专题05阅读理解题(专项训练)六年级英语寒假专项提升(北京版）

专题05阅读理解 · 内容导航 · 01：答题技巧 02：小试牛刀 答题技巧 一、审题圈画，明确目标（带着问题读文章） 1. 圈画核心关键词，锁定定位线索： ◦ 专有名词：人名（Mike/Lily/Tom）、地名（Canada/Beijing/Hangzhou）、历史事件（ancient Olympic Games/Qin Dynasty）、生肖 / 节日名（dog/tiger/Chinese New Year），这些词是快速找到答案所在段落的 “导航标”； ◦ 疑问词：What（事物）、Where（地点）、Why（原因）、How（方式）、When（时间）、How many（数量），明确题目要问的核心维度； ◦ 限定词：否定词（NOT）、频率词（every twelve years/twice a week）、程度词（terribly/very），避免因忽略限定条件选错答案。 2. 判断考点类型，针对性找答案： ◦ 细节理解题（占比最高）：题干问 “是什么、做什么、在哪里、什么时候”，答案通常能在文中找到原句或同义替换，无需过度推断； ◦ 原因题（Why 开头）：答案大概率在 “because” 后面，或上下文因果逻辑中（如 “想练功夫→倒立→摔倒”）； ◦ 词义猜测题（如 “cultures”“invent”）：结合上下文语境或常识推断，也可通过选项代入验证； ◦ 跨学科 / 计算题（如时间计算、数量统计）：需在文中找到关键数据（如年份、数字），再按题目要求计算（如奥运会每 4 年一届，从 1896 年推算第 3 届年份）； ◦ 主旨题（问 “文章主要讲什么”）：重点看首尾段或每段首句，提炼核心话题（如跨文化短文核心是 “不同国家孩子的暑假差异”）。 小试牛刀 一、阅读Mike的暑假计划，选择正确答案。 Mike went back to Canada this summer. He visited his grandparents and played with his old friends. He also worked on his uncle’s farm. He climbed mountains and went fishing. He returned to Beijing last Thursday. He had a great time! ( )1. Where did Mike go this summer? A. Beijing B. Canada C. Shanghai ( )2. Who did he visit in Canada? A. His friends B. His uncle C. His grandparents ( )3. What did he do on his uncle’s farm? A. He played football. B. He worked. C. He learned Peking Opera. ( )4. When did he come back? A. Last Monday B. Last Thursday C. Last week ( )5. How was Mike’s summer holiday? A. Boring B. Terrible C. Great 二、暑假到了，Lily的暑假计划是什么呢？ Lily didn’t go anywhere this summer. She just stayed in Beijing. She learned to sing Peking Opera and wrote a story. She also made cakes with her mother. She finished her piano lessons last week. ( )1. Where did Lily go this summer? A. Canada B. Nowhere C. Shanghai ( )2. What did she learn in Beijing? A. Kung fu B. Peking Opera C. Farming ( )3. What did she write? A. A letter B. A story C. A song ( )4. Who did she make cakes with? A. Her father B. Her uncle C. Her mother ( )5. When did she finish her piano lessons? A. Last Monday B. Last Thursday C. Last week 三、Tom看起来不太好，他发生了什么呢？ Tom doesn’t look well today. His neck aches terribly. He stood on his head because he wanted to practice kung fu. He fell down and hurt his right leg. He went to hospital yesterday. ( )1. What’s wrong with Tom? A. His leg aches. B. His neck aches. C. His arm aches. ( )2. Why did he stand on his head? A. To practice kung fu B. To play games C. To sing ( )3. What happened after he stood on his head? A. He cried. B. He fell down. C. He cut his finger. ( )4. Which leg did he hurt? A. Left leg B. Right leg C. Both legs ( )5. When did he go to hospital? A. Today B. Yesterday C. Last week 四、Amy上周末不在家，她去了哪里呢？ Last weekend, Amy flew to Hangzhou. Yesterday afternoon, she drove to Xiangshan. On Friday morning, she took the train to Tianjin. She likes traveling by different vehicles. ( )1. How did Amy go to Hangzhou? A. By train B. By air C. By car ( )2. When did she go to Xiangshan? A. Last weekend B. Yesterday afternoon C. On Friday morning ( )3. How did she go to Tianjin? A. By bus B. By train C. By taxi ( )4. Where did she drive to? A. Hangzhou B. Xiangshan C. Tianjin ( )5. What does Amy like? A. Staying at home B. Traveling by different vehicles C. Driving only 五、阅读短文，选择正确的答案。 The Wright brothers invented the plane. Mr. Bell invented the telephone. Those vehicles were invented by some smart people. We use them every day. ( )1. Who invented the plane? A. Mr. Bell B. The Wright brothers C. Smart people ( )2. What did Mr. Bell invent? A. The train B. The telephone C. The car ( )3. Who invented those vehicles? A. The Wright brothers B. Some smart people C. Mr. Bell ( )4. Which word means “发明”? A. invent B. invite C. invest ( )5. What do we do with these inventions every day? A. We make them. B. We sell them. C. We use them. 六、阅读短文，了解历史事件发生的时间和地点。 The ancient Olympic Games began in 776BC. The first modern Olympics were held in 1896 in Athens. The 29th Olympics were held in Beijing in 2008. Chinese athletes won 48 gold medals then. ( )1. When did the ancient Olympic Games begin? A. 1896 B. 776BC C. 2008 ( )2. Where were the first modern Olympics held? A. Beijing B. London C. Athens ( )3. When were the 29th Olympics held? A. 2008 B. 2012 C. 1896 ( )4. Where were the 29th Olympics held? A. Athens B. Beijing C. London ( )5. How many gold medals did China win in 2008? A. 22 B. 30 C. 48 七、阅读短文，了解每个场合对应的服装。 Lucy’s cousin is a singer. She wears pretty dresses on stage. She loves purple dresses very much. She also wears a pair of sunglasses sometimes. At school, she wears formal clothes. ( )1. What does Lucy’s cousin do? A. A teacher B. A singer C. A lawyer ( )2. What does she wear on stage? A. Jeans B. Pretty dresses C. Pajamas ( )3. What color dresses does she love? A. Blue B. Black C. Purple ( )4. What does she wear sometimes? A. A hoody B. Sunglasses C. A denim skirt ( )5. What does she wear at school? A. Pretty dresses B. Formal clothes C. Sunglasses 八、阅读十二生肖的短文，选择正确的答案。 There are twelve animals for the Chinese birth years. The rat is the first animal. The order was decided a long time ago. Each animal comes around every twelve years. Grandma likes the dog best because she is as caring as a dog. ( )1. How many animals are there for Chinese birth years? A. Ten B. Eleven C. Twelve ( )2. Which animal is the first? A. The dog B. The rat C. The tiger ( )3. How often does each animal come around? A. Every year B. Every ten years C. Every twelve years ( )4. Who decided the order? A. Smart people long ago B. Grandma C. The teacher ( )5. Why does Grandma like the dog? A. Because it is strong. B. Because it is smart. C. Because it is caring. 九、阅读短文，选择正确答案。 “Happy Chinese New Year! Here is a New Year gift for you.” “What is it?” “It’s a tiger year stamp.” My grandma likes the dog best. She is as caring as a dog. My grandpa is as strong as a horse. ( )1. What is the gift? A. A toy tiger B. A tiger year stamp C. A dog year stamp ( )2. Which animal does Grandma like best? A. The tiger B. The dog C. The horse ( )3. Why does Grandma like the dog? A. Because it is strong. B. Because it is caring. C. Because it is smart. ( )4. What is Grandpa compared to? A. A dog B. A horse C. A rat ( )5. What is Grandpa like? A. Caring B. Strong C. Smart 十、【新题型·跨文化】Mike和Lily两个来自不同文化背景（加拿大和中国）孩子的暑假生活。阅读短文，了解他们的活动差异和文化特色。 Mike and Lily are good friends,but they spent their summer holidays in very different ways. Mike went back to Canada.He visited his grandparents and played with his old friends. He also worked on his uncle's farm. He climbed mountains and went fishing. He returned to Beijing last Thursday. Lily just stayed in Beijing.She learned to sing Peking Opera from a master. She also wrote a story about Beijing and made traditional Chinese cakes with her grandmother. She finished her piano lessons last week. They both had a great time and learned a lot from their own cultures. ( )1. Where did Mike spend his summer holiday? A. In Beijing. B. In Canada. C. On a farm in China. ( )2. What traditional Chinese activity did Lily learn? A. Making Canadian cakes. B. Climbing mountains. C. Singing Peking Opera. ( )3. What did both Mike and Lily do? A. They both visited their grandparents. B. They both had a great and meaningful holiday. C. They both worked on a farm. ( )4. The underlined word “cultures” in the last sentence means ________. A. 书籍 B. 文化 C. 食物 ( )5. What is the main purpose of this passage? A. To tell us how to travel. B. To show different holiday activities in different cultures. C. To ask us to stay at home. 十一、【新题型·跨学科】阅读短文，了解不同事件发生的年份和时间顺序，尝试进行简单的时间计算。 History is full of important dates.The ancient Olympic Games began in 776BC. The Qin Dynasty, the first dynasty of a united China, began in 221BC. Much later, the Tang Dynasty began in 618AD. In modern times,people held the first modern Olympic Games in 1896 in Athens. The 29th Olympics were held in Beijing in 2008. Chinese athletes did a great job, winning 48 gold medals. Then, the 30th Olympics were held in London in 2012. Knowing these dates helps us understand how long ago things happened and how history connects. ( )1. Which event happened the earliest according to the passage? A. The Tang Dynasty began. B. The ancient Olympic Games began. C. The Qin Dynasty began. ( )2. How many years are there between the beginning of the Qin Dynasty and the Tang Dynasty? A. 397 years. B. 839 years. C. 221 years. ( )3. Where were the 29th modern Olympics held? A. In Athens. B. In Beijing. C. In London. ( )4. How many gold medals did China win in the 29th Olympics? A. 30 B. 48 C. 22 ( )5. If the 1st modern Olympics was in 1896, and they are held every 4 years, which year was the 3rd modern Olympics? A. 1900 B. 1904 C. 1908 十二、 【新题型·绘本故事】随小主人公Tom，理解他一天中发生的连续事件、原因和结果，体会故事的幽默之处。 It was Saturday morning.Tom wanted to practice kung fu like a movie hero. He stood on his head. But he fell down! “What happened to you?” Mum asked. “I hurt my right leg and my neck aches terribly!” Tom cried. In the afternoon,Mum took him to hospital. The doctor said, “You should stop doing dangerous moves at home.” On the way back, Tom saw his friend. He was so happy that he ran to him and cut his finger on a door! In the evening,Dad looked at Tom’s bandaged leg and finger. He said, “What a busy and ‘lucky’ day you had!” Tom didn’t know whether to laugh or cry. ( )1. Why did Tom stand on his head? A. Because he wanted to see the world upside down. B. Because he wanted to practice kung fu. C. Because his mum asked him to do so. ( )2. What was wrong with Tom in the morning? (You can choose more than one) A. His neck ached. B. He cut his finger. C. He hurt his right leg. ( )3. What did the doctor tell Tom to do? A. To practice more at home. B. To stop doing dangerous moves at home. C. To go to hospital again next week. ( )4. How did Tom cut his finger in the afternoon? A. He stood on his head again. B. He ran and hurt it on a door. C. His cat scratched him. ( )5. Why did Dad say Tom had a “lucky” day? (The word has quotation marks “ ”) A. Because Tom was really lucky and won a prize. B. Because it was a funny way to say Tom was unlucky to get hurt twice. C. Because going to hospital is lucky. 参考答案 一、1.B 2.C 3.B 4.B 5.C 二、1.B 2.B 3.B 4.C 5.C 三、1.B 2.A 3.B 4.B 5.B 四、1.B 2.B 3.B 4.B 5.B 五、1.B 2.B 3.B 4.A 5.C 六、1.B 2.C 3.A 4.B 5.C 七、1.B 2.B 3.C 4.B 5.B 八、1.C 2.B 3.C 4.A 5.C 九、1.B 2.B 3.B 4.B 5.B 十、1.B 2.C 3.B 4.B 5.B 十一、1.B 2.B 3.B 4.B 5.B 十二、1.B 2.A,C 3.B 4.B 5.B 第 1 页 共 8 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $