专题03选词或短语填空题(专项训练)六年级英语寒假专项提升(北京版)

专题03选词或短语填空 · 内容导航 · 01：答题技巧 02：小试牛刀 答题技巧 一、前置预判：通读语境 + 定位场景，锁定词汇方向 1. 通读全文抓逻辑：先读完整对话或句子，理清上下文关系（并列、因果、时间顺序等）。看到 “because” 预判后接原因，看到 “and” 预判前后为同类动作或名词，看到 “last week/yesterday” 等时间词直接锁定一般过去时，避免孤立看单个空盲目选择。 2.场景匹配词汇库:明确题目所属场景(旅行、家务、健康、历史、生肖、交通等),调用对应高频词汇。 二、核心筛选：分析语法 + 匹配词性，排除错误选项 1.语法要求优先判:根据空缺处前后的关键词,确定语法规则和词性需求,直接排除不符合的选项： ◦ 若空前有时间状语 “last Monday/last month”，动词需用过去式（如 went、visited、climbed），排除原形（go）、三单（goes）、现在分词（going）； ◦ 若空前是情态动词（can）或助动词（will），需选动词原形（如 cook、clean）； ◦ 若空前是 be 动词（is/are），主语是三单（he/she/it）时，动词用三单形式（aches、scratches）； ◦ 若空前有“stop”,固定搭配为“stop doing sth.”,需选动名词形式(eating、smoking、playing computer games)。 2.词性筛选缩范围:先判断空缺处需名词、动词、介词短语还是数字,再逐一排除词性不符选项。 三、精准锁定：紧扣语义 + 固定搭配，敲定最优答案 1. 语义契合上下文：在语法和词性匹配的基础上，结合句意判断。 2. 固定搭配直接选：牢记高频固定短语和表达，遇到直接锁定： ◦ 交通方式:by +交通工具（by plane/by train/by taxi），on foot（步行）为特殊搭配； ◦ 时态搭配:“Did you...?”的肯定回应为“Yes, I/we did.”,否定回应为“No, I/we didn’t.”,固定句型无需犹豫； ◦ 场景短语:“play computer games”“go fishing”“return the books”“climb the mountains”等，直接匹配语境使用。小试牛刀 一、根据对话内容，选择正确的单词或短语填空。 ( )1. — What did you do this summer? — I ______ back to Canada. A. go B. went C. going D. goes ( )2. I ______ a great time and did many things. A. have B. has C. had D. having ( )3. — What did you do in Canada? — I ______ my grandparents. A. visit B. visits C. visited D. visiting ( )4. I ______ with my friends. A. play B. played C. plays D. playing ( )5. I ______ on my uncle’s farm. A. work B. works C. worked D. working 二、根据时间状语和上下文，选择正确的短语填空。 ( )1. — When did you come back from your summer camp? — I came back ______. A. last Thursday B. next week C. tomorrow D. now ( )2. I ______ the mountains last week. A. climb B. climbs C. climed D. climbed ( )3. I ______ with my grandpa last Monday morning. A. go fishing B. went fishing C. goes fishing D. going fishing ( )4. I ______ to the airport to meet my cousin. A. go B. went C. goes D. going ( )5. I ______ my piano lessons last month. A. finish B. finishes C. finished D. finishing 三、根据问句选择正确的肯定或否定回答。 ( )1. — Did you go to Canada? — ______ A. Yes, I did. B. Yes, I do. C. No, I did. D. No, I don’t. ( )2. — Did you return the books? — ______ A. Yes, I did. B. Yes, I do. C. No, I didn’t. D. No, I don’t. ( )3. — Did you win the football match? — ______ A. Yes, we did. B. Yes, we do. C. No, we didn’t. D. No, we don’t. ( )4. — Did you write a story? — ______ A. Yes, I write. B. Yes, I did. C. No, I didn’t. D. No, I don’t. ( )5. — Did you make cakes? — ______ A. Yes, I made. B. Yes, I did. C. No, I didn’t. D. No, I don’t. 四、【新题型·生活运用】根据受伤或健康问题的描述，选择正确的短语填空。 ( )1. — What’s wrong? You don’t look well today. — My neck ______ terribly. A. ache B. aches C. ached D. aching ( )2. — What happened to your neck? — I ______ on my head. A. stand B. stands C. stood D. standing ( )3. — Why did you stand on your head? — Because I wanted to practice ______. A. kung fu B. piano C. singing D. football ( )4. — What happened to you? — I ______ my right leg. A. hurt B. hurts C. hurted D. hurting ( )5. My cat ______ me. A. scratch B. scratches C. scratched D. scratching 五、【新题型·新情境】根据情景，选择正确的单词或短语完成对话。 ( )1. — What did you say? — I said you should stop ______ too much. A. eat B. eating C. eats D. ate ( )2. You should stop ______ for a long time. A. play computer games B. playing computer games C. played computer games D. plays computer games ( )3. He should stop ______. It’s bad for health. A. smoke B. smokes C. smoking D. smoked ( )4. If you cut your finger, you should ______. A. go to hospital B. go to school C. go home D. go shopping ( )5. She ______ and cried because she fell down. A. cry B. cries C. cried D. crying 六、根据出行方式，选择正确的介词短语填空。 ( )1. — How did you go to Shanghai? — We went there ______. A. by air B. by foot C. by bike D. by car ( )2. They went to the park ______. A. by bus B. by plane C. by train D. by ship ( )3. I go to school ______ every day. A. by subway B. by taxi C. by air D. by train ( )4. She went to the hospital ______ because it was raining. A. by taxi B. on foot C. by bike D. by train ( )5. We often go to nearby places ______. A. by air B. by train C. on foot D. by subway 七、根据时间或地点状语，选择正确的短语完成句子。 ( )1. — Where did you go ______? — I flew to Hangzhou. A. last weekend B. tomorrow C. next week D. now ( )2. He drove to Xiangshan ______. A. yesterday afternoon B. next Monday C. tomorrow D. soon ( )3. They took the train to Tianjin ______. A. on Friday morning B. next year C. every day D. now ( )4. I climbed the mountains ______. A. last week B. next month C. tomorrow D. every day ( )5. We will go fishing ______. A. yesterday B. last Monday C. next Sunday D. now 八、【新题型·跨学科】根据发明家或历史事件，选择正确的单词或短语填空。 ( )1. — Who invented the telephone? — ______ invented it. A. Mr Bell B. The Wright brothers C. Smart people D. Ancient people ( )2. — Who invented the plane? — ______ invented it. A. Mr Bell B. The Wright brothers C. Smart people D. Ancient people ( )3. — When did the ancient Olympic Games begin? — They began in ______. A. 1896 B. 2008 C. 776BC D. 618AD ( )4. — When did the Qin Dynasty begin? — It began in ______. A. 221BC B. 618AD C. 1896 D. 2008 ( )5. — When did people hold the first modern Olympics? — They held them in ______ in Athens. A. 1896 B. 2008 C. 2012 D. 776BC 九、根据数量或奖牌数问答，选择正确的数字或短语填空。 ( )1. — How many medals did the Chinese athletes win in 2008? — They won ______ gold medals. A. 48 B. 22 C. 30 D. 100 ( )2. — How many shirts did you buy? — I bought ______ shirts. A. 3 B. 6 C. 10 D. 1 ( )3. — How many books did you borrow? — I borrowed ______ books. A. 3 B. 6 C. 10 D. 1 ( )4. — How many silver medals did they win? — They won ______ silver medals. A. 48 B. 22 C. 30 D. 100 ( )5. — How many bronze medals did they win? — They won ______ bronze medals. A. 48 B. 22 C. 30 D. 100 十、根据人物衣着或职业描述，选择正确的单词或短语填空。 ( )1. — What is he wearing? — He is wearing a blue suit with a ______ tie. A. sliver B. red C. green D. yellow ( )2. He is wearing a pair of black shoes. He’s a ______. A. teacher B. lawyer C. singer D. farmer ( )3. — What does your cousin do? — She is a ______. A. singer B. lawyer C. teacher D. farmer ( )4. — What does she wear on stage? — She loves to wear ______ very much. A. jeans B. pajamas C. purple dresses D. a hoody ( )5. — What size do you wear? — I wear a ______. A. Small B. Medium C. Large D. XL 十一、根据十二生肖或频率问答，选择正确的单词或短语填空。 ( )1. — How often does each animal come around? — Every ______ years. A. six B. twelve C. three D. ten ( )2. — Who decided the order of the birth-year animals? — ______ decided it. A. The girl B. The boy C. Ancient people D. The rat ( )3. — Which animal was the first of the twelve? — It was the ______. A. tiger B. rat C. horse D. dog ( )4. Grandma likes the dog best. She is as ______ as a dog. A. strong B. smart C. friendly D. caring ( )5. My nephew is as ______ as a monkey. A. strong B. smart C. friendly D. caring 十二、根据季节、月份或礼物对话，选择正确的单词填空。 ( )1. There are ______ seasons in a year. A. two B. three C. four D. twelve ( )2. Spring is the first ______. A. month B. year C. season D. week ( )3. ______ is the first month of the year. A. January B. February C. December D. June ( )4. — Happy Chinese New Year! — Happy year of the ______! A. rat B. tiger C. dog D. horse ( )5. — I have a New Year gift for you. — What is it? — It’s a ______ year stamp. A. dragon B. tiger C. rabbit D. monkey 参考答案 一、1. B 2. C 3. C 4. B 5. C 二、1. A 2. D 3. B 4. B 5. C 三、1. A 2. C 3. C 4. B 5. B 四、1. B 2. C 3. A 4. A 5. C 五、1. B 2. B 3. C 4. A 5. C 六、1. A 2. A 3. A 4. A 5. C 七、1. A 2. A 3. A 4. A 5. C 八、1. A 2. B 3. C 4. A 5. A 九、1. A 2. A 3. B 4. B 5. C 十、1. A 2. B 3. A 4. C 5. B 十一、1. B 2. C 3. B 4. D 5. B 十二、1. C 2. C 3. A 4. B 5. B 第 1 页 共 8 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $