专题7 非谓语动词与情态动词（A卷·基础达标）-2026版福建省（学业水平考试）二轮复习《英语考纲专题练》（原卷版+解析版）

编写说明：2026版福建省（学业水平考试）二轮复习《英语考纲专题练》严格依据最新版《中等职业学校英语课程标准》和《福建省中等职业学校学业水平考试<中职英语>科目考试说明》编写，结合福建省命题特点与考情趋势，系统梳理高频考点，强化实战能力。共设15个专题，涵盖语言知识、题型专练、综合素养和实战冲刺四大模块，每个专题包含：讲义和习题AB卷，A卷为基础达标，B卷为能力拓展。 本专题是2026版福建省（学业水平考试）二轮复习《英语考纲专题练》的第7个专题，内容为非谓语动词与情态动词。 2026版福建省（学业水平考试）二轮复习《英语考纲专题练》 专题7 非谓语动词与情态动词（A卷·基础达标） 考试时间：20分钟 满分：100分 班级 姓名 学号 成绩 一、非谓语动词单项选择题（共 25 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 50 分） 从每题所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中，选出与句意相符的最佳选项。 1. He wants ______ a doctor in the future. A. be B. to be C. being 2. My mother told me ______ too much time playing computer games. A. not to spend B. not spend C. not spending 3. We enjoyed ______ the beautiful scenery during the trip. A. see B. to see C. seeing 4. It's important ______ enough sleep every day. A. have B. to have C. having 5. She decided ______ a course in English to improve her language skills. A. take B. to take C. taking 6. The teacher encouraged us ______ more questions in class. A. ask B. to ask C. asking 7. I have finished ______ my homework. Now I can watch TV. A. do B. to do C. doing 8. They plan ______ to Beijing for their summer holiday. A. travel B. to travel C. traveling 9. The film is very moving. It makes me ______ deeply. A. cry B. to cry C. crying 10. Would you mind ______ the window? It's too hot in the room. A. open B. to open C. opening 11. He tried ______ the math problem, but he failed. A. solve B. to solve C. solving 12. We need ______ careful when crossing the street. A. be B. to be C. being 13. The book ______ by Mo Yan is very popular among young readers. A. written B. writing C. write 14. I saw him ______ basketball on the playground just now. A. play B. to play C. playing 15. It's no use ______ about the past. We should focus on the future. A. worry B. to worry C. worrying 16. She hopes ______ her grandparents next weekend. A. visit B. to visit C. visiting 17. The student was asked ______ his composition again. A. rewrite B. to rewrite C. rewriting 18. ______ English well, we need to practice speaking every day. A. Learn B. To learn C. Learning 19. He is interested in ______ model planes. A. make B. to make C. making 20. The broken bike needs ______ as soon as possible. A. repair B. to repair C. to be repaired 21. I remember ______ him somewhere before, but I can't recall his name. A. meet B. to meet C. meeting 22. The teacher told us ______ quiet in the library. A. keep B. to keep C. keeping 23. ______ by the teacher's words, the students worked harder than before. A. Encourage B. Encouraged C. Encouraging 24. My parents expect me ______ a good university after graduation. A. enter B. to enter C. entering 25. It's difficult ______ the difference between the two words. A. tell B. to tell C. telling 二、情态动词单项选择题（共 25 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 50 分） 从每题所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中，选出与句意相符的最佳选项。 26. You ______ finish your homework before watching TV. It's a rule. A. must B. can C. may 27. — ______ I use your pen? Mine is broken. — Sure, here you are. A. Must B. Need C. May 28. He ______ be at home now. His car is still in the parking lot. A. must B. can't C. may not 29. You ______ not smoke in public places. It's against the law. A. can B. must C. may 30. — ______ you swim? — Yes, I can. And I can swim very fast. A. Must B. Can C. Need 31. She ______ have missed the bus. Otherwise she would have arrived here on time. A. must B. can C. may 32. You ______ take an umbrella with you. It's going to rain. A. should B. can C. may 33. — Must I hand in my report today? — No, you ______. You can hand it in tomorrow. A. mustn't B. needn't C. can't 34. He ______ speak English very well when he was only five years old. A. could B. must C. should 35. We ______ protect the environment. It's everyone's responsibility. A. can B. must C. may 36. — ______ I borrow this book for two weeks? — Yes, you can. But you must return it on time. A. Can B. Must C. Need 37. She ______ not be feeling well. She looks pale. A. must B. can C. may 38. You ______ not drive after drinking alcohol. It's dangerous. A. must B. can C. may 39. — Can you come to my birthday party tomorrow? — I'm not sure. I ______ have to help my mother with housework. A. must B. might C. should 40. Children ______ be accompanied by adults when they visit the museum. A. must B. can C. may 41. He ______ have forgotten the meeting. He was reminded of it this morning. A. can't B. must C. may 42. You ______ ask for help if you don't understand the problem. A. should B. must C. need 43. — May I open the window? — Yes, you ______. It's a bit stuffy in the room. A. must B. can C. need 44. They ______ arrive here early tomorrow. The train is scheduled to depart at 7 a.m. A. should B. can C. may 45. You ______ not touch the machine. It's still working. A. must B. can C. may 46. She ______ speak three languages fluently. She is really talented. A. can B. must C. should 47. — Must we finish the project this week? — Yes, you ______. The deadline is next Monday. A. must B. can C. may 48. He ______ not be at the office. I called him several times but no one answered. A. must B. can't C. may 49. We ______ save water and electricity in our daily life. A. should B. can C. may 50. — Can he play the piano? — No, he ______. He has never learned it. A. can't B. mustn't C. needn't 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 编写说明：2026版福建省（学业水平考试）二轮复习《英语考纲专题练》严格依据最新版《中等职业学校英语课程标准》和《福建省中等职业学校学业水平考试<中职英语>科目考试说明》编写，结合福建省命题特点与考情趋势，系统梳理高频考点，强化实战能力。共设15个专题，涵盖语言知识、题型专练、综合素养和实战冲刺四大模块，每个专题包含：讲义和习题AB卷，A卷为基础达标，B卷为能力拓展。 本专题是2026版福建省（学业水平考试）二轮复习《英语考纲专题练》的第7个专题，内容为非谓语动词与情态动词。 2026版福建省（学业水平考试）二轮复习《英语考纲专题练》 专题7 非谓语动词与情态动词（A卷·基础达标） 考试时间：20分钟 满分：100分 班级 姓名 学号 成绩 一、非谓语动词单项选择题（共 25 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 50 分） 从每题所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中，选出与句意相符的最佳选项。 1. He wants ______ a doctor in the future. A. be B. to be C. being 【答案】B 【详解】考查动词不定式用法。句意 “他将来想成为一名医生。”。“want to do sth” 为固定搭配，意为 “想要做某事”；be 动词原形和 being 形式均不与 want 搭配。故选 B。 2. My mother told me ______ too much time playing computer games. A. not to spend B. not spend C. not spending 【答案】A 【详解】考查动词不定式的否定形式。句意 “妈妈告诉我不要花太多时间玩电脑游戏。”。“tell sb not to do sth” 为固定结构，意为 “告诉某人不要做某事”；not 后需接不定式符号 to，再跟动词原形。故选 A。 3. We enjoyed ______ the beautiful scenery during the trip. A. see B. to see C. seeing 【答案】C 【详解】考查动名词用法。句意 “我们在旅行中很喜欢欣赏美丽的风景。”。“enjoy doing sth” 为固定搭配，意为 “喜欢做某事”；see 的不定式和原形形式均不适用。故选 C。 4. It's important ______ enough sleep every day. A. have B. to have C. having 【答案】B 【详解】考查动词不定式作主语。句意 “每天有充足的睡眠很重要。”。“It's + 形容词 + to do sth” 为固定句型，其中 it 为形式主语，真正主语是后面的不定式结构；have 的原形和动名词形式不符合该句型要求。故选 B。 5. She decided ______ a course in English to improve her language skills. A. take B. to take C. taking 【答案】B 【详解】考查动词不定式用法。句意 “她决定报一门英语课程来提高自己的语言能力。”。“decide to do sth” 为固定搭配，意为 “决定做某事”；take 的原形和动名词形式均不与 decide 搭配。故选 B。 6. The teacher encouraged us ______ more questions in class. A. ask B. to ask C. asking 【答案】B 【详解】考查动词不定式用法。句意 “老师鼓励我们在课堂上多提问。”。“encourage sb to do sth” 为固定搭配，意为 “鼓励某人做某事”；ask 的原形和动名词形式不符合该搭配要求。故选 B。 7. I have finished ______ my homework. Now I can watch TV. A. do B. to do C. doing 【答案】C 【详解】考查动名词用法。句意 “我已经做完家庭作业了，现在可以看电视了。”。“finish doing sth” 为固定搭配，意为 “完成做某事”；do 的原形和不定式形式均不适用。故选 C。 8. They plan ______ to Beijing for their summer holiday. A. travel B. to travel C. traveling 【答案】B 【详解】考查动词不定式用法。句意 “他们计划暑假去北京旅行。”。“plan to do sth” 为固定搭配，意为 “计划做某事”；travel 的原形和动名词形式均不与 plan 搭配。故选 B。 9. The film is very moving. It makes me ______ deeply. A. cry B. to cry C. crying 【答案】A 【详解】考查使役动词的用法。句意 “这部电影非常感人，让我深受感动而哭泣。”。“make sb do sth” 为固定结构，意为 “使某人做某事”，省略不定式符号 to；to cry 和 crying 形式均不符合要求。故选 A。 10. Would you mind ______ the window? It's too hot in the room. A. open B. to open C. opening 【答案】C 【详解】考查动名词用法。句意 “你介意打开窗户吗？房间里太热了。”。“mind doing sth” 为固定搭配，意为 “介意做某事”；open 的原形和不定式形式均不适用。故选 C。 11. He tried ______ the math problem, but he failed. A. solve B. to solve C. solving 【答案】B 【详解】考查动词不定式用法。句意 “他试图解决这道数学题，但失败了。”。“try to do sth” 为固定搭配，意为 “试图做某事”，强调努力的过程；trying doing sth 表示 “尝试做某事”，侧重试验，此处语境更侧重努力解决问题。故选 B。 12. We need ______ careful when crossing the street. A. be B. to be C. being 【答案】B 【详解】考查动词不定式用法。句意 “过马路时我们需要小心。”。“need to do sth” 为固定搭配，意为 “需要做某事”；careful 为形容词，需与 be 动词连用，构成不定式结构 to be careful。故选 B。 13. The book ______ by Mo Yan is very popular among young readers. A. written B. writing C. write 【答案】A 【详解】考查过去分词用法。句意 “莫言写的这本书在年轻读者中很受欢迎。”。written 为过去分词，作后置定语，修饰 book，表被动关系（书被写）；writing 为现在分词，表主动；write 为动词原形，均不符合语境。故选 A。 14. I saw him ______ basketball on the playground just now. A. play B. to play C. playing 【答案】A 【详解】考查感官动词的用法。句意 “我刚才看见他在操场上打篮球了。”。“see sb do sth” 表示 “看见某人做某事的全过程”；“see sb doing sth” 表示 “看见某人正在做某事”，此处 just now 强调动作已完成的全过程。故选 A。 15. It's no use ______ about the past. We should focus on the future. A. worry B. to worry C. worrying 【答案】C 【详解】考查动名词用法。句意 “为过去担心是没用的，我们应该关注未来。”。“It's no use doing sth” 为固定句型，意为 “做某事是没用的”；worry 的原形和不定式形式均不符合该句型。故选 C。 16. She hopes ______ her grandparents next weekend. A. visit B. to visit C. visiting 【答案】B 【详解】考查动词不定式用法。句意 “她希望下周末去看望祖父母。”。“hope to do sth” 为固定搭配，意为 “希望做某事”；visit 的原形和动名词形式均不与 hope 搭配。故选 B。 17. The student was asked ______ his composition again. A. rewrite B. to rewrite C. rewriting 【答案】B 【详解】考查动词不定式的被动用法。句意 “这个学生被要求重写他的作文。”。“ask sb to do sth” 的被动形式为 “sb be asked to do sth”，意为 “某人被要求做某事”；rewrite 的原形和动名词形式均不符合被动结构要求。故选 B。 18. ______ English well, we need to practice speaking every day. A. Learn B. To learn C. Learning 【答案】B 【详解】考查动词不定式作目的状语。句意 “为了学好英语，我们需要每天练习口语。”。to learn 为不定式结构，作目的状语，表 “为了……”；learn 为原形，不能作状语；learning 为动名词，表伴随或方式，不符合语境。故选 B。 19. He is interested in ______ model planes. A. make B. to make C. making 【答案】C 【详解】考查动名词用法。句意 “他对制作飞机模型感兴趣。”。“be interested in doing sth” 为固定搭配，意为 “对做某事感兴趣”；make 的原形和不定式形式均不适用。故选 C。 20. The broken bike needs ______ as soon as possible. A. repair B. to repair C. to be repaired 【答案】C 【详解】考查动词不定式的被动形式。句意 “这辆坏掉的自行车需要尽快修理。”。need 后可接 to be done 或 doing 表被动，意为 “需要被……”；repair 为原形，to repair 为主动形式，均不符合语境（自行车被修理）。故选 C。 21. I remember ______ him somewhere before, but I can't recall his name. A. meet B. to meet C. meeting 【答案】C 【详解】考查动名词用法。句意 “我记得以前在某个地方见过他，但想不起他的名字了。”。“remember doing sth” 表示 “记得做过某事”，强调动作已发生；“remember to do sth” 表示 “记得要做某事”，动作未发生，此处语境为 “见过”。故选 C。 22. The teacher told us ______ quiet in the library. A. keep B. to keep C. keeping 【答案】B 【详解】考查动词不定式用法。句意 “老师告诉我们在图书馆要保持安静。”。“tell sb to do sth” 为固定搭配，意为 “告诉某人做某事”；keep 为形容词 quiet 的系动词，构成不定式结构 to keep quiet。故选 B。 23. ______ by the teacher's words, the students worked harder than before. A. Encourage B. Encouraged C. Encouraging 【答案】B 【详解】考查过去分词用法。句意 “受到老师话语的鼓励，学生们比以前更努力学习了。”。encouraged 为过去分词，作状语，表被动（学生被鼓励）；encourage 为原形，encouraging 为现在分词表主动，均不符合语境。故选 B。 24. My parents expect me ______ a good university after graduation. A. enter B. to enter C. entering 【答案】B 【详解】考查动词不定式用法。句意 “父母期望我毕业后能进入一所好大学。”。“expect sb to do sth” 为固定搭配，意为 “期望某人做某事”；enter 的原形和动名词形式均不与 expect 搭配。故选 B。 25. It's difficult ______ the difference between the two words. A. tell B. to tell C. telling 【答案】B 【详解】考查动词不定式作主语。句意 “区分这两个单词的区别很难。”。“It's + 形容词 + to do sth” 为固定句型，it 为形式主语，真正主语是不定式结构 to tell；tell 的原形和动名词形式不符合该句型要求。故选 B。 二、情态动词单项选择题（共 25 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 50 分） 从每题所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中，选出与句意相符的最佳选项。 26. You ______ finish your homework before watching TV. It's a rule. A. must B. can C. may 【答案】A 【详解】考查情态动词表义务。句意 “你必须在看电视前完成作业，这是规定。”。must 表示 “必须”，强调义务和规定；can 表示 “能够”；may 表示 “可能”，均不符合 “规定” 的语境。故选 A。 27. — ______ I use your pen? Mine is broken. — Sure, here you are. A. Must B. Need C. May 【答案】C 【详解】考查情态动词表请求。句意 “—— 我可以用一下你的笔吗？我的坏了。—— 当然可以，给你。”。may 表示 “可以”，用于礼貌请求；must 表示 “必须”；need 表示 “需要”，均不符合请求的语境。故选 C。 28. He ______ be at home now. His car is still in the parking lot. A. must B. can't C. may not 【答案】A 【详解】考查情态动词表推测。句意 “他现在一定在家，他的车还在停车场。”。must 表示肯定推测，意为 “一定”；can't 表示否定推测 “不可能”；may not 表示 “可能不”，此处根据车还在的证据可确定肯定推测。故选 A。 29. You ______ not smoke in public places. It's against the law. A. can B. must C. may 【答案】B 【详解】考查情态动词表禁止。句意 “你不许在公共场所吸烟，这是违法的。”。must not 表示 “禁止”，强调法律或规定的禁止；can not 表示 “不能”；may not 表示 “可能不”，均不符合 “违法” 的强制禁止语境。故选 B。 30. — ______ you swim? — Yes, I can. And I can swim very fast. A. Must B. Can C. Need 【答案】B 【详解】考查情态动词表能力。句意 “—— 你会游泳吗？—— 是的，我会，而且我游得很快。”。can 表示 “能够”，用于询问或表达能力；must 表示 “必须”；need 表示 “需要”，均不符合语境。故选 B。 31. She ______ have missed the bus. Otherwise she would have arrived here on time. A. must B. can C. may 【答案】A 【详解】考查情态动词表推测。句意 “她一定是错过了公交车，否则她会准时到这儿的。”。must have done 表示对过去事情的肯定推测，意为 “一定做了某事”；can have done 多用于否定或疑问句；may have done 表示 “可能做了某事”，此处根据后文语境可确定肯定推测。故选 A。 32. You ______ take an umbrella with you. It's going to rain. A. should B. can C. may 【答案】A 【详解】考查情态动词表建议。句意 “你应该带把伞，天要下雨了。”。should 表示 “应该”，用于给出建议；can 表示 “能够”；may 表示 “可能”，均不符合建议的语境。故选 A。 33. — Must I hand in my report today? — No, you ______. You can hand it in tomorrow. A. mustn't B. needn't C. can't 【答案】B 【详解】考查情态动词的否定回答。句意 “—— 我必须今天交报告吗？—— 不，你不必，你可以明天交。”。must 引导的一般疑问句，否定回答用 needn't 或 don't have to，意为 “不必”；mustn't 表示 “禁止”；can't 表示 “不能”，均不符合语境。故选 B。 34. He ______ speak English very well when he was only five years old. A. could B. must C. should 【答案】A 【详解】考查情态动词表过去能力。句意 “他五岁时英语就说得很好了。”。could 是 can 的过去式，表示过去的能力；must 表示 “必须”；should 表示 “应该”，均不符合语境。故选 A。 35. We ______ protect the environment. It's everyone's responsibility. A. can B. must C. may 【答案】B 【详解】考查情态动词表义务。句意 “我们必须保护环境，这是每个人的责任。”。must 表示 “必须”，强调义务和责任；can 表示 “能够”；may 表示 “可能”，均不符合语境。故选 B。 36. — ______ I borrow this book for two weeks? — Yes, you can. But you must return it on time. A. Can B. Must C. Need 【答案】A 【详解】考查情态动词表请求。句意 “—— 这本书我可以借两周吗？—— 可以，但你必须按时归还。”。can 表示 “可以”，用于请求允许；must 表示 “必须”；need 表示 “需要”，均不符合请求的语境。故选 A。 37. She ______ not be feeling well. She looks pale. A. must B. can C. may 【答案】C 【详解】考查情态动词表推测。句意 “她可能不舒服，脸色看起来很苍白。”。may 表示 “可能”，用于不确定的推测；must 表示 “一定”，推测过于肯定；can 表示 “能够”，均不符合语境。故选 C。 38. You ______ not drive after drinking alcohol. It's dangerous. A. must B. can C. may 【答案】A 【详解】考查情态动词表禁止。句意 “你不许酒后驾车，这很危险。”。must not 表示 “禁止”，强调危险行为的禁止；can not 表示 “不能”；may not 表示 “可能不”，均不符合语境。故选 A。 39. — Can you come to my birthday party tomorrow? — I'm not sure. I ______ have to help my mother with housework. A. must B. might C. should 【答案】B 【详解】考查情态动词表不确定推测。句意 “—— 你明天能来我的生日派对吗？—— 不确定，我可能得帮妈妈做家务。”。might 表示 “可能”，用于不确定的推测；must 表示 “必须”；should 表示 “应该”，均不符合 “不确定” 的语境。故选 B。 40. Children ______ be accompanied by adults when they visit the museum. A. must B. can C. may 【答案】A 【详解】考查情态动词表义务。句意 “孩子们参观博物馆时必须有成人陪同。”。must 表示 “必须”，强调规定的义务；can 表示 “能够”；may 表示 “可能”，均不符合语境。故选 A。 41. He ______ have forgotten the meeting. He was reminded of it this morning. A. can't B. must C. may 【答案】A 【详解】考查情态动词表否定推测。句意 “他不可能忘记会议，今天早上有人提醒过他。”。can't have done 表示对过去事情的否定推测，意为 “不可能做了某事”；must have done 表示肯定推测；may have done 表示 “可能做了某事”，均不符合语境。故选 A。 42. You ______ ask for help if you don't understand the problem. A. should B. must C. need 【答案】A 【详解】考查情态动词表建议。句意 “如果你不理解这个问题，应该寻求帮助。”。should 表示 “应该”，用于给出合理建议；must 表示 “必须”；need 表示 “需要”，均不符合语境。故选 A。 43. — May I open the window? — Yes, you ______. It's a bit stuffy in the room. A. must B. can C. need 【答案】B 【详解】考查情态动词表允许的回答。句意 “—— 我可以开窗吗？—— 可以，房间里有点闷。”。may 引导的一般疑问句，肯定回答用 can 或 may，此处用 can 更口语化；must 表示 “必须”；need 表示 “需要”，均不符合语境。故选 B。 44. They ______ arrive here early tomorrow. The train is scheduled to depart at 7 a.m. A. should B. can C. may 【答案】A 【详解】考查情态动词表预期。句意 “他们明天应该早点到这儿，火车定于早上 7 点出发。”。should 表示 “应该”，用于基于事实的合理预期；can 表示 “能够”；may 表示 “可能”，均不符合语境。故选 A。 45. You ______ not touch the machine. It's still working. A. must B. can C. may 【答案】A 【详解】考查情态动词表禁止。句意 “你不许碰这台机器，它还在运行中。”。must not 表示 “禁止”，强调危险行为的禁止；can not 表示 “不能”；may not 表示 “可能不”，均不符合语境。故选 A。 46. She ______ speak three languages fluently. She is really talented. A. can B. must C. should 【答案】A 【详解】考查情态动词表能力。句意 “她能流利地说三种语言，真的很有天赋。”。can 表示 “能够”，用于表达能力；must 表示 “必须”；should 表示 “应该”，均不符合语境。故选 A。 47. — Must we finish the project this week? — Yes, you ______. The deadline is next Monday. A. must B. can C. may 【答案】A 【详解】考查情态动词的肯定回答。句意 “—— 我们必须这周完成项目吗？—— 是的，必须完成，截止日期是下周一。”。must 引导的一般疑问句，肯定回答用 must，强调义务和 deadline 的要求；can 和 may 均不符合语境。故选 A。 48. He ______ not be at the office. I called him several times but no one answered. A. must B. can't C. may 【答案】B 【详解】考查情态动词表否定推测。句意 “他不可能在办公室，我给他打了好几次电话都没人接。”。can't 表示否定推测，意为 “不可能”；must 表示肯定推测；may 表示 “可能”，均不符合语境。故选 B。 49. We ______ save water and electricity in our daily life. A. should B. can C. may 【答案】A 【详解】考查情态动词表建议。句意 “我们在日常生活中应该节约用水用电。”。should 表示 “应该”，用于倡导正确的行为；can 表示 “能够”；may 表示 “可能”，均不符合语境。故选 A。 50. — Can he play the piano? — No, he ______. He has never learned it. A. can't B. mustn't C. needn't 【答案】A 【详解】考查情态动词表能力的否定回答。句意 “—— 他会弹钢琴吗？—— 不会，他从来没学过。”。can 引导的一般疑问句，否定回答用 can't，意为 “不能”；mustn't 表示 “禁止”；needn't 表示 “不必”，均不符合语境。故选 A。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $