Unit 8 语法&阅读解题技巧点拨-2025-2026学年沪教版英语七年级上册

阅读理解——主旨大意题 主旨大意题主要考查学生对文章的概括能力，要求学生在理解全文的基础上，归纳文章的大意、总结文章的目的、概括文章的中心思想或写出文章的标题。 第一步：定位主题句，归纳文章中心思想。 方法一：开门见山 主题句出现在文首，这种结构主要是为了开门见山，先提出主题，然后用细节来解释或论证主题。 方法二：藏头露尾 主题句出现在文尾，这种结构通常是先阐述细节，然后归纳要点，得出结论，概括主题。 方法三：卧虎藏龙 主题句隐含在全文中，没有明确的主题句。阅读这样的文章，要求学生根据文章的细节来分析、概括、推导出文章的主题。具体方法是：明确各个段落的内容以及它们之间的逻辑关系，寻找核心词和高频词，然后加以归纳形成主题。 第二步：比对选项，排除干扰项。 主旨大意题的正确选项需要具有概括性，不能以偏概全或是泛泛而谈；选择文章最佳标题，要注意标题需具有概括性、针对性和醒目性，标题要囊括文章的主要内容，指向文章的主要特点。 主旨大意题的干扰选项通常有以下特征：以偏概全、扩大概念、缩小概念、逻辑错误等。 There is a clothes shop called Green Ladies. The shop is very special because the shop only sells second­hand clothes to people. Wendy works in Green Ladies. “Many women like buying clothes and they wear different clothes every day. Some people often throw away some clothes because they don’t like them. Some of the clothes are very new. It’s such a bad habit and they shouldn’t do that,” she says. “How about sending these clothes to Green Ladies? Others can buy the second­hand clothes at a good price and you can get some money.” When people take their clothes to Green Ladies, the manager will check the clothes. That’s because he needs to make the clothes right for sale. After someone buys the clothes, the manager will give the owner(主人) some money. ( ) What is the main purpose of the passage? A. To teach people the ways of making money. B. To ask people to buy second­hand clothes. C. To talk about a second­hand clothes shop. D. To tell the ways of opening second­hand clothes shops. 语法选择 David Beekman is a 12­year­old boy. He does the same things as other boys, like playing football every afternoon. However, David has one difference from other children—he wants to do business(做生意). David grows up __1__ a farm in the USA. Everything there attracts him. __2__ David was 6 years old, his parents helped him join a club called “4­H”. It was for kids across the USA. __3__ could learn lots of farm skills there. After David learnt some skills, his parents asked him __4__ animals. At first, David and his dad started with fewer than 100 chickens. The chickens were small, __5__ David could feed them by himself. Today, David has up to 350 chickens and is turning his skills into a __6__ business. He sells the chickens through __7__ farmer’s market. The market __8__ fresh food to people's homes. David also keeps goats and pigs. There are problems such as climate change and the rising costs(成本) of farming. “You have to sit down and decide how much you need to charge(收费) __9__,” David’s mother Elaine told him. David seldom worries about these problems and said, “I just want to be a farmer. I don't mind __10__ every minute staying with the animals.” David’s dream of farming is already coming true. ( )1. A. from　 B. with　　 C. on　 D. of ( )2. A. If 　 B. Before C. Because　 D. When ( )3. A. They 　 B. Them　 C. Their　 D. Themselves ( )4. A. keep　 B. to keep　 C. kept　 D. keeping ( )5. A. or　　 B. but　 C. so　 D. and ( )6. A. big　 B. bigger　 C. biggest　 D. the biggest ( )7. A. a B. an　　　 C. the　 D. / ( )8. A. send　　 B. sends C. is sending D. sent ( )9. A. care　 B. careful　 C. caring D. carefully ( )10. A. spends　 B. to spend　 C. spending D. spent 完形填空 For many travellers, travelling means finding delicious food and visiting famous buildings. For soap(肥皂) __1__ Chen Jing, visiting a new place means looking for everything about soap. “You can see the world through the small thing. People can know the __2__ culture by buying soap there,” said Chen. She added that many makers put things like landmarks on the design when they __3__ soap. Chen has collected more than 2,000 __4__ of soap over the years. She __5__ them from different parts of the world. Chen’s collections __6__ two walls of the living room in her home in Beijing. After collecting lots of soap, Chen rented a house in Beijing to start making soap. Chen said, “My husband once asked me what I would like to be. I answered that I would like to be an old lady making soap __7__. At that moment, I realized my __8__ dream.” In 2021, Chen held a soap show. The show had different things to __9__ visitors. The visitors could learn about the history of making soap, various ingredients(原料) used in soap and soap art. For some visitors, __10__, they could listen to Chen’s speech about her interesting journeys to find soap. Chen meets lots of amazing people and makes new friends through soap. “My soap collections have opened a new world to me,”she said. ( )1. A. emperor　 B. collector C. reporter　 D. teacher ( )2. A. annual　 B. basic　 C. local　 D. peaceful ( )3. A. influenced　 B. produced C. expressed　 D. breathed ( )4. A. walls　 B. cups　 C. bars　 D. pages ( )5. A. gathered B. continued C. explored D. returned ( )6. A. pack　 B. develop　 C. divide　 D. cover ( )7. A. honestly B. tiredly　 C. angrily　 D. happily ( )8. A. real　 B. bad　 C. rocky D. wide ( )9. A. look for　 B. light up　 C. share with　 D. watch over ( )10. A. clearly　 B. luckily　 C. deeply　 D. naturally 阅读理解 A Scientists say that hobbies can help kids become smarter, healthier and even more successful when they grow up. Now, let's see how hobbies can help. Help You Learn When you have a hobby, you can learn new things from it. You need to look up websites, read magazines and books to get more information about your hobby. After reading, you need to understand and practise. More reading makes you become a better reader and a better learner. Help You Be Creative(有创造力的) For many hobbies, such as building model cars and model planes, you have to use your brain and your hands at the same time. You learn by doing things and by touching things. These kinds of activities make people more creative. Help You Be Relaxed Having a hobby makes you feel good. Scientists say, “When you make something, the ‘feel­good’ part of your brain gets a message. It makes you feel happy.” When you feel happy, you have less stress(压力). Too much stress can make you sick. Help You Build Skills People with hobbies learn how to set goals and solve problems. Learning these skills when you are young can help you grow up. For some kids, having a hobby can play a part in finding a job they want in the future. Help You Build Skills People with hobbies learn how to set goals and solve problems. Learning these skills when you are young can help you grow up. For some kids, having a hobby can play a part in finding a job they want in the future. ( )1. According to the passage, how many ways can hobbies help kids? A. One. B. Two. C. Three.　 D. Four. ( )2. Which hobby can help kids be creative according to the passage? ( )3. In which section of a magazine can we read this passage? A. Lifestyle.　 B. Technology.　　 C. Culture.　　 D. Nature. B “On the first day of 2024, I saw the snow of Kilimanjaro,” said Xu Zhuoyuan, a 17­year­old climber from Hunan. Xu climbed to the top of Kilimanjaro, the tallest mountain in Africa, on 1 January 2024. She even stood on the top of Mount Qomolangma last May. She is the youngest Chinese girl to climb the world's highest mountain from the southern side. Xu’s climbing journey began on a family trip to Xizang and Sichuan four years ago. She was amazed by Mount Siguniang’s beauty and decided to try climbing it after she saw it in Sichuan. Xu fell in love with mountain climbing there. For the next few years, Xu did hard training. She climbed mountains over 5,000 metres in Yunnan and Sichuan every month. She also did daily physical exercises like running and swimming. All her hard work helped her face the big challenges (挑战) on Mount Qomolangma and Kilimanjaro. Above 4,000 metres on Mount Kilimanjaro, the climate is similar to a desert. The whole climb took seven days. During the journey, Xu found the weather unpredictable. Because she would experience heavy rain and strong wind suddenly. Staying warm was also necessary. Xu had to keep an eye on the temperature and change her clothes when the temperature changed. This climb was also a learning experience for Xu. She climbed with Xia Boyu, the first Chinese climber to reach the top of Mount Qomolangma with a prosthetic(假肢的) leg. Xia was almost 74 years old. “Every time I thought about giving up, just seeing Xia was enough to encourage me,” Xu said. Looking ahead, Xu has set great goals for herself. She plans to climb the highest mountains on each of the seven continents(洲) and visit the North and South Poles by the time she's 18. ( )1. When did Xu Zhuoyuan reach the top of Kilimanjaro? A. On 1 January 2023.　 B. On 1 May 2023. C. On 1 January 2024.　　　　D. On 1 May 2024. ( )2. What does the underlined word “unpredictable” mean in Paragraph 4? A. Nice to enjoy. B. Easy to guess. C. Impossible to know ahead. D. Quick to improve. ( )3. In what order did the following events happen? a. Xu went to the mountains in Yunnan. b. Xu had a family trip to Xizang and Sichuan. c. Xu climbed to the top of Mount Kilimanjaro. d. Xu learnt a lot from Xia Boyu during the climbing. e. Xu reached the top of the world's highest mountain. A. b→c→e→a→d B. a→e→c→d→b C. d→a→e→b→c D. b→a→e→d→c ( )4. What can we learn about Xu Zhuoyuan from the passage? A. She likes to plan family trips. B. She went to the desert in the past. C. She loves adventures and challenges. D. She wants to share her story with everyone. C Many children in Ningde City, Fujian Province might know that lions could actually fly. They got to know the popular local folk art of the string lion dance at an early age. Like other children in that area, 24-year-old Chen Jihong was first amazed by the dance as a child. Later, he knew that the string lion dance had a history of about 1,300 years. Thanks to his love for this tradition, he decided to build a string lion dance team and it has a history of 10 years now. Chen managed the team of around 30 members, and they were between 13 and 24 years old. In fact, Chen was not only a leader, but also a teacher. “We watched performances(表演) in the town and videos of string lion shows. We watched, practised and slowly learnt the skills by ourselves,” Chen said. __▲__ Now they give performances every day. According to Chen, their clothes are wet after a thirty-minute show. A string lion can weigh more than 20 kg, and it takes skills and energy to make it jump and dance. Besides, it’s easy for team members to get hurt during practice. But they are serious about performances and practise as much as they can. For the team, the string lion dance is not just a hobby now, but also a passion to carry on traditional intangible cultural heritage. “We hope we can have a chance to show the string lion dance to more and more people,” Chen adds. ( )1. When did Chen Jihong build his team? A. At the age of 13. B. At the age of 14. C. At the age of 24. 　　 D. At the age of 30. ( )2. Choose the best sentence to fill in the blank “_▲_” in Paragraph 3. A. The team members finally decided to change their ways. B. The team members tried their best to put on the first show. C. The team members had a hard time learning but learnt nothing. D. The team members thought learning the string lion dance was really easy. (Para.3 黑白颠倒) ( )3. Which of the following best describes Chen’s team members? A. Caring.　　 B. Confident. C. Friendly.　 D. Hard-working. ( )4. What is the passage mainly about? A. A young string lion team. B. A serious leader in a team. C. The history of the string lion dance. D. The ways to learn the string lion dance. 阅读填空 It can be fun to find new and interesting ways to enjoy your free time. Say goodbye to watching TV all day, and say hello to having more fun in your life. __1_____ You don’t need to go to a gym to keep active. __2______ If you don’t like walking, you can ride a bicycle around your city. There are so many ways to exercise. __3______ It helps you focus on something meaningful. And you probably will learn something new. You can buy new books or borrow them from the library. You can also find e­books online. You probably don’t think of writing as a hobby. Writing down your thoughts can help you understand many things. Writing a short story can also be a valuable and creative journey. __4______ Volunteering(志愿服务) is an activity you can enjoy in your free time. __5______Besides, it seems that people can make new friends in a friendly place easier. Volunteering at an organization can also help you develop new skills. A. Here are some ideas to help you start. B. Reading is another hobby and it doesn’t cost much. C. You will feel good when you’re able to help others. D. Just need a pen and a piece of paper, or your computer. E. Taking a walk in a park near your home is also a good choice. 参考答案 一、C 二、CDABC AABDC 三、BCBCA DDACB 四、A: DCA B: CCDC C: BBDA 五、AEBDC 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $