专题4 动词和动词短语（A卷·基础巩固）-2026版陕西省（对口招生）二轮复习《英语考纲专题练》（原卷版+解析版）

编写说明：2026陕西省（职教单招）二轮复习《英语考纲专题练》依据最新版《中等职业学校英语课程标准》、省编复习指导及历年真题编写。本资料紧扣历年考试趋势和最新考试动态，聚焦高频考点，精讲精练，共覆盖包括各类语法和题型的17个专题，助力考生高效复习。同时，为构建完整学习体系，每个专题均配套对应讲义和AB卷习题，满足多样化学习需求。 本专题是2026版陕西省（职教单招）二轮复习《英语考纲专题练》的第4个专题，内容为动词和动词短语。 2026版陕西省（对口招生）二轮复习《英语考纲专题练》 专题4 动词和动词短语（A卷·基础巩固） 考试时间：20分钟 满分：100分 班级 姓名 学号 成绩 一、单项选择（共20小题；每小题4分，满分 80分） 从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 1.We ______ a lot of progress in English since last semester.（ ） A. make B. made C. have made D. will make 【答案】C 【解析】考查动词时态。since last semester（自上学期以来）是现在完成时标志词，结构为 “have/has + 过去分词”，make 的过去分词为 made。A 为一般现在时，B 为一般过去时，D 为一般将来时，均不符合时态要求，故选 C。 2.The teacher asked us to ______ attention to the new words in the passage.（ ） A. pay B. give C. take D. put 【答案】A 【解析】考查动词短语固定搭配。pay attention to 为固定短语，意为 “注意”。B、C、D 均不能与 attention 构成正确搭配，故选 A。 3.My parents ______ me to study abroad after college, but I haven’t decided yet.（ ） A. suggest B. hope C. encourage D. let 【答案】C 【解析】考查动词用法辨析。encourage sb. to do sth.（鼓励某人做某事）符合句式要求；A suggest 后接 doing 或 that 从句，不接 sb. to do；B hope 后接 to do 或 that 从句，无 hope sb. to do 结构；D let 后接动词原形（let sb. do），故选 C。 4.The meeting will ______ at 3 o’clock and finish at 5 o’clock.（ ） A. start B. begin with C. end D. close 【答案】A 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。根据 “finish at 5 o’clock” 可知前文表 “开始”，start（开始）为及物动词，后可直接接时间；B begin with 后接宾语（如 begin with a speech）；C、D 均表 “结束”，与 finish 语义重复，故选 A。 5.You should ______ the habit of reading English every morning.（ ） A. develop B. invent C. find D. discover 【答案】A 【解析】考查动词固定搭配。develop the habit of 为固定短语，意为 “养成…… 的习惯”。B invent（发明）、C find（找到）、D discover（发现）均不能与 habit 搭配，故选 A。 6.The bad weather ______ us from going hiking last weekend.（ ） A. stopped B. allowed C. encouraged D. helped 【答案】A 【解析】考查动词短语。stop sb. from doing sth.（阻止某人做某事）符合语境；B allow sb. to do（允许某人做）、C encourage sb. to do（鼓励某人做）、D help sb. (to) do（帮助某人做）均与 “坏天气” 的语境矛盾，故选 A。 7.He ______ his phone at home this morning, so he couldn’t answer our calls.（ ） A. forgot B. left C. missed D. lost 【答案】B 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。表示 “把某物落在某地” 用 leave，过去式为 left；A forgot 后接 to do/doing，不接地点状语；C missed（错过）、D lost（丢失，表永久失去）均不符合 “落在家里” 的语境，故选 B。 8.The company plans to ______ a new factory in the industrial park next year.（ ） A. set up B. take up C. look up D. give up 【答案】A 【解析】考查动词短语辨析。set up（建立，创办）符合 “新建工厂” 的语境；B take up（占据，开始学习）、C look up（查阅，抬头看）、D give up（放弃）均与题意不符，故选 A。 9.She ______ English for 10 years, so she can speak it fluently.（ ） A. learns B. learned C. has learned D. will learn 【答案】C 【解析】考查动词时态。for 10 years（持续 10 年）是现在完成时标志，结构为 “have/has + 过去分词”，learn 的过去分词为 learned。A 为一般现在时，B 为一般过去时，D 为一般将来时，故选 C。 10.Could you please ______ me a hand with carrying these boxes?（ ） A. lend B. borrow C. give D. help 【答案】C 【解析】考查动词短语固定搭配。give sb. a hand=help sb.，意为 “帮助某人”；A lend（借出）、B borrow（借入）均与 hand 搭配不当；D help 后直接接 sb.，无需加 a hand，故选 C。 11.The students ______ their classroom every Friday afternoon.（ ） A. clean B. cleaned C. will clean D. are cleaning 【答案】A 【解析】考查动词时态。every Friday afternoon（每周五下午）是一般现在时标志，主语 students 为复数，谓语动词用原形 clean。B 为一般过去时，C 为一般将来时，D 为现在进行时，故选 A。 12.He ______ to the party last night because he was busy with his work.（ ） A. didn’t come B. wouldn’t come C. hasn’t come D. doesn’t come 【答案】A 【解析】考查动词时态。last night（昨晚）是一般过去时标志，否定形式为 “didn’t + 动词原形”；B wouldn’t 表 “过去不愿”，C 为现在完成时，D 为一般现在时，均不符合时间状语要求，故选 A。 13.The doctor advised him to ______ smoking for his health.（ ） A. put up B. give up C. take up D. pick up 【答案】B 【解析】考查动词短语辨析。give up smoking（戒烟）符合 “为健康” 的语境；A put up（张贴，举起）、C take up（占据）、D pick up（捡起，学会）均与 smoking 搭配不当，故选 B。 14.We ______ each other since we met at the conference three years ago.（ ） A. know B. knew C. have known D. will know 【答案】C 【解析】考查动词时态。since（自从…… 以来）是现在完成时标志，know 的过去分词为 known。A 为一般现在时，B 为一般过去时，D 为一般将来时，故选 C。 15.The little girl ______ her mother’s hand tightly when she crossed the street.（ ） A. held B. caught C. took D. grabbed 【答案】A 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。hold one’s hand（握住某人的手）强调 “紧紧握住”，符合过马路的语境；B catch（抓住，表突然抓住）、C take（拿，取）、D grab（抢夺，抓取）均无 “紧握” 的含义，故选 A。 16.The project ______ by the end of next month, so we need to work hard.（ ） A. will finish B. will be finished C. finishes D. is finished 【答案】B 【解析】考查动词时态和语态。by the end of next month（到下月底）是一般将来时标志，project 与 finish 为被动关系，故用一般将来时的被动语态 “will be + 过去分词”。A 为主动语态，C 为一般现在时，D 为一般现在时被动语态，故选 B。 17.He ______ a lot of time practicing playing the guitar every day.（ ） A. spends B. takes C. costs D. pays 【答案】A 【解析】考查动词固定搭配。spend time doing sth.（花费时间做某事）是固定结构；B take 常用 it 作形式主语（It takes sb. time to do）；C cost 的主语是物（sth. costs sb. money）；D pay 后接 for（pay for sth.），故选 A。 18.The teacher ______ the exam papers to the students as soon as the bell rang.（ ） A. gave out B. gave up C. gave in D. gave away 【答案】A 【解析】考查动词短语辨析。gave out（分发）符合 “发试卷” 的语境；B gave up（放弃）、C gave in（屈服）、D gave away（赠送，泄露）均与题意不符，故选 A。 19.I ______ to visit my grandparents this weekend, but I have to change the plan because of the rain.（ ） A. planned B. plan C. have planned D. will plan 【答案】A 【解析】考查动词时态。“计划” 发生在 “改变计划” 之前，是过去的动作，用一般过去时 planned。B 为一般现在时，C 为现在完成时，D 为一般将来时，均不符合逻辑，故选 A。 20.They ______ a new bridge over the river to connect the two villages.（ ） A. build B. are building C. built D. will build 【答案】B 【解析】考查动词时态。结合语境 “为连接两个村庄”，可知 “建桥” 是正在进行的动作，用现在进行时 “are + 现在分词”。A 为一般现在时，C 为一般过去时，D 为一般将来时，故选 B。 二、单词拼写（根据下列各句句意和汉语提示，在句中所给的横线上写出空缺单词的正确形式，每空只写一词。共10小题，每小题2分, 满分20分。） 1.We should ______ (尊重) the elderly and help them when they are in need. 【答案】respect 【解析】考查动词拼写。“尊重” 对应的英文为 respect，情态动词 should 后接动词原形，故填 respect。 2.The ______ (温度) will drop below zero tomorrow, so please wear warm clothes. 【答案】temperature 【解析】考查名词拼写。“温度” 对应的英文为 temperature，为不可数名词，故填 temperature。 3.She ______ (成功) in passing the driving test after practicing for three months. 【答案】succeeded 【解析】考查动词拼写和时态。“成功” 对应的动词为 succeed，根据 “after practicing for three months” 可知用一般过去时，succeed 的过去式为 succeeded，故填 succeeded。 4.It’s important to ______ (保持) a balance between work and rest. 【答案】keep 【解析】考查动词拼写。“保持” 对应的英文为 keep，It’s important to 后接动词原形，故填 keep。 5.The ______ (政府) is taking measures to protect the environment. 【答案】government 【解析】考查名词拼写。“政府” 对应的英文为 government，根据 is 可知用单数形式，故填 government。 6.He ______ (邀请) his classmates to his birthday party next Saturday. 【答案】will invite 【解析】考查动词拼写和时态。“邀请” 对应的英文为 invite，根据 “next Saturday” 可知用一般将来时，故填 will invite。 7.The ______ (环境) around us is getting better and better with people’s efforts. 【答案】environment 【解析】考查名词拼写。“环境” 对应的英文为 environment，为不可数名词，故填 environment。 8.We must ______ (遵守) the school rules when we are at school. 【答案】obey 【解析】考查动词拼写。“遵守” 对应的英文为 obey，情态动词 must 后接动词原形，故填 obey。 9.The ______ (发展) of technology has changed our life greatly. 【答案】development 【解析】考查名词拼写。“发展” 对应的名词为 development，由 the 和 of 可知此处用名词形式，故填 development。 10.She ______ (花费) two hours doing her homework every evening. 【答案】spends 【解析】考查动词拼写和时态。“花费” 对应的动词为 spend，根据 “every evening” 可知用一般现在时，主语 she 为第三人称单数，spend 的第三人称单数形式为 spends，故填 spends。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 编写说明：2026陕西省（职教单招）二轮复习《英语考纲专题练》依据最新版《中等职业学校英语课程标准》、省编复习指导及历年真题编写。本资料紧扣历年考试趋势和最新考试动态，聚焦高频考点，精讲精练，共覆盖包括各类语法和题型的17个专题，助力考生高效复习。同时，为构建完整学习体系，每个专题均配套对应讲义和AB卷习题，满足多样化学习需求。 本专题是2026版陕西省（职教单招）二轮复习《英语考纲专题练》的第4个专题，内容为动词和动词短语。 2026版陕西省（对口招生）二轮复习《英语考纲专题练》 专题4 动词和动词短语（A卷·基础巩固） 考试时间：20分钟 满分：100分 班级 姓名 学号 成绩 一、单项选择（共20小题；每小题4分，满分 80分） 从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 1.We ______ a lot of progress in English since last semester.（ ） A. make B. made C. have made D. will make 2.The teacher asked us to ______ attention to the new words in the passage.（ ） A. pay B. give C. take D. put 3.My parents ______ me to study abroad after college, but I haven’t decided yet.（ ） A. suggest B. hope C. encourage D. let 4.The meeting will ______ at 3 o’clock and finish at 5 o’clock.（ ） A. start B. begin with C. end D. close 5.You should ______ the habit of reading English every morning.（ ） A. develop B. invent C. find D. discover 6.The bad weather ______ us from going hiking last weekend.（ ） A. stopped B. allowed C. encouraged D. helped 7.He ______ his phone at home this morning, so he couldn’t answer our calls.（ ） A. forgot B. left C. missed D. lost 8.The company plans to ______ a new factory in the industrial park next year.（ ） A. set up B. take up C. look up D. give up 9.She ______ English for 10 years, so she can speak it fluently.（ ） A. learns B. learned C. has learned D. will learn 10.Could you please ______ me a hand with carrying these boxes?（ ） A. lend B. borrow C. give D. help 11.The students ______ their classroom every Friday afternoon.（ ） A. clean B. cleaned C. will clean D. are cleaning 12.He ______ to the party last night because he was busy with his work.（ ） A. didn’t come B. wouldn’t come C. hasn’t come D. doesn’t come 13.The doctor advised him to ______ smoking for his health.（ ） A. put up B. give up C. take up D. pick up 14.We ______ each other since we met at the conference three years ago.（ ） A. know B. knew C. have known D. will know 15.The little girl ______ her mother’s hand tightly when she crossed the street.（ ） A. held B. caught C. took D. grabbed 16.The project ______ by the end of next month, so we need to work hard.（ ） A. will finish B. will be finished C. finishes D. is finished 17.He ______ a lot of time practicing playing the guitar every day.（ ） A. spends B. takes C. costs D. pays 18.The teacher ______ the exam papers to the students as soon as the bell rang.（ ） A. gave out B. gave up C. gave in D. gave away 19.I ______ to visit my grandparents this weekend, but I have to change the plan because of the rain.（ ） A. planned B. plan C. have planned D. will plan 20.They ______ a new bridge over the river to connect the two villages.（ ） A. build B. are building C. built D. will build 二、单词拼写（根据下列各句句意和汉语提示，在句中所给的横线上写出空缺单词的正确形式，每空只写一词。共10小题，每小题2分, 满分20分。） 1.We should ______ (尊重) the elderly and help them when they are in need. 2.The ______ (温度) will drop below zero tomorrow, so please wear warm clothes. 3.She ______ (成功) in passing the driving test after practicing for three months. 4.It’s important to ______ (保持) a balance between work and rest. 5.The ______ (政府) is taking measures to protect the environment. 6.He ______ (邀请) his classmates to his birthday party next Saturday. 7.The ______ (环境) around us is getting better and better with people’s efforts. 8.We must ______ (遵守) the school rules when we are at school. 9.The ______ (发展) of technology has changed our life greatly. 10.She ______ (花费) two hours doing her homework every evening. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $