专题7 非谓语动词、构词法（A卷·基础巩固）-2026版陕西省（对口招生）二轮复习《英语考纲专题练》（原卷版+解析版）

编写说明：2026陕西省（职教单招）二轮复习《英语考纲专题练》依据最新版《中等职业学校英语课程标准》、省编复习指导及历年真题编写。本资料紧扣历年考试趋势和最新考试动态，聚焦高频考点，精讲精练，共覆盖包括各类语法和题型的17个专题，助力考生高效复习。同时，为构建完整学习体系，每个专题均配套对应讲义和AB卷习题，满足多样化学习需求。 本专题是2026版陕西省（职教单招）二轮复习《英语考纲专题练》的第7个专题，内容为非谓语动词、构词法。 2026版陕西省（对口招生）二轮复习《英语考纲专题练》 专题7 非谓语动词、构词法（A卷·基础巩固） 考试时间：20分钟 满分：100分 班级 姓名 学号 成绩 一、单项选择（共20小题；每小题4分，满分 80分） 从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 1.We are looking forward to ______ from you soon.（ ） A. hear B. hearing C. heard D. to hear 【答案】B 【解析】考查非谓语动词（动名词作宾语）。固定搭配 look forward to 中 to 是介词，后接动名词形式，hear 的动名词为 hearing。A 为动词原形，C 为过去式，D 为不定式（多余 to），故选 B。 2.The ______ news made all of us very excited.（ ） A. surprise B. surprised C. surprising D. surprisingly 【答案】C 【解析】考查构词法（形容词后缀 - ing/-ed 辨析）。修饰名词 news 需用形容词，surprising（令人惊讶的）修饰事物，符合语境；surprised 修饰人，surprise 为名词 / 动词，surprisingly 为副词，故选 C。 3.My parents told me ______ too much time playing computer games.（ ） A. not to spend B. not spend C. to not spend D. don’t spend 【答案】A 【解析】考查非谓语动词（不定式的否定形式）。固定搭配 tell sb. not to do sth.，否定词 not 置于 to 前，spend 符合 “花费时间做某事” 的语境。B 遗漏 to，C 否定词位置错误，D 为祈使句否定形式（不能作宾补），故选 A。 4.This is a ______ machine. It can help us finish the work quickly.（ ） A. use B. useful C. useless D. usefully 【答案】B 【解析】考查构词法（形容词后缀 - ful）。修饰名词 machine 需用形容词，useful（有用的）符合 “快速完成工作” 的语境；use 为名词 / 动词，useless（无用的）与语境相反，usefully 为副词，故选 B。 5.______ English well, we need to practice speaking as much as possible.（ ） A. Learn B. Learning C. To learn D. Learned 【答案】C 【解析】考查非谓语动词（不定式作目的状语）。句意 “为了学好英语，我们需要多练习口语”，不定式 to learn 表目的。A 为动词原形（祈使句），B 为动名词（表主动 / 伴随），D 为过去分词（表被动），故选 C。 6.He is a ______ worker. He always finishes his tasks on time.（ ） A. rely B. reliable C. reliably D. reliability 【答案】B 【解析】考查构词法（形容词后缀 - able）。修饰名词 worker 需用形容词，reliable（可靠的）符合 “按时完成任务” 的语境；rely 为动词，reliably 为副词，reliability 为名词，故选 B。 7.The girl ______ in red is my classmate. She sings very well.（ ） A. dress B. dressing C. dressed D. to dress 【答案】C 【解析】考查非谓语动词（过去分词作定语）。be dressed in 是固定搭配，此处用过去分词 dressed 作后置定语，修饰 the girl，表 “穿着红色衣服的”。A 为动词原形，B 为现在分词（主动关系，不符），D 为不定式（表将来），故选 C。 8.It’s ______ to solve this problem in five minutes. Let’s ask the teacher for help.（ ） A. possible B. impossible C. possibly D. impossibly 【答案】B 【解析】考查构词法（否定前缀 im-）。系动词 is 后接形容词，根据 “求助老师” 可知 “五分钟内解决不可能”，impossible（不可能的）符合语境；possible 与语境相反，possibly 和 impossibly 为副词，故选 B。 9.They decided ______ a picnic in the park this weekend.（ ） A. have B. having C. to have D. had 【答案】C 【解析】考查非谓语动词（不定式作宾语）。固定搭配 decide to do sth.，后接不定式 to have。A 为动词原形，B 为动名词，D 为过去式，故选 C。 10.The ______ child was crying because he couldn’t find his mother.（ ） A. frighten B. frightened C. frightening D. frightfully 【答案】B 【解析】考查构词法（形容词后缀 - ed）。修饰名词 child 需用形容词，frightened（感到害怕的）修饰人，符合 “找不到妈妈而哭” 的语境；frightening 修饰事物，frighten 为动词，frightfully 为副词，故选 B。 11.______ by the teacher’s words, the students studied harder than before.（ ） A. Encourage B. Encouraging C. Encouraged D. To encourage 【答案】C 【解析】考查非谓语动词（过去分词作状语）。students 与 encourage 是被动关系（被鼓励），用过去分词 encouraged 作状语。A 为动词原形，B 为现在分词（主动关系），D 为不定式（表目的），故选 C。 12.This book is ______ than the one I read last month.（ ） A. helpful B. more helpful C. most helpful D. the most helpful 【答案】B 【解析】考查构词法（多音节形容词比较级）。than 是比较级标志，helpful 为多音节形容词，比较级为 more helpful。A 为原级，C、D 为最高级（需接范围状语），故选 B。 13.Would you mind ______ the window? It’s a little cold outside.（ ） A. close B. closing C. to close D. closed 【答案】B 【解析】考查非谓语动词（动名词作宾语）。固定搭配 mind doing sth.，后接动名词 closing。A 为动词原形，C 为不定式，D 为过去式 / 过去分词，故选 B。 14.She is an ______ student. She always gets good grades in exams.（ ） A. usual B. unusual C. usually D. unusually 【答案】B 【解析】考查构词法（否定前缀 un-）。修饰名词 student 需用形容词，根据 “常得高分” 可知 “不寻常”，unusual（不寻常的）符合语境；usual（寻常的）与语境相反，usually 和 unusually 为副词，故选 B。 15.I saw Tom ______ basketball on the playground when I passed by.（ ） A. play B. playing C. to play D. played 【答案】B 【解析】考查非谓语动词（现在分词作宾补）。see sb. doing sth. 表示 “看见某人正在做某事”，符合 “路过时看到正在打篮球” 的语境；see sb. do sth. 表 “看见全过程”，C 为不定式（see 后省略 to），D 为过去分词（被动关系），故选 B。 16.The ______ of this new technology has greatly improved our work efficiency.（ ） A. invent B. invention C. inventor D. inventive 【答案】B 【解析】考查构词法（名词后缀 - ion）。定冠词 the 后接名词，invention（发明）符合 “新技术的发明提高效率” 的语境；invent 为动词，inventor（发明者）与语境不符，inventive 为形容词，故选 B。 17.It’s important for us ______ the rules of the school.（ ） A. follow B. following C. to follow D. followed 【答案】C 【解析】考查非谓语动词（不定式作真正主语）。固定句型 It’s important for sb. to do sth.，it 为形式主语，真正主语是不定式 to follow。A 为动词原形，B 为动名词，D 为过去式，故选 C。 18.This kind of food is ______ for our health. We should eat less of it.（ ） A. harmful B. harmless C. harmfully D. harm 【答案】A 【解析】考查构词法（形容词后缀 - ful）。系动词 is 后接形容词，根据 “少吃” 可知 “有害健康”，harmful（有害的）符合语境；harmless（无害的）与语境相反，harmfully 为副词，harm 为名词 / 动词，故选 A。 19.Having ______ his homework, he went out to play with his friends.（ ） A. finish B. finishing C. to finish D. finished 【答案】D 【解析】考查非谓语动词（现在分词完成式）。“完成作业” 发生在 “出去玩” 之前，用现在分词完成式 having finished，表 “动作先后”。A 为动词原形，B 为现在分词（无先后关系），C 为不定式（表目的），故选 D。 20.The teacher asked the students to be ______ in class and listen carefully.（ ） A. attention B. attentive C. attentively D. attentiveness 【答案】B 【解析】考查构词法（形容词后缀 - ive）。be 动词后接形容词，attentive（专心的）符合 “认真听讲” 的语境；attention 为名词，attentively 为副词，attentiveness 为名词，故选 B。二、完形填空（阅读下面短文，从短文后各题的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出适合填入对应空白处的最佳选项。共10小题，每小题2分, 满分20分。） When I was in high school, I had a difficult time 1____ math. No matter how hard I tried, I couldn’t get good grades. My teacher, Mr. Li, noticed my 2____ and decided to help me. He said, “Math is not as 3___ as you think. You just need to find the right way to learn it.” Every afternoon after school, Mr. Li spent an hour 4____ me with my math problems. He taught me how to break down difficult questions into small parts and solve them step by step. He also encouraged me 5____ afraid of making mistakes, saying that mistakes are part of learning. With Mr. Li’s help, I started to feel more 6____ in math. I began to practice every day and joined a math study group. The group members helped each other and shared different ways of solving problems. Slowly, my math skills 7 ____and I started to get better grades. In the final exam, I got an A in math. I was so excited that I ran to tell Mr. Li the good news. He smiled and said, “I knew you could do it! Your hard work has 8____ off.” This experience taught me a valuable lesson: nothing is impossible if you put your heart into it. It also made me realize the importance of having a good teacher and friends who support you. Now, I am studying math in college and I still remember Mr. Li’s 9____ words. Whenever I face difficulties, I think of his encouragement and keep 10____. 1.A. learn B. learning C. to learn D. learned 2.A. struggle B. struggling C. struggled D. struggles 3.A. difficult B. more difficult C. most difficult D. difficulty 4.A. help B. helping C. to help D. helped 5.A. not be B. not to be C. don’t be D. not being 6.A. confident B. confidently C. confidence D. confidential 7.A. improve B. improved C. are improved D. were improved 8.A. taken B. got C. paid D. turned 9.A. encourage B. encouraging C. encouraged D. encouragement 10.A. try B. trying C. to try D. tried 【答案】1-5 B D A B B 6-10 A D C B B 【导语】 本文讲述了作者高中时数学学习困难，在李老师的耐心帮助和鼓励下，通过每天练习、加入学习小组等方式，逐渐克服困难并在期末考试中取得优异成绩的故事，传递了 “只要用心，一切皆有可能” 的正能量。 【详解】第 1 题：B（learning） 考查非谓语动词（动名词作宾语）。固定搭配 have a difficult time doing sth.，表示 “做某事有困难”，故用 learning。A 为动词原形，C 为不定式，D 为过去式，均不符合搭配，故选 B。 第 2 题：D（struggles） 考查构词法（名词复数）。形容词性物主代词 my 后接名词，struggle（挣扎；困难）为可数名词，此处表 “我的困难”，用复数形式 struggles。A 为动词原形 / 单数名词，B 为现在分词，C 为过去式，故选 D。 第 3 题：A（difficult） 考查形容词原级。as + 形容词原级 + as 表示 “和…… 一样”，此处指 “数学不像你想的那么难”，用 difficult 原级。B 为比较级，C 为最高级，D 为名词，均不符合结构，故选 A。 第 4 题：B（helping） 考查非谓语动词（动名词作宾语）。固定搭配 spend time doing sth.，表示 “花费时间做某事”，故用 helping。A 为动词原形，C 为不定式，D 为过去式，故选 B。 第 5 题：B（not to be） 考查非谓语动词（不定式的否定形式）。固定搭配 encourage sb. not to do sth.，表示 “鼓励某人不要做某事”，be afraid of 为固定短语，故用 not to be。A 缺少 to，C 为祈使句否定形式，D 为动名词，故选 B。 第 6 题：A（confident） 考查构词法（形容词）。系动词 feel 后接形容词，confident（自信的）符合 “在老师帮助下变得自信” 的语境。B 为副词，C 为名词，D 为 “机密的”（词义不符），故选 A。 第 7 题：D（were improved） 考查动词时态和语态。主语 my math skills 与 improve（提高）是被动关系（技能被提高），且文章讲述过去的事，用一般过去时被动语态 were improved。A 为一般现在时主动，B 为一般过去时主动，C 为现在完成时被动，故选 D。 第 8 题：C（paid） 考查固定搭配。pay off 表示 “得到回报”，符合 “努力得到回报” 的语境。A（taken off 起飞）、B（got off 下车）、D（turned off 关闭）均不符合句意，故选 C。 第 9 题：B（encouraging） 考查构词法（形容词 - ing 形式）。修饰名词 words 需用形容词，encouraging（令人鼓舞的）修饰事物（话语），符合语境。A 为动词原形，C 为过去分词（修饰人），D 为名词，故选 B。 第 10 题：B（trying） 考查非谓语动词（动名词作宾语）。固定搭配 keep doing sth.，表示 “持续做某事”，此处指 “持续努力”，用 trying。A 为动词原形，C 为不定式，D 为过去式，故选 B。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 编写说明：2026陕西省（职教单招）二轮复习《英语考纲专题练》依据最新版《中等职业学校英语课程标准》、省编复习指导及历年真题编写。本资料紧扣历年考试趋势和最新考试动态，聚焦高频考点，精讲精练，共覆盖包括各类语法和题型的17个专题，助力考生高效复习。同时，为构建完整学习体系，每个专题均配套对应讲义和AB卷习题，满足多样化学习需求。 本专题是2026版陕西省（职教单招）二轮复习《英语考纲专题练》的第7个专题，内容为非谓语动词、构词法。 2026版陕西省（对口招生）二轮复习《英语考纲专题练》 专题7 非谓语动词、构词法（A卷·基础巩固） 考试时间：20分钟 满分：100分 班级 姓名 学号 成绩 一、单项选择（共20小题；每小题4分，满分 80分） 从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 1.We are looking forward to ______ from you soon.（ ） A. hear B. hearing C. heard D. to hear 2.The ______ news made all of us very excited.（ ） A. surprise B. surprised C. surprising D. surprisingly 3.My parents told me ______ too much time playing computer games.（ ） A. not to spend B. not spend C. to not spend D. don’t spend 4.This is a ______ machine. It can help us finish the work quickly.（ ） A. use B. useful C. useless D. usefully 5.______ English well, we need to practice speaking as much as possible.（ ） A. Learn B. Learning C. To learn D. Learned 6.He is a ______ worker. He always finishes his tasks on time.（ ） A. rely B. reliable C. reliably D. reliability 7.The girl ______ in red is my classmate. She sings very well.（ ） A. dress B. dressing C. dressed D. to dress 8.It’s ______ to solve this problem in five minutes. Let’s ask the teacher for help.（ ） A. possible B. impossible C. possibly D. impossibly 9.They decided ______ a picnic in the park this weekend.（ ） A. have B. having C. to have D. had 10.The ______ child was crying because he couldn’t find his mother.（ ） A. frighten B. frightened C. frightening D. frightfully 11.______ by the teacher’s words, the students studied harder than before.（ ） A. Encourage B. Encouraging C. Encouraged D. To encourage 12.This book is ______ than the one I read last month.（ ） A. helpful B. more helpful C. most helpful D. the most helpful 13.Would you mind ______ the window? It’s a little cold outside.（ ） A. close B. closing C. to close D. closed 14.She is an ______ student. She always gets good grades in exams.（ ） A. usual B. unusual C. usually D. unusually 15.I saw Tom ______ basketball on the playground when I passed by.（ ） A. play B. playing C. to play D. played 16.The ______ of this new technology has greatly improved our work efficiency.（ ） A. invent B. invention C. inventor D. inventive 17.It’s important for us ______ the rules of the school.（ ） A. follow B. following C. to follow D. followed 18.This kind of food is ______ for our health. We should eat less of it.（ ） A. harmful B. harmless C. harmfully D. harm 19.Having ______ his homework, he went out to play with his friends.（ ） A. finish B. finishing C. to finish D. finished 20.The teacher asked the students to be ______ in class and listen carefully.（ ） A. attention B. attentive C. attentively D. attentiveness 二、完形填空（阅读下面短文，从短文后各题的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出适合填入对应空白处的最佳选项。共10小题，每小题2分, 满分20分。） When I was in high school, I had a difficult time 1____ math. No matter how hard I tried, I couldn’t get good grades. My teacher, Mr. Li, noticed my 2____ and decided to help me. He said, “Math is not as 3___ as you think. You just need to find the right way to learn it.” Every afternoon after school, Mr. Li spent an hour 4____ me with my math problems. He taught me how to break down difficult questions into small parts and solve them step by step. He also encouraged me 5____ afraid of making mistakes, saying that mistakes are part of learning. With Mr. Li’s help, I started to feel more 6____ in math. I began to practice every day and joined a math study group. The group members helped each other and shared different ways of solving problems. Slowly, my math skills 7 ____and I started to get better grades. In the final exam, I got an A in math. I was so excited that I ran to tell Mr. Li the good news. He smiled and said, “I knew you could do it! Your hard work has 8____ off.” This experience taught me a valuable lesson: nothing is impossible if you put your heart into it. It also made me realize the importance of having a good teacher and friends who support you. Now, I am studying math in college and I still remember Mr. Li’s 9____ words. Whenever I face difficulties, I think of his encouragement and keep 10____. 1.A. learn B. learning C. to learn D. learned 2.A. struggle B. struggling C. struggled D. struggles 3.A. difficult B. more difficult C. most difficult D. difficulty 4.A. help B. helping C. to help D. helped 5.A. not be B. not to be C. don’t be D. not being 6.A. confident B. confidently C. confidence D. confidential 7.A. improve B. improved C. are improved D. were improved 8.A. taken B. got C. paid D. turned 9.A. encourage B. encouraging C. encouraged D. encouragement 10.A. try B. trying C. to try D. tried 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $