UNIT 4 Period 2 课后巩固 多维提能-【优学精讲】2025-2026学年高中英语必修第二册教用word（人教版）

维度一　词形转换和动词的形式变换 1．When I was walking on the street, I saw two travellers reading a map and looking puzzled(puzzle). 2．The documentary is chiefly(chief) concerned with the environmental problems caused by industrial pollution. 3．Some famous performers will join in the performance, which will surely make the audience excited(excite). 4．I'm such an enthusiastic sports lover that I always feel fascinated(fascinate) by sports events. 5．At the party, she was surrounded(surround) by her friends, chatting and laughing. 6．Let's keep to the subject, or you will get me confused(confuse). 7．The old house belonging(belong) to my grandfather was still in good condition. 8．I would like to introduce Confucius who was born in the State of Lu located(locate) in present-day Qufu, Shandong Province. 9．Evidently(evidence), he has been working very hard recently, for he looks so tired. 10．It is illegal(legal) to drive a car in China when you are under 18. 维度二　固定用法和搭配 1．The car nearby belongs to my neighbor, who is determined to be independent. 2．It's amazing that every individual or group is joined to the world by the Internet. 3．Cutting(cut) down one forest after another makes some animals homeless. 4．Now that the boy has been punished，please don't refer to that matter again. 5．There is solid evidence that the accident was caused by his careless driving. 6．He left behind his keys on the table when he rushed out. 7．He finally decided to break away from the family, which made his parents upset. 8．After the founder of the company retired, his son took over the family business. 9．I am eager to have the work finished(finish) ahead of time. 10．He as well as I is(be) often made fun of due to some accidental mistakes，which makes us embarrassed. 维度三　完成句子 1．此外，我可以说流利的英语，这样能使别人很容易理解我的意思。(make＋宾语＋宾语补足语) In addition, I can speak English so fluently that I can make myself easily understood． 2．事实上，我真希望提高我的英语，并结交一些英国的朋友。(have＋宾语＋宾语补足语) Actually, I really hope to have my English improved and make some English friends. 3．如果可能的话，我想和你在附近的咖啡店见面。如果不行，那我们就再约个你方便的时间。(if条件状语从句的省略) If possible, I'd like to meet you at a nearby coffee shop.If not，let's make it another time，which is convenient for you. 4．另外，养成良好的学习习惯能帮助你提高你的学习效率。(动名词短语作主语) What's more，developing a good habit of learning can help you improve your learning efficiency. 5．坦率地说，有一系列对我们英语学习很有益的方法。(way作先行词的定语从句) Frankly speaking，there are a wide range of ways that/which are of great benefit to our English learning. 维度四　融合教材·主题探究 【改编自外研选必四U5】 Intrigued by Maya civilisation from a very young age, 15-year-old Canadian William Gadoury thought he had made an incredible discovery from his study of ancient star charts. Through comparison, he found that the locations of the 117 known Maya cities correspond to the positions of the stars. Based on this, he believed he had spotted an unknown Maya city buried deep in the jungle. Although his theory has been dismissed by scholars, it shows how powerful the secrets of Ancient Maya civilisation are among people. It isn't difficult to see why. Extending south from parts of what we now know as Mexico into Central America, Maya civilisation has been surrounded by mystery since its rediscovery in the 19th century. On top of all this was an achievement unique in the Americas at that time: a true writing system. It contained more than 800 characters, with some signs representing animals, people and objects and others representing syllables. It was a writing system so complicated that, so far, no one has been able to interpret it completely. Why Maya civilisation collapsed remains a mystery. Was it a natural disaster? A deadly disease? Conflicts between cities? Or was it a combination of several different factors? Some research seems to indicate that the Maya people themselves may have played a part in their downfall. 1．Which of the following is TRUE about William Gadoury? A．He found that the Maya created a true writing system. B．He thought he had discovered an unknown city in the jungle. C．He has a good command of the Maya characters. D．He made a discovery about how the Maya developed its writing system. 2．What do people know about the Maya writing system? A.It is similar to the present writing system that Americans use today. B．It contained more than 8，000 words and signs. C．It was very complicated and hard to interpret. D．Some words were used to represent animals，objects and syllables. 3．What does the underlined word “collapsed” in paragraph 3 probably mean? A．Developed.　　　　　　 B．Revived. C．Survived. D．Declined. 4．What will the author most possibly write in the next paragraph? A．The role Maya people played in their downfall. B．The exploration will be continued. C．The present situation of Maya writing system. D．The reason why Maya civilisation flourished. 答案：1～4.BCDA Ⅰ.阅读理解 A (2025·长沙明德中学期末)Have you ever wondered about people's names? Where do they come from? What do they mean? People's first names, or given names, are chosen by their parents.Sometimes the name of a grandparent or other members of the family is used.Some parents choose the name of a well-known person.A boy could be named George Washington Smith; a girl could be named Helen Keller Jones.Some people give their children names that mean good things.Clara means “bright”； Beatrice means “one who gives happiness”； Donald means “world ruler”； Leonard means “as brave as a lion”． The earliest last names, or surnames (姓), were taken from place names.A family with the name Brook or Brooks probably lived near a small river; someone called Longstreet probably lived on a long, paved road.The Greenwood family lived in or near a leafy forest. Other early surnames came from people's occupations.The most common occupational name is Smith, which means a person who makes things with iron or other metals.In the past, Smiths were very important workers in every town and village.Some other occupational names are: Carter—a person who owned or drove a cart; Potter—a person who made pots and pans.The ancestors of the Baker family probably baked bread for their neighbors in their native village.The Carpenter's great-great-great-grandfather probably built houses and furniture. Sometimes people were known for their special abilities.When there were two men who were named John in the same village, John Fish was probably an excellent swimmer and John Lightfoot was probably a fast runner or a good dancer. Some family names were made by adding something to the father's name.English-speaking people added “-s” or “-son”．The Johnsons are descendants of John; the Roberts family's ancestor was Robert.Irish and Scottish people added “Mac” or “Mc” or “O”．Perhaps all of the MacDonnells and the McDonnells and the O'Donnells are descendants of the same Donnell. 【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了人名和姓氏的由来、含义以及选择方式。 1．What is the second paragraph mainly about? A．The history of family first names. B．The meaning of popular first names. C．The role of family traditions in choosing first names. D．The different ways parents choose their children's first names. D　解析：段落大意题。根据第二段内容可知，本段主要介绍了父母给孩子起名的不同方式。 2．Where did Donald Greenwood probably live? A．Close to a small river. B．Near a long, paved road. C．In or near a green, wooded area. D．In a village where people made tools. C　解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“The Greenwood family lived in or near a leafy forest.”可推知，唐纳德·格林伍德可能住在一片绿色的、树木很多的地方。 3．What was the most likely occupation of the ancestors of the Potter family? A．Making kitchen tools. B．Making things with metals. C．Owning or driving a cart. D．Building houses and furniture. A　解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Potter—a person who made pots and pans”可知，波特家族的祖先的工作很可能是制作厨房工具。 4．What does the underlined word “descendants” in the last paragraph mean? A．Friends.　　　　　　 B．Supporters. C．Coworkers. D．Later generations. D　解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句的上文“Some family names...added ‘-s’ or ‘-son’．”和下文“the Roberts family's ancestor was Robert”可知，有些姓氏是在祖先的名字上加-s或-son演变而来的，Johnsons是John的后代，descendants意为“后代”，与later generations意思相近。 B In many cultures, a girl's “big day” is recognized as her wedding day. But in the Philippines, many girls don't have to wait that long. Eighteenth birthdays are a formal celebration, called “the debut”， which means the girls enter the age of adulthood. “I actually didn't like the idea of celebrating a debut because I was really boyish when I was younger，”explained Hannah Cafe，a recent debutante. “But when I heard my mom's plans, they changed my mind. They brought out a different side of me—the one that wanted to be treated like a princess.” Traditionally, the debutante wears a grand dress and is surrounded by her family and friends throughout a program that includes a dance by a group of people, an “18 roses” segment (部分), where the important men in the debutante's life present her with a rose and invite her to dance, and an “18 candles” segment, where the important women in her life give individual speeches and good wishes. But many debutantes today introduce modern elements to the celebration. “Instead of having the regular ‘18 roses’ and ‘18 candles’， we used ‘18 carnations (康乃馨)’ and ‘18 sparklers’，” described Hannah.　 During the “18 flowers” segment, it tends to get more emotional during the father-daughter dance. But Hannah laughed at the question of getting emotional during this part of her debut. “Actually, my father was so energetic that he had everyone bursting out laughing.” Hannah's debut had other additional 18-themed segments, like the “18 gifts”， but her favorite moment wasn't even part of the program she knew of. “My favorite part was the surprise song prepared by my classmates. I really appreciated the fact that they spent time practicing it and kept it secret from me. My eyes got teary on that occasion when they started singing.” “A girl's debut marks a very important day in her life，” said Hannah. “That's something she gets to treasure forever.” 【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章以汉娜·科菲的18岁生日庆祝活动为例讲述了菲律宾女孩的成人礼文化。 5．What can be learned about younger Hannah? A．She behaved like a boy. B．She was eager to grow up. C．She showed great interest in the debut. D．She wanted to be treated like a princess. A　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“I was really boyish when I was younger”可知，汉娜小的时候像男孩子一样。 6．What is paragraph 3 mainly about? A．The key participants in the debut. B．How the debut has changed over time. C．The modern elements in the debut. D．What the debut was like in the past. D　解析：段落大意题。根据第三段内容可知，本段介绍了传统上菲律宾女孩在成人礼上穿的服装以及成人礼上的各种活动。 7．How did Hannah's father feel during the father-daughter dance? A．Nervous. B．Relieved. C．Cheerful. D．Emotional. C　解析：推理判断题。根据第五段中的“my father was so energetic that he had everyone bursting out laughing”可知，汉娜的父亲在和她跳舞时充满活力和热情，非常开心。 8．Which of the following moments did Hannah like best? A．Dancing with her father. B．Making a wish before 18 candles. C．Receiving 18 flowers from her mother. D．Listening to her classmates' surprise song. D　解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“My favorite part was the surprise song prepared by my classmates.”可知，在成人礼仪式上，汉娜最喜欢的是同学们为她准备的惊喜歌曲。 Ⅱ.完形填空 After moving to a new neighborhood, my dad lost his job. His __1__ didn't have enough work to keep him. Although he looked for work every day, there wasn't any that was __2__. Dad felt disappointed. Soon after this, Mom started to give us peanut butter for supper instead of chicken. We were __3__. My younger sister Donna asked her why. She said Dad was out of work so she couldn't buy many groceries. Mom seemed angry with us for asking her about it, so I decided not to __4__ her again. As New Year was near, Donna and I were excited about having a vacation, but our home wasn't as __5__ as usual. There weren't smiles or chocolates any more. No more bread with rich jelly (果酱). Two days before New Year, Dad went on a __6__ trip. It was very __7__， and we wore sweaters even in the house. With so much time inside, Donna and I often quarreled. Mom tried to ignore us, but much often she wasn't patient. I believed New Year would be __8__. We had no fireworks, no decorations. On New Year's Eve, Dad returned with __9__ he had hoped to hunt. No money for food. No friends to enjoy. That evening, __10__， the most amazing thing happened. As it was snowing outside, a hard knock on our front door __11__ us. Before Dad opened it, we __12__ music. Opening the door, we saw several __13__ singing outside. They __14__ me greatly. Mom quickly invited them inside. They bought some food and even gave us some money. Mom cried. We thought everyone had __15__ us, but our neighbors still loved us. 【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者一家因为父亲没有了工作，新年过得很冷清。但是在新年前夜，他们的邻居们过来和他们一起过新年，让他们很感动的故事。 1．A.driver B．friend C．owner D．boss D　解析：根据下文中的“didn't have enough work to keep him”可知，老板(boss)没有足够多的工作给作者的父亲了。 2．A.beautiful B．expensive C．suitable D．comfortable C　解析：根据上文中的“Although he looked for work every day”可知，上下文是转折关系，虽然作者的父亲每天都在找工作，但是没有找到合适的(suitable)。 3．A.glad B．nervous C．excited D．surprised D　解析：根据下文中的“My younger sister Donna asked her why.”可知，大家不明白妈妈的做法，所以很吃惊(surprised)。 4．A.question B．meet C．help D．punish A　解析：根据上文中的“Mom seemed angry with us for asking her about it”可知，妈妈因为妹妹问她的问题而生气，所以作者就不再问(question)了。 5．A.large B．poor C．busy D．pleasant D　解析：根据下文中的“There weren't smiles or chocolates any more. No more bread with rich jelly.”可知，家里没有欢笑和巧克力，没有满满果酱的面包，这让大家不像往常一样开心(pleasant)。 6．A.business B．hunting C．hiking D．cycling B　解析：根据下文中的“On New Year's Eve, Dad returned with ______ he had hoped to hunt.”可知，父亲去打猎(hunting)了。 7．A.quiet B．cold C．cloudy D．noisy B　解析：根据下文中的“we wore sweaters even in the house”可知，天气很冷(cold)。 8．A.disappointing B．cheerful C．necessary D．practical A　解析：根据下文中的“We had no fireworks, no decorations.”可知，新年没有烟花，没有装饰品，应该是很令人失望的(disappointing)事情。 9．A.something B．everything C．nothing D．anything C　解析：根据下文中的“No money for food. No friends to enjoy.”可知，当时的气氛不太好，由此可推知，父亲什么都没有(nothing)捕到。 10．A.instead B．otherwise C．therefore D．however D　解析：根据下文中的“the most amazing thing happened”可知，上下文是转折关系，应用转折连词however。 11．A.interested B．amused C．shocked D．annoyed C　解析：根据上文中的“As it was snowing outside, a hard knock on our front door”可知，夜里突然有人很大力气地敲门，这让作者一家人很震惊(shock)。 12．A.learned B．heard C．enjoyed D．played B　解析：根据下文中的music可知，他们是听到(hear)了音乐。 13．A.neighbors B．relatives C．women D．workers A　解析：根据下文中的“our neighbors still loved us”可知，是邻居们(neighbor)来了。 14．A.frightened B．encouraged C．moved D．bothered C　解析：根据下文中的“They bought some food and even gave us some money.”可知，邻居们的行为让作者很感动(move)。 15．A.left B．forgotten C．cheated D．accepted B　解析：根据上文中的“No friends to enjoy.”可知，作者他们本以为没有朋友会来他们家一起过新年，认为他们被遗忘(forget)了。 Ⅲ.语法填空 Table tennis first appeared during Victorian England.Table tennis didn't become a competitive sport 1.____________ 1988. Now table tennis not only is 2.____________ matter of competition but also 3.____________(provide) an opportunity for people to play together no matter what their ages are.There is a day for people who love table tennis to spread their love for the sport.It is called World Table Tennis Day. So far, the International Table Tennis Federation(ITTF) 4.____________(improve) table tennis to a completely new level.The ITTF tries to help table tennis get its 5.____________(recognize) around the world. 6.____________(achieve) this goal, in 2015, the ITTF created World Table Tennis Day to get people 7.____________(attract) to table tennis.Since then it has been celebrating the day so that more people can learn about the sport. World Table Tennis Day is celebrated by 8.______________(organize) activities in the streets, clubs, bars, schools, and workplaces, etc. People can register 9.____________ all these events on the Internet to join in the worldwide celebration.If you're looking for other ways to celebrate World Table Tennis Day, you can choose to watch the 10.____________(amaze) table tennis games on TV on the day and tell your friends what day it is. 【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了世界乒乓球日的来历和庆祝活动等。 1．until　解析：考查连词。“not...until...”意为“直到……才……”，为固定用法。 2．a　解析：考查冠词。“a matter of...”意为“关乎……的事情”。此处表泛指，应用不定冠词a。 3．provides　解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。句中“not only...but also...”连接两个并列谓语，空处应与is的时态、人称和数保持一致，应用一般现在时的第三人称单数形式。 4．has improved　解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据时间状语So far可知，应用现在完成时；又因为句子的主语the International Table Tennis Federation是第三人称单数形式，谓语动词也应用单数形式。 5．recognition　解析：考查名词。空前的its是形容词性物主代词，空处应用名词形式作get的宾语。根据语境可知，此处意为“承认、认可”，应用recognition。 6．To achieve　解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处作非谓语动词，表示目的，应用动词不定式。 7．attracted　解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处作非谓语动词；根据语境可知，此处表示“使人们被吸引”。“get...done”意为“使……被……”，应用过去分词形式作宾语补足语。 8．organizing　解析：考查非谓语动词。根据空前的介词by可知，空处应用动词-ing形式作by的宾语。 9．for　解析：考查介词。register for意为“登记、注册”，为固定搭配。 10．amazing　解析：考查形容词。空处修饰空后的名词短语table tennis games，应用形容词形式，意为“令人惊叹的”。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $