Unit 10 Being a Volunteer-省略句（讲+练）-《英语 基础模块2》（语文版2022版）

省略句 《英语 基础模块2》（语文版2022版） Unit 10 Being a Volunteer语法 导 入 目 录 01. 定 义 02. 简单句的省略 03. 并列句的省略 04. 复合句的省略 05. 不定式的省略 06. 巩固练习 I 省略句的定义 定义：句子中的某个词、短语甚至整个从句都可省略，这种省去句子某些成分但保持句子意思不变的现象，称为省略。 eg.---Have you told him yet? ---Not yet. (省略句) I haven’t told him yet. （完整） I 简单句的省略 1. 主语的省略 eg. (I) Hope to see you again. eg. (You) Stand up. 省略主语 省略主语 I 简单句的省略 2. 谓语/谓语部分的省略 eg. Just (wait) a moment, please. eg. (It is) What a nice day! 省略谓语 省略主谓 I 简单句的省略 3. 表语的省略 eg. His brother isn’t lazy, nor is his sister (lazy). eg. —Are you ready? —Yes, I am (ready). 省略表语 省略表语 I 简单句的省略 4. 宾语的省略 eg. Thank you for helping (me). eg. I can do (it). 省略宾语 省略表语 I 简单句的省略 5. 定语的省略 eg. He spent part of the money and the rest (of the money) he saved. 省略定语 eg. She ate some of the cakes and the rest (of the cakes) she gave to her friends. 省略定语 I 简单句的省略 6. 同时省略多个成分 eg. —Are you going to the party? —If time permits, (I will go). eg. (I wish) Good luck (to you)! 省略多成分 省略多成分 I 并列句的省略 并列句：由并列连词（but,and,yet等）连接的两个简单句。 He likes playing basketball, but he hates dancing. 省略句：He likes playing basketball, but (he) hates dancing. I have been to Beijing and I have seen the Great Wall. 省略句：I have been to Beijing and (I have) seen the Great Wall. I 并列句的省略 省略句：He likes playing basketball, but (he) hates dancing. 省略句：I have been to Beijing and (I have) seen the Great Wall. 定义：在并列句中，如果前后句有相同的成分，常可以省略，被省略的可以是主语，谓语，宾语等，或句子成分的一部分。 I 并列句的省略 1. 主语的省略 John likes music and (John) plays the piano well. Tom likes playing football and (Tom) often plays it after school. 省略主语 省略主语 I 并列句的省略 2. 谓语的省略 Some books are to be tasted, others(are)to be swallowed, and some few(are)to be chewed and digested. One plan is to start early, another (is) to wait for the rain to stop, and the last (is) to cancel the trip. 省略谓语 省略谓语 I 并列句的省略 3. 宾语的省略 I asked him to see the film, but he didn’t want to (see the film). 省略了作宾语的不定式。 为了避免重复，不定式可以省去与前面句子重复的动词原形，但是to要保留。 若被省略的不定式为to be短语，则通常要保留to be. He is no longer the man he used to be (the man). I 并列句的省略 4. 谓语和宾语的省略 We can(win tomorrow’s game), and will win tomorrow’s game. 省略谓语和宾语 I 复合句的省略 复合句也叫主从句，指含有两个或更多的主谓结构的句子，通常有连接词连接。 (I’m) Sorry I can’t help you. (It’s a) Pity that he missed such a good chance. I 复合句的省略 1. 宾语从句中的省略 I’m afraid (that) I’ll be late. I think (that) he is right. 宾语从句常省略that 两个并列宾语从句时，第二个that不能省 I believe (that) you have done your best and that everything will be all right. 不能省 I 复合句的省略 2. 定语从句中的省略 The man (whom/that) I saw yesterday was very kind. The book (which/that) I bought last week is very interesting. 关系代词作宾语时可省 “介词+关系代词”结构中不可省 The book of which I spoke yesterday was very interesting. I 复合句的省略 2. 定语从句中的省略 The man (who is) standing there is my brother. The way (that/in which) he speaks is very strange/polite. 进行时态+关系代词作主语：省关系代词+be动词 先行词为way（作方式状语）/time（表次数）：关系词that可省 This is the first/second time (that) I have come here/visited this museum. I 复合句的省略 2. 状语从句中的省略 Though (he was) tired, he still went on working. When (I was) walking in the street, I saw her. 1. 从句主语=主句主语或从句主语是it 2. 从句含be动词 If (it is) possible, I will help you. 条件 I 不定式中的省略 1. 避免重复：省相同部分，保留to；含be/have/have been需保留 —Aren’t you the headmaster? —No, and I don’t want to be (the headmaster). —Will you join in the game? —I’d be glad to (join in the game). want/wish/hope/intend/try/plan/like/love/hate/refuse/expect/prefer/care/decide/mean/promise等 常见动词： I 不定式中的省略 2. 使役/感官动词后：省to；被动语态还原to He made me laugh. I was made to laugh by him. 一感 feel - 二听 hear, listen to - 三让 make, have, let 四看 watch, observe, notice, see 五帮助 help（主动可带/不带to；被动必带to） I saw the boy fall from the tree. The boy was seen to fall from the tree. I 不定式中的省略 3. 实义动词do(does/did)+but/except等介词：省to The boy did nothing but play. They did nothing but wait. 巩固练习 一、单选题 1. ---Will you waste your time and money on that? ---Of course_______. A.I not. B.don’t C.not D.did 2.Tom wanted to play football with his friends on the streets, but his father told him_________. A.not to B.not to do C.not do it D.do not to 3.---Can I see you at 3:00 pm next Monday? ---I_________.My flight will take off soon. A.am afraid not B.am afraid so C.am afraid to D.am afraid not to 4.--Are you a volunteer? ---No, but I______. A.used to B.used to be C.used to do D.was used to 5. ---I hope the children won’t touch the dog. ---I’ve warned them______. A.not B.not to C.not touch D.not do 6. Some students are going to America this summer vacation, and_________. A.some are to China B.some going to China C.some to China D.some America 7. ---Aren’t you the manager? ---No, and I_______. A.don’t want B.don’t want to C.don’t D.don’t want to be 8. ---You look happy today, Mary. ---I like my new dress and my mother_____,too. A.likes B.like C.is D.does 巩固练习 Summary 01. 定 义 02. 简单句的省略 03. 并列句的省略 04. 复合句的省略 05. 不定式的省略 Thanks $