Unit 2 Advanced Technology and Our Life-非谓语动词（作主宾表）（讲+练）-《英语 基础模块3》（语文版2022版）

非谓语动词（作主宾表） 《英语 基础模块3》（语文版2022版） Unit 2 Advanced Technology and Our Life语法 导 入 目 录 01. 非谓语与谓语的区别 02. 非谓语作主语 04.非谓语作表语 03. 非谓语作宾语 05. 巩固练习 非谓语与非谓语的区别 1. 一个简单句中只有一个谓语动词 例句：He runs in the park every morning. 谓语vs非谓语 2. 当有多个动词出现时，其存在形式有： 并列句：He runs every morning, and he often sings. 复合句句：He runs every morning because he wants to keep fit. 非谓语：He plans to run every morning. 非谓语与非谓语的区别 谓语vs非谓语 谓语动词：是句子的主动词，随主语的人称、数，以及句子的时态、语态变化。 非谓语动词：形式固定，不随主语的人称、数变化，时态、语态变化也有限（仅体现与逻辑主语的关系）。 谓语动词：对主语动作状态或特征的陈述或说明的动词。 非谓语动词是指在句子中不作谓语的动词形式 games 下面哪些是非谓语动词？ smoking going taken take rises rises to be done falling went was likes to go 非谓语的形式 非谓语动词 不定式（to do） 动名词（doing） 现在分词(doing) 过去分词 (done) 分词 例句：I hope to go to a good college. （不定式作宾语） 例句：Bajie enjoys eating apples.（动名词作宾语） 非谓语作主语 一、不定式（to do）作主语 用法：表具体、一次性的动作，或强调目的 To learn English well is important. It is important to learn English well. 常用句型：It + be + 形容词 / 名词 + to do（作形式主语，避免头重脚轻） 注意：动词不定式作主语时，谓语动词用单数 非谓语作主语 二、动名词（doing）作主语 用法：表泛指、习惯性、抽象的动作 Reading is a good way to broaden horizons. Swimming in the river is dangerous. 注意：动名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数 非谓语作宾语 非谓语作宾语时，体现的是名词词性，所以要用不定式、动名词，且位于动词或者介词后。 例句：Thank you for inviting me to the party. 例句：He succeeded in solving the problem. 例句：I want to buy a coffee. 例句：We practice speaking English every morning. 介词后必须接动名词，动词后可以是动名词也可以是不定式 不定式作宾语 例句：They decided to leave early. → 决定做某事 例句：She promised to help us. → 承诺做某事 例句：I can’t afford to buy a car. → 能够做某事 例句：They managed to finish the work on time. → 试图做某事 这类动词核心逻辑： ①隐含着“都没有做，倾向做”的意思； ②传递动作发出者的意图、态度。 1.主语+谓语+不定式 不定式作宾语 There are so many kinds of computers on sale that I can’t decide which to buy. 2.动词+疑问词+不定式 常见的此类动词有：decide, know, consider, forget, learn, remember, show, understand, see, wonder, hear, find out, explain, tell 等 He gave us some advice on how to learn English. 3.介词+疑问词+不定式 不定式作宾语 Students thought it interesting to play computer games. 注意 如果不定式（to do）后面有宾语补足语，则用it作形式宾语，正真的宾语后置，放在宾语补足语后面。 常见动词有： think, feel, consider, find, make… it + adj + to do 不定式作宾语 seem（似乎） pretend（假装） hope（希望） expect（期待） 以下动词后只能接不定式，多表示目的、意愿或未发生的动作 fail（未能） plan（计划） decide（决定） demand（要求） ask（要求） refuse（拒绝） agree（同意） arrange（安排） choose（选择） promise（承诺） long（渴望） afford（负担得起） 动名词作宾语 例句：She enjoys swimming in the morning. → 习惯做某事 例句：He avoided meeting her by leaving early. → 避免做某事 例句：I finished reading the novel last night. → 完成某事 例句：He admitted breaking the window. → 承认做某事 这类动词的核心逻辑： ①语义指向“对动作本身的态度/习惯”，而非未来的意图； ②将动词名词化，模糊了时间。 动名词作宾语 risk 冒… 的风险 avoid 避免 enjoy 享受 finish 完成 以下动词后只能接动名词作宾语，表示对动作本身的态度/习惯 miss 错过 mind 介意 practice 练习 suggest 建议 imagine 想象 involve 涉及 admit 承认 resist 抵制 deny 否认 delay 耽搁 consider 考虑 fancy 想象 / 喜欢 动名词作宾语 例句：She looks forward to seeing her old friends. 例句：The teacher asked us to pay attention to taking notes. 例句：He devotes himself to researching new energy technologies. 例句：Let's get down to planning the details of the event. 动名词作宾语（特殊短语） look forward to期待；盼望 pay attention to注意；留意 devote oneself to致力于 get down to着手处理 动名词作宾语 例句：She is busy cleaning her room. 例句：I spend an hour reading books every day. 例句：He has difficulty speaking English fluently. 例句：The movie is worth watching. 动名词作宾语（特殊短语） be busy doing sth. 忙于做某事 spend time/money doing sth. 花时间/钱做某事　 have difficulty/problems/trouble/fun doing sth. 做某事有困难/乐趣 be worth doing sth 值得做某事 既可接不定式又可接动名词的动词 例句：After lunch, we continued to discuss/discussing the plan. 例句：She began learning/to learn English at 5. ①意义一致：接to do和doing的意义一致 如：like, love, prefer, hate, begin, start, continue… 既可接不定式又可接动名词的动词 ①意义不一致：接to do和doing的意义不一致 remember doing 记得做过 remember to do 记得去做 regret doing 对做过的事遗憾 regret to do对要做的事遗憾 She doesn’t remember sending birthday card to Jack. She doesn’t remember to send birthday card to Jack. The teachers regret telling them the truth. I regret to inform you that the meeting has been cancelled. 既可接不定式又可接动名词的动词 ①意义不一致：接to do和doing的意义不一致 stop doing 停止正在做的事 stop to do停下来去做另一件事 try doing 尝试做某事 try to do 努力做某事 On my way home, I stopped to buy some bread. Missing this bus means waiting for another hour. Why don’t you try taking a different route to work? She tries to improve her English by reading every day. 既可接不定式又可接动名词的动词 ①意义不一致：接to do和doing的意义不一致 mean doing 意味着 mean to do打算做 Missing this bus means waiting for another hour. I mean to finish my homework before dinner. 非谓语作表语 一、不定式（to do）作表语 用法：表主语的 “身份、职责、目的、未来动作” My dream is to become a doctor. The main task today is to clean the classroom. 注意：主语是 plan、wish、goal 等名词时，表语常用 to do Her goal is to pass the exam with good grades. 非谓语作表语 二、动名词（doing）作表语 用法：表主语的“内容、性质、习惯，与主语可互换（主语为doing时） His hobby is collecting stamps. The most important thing is learning from mistakes. Collecting stamps is his hobby. 巩固练习 一、单选题 1. His hobby is ________ stamps. A．collect B．collects C．to collect D．collected 2. On a bus, I offered my seat to an old lady but she refused ________ it. A．taking B．take C．to take D．took 3. His dream is _________ other young people who stutter. A．to help B．help C．helps D．helped 4. I’m afraid ________ in the river. A．swim B．swam C．swimming D．to swim 巩固练习 5．They ended up ________ when the teacher came in. A．talking B．talk C．to talk D．talked 6．We have problems ________ speaking English. A．practiced B．practicing C．to practice D．practice 巩固练习 二、用所给词的适当形式填空 1.Boys and girls, let’s start _________________ (clean) up the classroom! 2. The girl wants ___________ (keep) the phone in the locker. 3. He agreed __________ (help) his grandma with the housework every day. 4.Alice is busy _______ (search) for comments (评论) on Nezha 2 on the Internet. 5.When I’m tired, I enjoy __________ (read) on the sofa for a rest. cleaning/to clean to keep to help searching reading Summary 01. 非谓语与谓语的区别 02. 非谓语作主语 04.非谓语作表语 03. 非谓语作宾语 Thanks $