一般过去时：英语的“旧照片”-【中职专用】语法专项突破课件

中职英语 穿越时空的动词之旅：一般过去时 语法  1 目录 什么是“一般过去时” 时间侦探线索 动词变身 肯定否定疑问结构 易混淆时态对比 06 思维导图与检测 2 Lead in 3 01 什么是“一般过去时” 4 定格的瞬间：定义与特征 01 定义 表示在过去某个特定时间发生并且已经结束的动作或状态。 02 关键理解： 动作/状态发生在过去 动作/状态已经完成 与现在没有必然联系 5 三大用法 过去特定时间完成的动作 I watched a great movie last night. She finished her homework at 9 PM. 表示过去持续的状态或习惯 When I was a child, I played the piano every day. He lived in Shanghai for five years. 讲述过去发生的系列事件 Yesterday, I woke up at 7, had breakfast, and went to school. 6 02 时间侦探线索 7 常见时间状语速览 常见时间状语 具体时间点 yesterday, last night, at 5 PM I called you yesterday. 时间段 last week, in 2020, three days ago We visited Paris last summer. 过去时间短语 when I was young, in the past When I was a student, I studied hard. 已完成的动作 just now, a moment ago He left just now. 时间状语类型 标志词 例句 8 时间侦探练习 练习题目：阅读以下句子，圈出其中的时间标志词，并判断该句是否使用了一般过去时。 1. My grandparents got married in 1972. ( ) 圈出的词：________ 2. I have a video call with my cousin every Sunday. ( ) 圈出的词：________ 3. He suddenly remembered the answer just now. ( ) 圈出的词：________ 4. They are going to visit the museum next week. ( ) 圈出的词：________ 5. Did you see the amazing sunset yesterday evening? ( ) 圈出的词：________ 答案解析： 1. √ (in 1972) - 明确的过去年份。 2. × (every Sunday) - “every Sunday” 表示习惯，用一般现在时。 3. √ (just now) - “刚才”，典型的近期过去标志。 4. × (next week) - “下周”，将来时间，不能用过去时。 5. √ (yesterday evening) - “昨晚”，明确的短期过去。 9 03 动词变身 10 四条规则一次掌握 规则一 一般情况下，直接在动词原形后加ed fail-failed look-looked jump-jumped work-worked kill-killed 规则二 规则变化二：以e结尾加d 以e结尾时，直接加d like—liked use-used close-closed dance-danced save-saved 规则三 以辅音字母+y结尾时，变y为i再加ed carry—carried study → studied try → tried worry → worried 规则四 以重读闭音节结尾（辅元辅），双写辅音字母后加ed plan → planned prefer → preferred regret → regretted drop → dropped 11 AAA ABB ABC 三型速记 AAA型 cut - cut - cut | put - put - put | hit - hit - hit ABB型 teach - taught - taught | buy - bought - bought | think - thought - thought ABC型 go - went - gone | see - saw - seen | eat - ate - eaten 12 规则动词即时演练 1. Yesterday, I __________ (clean) my room for two hours. 2. She __________ (practice) the piano every day last summer. 3. It __________ (rain) heavily last night, so we stayed indoors. 4. We __________ (wait) for the bus for almost 30 minutes. 5. The baby __________ (cry) until her mother picked her up. 根据句意和括号内的动词原形，用其正确的过去式形式填空，使句子完整、通顺。 答案：1. cleaned 2. practiced 3. rained 4. waited 5. cried 13 04 肯定否定疑问结构 14 肯定句与否定句公式 肯定句公式 主语 + 动词过去式 + 其他 I watched a documentary last night. 否定句公式 主语 + did not + 动词原形 Last night, the cat didn't catch the mouse. 15 一般疑问与特殊疑问 一般疑问句公式 Did + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他？ Did you enjoy the movie？ 特殊疑问句公式 疑问词 + did + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他？ Where did you go last weekend？ 16 句式转换即时训练 A. 改为否定句 She visited the museum. → ______________________________ They ate pizza for lunch. → ______________________________ B. 改为一般疑问句 He finished his homework. → ______________________________? We went to Beijing last summer. → ______________________________? 答案： A: 1. She didn't visit the museum. 2. They didn't eat pizza for lunch. 答案： B: 1. Did he finish his homework? 2. Did you go to Beijing last summer? 17 05 易混淆时态对比 18 一般过去 vs 现在完成 一般过去时 现在完成时 强调动作发生在过去 强调过去动作对现在的影响 有明确过去时间状语 没有明确过去时间 动作已完全结束 动作可能持续到现在 19 一般过去 vs 现在完成 对比练习 I __________ (see) that movie last week. I __________ (see) that movie three times. 例句讲解 一般过去时: I watched that movie last week. （我上周看了那部电影。）强调“看”这个动作发生在上周这个过去的具体时间。只是陈述一个过去的事实，与现在无关。 现在完成时: I have watched that movie. （我已经看过那部电影了。）强调“看过”这个过去的经历对现在造成了影响或结果。 答案：1. saw 2. have seen 20 06 思维导图与单选题检测 21 自主回忆与总结 一般过去时 含义 时间标志词 时态对比 结构 动词过去式变化 规则变化： 不规则变化: 肯定结构： 否定结构 一般疑问机构 特殊疑问结构 一般过去时： 现在完成时： 22 一般过去时思维导图 一般过去时 含义 时间标志词 时态对比 结构 动词过去式变化 表示在过去某个特定时间发生并且已经结束的动作或状态。 yesterday, last night, at 5 PM last week, in 2020, three days ago... 规则变化：直接加ed；以e结尾加d；辅y变i加ed；以重读闭音结尾（辅元辅），双写辅音字母后加ed 不规则变化:AAA型 ABB型 ABC型 肯定结构：主语 + 动词过去式 + 其他 否定结构 一般疑问句结构 特殊疑问句结构 主语 + did not + 动词原形 Did + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他？ 疑问词 + did + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他？ 一般过去时：强调动作发生在过去、有明确过去时间状语 动作已完全结束 现在完成时： 强调过去动作对现在的影响、没有明确过去时间、动作可能持续到现在 23 5道单选题速测 What __________ you do after school yesterday? A. do B. did C. does D. are 题目2 She __________ all her homework before dinner. A. finishes B. finish C. finished D. finishing 题目3 They didn't __________ to the movie because tickets were sold out. A. go B. went C. going D. goes 题目4 __________ you understand the math problem? A. Do B. Did C. Are D. Have 题目1 题目5 My grandfather __________ me how to fish when I was young. A. teach B. taught C. teaches D. teaching 答案：1. B 2. C 3. A 4. B 5. B 24 THANKS 感谢您的观看 中职英语 语法  25 $