一)比较级和最高级的构成 1.规则变化 规则 例词 单音节词和部分双音节词fast一→faster-→fastest 一般直接加-er和-est narrow->narrower-narrowest 以-e结尾的单音节词直late一later-→latest 接加-r和-st wide→wider→widest 以一个辅音字母结尾的重hot→hotter-→hottest 读闭音节词，先双写铺音thin一→thinner-一→thinnest 字母，再加-er和-est big→bigger-→biggest 以“辅音字母+-y”结尾的happy-happierhappiest 词，变y为-i,再加-er和-esteasy→easier-→easiest 2勾·讲与练·高三英语WY 续表 规则 例词 careful→more careful→ 其他双音节词和多音节词most careful 在前面加more和most easily→more easily most easily 2.不规则变化 原级 比较级 最高级 good, better best well bad worse worst many, more most much little less least farther(指时间、空间farthest(指时间、空间距 距离) 离) 包 further(指时间、空间furthest(指时间、空间距 342 距离或程度) 离或程度) older(指年龄或新I旧) oldest(指年龄或新i旧) old elder(指年纪较长的) eldest(指年龄最大的) (二)比较等级的基本用法 1.原级 [as+形容词/副词原级+as.… not+as/so+形容词/副词原级+as.(表否定比较) as+形容词原级+as+计量名词（表示“多达…， 高达…”等) as+形容词原级+a(n)+n.+as. as+many+可数名词复数+as.. as+much+不可数名词+as. The river is as deep as 10 meters. 这条河深达10米。 A lion is just as dangerous and fierce an animal as a tiger. 狮子是和老虎一样危险且凶残的动物。 2.比较级 (1)常见的比较级的修饰语有：much,far,a little/a bit,a lot/a great deal,rather,even, stil等。 (2)比较级的常见用法： 常见结构 意义 例句 The book is far more A+be+形容 interesting than the books 词/副词比较A比B… I have ever read. 级+than+B 这本书比我以前读的书 有趣多了。 My problem is less A+be+less+形A不及 difficult than yours. 容词/副词原B…(表示 我的问题没有你的问题 级+than+B 否定比较) 困难。 This novel is no more A+be+no+比A和B interesting than that one. 较级+than+B 样不… 这本书和那本书都很没 意思。 English is not easier for A不及 A+be+not+比 me to learn than Maths B…(表示 较级+than+B 对我来说，英语没有数学 否定比较) 好学。 Our school is cleaner and 比较级+and+ cleaner. 比较级 我们的校园越来越干净。 more and more+ 越来越… Our city becomes more 多音节词/部 and more beautiful. 分双音节词 我们的城市变得越来越 原级 漂亮。 The happier you are,the the+比较级 越… more friends you will (..),the+比 make. 就越… 较级(…) 你越快乐，你将会交越多 的朋友。 Joe is the taller of the the+比较级+两者 中 two boys. of the two+名较…的 乔是这两个男孩中较 词复数 那个 高的。 (3)“not/never/,nothing等否定词+形容词比较 级（+than.…)”表示最高级意义。 I have never read a better book than this. (=This is the best book I have ever read. 我从未读过比这本更好的书。 I can think of nothing better than a nice cold beer on a hot summer afternoon. 在炎热的夏日午后，我想不出比一杯可口的冰 啤更好的东西了。 3.最高级 （1)常见的最高级的修饰语有：位于he之前的 by far,nearly,almost,by no means,really, quite等以及位于he与最高级之间的序数 词等。 I don't think this film is by far the most boring. 我认为这部电影不是最无聊的。 (2)最高级的常见结构： [the+形容词最高级(+名词)+表示范围的短语 one of the+形容词最高级+名词复数 the/one's+序数词+形容词最高级+名词单数 Raymond's parents wanted him to have the best possible education in America. 雷蒙德的父母想让他在美国接受可能的最好的 教育。 It is the third largest country in the world, which has a long history. 它是世界第三大国，有着悠久的历史。 4.倍数表达法 常见的倍数表达主要有： (1)A+be+倍数+比较级+than+B; (2)A+be+倍数+as+原级+as+B; (3)A+be+倍数+the+名词(size,length,height 等)+of+B; (4)The+名词(size,length,height等)+of+A+ be+倍数+hat+of+B; (5)A+be+倍数+what引导的名词性从句。 Smoking is harmful to people's health,killing seven times more people each year than traffic accidents. 吸烟有害健康，每年因抽烟而丧命的人是死于 交通事故的七倍。 This box is three times the size of that one. 这个盒子是那个盒子的三倍大。 The output of this year is three times what it was last year. 今年的产量是去年的三倍。 即学即练②一单句语法填空 1.My mum makes the good)biscuits in the world.so I decided to ask her for help 2.He realized that if he could construct a windmill, his village people could live a far good)life. 专题二词法篇 进 3.After a few months,we all felt that we had been able to build much strong relationships with the family than we had before. 4.My father went to work by car as usual today,but he arrived at the company later usual. 5.The electronic waste stream is increasing three times (fast)than traditional garbage as a whole. 技法图解] 提示词是形容词或副词，根据语境和句意， 若该词词性正确，意思不变，则可能填该词 的比较等级 题目中有much,far,still,even, rather,a little,a bit,a lot,a great 等 deal,than等标志性词汇时用比较级 物 空后有表示范围的标志词in,of, among等时用最高级 志 空前有“one of the'”或“the+序数 词 词”等修饰词时用最高级 “the+比较级.，the+比较级.”表 词 343 示“越…越” “比较级+and+比较级”或“more 固定句 and more/less and less+原级”表示 “越来越…” “否定词+比较级”表示最高级含义 利用隐 句中虽没有than等标志词，但句 含信息 判断 意暗含比较含义，也需要用比较级 素养提能] I.单句语法填空 1.Even today,no matter where Chinese people live or what dialect they speak,they can all still communicate (easy)in writing. 2.Also,coffee drunk on an empty stomach is not recommended because it can be harm) to your body. 3.Therefore,after graduating from university,I decided to achieve something more benefit)that would help the wider community. 4.When the Spanish set out to explore the region, they hoped to find land as value)as what they had found earlier in Mexico. 2的勾·讲与练·高三英语WY 5.On the other hand,plants which have a good adaptation to dry conditions or have the ability to store water in their cells require (frequent)watering. 6.Computers and mobile phones,though indeed making our life easy and more efficient,have reduced the need for face-to-face communication 7.In Chinese cuisine,tomatoes are frequent )used as decorations,adding a refreshing sour-sweet flavor to meaty dishes. 8.They also shared with us many (tradition)stories about Hawaii that were (huge)popular with tourists. 9.It seems a little boring,but (basic)I enjoy the work,which makes a connection between me and the big cats. 10.The Temple of Guan Yu in Haizhou,North China's Shanxi province,is the large )one among countless temples 344 worshipping the general across the country and also a major historical and cultural site protected at the national level. 第十一讲 高考体验 单句语法填空 1.(2024·新课标I卷)..the ancient Silk Road, by which silk as well as many plant species came to Britain for first time. 2.（2024·新课标I卷)The Glasshouse stands a great achievement in contemporary design,to house the plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path... 3.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)I happen to know that Tang's play The Peony Pavilion(《牡丹亭》)is similar in some ways Romeo and Juliet. 4.(2024·全国甲卷)This area,with its unique and breathtaking natural beauty,must be well preserved all people of the nation to enjoy-as a national park. Ⅱ.写作迁移（正确运用形容词和副词完成句子）】 1.(2024·新课标I卷应用文写作)我完成后，我 的美术老师对它评价很高，因为它是真实的。 After I finished it,my art teacher it because it was true to life. 2.（2023·浙江1月卷读后续写)直到她走近的那 一刻，我才看到她锋利的嘴里衔着覆盆子。 It was that I saw the raspberries held in her sharp mouth. 3.(2023·浙江1月卷应用文写作)毫无疑问，通 过这次有意义的活动，我获得了许多关于植物 的知识，并对它们产生了兴趣。 I gained on plants and them through 4.(2022·全国甲卷书面表达)说到海洋，它的污 染变得越来越严重。 When it comes to ocean,its pollution is 5.(2022·全国甲卷书面表达)参与的人越多，海 洋环境就越好。 people are involved, the ocean environment is. 冠词和介词 5.(2023·新课标I卷)The meat should be fresh with touch of sweetness,and the surrounding soup hot,clear and delicious. 6.(2023·新课标I卷)There,you will find them prepared differently-more dumpling and less soup,and the wrappers are pressed hand rather than rolled. 7.(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)And who do they speak English ? 8.(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)Not the pandas,even though language used for the medical training instructions is actually English. 9.(2023·全国乙卷)From Buddhist temples to museums,narrow hutong royal palaces,it is home to more than 3,000 years of glorious history even down to its layout,with the语法精讲 即学即练1 1.are 2.attracted 3.opened 即学即练2 1.is singing an English song in the classroom 2.was watching TV at home 3.will be waiting 即学即练3 1.and you will succeed 2.We shall attend the party unless it rains 3.is to be open to traffic in May 4.I'm going to buy a new coat 5.would come to visit me 即学即练4 1.have relied 2.has proved/has proven 3.has been working hard 4.the tickets had been sold out 即学即练5 1.burns 2.is playing 3.have used 4.rose 即学即练6 1.was listed 2.is forbidden 3.had been played 4.has been practiced 即学即练7 1.are 2.is 3.are 4.was given 5.remains …素养提能 I.单句语法填空 1.wrote reflects 2.has marked 3.dipped 4.were thinking 5.have been taking 6.had learned/had learnt 7.will learn 8.washes 9.will be made 10.is celebrated 11.is being restored 12.had been regarded Ⅱ.写作迁移（正确运用动词的时态和语态完 成句子) 1.I'm writing to share I had in a park last Fri day 2.would pay him 3.have brought great convenience 4.will be arranged 5.called me to his office had taken first place 第七讲谓语动词（二） 情态动词和虚拟语气 … 高考体验 1.be done 2.be offered 3.be employed 4.could 5.can 6.would have had 。。。 语法精讲… 即学即练1 1.shall 2.can 3.may 4.must 5.needn't 6.have arrived 7.have practised 8.have left 即学即练2 1.would have gone 2.had told 3.had completed 4.had explored 5.(should)be formed 6.applied/should apply …素养提能 I.单句语法填空 1.can 2.should 3.(should)be taken 4.would 5.may 6.be shared 7.be made 8.may/might 9.would 10.would not manage Ⅱ.写作迁移（正确运用情态动词和虚拟语气 完成句子) 1.should get 2.Should it be possible/If it should be possible 3.couldn't be better could be grouped we car help each other 4.couldn't help missing 5.I wouldn't have made it 第八讲非谓语动词 高考体验 1.to give 2.to find 3.Recalling 4.to catch 5.borrowing intended 6.built 7.Having visited 8.recording 9.to bite 10.recognized 11.to be lifted 12.wanting 13.visiting 14.held 15.planning 语法精讲 即学即练1 1.meaning 2.to tell 3.Known 4.doing 5.serving 即学即练2 1.collected 2.to deal 3.shaped 4.weighing 5.to conserve 即学即练3 1.mixing 2.to sell 3.thinning 4.finding 5.to give 即学即练4 1.to overcome 2.smoking 3.surrounded 4.settled 5.performing 即学即练5 1.to update 2.to be learned/learnt 3.qualified 4.receiving 5.scheduled 素养提能 I.单句语法填空 1.to sign 2.to produce 3.recognizing 4.visiting 5.Known 6.containing 7.promoting 8.to practice 9.boiled to kill 10.Convinced Ⅱ.写作迁移（正确运用非谓语动词完成句子 1.Inspired by the fantastic scenery to create watercolor painting of the pond 2.telling him to miss 3.learning that we'll be randomly paired to the oral practice to express my different vo hoping that this wouldn't offend you 4.The most difficult task to do 5.to carry out a series of reforms to make country prosperous 第九讲 名词和数词 高考体验 1.engineering 2.favourites 3.richness 4.themes 5.visibility 6.treasures 7.completion 8.criticism 9.arrival 10.interviews 11.wonders 12.sixth 13.events 14.invitation 15.responsibility …语法精讲… 即学即练1 1.delivery 2.safety 3.meaning 4.country's 5.growth 即学即练2 1.second 2.has been polluted 3.fifth 素养提能 I.单句语法填空 1.knives 2.persistence 3.visits 4.poverty 5.distance 6.Curiosity 7.description 8.customers 9.championships 10.passers-by Ⅱ.写作迁移（正确运用名词和数词完成句 1.sense of accomplishment 2.improved our living standard 3.held by the Students'Union 4.the first to worry about 5.an increasing number of students in varic ways -561- 第十讲 形容词和副词 …” 高考体验 1.functional 2.largest 3.tasty 4.rarely 5.confident 6.Basically 7.remarkable 8.Different 9.originally 10.spacious 11.simpler 12.highest …语法精讲… 即学即练1 1.rarely 2.various 3.accessible 4.globally 即学即练2 1.best 2.better 3.stronger 4.than 5.faster 素养提能… 1.单句语法填空 1.easily 2.harmful 3.beneficial 4.valuable 5.less frequent 6.easier 7.frequently 8.traditional hugely 9.basically 10.largest Ⅱ.写作迁移（正确运用形容词和副词完成句 子) 1.thought highly of 2.not until the moment she got closer 3.Undoubtedly numerous knowledge became interested in this meaningful activity 4.becoming more and more serious 5.The more the better 第十一讲冠词和介词 高考体验… 1.the 2.as 3.to 4.for 5.a 6.by 7.to/with 8.the 9.to 10.for 11.as 12.the …语法精讲… 即学即练1 1.an 2.a 3.the 4.the do即学即练2 ice 1.on 2.in 3.for 4.to 5.in …素养提能… nis 【.单句语法填空 1.the 2.a 3.a 4.an 5.the a 6.as 7.on 8.in 9.for 10.from Ⅱ.写作迁移（正确运用冠词和介词完成句子） 1.I won first prize in the writing contest in two days 2.the importance of moral values,respect for elders and social harmony 3.take up a piano lesson 4.At the award ceremony a certificate of achievement 5.with a mixture of gratitude and excitement 第十二讲 代词和并列连词 高考体验 1.its 2.ones 3.and 4.or 5.or 6.their 7.and 8.but/yet 9.and 10.its ” 语法精讲… 即学即练1 1.them 2.It 3.his 4.yourself 即学即练2 1.and 2.or 3.but 4.and ……素养提能… :【.单句语法填空 1.it 2.its 3.him 4.themselves 5.ours 6.or 7.so 8.while 9.but/yet 10.when Ⅱ.写作迁移（正确运用代词和并列连词完成 句子) 1.making it more flexible and environmentally friendly 参考答案☑。