专题4 动词和动词短语（B卷·能力提升）-2026版陕西省（对口招生）二轮复习《英语考纲专题练》（原卷版+解析版）

编写说明：2026陕西省（职教单招）二轮复习《英语考纲专题练》依据最新版《中等职业学校英语课程标准》、省编复习指导及历年真题编写。本资料紧扣历年考试趋势和最新考试动态，聚焦高频考点，精讲精练，共覆盖包括各类语法和题型的17个专题，助力考生高效复习。同时，为构建完整学习体系，每个专题均配套对应讲义和AB卷习题，满足多样化学习需求。 本专题是2026版陕西省（职教单招）二轮复习《英语考纲专题练》的第4个专题，内容为动词和动词短语。 2026版陕西省（对口招生）二轮复习《英语考纲专题练》 专题4 动词和动词短语（B卷·能力提升） 考试时间：20分钟 满分：100分 班级 姓名 学号 成绩 一、单项选择（共20小题；每小题4分，满分 80分） 从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 1.We ______ a lot of progress in English since we started this course.（ ） A. make B. made C. have made D. will make 2.The teacher asked us to ______ attention to the new words in the passage.（ ） A. pay B. take C. give D. put 3.My parents ______ me to study abroad after graduation, but I haven’t decided yet.（ ） A. advise B. suggest C. hope D. let 4.The meeting will ______ at 3 o’clock this afternoon. Please be on time.（ ） A. happen B. take place C. occur D. break out 5.She ______ her hometown for five years and misses it very much.（ ） A. left B. has left C. has been away from D. was away from 6.Could you please ______ me a hand with carrying these boxes? They’re too heavy.（ ） A. lend B. borrow C. help D. give 7.The bad weather ______ us from going camping last weekend.（ ） A. stopped B. refused C. prevented D. both A and C 8.He ______ his phone at home this morning, so he couldn’t answer our calls.（ ） A. forgot B. left C. missed D. lost 9.The company plans to ______ a new factory in the industrial park next year.（ ） A. set up B. put up C. take up D. look up 10.We must ______ the traffic rules when crossing the road to keep safe.（ ） A. follow B. break C. make D. change 11.She ______ English for 10 years, and now she can speak it fluently.（ ） A. learns B. learned C. is learning D. has been learning 12.The teacher ______ the difficult problem many times, but some students still didn’t understand.（ ） A. explained B. described C. introduced D. instructed 13.My brother ______ to the gym every Saturday to keep fit.（ ） A. goes B. went C. will go D. has gone 14.They ______ a party to celebrate their team’s victory last night.（ ） A. held B. took C. joined D. attended 15.You should ______ smoking. It’s bad for your health.（ ） A. give up B. give in C. give out D. give away 16.The baby ______ asleep as soon as his mother sang a lullaby.（ ） A. fell B. felt C. went D. became 17.Our team ______ the game yesterday because we prepared well.（ ） A. won B. beat C. defeated D. gained 18.I can’t ______ what he said because his voice is too low.（ ） A. hear B. listen C. sound D. catch 19.She ______ a lot of time practicing the piano every day.（ ） A. spends B. takes C. costs D. pays 20.The government has ______ measures to protect the environment in recent years.（ ） A. taken B. made C. done D. carried 二、单词拼写（根据下列各句句意和汉语提示，在句中所给的横线上写出空缺单词的正确形式，每空只写一词。共10小题，每小题2分, 满分20分。） 1.We should ______ (尊重) the elderly and help them when they are in need. 2.My favorite ______ (爱好) is reading science fiction books in my free time. 3.The students are busy ______ (准备) for the final exam these days. 4.It’s important to ______ (保持) a balance between work and rest. 5.The little girl ______ (哭) because she couldn’t find her mother in the supermarket. 6.Our school ______ (组织) a school trip to the museum last month. 7.You can ______ (下载) the app from the official website for free. 8.The scientist ______ (发现) a new kind of plant in the rainforest last year. 9.We must ______ (珍惜) the time we spend with our family and friends. 10.The teacher ______ (鼓励) us to ask more questions in class to improve our learning. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 编写说明：2026陕西省（职教单招）二轮复习《英语考纲专题练》依据最新版《中等职业学校英语课程标准》、省编复习指导及历年真题编写。本资料紧扣历年考试趋势和最新考试动态，聚焦高频考点，精讲精练，共覆盖包括各类语法和题型的17个专题，助力考生高效复习。同时，为构建完整学习体系，每个专题均配套对应讲义和AB卷习题，满足多样化学习需求。 本专题是2026版陕西省（职教单招）二轮复习《英语考纲专题练》的第4个专题，内容为动词和动词短语。 2026版陕西省（对口招生）二轮复习《英语考纲专题练》 专题4 动词和动词短语（B卷·能力提升） 考试时间：20分钟 满分：100分 班级 姓名 学号 成绩 一、单项选择（共20小题；每小题4分，满分 80分） 从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 1.We ______ a lot of progress in English since we started this course.（ ） A. make B. made C. have made D. will make 【答案】C 【解析】考查动词时态。since（自从…… 以来）是现在完成时的标志词，结构为 “have/has + 过去分词”，主语 we 为复数，故用 have made。A 为一般现在时，B 为一般过去时，D 为一般将来时，均不符合时态要求，故选 C。 2.The teacher asked us to ______ attention to the new words in the passage.（ ） A. pay B. take C. give D. put 【答案】A 【解析】考查动词短语固定搭配。pay attention to 为固定短语，意为 “注意”，符合句意。B、C、D 均不能与 attention 构成正确搭配，故选 A。 3.My parents ______ me to study abroad after graduation, but I haven’t decided yet.（ ） A. advise B. suggest C. hope D. let 【答案】A 【解析】考查动词用法辨析。advise sb. to do sth.（建议某人做某事）为固定结构，符合题干 “me to study” 的搭配；suggest 后接 doing 或 that 从句，不接 sb. to do；hope 后接 to do 或 that 从句，不接 sb. to do；let 后接动词原形（let sb. do），故选 A。 4.The meeting will ______ at 3 o’clock this afternoon. Please be on time.（ ） A. happen B. take place C. occur D. break out 【答案】B 【解析】考查动词短语辨析。take place 侧重 “有计划、有安排地发生”，符合 “会议” 的语境；happen 和 occur 侧重 “偶然发生”；break out 侧重 “灾难、疾病等突然爆发”，故选 B。 5.She ______ her hometown for five years and misses it very much.（ ） A. left B. has left C. has been away from D. was away from 【答案】C 【解析】考查动词时态及延续性动词。for five years 是延续性时间状语，leave 为短暂性动词，不能与延续性时间连用，需转换为 be away from（延续性短语），且用现在完成时，故选 C。 6.Could you please ______ me a hand with carrying these boxes? They’re too heavy.（ ） A. lend B. borrow C. help D. give 【答案】A 【解析】考查动词短语固定搭配。lend sb. a hand=help sb.，意为 “帮某人一把”，是固定表达；borrow 表示 “借入”，与句意不符；give 不能与 a hand 构成此搭配，故选 A。 7.The bad weather ______ us from going camping last weekend.（ ） A. stopped B. refused C. prevented D. both A and C 【答案】D 【解析】考查动词短语固定搭配。stop sb. from doing sth. 和 prevent sb. from doing sth. 均为固定结构，意为 “阻止某人做某事”；refuse 后接 to do，不接 sb. from doing，故选 D。 8.He ______ his phone at home this morning, so he couldn’t answer our calls.（ ） A. forgot B. left C. missed D. lost 【答案】B 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。leave sth. + 地点表示 “把某物落在某地”，符合 “手机落在家” 的语境；forgot 后不接地点状语（需用 forget to take sth.）；missed 表示 “错过”；lost 表示 “丢失”（无法找回），故选 B。 9.The company plans to ______ a new factory in the industrial park next year.（ ） A. set up B. put up C. take up D. look up 【答案】A 【解析】考查动词短语辨析。set up 意为 “建立、创办”，符合 “新建工厂” 的语境；put up 意为 “张贴、举起”；take up 意为 “占据、开始学习”；look up 意为 “查阅、抬头看”，故选 A。 10.We must ______ the traffic rules when crossing the road to keep safe.（ ） A. follow B. break C. make D. change 【答案】A 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。follow the rules 意为 “遵守规则”，符合 “安全过马路” 的语境；break the rules（违反规则）、make the rules（制定规则）、change the rules（改变规则）均与句意不符，故选 A。 11.She ______ English for 10 years, and now she can speak it fluently.（ ） A. learns B. learned C. is learning D. has been learning 【答案】D 【解析】考查动词时态。for 10 years 是延续性时间状语，且 “学习英语” 的动作从过去持续到现在并可能继续，用现在完成进行时（has been learning）；A 为一般现在时，B 为一般过去时，C 为现在进行时，均不符合，故选 D。 12.The teacher ______ the difficult problem many times, but some students still didn’t understand.（ ） A. explained B. described C. introduced D. instructed 【答案】A 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。explain 意为 “解释”，符合 “解释难题” 的语境；describe 意为 “描述”；introduce 意为 “介绍”；instruct 意为 “指导、命令”，故选 A。 13.My brother ______ to the gym every Saturday to keep fit.（ ） A. goes B. went C. will go D. has gone 【答案】A 【解析】考查动词时态。every Saturday 是一般现在时的标志词，主语 my brother 为第三人称单数，故用 goes。B 为一般过去时，C 为一般将来时，D 为现在完成时，均不符合，故选 A。 14.They ______ a party to celebrate their team’s victory last night.（ ） A. held B. took C. joined D. attended 【答案】A 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。hold a party 意为 “举办派对”，是固定搭配；take 不能与 party 搭配；join 表示 “加入组织、团体”；attend 表示 “出席（会议、派对等）”，但题干强调 “举办”，故选 A。 15.You should ______ smoking. It’s bad for your health.（ ） A. give up B. give in C. give out D. give away 【答案】A 【解析】考查动词短语辨析。give up 意为 “放弃”，give up smoking（戒烟）符合句意；give in 意为 “屈服”；give out 意为 “分发、耗尽”；give away 意为 “赠送、泄露”，故选 A。 16.The baby ______ asleep as soon as his mother sang a lullaby.（ ） A. fell B. felt C. went D. became 【答案】A 【解析】考查动词短语固定搭配。fall asleep 意为 “入睡”，是固定短语，由 sang 可知用一般过去时，fall 的过去式为 fell。felt 是 feel（感觉）的过去式；went asleep 表述错误；became asleep 不常用，故选 A。 17.Our team ______ the game yesterday because we prepared well.（ ） A. won B. beat C. defeated D. gained 【答案】A 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。win 后接 “比赛、奖项” 等，win the game（赢得比赛）符合语境；beat 和 defeat 后接 “对手、团队”；gained 意为 “获得（利益、知识等）”，不接 game，故选 A。 18.I can’t ______ what he said because his voice is too low.（ ） A. hear B. listen C. sound D. catch 【答案】D 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。catch 此处意为 “听清、理解”，符合 “声音太低听不清” 的语境；hear 强调 “听到” 的结果，但此处侧重 “听清内容”；listen 是不及物动词，需接 to；sound 是系动词，意为 “听起来”，故选 D。 19.She ______ a lot of time practicing the piano every day.（ ） A. spends B. takes C. costs D. pays 【答案】A 【解析】考查动词固定搭配。spend time (in) doing sth. 意为 “花费时间做某事”，是固定结构；take 常用 it 作形式主语（It takes sb. time to do sth.）；cost 的主语是物；pay 后接 for，故选 A。 20.The government has ______ measures to protect the environment in recent years.（ ） A. taken B. made C. done D. carried 【答案】A 【解析】考查动词短语固定搭配。take measures 意为 “采取措施”，是固定短语；make、done、carried 均不能与 measures 构成正确搭配，故选 A。 二、单词拼写（根据下列各句句意和汉语提示，在句中所给的横线上写出空缺单词的正确形式，每空只写一词。共10小题，每小题2分, 满分20分。） 1.We should ______ (尊重) the elderly and help them when they are in need. 【答案】respect 【解析】考查动词拼写。根据汉语提示 “尊重” 及空前情态动词 should，可知此处用动词原形 respect，拼写注意 “r-e-s-p-e-c-t”，无变形。 2.My favorite ______ (爱好) is reading science fiction books in my free time. 【答案】hobby 【解析】考查名词拼写。根据汉语提示 “爱好” 及空后 is（单数），可知此处用单数名词 hobby，拼写注意 “h-o-b-b-y”，勿误写为 hobbies（复数）。 3.The students are busy ______ (准备) for the final exam these days. 【答案】preparing 【解析】考查动词拼写及固定搭配。根据汉语提示 “准备” 及固定搭配 be busy doing sth.，可知此处用动名词形式 preparing，拼写注意 “p-r-e-p-a-r-i-n-g”（双写 r 加 ing）。 4.It’s important to ______ (保持) a balance between work and rest. 【答案】keep 【解析】考查动词拼写。根据汉语提示 “保持” 及空前不定式符号 to，可知此处用动词原形 keep，拼写注意 “k-e-e-p”，无变形。 5.The little girl ______ (哭) because she couldn’t find her mother in the supermarket. 【答案】cried 【解析】考查动词拼写及时态。根据汉语提示 “哭” 及后文 couldn’t（一般过去时），可知此处用过去式 cried，拼写注意 “c-r-i-e-d”（变 y 为 i 加 ed）。 6.Our school ______ (组织) a school trip to the museum last month. 【答案】organized 【解析】考查动词拼写及时态。根据汉语提示 “组织” 及时间状语 last month（一般过去时），可知此处用过去式 organized，拼写注意 “o-r-g-a-n-i-z-e-d”。 7.You can ______ (下载) the app from the official website for free. 【答案】download 【解析】考查动词拼写。根据汉语提示 “下载” 及空前情态动词 can，可知此处用动词原形 download，拼写注意 “d-o-w-n-l-o-a-d”，无变形。 8.The scientist ______ (发现) a new kind of plant in the rainforest last year. 【答案】discovered 【解析】考查动词拼写及时态。根据汉语提示 “发现” 及时间状语 last year（一般过去时），可知此处用过去式 discovered，拼写注意 “d-i-s-c-o-v-e-r-e-d”。 9.We must ______ (珍惜) the time we spend with our family and friends. 【答案】cherish 【解析】考查动词拼写。根据汉语提示 “珍惜” 及空前情态动词 must，可知此处用动词原形 cherish，拼写注意 “c-h-e-r-i-s-h”，勿误写为 cherishs。 10.The teacher ______ (鼓励) us to ask more questions in class to improve our learning. 【答案】encourages 【解析】考查动词拼写及时态。根据汉语提示 “鼓励” 及语境（一般现在时），主语 the teacher 为第三人称单数，故用 encourages，拼写注意 “e-n-c-o-u-r-a-g-e-s”（加 es）。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $