易错04 定语从句6大易错点+3大避坑点+闯关训练（易错专练）（全国通用）2026年高考英语二轮复习讲练测

易错04 定语从句6大易错点+3大避坑点+闯关训练 目 录 第一部分 易错点剖析 1 易错典题 避错攻略 举一反三 易错01 关系代词that和which的区别 1 易错02 which和whose引导的区别 2 易错03 关系代词和关系副词的取舍 4 易错04 “介词+关系代词”易混点 5 易错05 关系代词as引导的定语从句 6 易错06 定语从句主谓一致的易混点 8 第二部分 易错点闯关 8 闯关01 单句填空 8 闯关02 语篇填空（深圳食物银行火遍全网） 10 易错01 关系代词that和which的区别 易错典题 【例1】在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 (2022新课标I卷) The GPNP is intended to provide stronger protection for all the species ___________live within the Giant Panda Range and significantly improve the health of the ecosystem in the area. 避错攻略 【方法总结】 在限制性定语从句，如果定语从句缺少主语，且先行词指物，优先填写that可以避坑。 【干货必记1】只用关系代词that不用which的场合 只用关系代词that场合 典型示例 先行词既为人又为物时 The horse and its rider that you told me are admired by us all. 先行词被序数词修饰时 This is the first film that I have seen since I moved here. 先行词被形容词最高级修饰 The TV tower is the highest building that has been built in this city. 先行词是nothing, anything, all, much, little等不定代词 All that glitters is not gold. Is there anything that I can do for you? 先行词被only, very, little, all等限定词修饰时 This is the very pen that I am looking for. This is the very book that I was looking for. 当主句是以who 或 which 开头的疑问句时 Which book is the one that you recommended? Who is the person that you saw yesterday?  【干货必记2】只用关系代词which不用that的场合 只用关系代词which场合 典型示例 引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是整个主句或主句一部分，标志为逗号。 They visited the temple, which dates back to the Tang Dynasty. He passed the college entrance exam, which made his parents proud. 用于“介词+关系代词”结构，如in which, both of which等，标志为介词。 The reason for which she left school is still unknown.  The speed at which the machine works depends on the power.  【名师支招】1.牢记关系代词that和which易混点 2.特别注意先行词的限定词。 举一反三 1. (2025全国一卷) An exhibition at the Jiushi Art Museum in Shanghai is featuring artwork inspired by Go, or weiqi in Chinese, originated in China more than 4,000 years ago. 2.（25-26高三上·福建泉州·开学考试）All is important is that you are doing your best and moving in the right direction. 3.（25-26高三·北京·期中）Friends is not the first TV show Mathew Parry starred at the early stage of his acting career. 易错02 which和whose引导的定语从句 易错典题 【例2】在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 (25-26高三上·湖南衡阳·月考) The university plans to enroll about 150 students in the new school, aim is to develop a new model for AI-driven education while training students with strong AI literacy, technical expertise and innovative capabilities. 【错因分析】部分考生习惯性看到“…, __________....”结构，空白处前边有逗号，后续句首留空就想当然填写which。这里定语从句主语是aim，显然这里缺少定语，而不是主语。 避错攻略 【方法总结】若用which引导非限制性定语从句，须具备以下条件：1.空白处前边有逗号；2.空白处所在句子有谓语动词（否则就不能理解为定语从句）；3.从句缺少主语或宾语。 【干货必记1】which引导非限制性定语从句 一、先行词是整个主句的一部分--名词（短语），补充说明该名词的性质、特征、来源、用途等 We visited the Forbidden City, which is one of the most famous cultural relics in China. 我们参观了故宫，它是中国最著名的文物之一。(which指代the Forbidden City，说明其地位) The company launched three new products, which are popular among young consumers. 该公司推出了三款新产品，这些产品深受年轻消费者喜爱。(which指代three new products，谓语用 are) 二、which 指代前文整句话的内容，常译为 “这、这件事、这一点”，表结果、影响或评价 She didn’t attend the meeting, which made her boss very angry. 她没参加会议，这让她的老板非常生气。(which 指代 “未参会” 这件事，表影响) The government took strict measures to protect the environment, which was praised by the public. 政府采取了严格的环保措施，这得到了公众的赞扬。(which指代 “政府采取环保措施” 这件事，表评价) 三、如果逗号后句子没有谓语动词，不能理解为定语从句，很可能是名词短语作同位语 The Wandering Earth 2, a sci-fi disaster blockbuster, grossed more than RMB 4.02 billion at the Chinese box office. 《流浪地球 2》是一部科幻灾难大片，在中国的票房总收入超过 40.2 亿元人民币。 Project Hope, a nationwide public welfare initiative, has helped millions of poor students receive education since 1989. 希望工程是一项全国性的公益项目，自1989 年以来已帮助数百万贫困学生接受教育。 三、whose用作关系代词，在定语从句中作定语，先行词指人或物，其后面须有名词 The old man, whose house was damaged in the storm, was offered help by the community. 那位房子在暴风雨中受损的老人得到了社区的帮助。(先行词指人) The book, whose cover is designed with traditional patterns, tells the history of Chinese tea culture. 这本书的封面采用传统纹样设计，讲述了中国茶文化的历史。(先行词指物) 举一反三 1.（25-26高三上·陕西·月考）Each human body is home to trillions (万亿) of microbes, combined cells may outnumber human cells. 2.（25-26高三上·宁夏中卫·月考）Legend of Mushroom, action-adventure role-playing game, earned USD 378 million abroad in the first six months of last year. 3.（25-26高三上·湖北襄阳·月考）This marks Seth’s second participation in the TCM night market, he sees as a valuable opportunity to improve his clinical skills. 易错03 which和where引导的定语从句 易错典题 【例3】在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 (25-26高三上·江苏南京·月考) With a main span measureing, 420 meters, the Huajiang Grand Canyon Bridge anchors a new expressway that winds through one of China’s most mountainous provinces, __________ geography has long made traveling a challenge. 避错攻略 【干货必记】如何区分先行词作状语还是宾语 一、先行词是地点名词，关系词不一定用where；先行词是时间名词，关系词不一定用when；先行词是原因名词，关系词不一定用why。 1.This is the factory that/which produces high-tech products. 这就是那家生产高科技产品的工厂。(先行词是地点名词，定语从句缺少主语) 2.This is the factory where her parents worked 10 years ago. 这就是他父母十年前工作的那家工厂。(先行词是地点名词，定语从句有主语，不需要宾语；缺少状语) 【避坑指南】关系副词where的先行词可以是具体地点名词，如school, museum, centre，还可以是抽象名词，如point, case, situation, stage, race, position, job等。 3.I still remember the days that/which we spent together in Beijing. 我还记得我们一起在北京度过的那些日子。(先行词是时间名词，定语从句缺少主语) 4.I still remember the day when we studied together in Beijing. 我还记得我们一起在北京学习的那些日子。(先行词是时间名词，定语从句有主语，无需宾语；缺少状语) 【避坑指南】关系副词when的先行词可以是具体时间名词，如day, month, year，还可以是抽象名词，如age, stay, occasion等。 5.The reason that/which he explained to me is not convincing. 他向我解释的那个理由没有说服力。(先行词是原因名词，定语从句缺少主语) 6.The reason why he failed to pass the driving test is not convincing. 他未能通过驾照考试的原因没有说服力。(先行词是原因名词，定语从句有主谓宾；缺少状语) 【避坑指南】关系副词why常用于The reason why…is that…句型。 二、窍门：学会分析句子成分，原句含有主谓宾或者不缺少宾语才能用关系副词；原句缺少主语或 宾语才能用关系代词。 举一反三 1.（2025全国二卷）Yet now, I live in the countryside of Zhejiang, China with my Chinese husband and his family, ___________ bamboo and tea bushes (灌木) grow wild in the mountains, chickens are always free-range, and central heating doesn’t exist. 2.（2024全国甲卷）Yellowstone was the largest United States national park - 2.2 million acres - until Wrangell-Saint Elias in southern Alaska, ___________became a national monument in 1978, took the honors as a national park in 1980 with 12.3 million acres. 3.（2021天津卷）At the Chinese art festival, there are different stands _________ artists demonstrate their skills and teach the visitors. 易错04 “介词+关系代词”易混点 易错典题 【例4】在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 (25-26高三上·天津西青·阶段练习) The research explores the degree ________ which modern technology has influenced education over the past 30 years. 【干货必记】“介词+关系代词”易错点 一、介词选择的原则：一看先行词特殊搭配，如to a degree；二看从句谓语动词搭配，如learn from；三看整个语境逻辑。特殊结构如in which case, with whose help等。 1.I can’t understand the reason for which he refused the invitation. 解析：先行词是 the reason，固定搭配为 for the reason，因此用 for which。 2.This is the teacher from whom we learned a lot. 解析：从句谓语是 learn，固定搭配为 learn from sb.，因此用 from whom。 3.The book about which she talked yesterday is very popular. 解析：从句谓语是 talk，固定搭配为 talk about sth.，因此用 about which。 4.He told me the way in which he solved the problem. 解析：先行词 way 表方式，逻辑上是 “用这种方法解题”，因此用 in which。 二、关系代词的选择：先行词指人用whom，先行词指物用which；特殊情况下考虑使用“介词+whose+名词”结构。 1.This is the expert from whom we got the latest information. 解析：先行词 the expert 指人；从句谓语 got 与 from 构成搭配 get sth. from sb.，因此用 from whom。 2.The tool with which he repaired the bike is missing. 解析：先行词 the tool 指物；固定搭配 repair sth. with sth.，因此用 with which。 3.I met a kind man, with whose help I found the lost station. 解析：固定搭配 with one’s help 的变形，介词 with 不可替换。 举一反三 1.（25-26高三上·黑龙江哈尔滨·月考）The problem which she is trying to find a solution is very tricky as there are no clear rules to follow. 2.（25-26高三上·江苏无锡·期中）We all respect the teacher from we’ve learned not only knowledge but also important life lessons. 3.（25-26高三上·吉林·期中）Tom, on bicycle I went to the concert, is a friend of mine. 易错05 关系代词as引导的定语从句 易错典题 【例5】在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 (2023全国甲卷) Yet, the form of the fable still has values today, _________Rachel Carson says in “A Fable for Tomorrow”. 【干货必记】关系代词as的易错点 一、such…as…引导定语从句，关系词作主语或宾语，such…that…引导结果状语从句，that只起连接作用不作句子成分。 1.She has such a good memory as everyone admires. （such…as引导定语从句） 她有一副人人都羡慕的极好记忆力。 解析：先行词是 a good memory，as 指代它，在从句中作 admires 的宾语。 2. She has such a good memory that she can recite the whole poem in 5 minutes. （such…that引导状语从句） 翻译：她的记忆力如此好，以至于能在 5 分钟内背完整首诗。 解析：that 无成分，从句 she can recite… 是“记忆力好”带来的结果。 二、关系代词as引导非限制性定语从，位于主句的前、中、后，强调前后逻辑一致，表示“正如……。 1.As we expected, he won the first prize in the competition.（as从句位于主句之前） 正如我们预料的那样，他在比赛中获得了一等奖。 解析：as 指代“他赢得一等奖”，译为“正如我们预料的那样”。 2.The result, as we can see from the report, is quite satisfying. （as从句插入主句中） 正如我们从报告中看到的那样，这个结果相当令人满意。 解析：as 指代主句“结果令人满意”，插入句中，译为“正如我们从报告中看到的”。 3.The plan will be carried out next month, as has been announced. （as从句位于主句之后） 正如已经宣布的那样，这项计划将于下月实施。 解析：as 指代“计划下月执行”，译为“正如已经宣布的那样”。 举一反三 1.（25-26高二上·黑龙江哈尔滨·月考）In the library are such interesting storybooks many students spend their weekends reading. 2.（2025高三下·全国·专题练习）The old man is such a hard-working gardener quite a few gardens want to hire as a full-time worker. 3.（25-26高三上·福建厦门·开学考试）While more notes are beneficial, if the notes are taken mindlessly, is often the case on a laptop, the benefit disappears. 4.（2025高三·全国·专题练习） is often the case, the fact that something is cheap doesn’t necessarily mean it’s of low quality. 易错06 定语从句主谓一致的用法 易错典题 【例6】在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 (25-26高三·江苏无锡·阶段练习) Tom was the only one of the students who (admit) to the key school that year. 【干货必记】非谓语在with复合结构用法辨析 1. 定语从句先行词含有one of…结构，定语从句的谓语动词需与复数先行词保持一致，谓语用复数。 This is one of the books that were published last year. 这是去年出版的书籍中的一本。 解析：先行词是 "the books"（复数），"that" 指代复数书籍，从句谓语用复数 "were"。 2. 定语从句先行词是the only/very one of…结构，从句的谓语动词需与单数先行词 one 保持一致，用单数形式。 This is the very one of the books that was published last year. 这正是去年出版的那本书（特指唯一的一本）。 解析：先行词是 "the very one"（单数），"that" 指代这个唯一的书籍，从句谓语用单数 "was"；突出 “在去年出版的所有书中，这是特指的、唯一的那本”。 举一反三 1. 1. (2025天津卷) Deng Jiaxian was one of the 23 scientists who (award) for their extraordinary contributions to China’s “two bombs, one satellite” project. 2.（25-26高三·全国·课后作业）Barbara is easy to recognize as she’s the only one of the women who ________ (wear) ordinary evening dress. 3.(25-26高三·山东济南·期中) Anyone who ___________(want) to see the film should put up your hands. 闯关一、在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 1．（2026高三·全国·专题练习）For students considering future careers in technology, humanoid robotics represents one of the most exciting and promising fields may transform industries and daily life. 2.（2025高三·全国·专题练习）The local chef introduced a special way combines traditional cooking skills with modern nutritional concepts to make healthy dishes. 3.（2025高三·云南·专题练习）Beijing is also a place welcomes the fast-paced development of modern life, with 21st-century architectural wonders standing side by side with historical buildings of the past. 4.（2023高三上·全国·专题练习）The documents are available to the younger generation of communities from ___________ the materials were originally collected. 5.（2026高三·上海·专题练习）Their leader, Robert E. Peary, captured the historic moment in photographs as his team proudly held up their flags. Among them was Matthew Henson, an experienced explorer skills had been vital to their success. 6.（2025高三·全国·专题练习）The little girl has the same optimistic personality her mother used to have when she was young. 7.（22-23高三·全国·假期作业）Search engines search the Internet based on the key words you type in, and choose such web pages for you contain the words you ask for. 8.（2025高三·全国·专题练习）Although the game’s huge success in China is partly because people there know the story of Journey to the West, the fact that it has also caught the interest of international audiences, many of ________ lack this cultural background, suggests that Black Myth is on the right path. 9.（2024高三下·全国·专题练习）Heritage sites not only often provide answers to questions, but also often pose questions which there are no definitive answers at the moment. 10.（2023高三·全国·专题练习）It aims at being a gathering place in companies can have their own space to promote their products and services through virtual trade fairs. 11.（2025高三·全国·专题练习）“The recent operation lays a solid scientific and experimental foundation towards the running of a fusion reactor,” said Gong Xianzu, a researcher at the Institute of Plasma Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, led the latest experiment. 12.（2025高三·全国·专题练习）The concept finds particular resonance (共鸣) in China, focus is in line with the concept of Ecological Civilization — the ruling model when it comes to all aspects of Chinese environmental governance. 13.（24-25高三上·全国·课后作业） is seen from the picture, a student is overloaded with piles of homework and endless after­school training, making him breathless. 14．（2025高三·全国·专题练习）Shi Shen was referred to as one of the outstanding contributors to world astronomy, after the largest crater (环形山) on the back of the moon was named. 15.（2025高三下·全国·专题练习） has been stressed many times, learning English well is of great importance to your career development in the future. 16.（2025高三上·江苏·专题练习）A relevant expert pointed out that there are more than 2,800 developed or developing ancient towns in our country, is definitely the highest number globally. 17.（2025高三·全国·专题练习）Scott Ian Rainen, a foreigner from the United States, works at China Foreign Languages Publishing Administration, says he was happy to read the new books. 18.（2026高三·全国·专题练习）The lock is produced through a complex technique countless small wooden pieces are crafted to interlock without the use of nails. 19.（2024高三下·全国·专题练习）The origin of facial makeup used in Peking Opera can be traced back to the Northern and Southern Dynasties, leading actors used to wear masks. 20.（2024高三下·全国·专题练习）Woesler said that one of the reasons modern Chinese literature has attracted him is that many works have strong regional characteristics. 闯关二、在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Shenzhen's 24-hour "food bank" has become a warm symbol of the city. 1 (launch) in May 2022, the project has been running for over three and a half years and has benefited 484,000 people so far. 2 traditional banks, it doesn't store money but offers free food to those in need, such as fresh vegetables, bread and "veteran steamed buns". The project operates under a collaborative model: government guidance, enterprise participation, social organization operation and whole-society contributions. To date, 87 enterprises 3 (join) in donating surplus but safe food, 4 helps reduce waste at the source. Smart cabinets(冰柜) have covered all 10 streets in Futian District, making charity supplies 5 (easy) accessible to people. Food safety is always 6 top priority. The cabinets keep a constant temperature below 10℃ and all food sources are traceable. With regular inspection by authorities and food safety insurance, people can receive food with confidence. The project follows a "priority for vulnerable(脆弱的) groups first, then for all" rule. Low-income families, the disabled and sanitation workers can reserve food using the "iShenzhen" App before 8 p.m. Any leftovers will be open to cities after that, 7 (ensure) no food is wasted. This small cabinet not only saves about 195 tons of food from landfills but also 8 (reflect) the city's humanistic care. It has won many provincial and municipal public welfare awards for its 9 (innovate) operation. It 10 (hope) that more enterprises and individuals will join this public welfare cause in the future. 10 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 易错04 定语从句6大易错点+3大避坑点+闯关训练 目 录 第一部分 易错点剖析 1 易错典题 避错攻略 举一反三 易错01 关系代词that和which的区别 1 易错02 which和whose引导的区别 3 易错03 关系代词和关系副词的取舍 5 易错04 “介词+关系代词”易混点 7 易错05 关系代词as引导的定语从句 9 易错06 定语从句主谓一致的易混点 11 第二部分 易错点闯关 12 闯关01 单句填空 12 闯关02 语篇填空（深圳食物银行火遍全网） 16 易错01 关系代词that和which的区别 易错典题 【例1】在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 (2022新课标I卷) The GPNP is intended to provide stronger protection for all the species ___________live within the Giant Panda Range and significantly improve the health of the ecosystem in the area. 【答案】that 【解析】考查定语从句关系词。句意：该计划旨在为生活在Giant Panda Range的所有物种提供更有力的保护，并显著改善该地区的生态系统健康。设空处为关系词引导限制性定语从句，先行词等于关系词，设空处在从句中作指物的主语，先行词为species，且先行词前为all修饰，只能用关系代词that。故填that。 【错因分析】部分考生因为高考经常考查定语从句缺少主语，that和which都可以于是填写which，反倒造成失误。 避错攻略 【方法总结】 在限制性定语从句，如果定语从句缺少主语，且先行词指物，优先填写that可以避坑。 【干货必记1】只用关系代词that不用which的场合 只用关系代词that场合 典型示例 先行词既为人又为物时 The horse and its rider that you told me are admired by us all. 先行词被序数词修饰时 This is the first film that I have seen since I moved here. 先行词被形容词最高级修饰 The TV tower is the highest building that has been built in this city. 先行词是nothing, anything, all, much, little等不定代词 All that glitters is not gold. Is there anything that I can do for you? 先行词被only, very, little, all等限定词修饰时 This is the very pen that I am looking for. This is the very book that I was looking for. 当主句是以who 或 which 开头的疑问句时 Which book is the one that you recommended? Who is the person that you saw yesterday?  【干货必记2】只用关系代词which不用that的场合 只用关系代词which场合 典型示例 引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是整个主句或主句一部分，标志为逗号。 They visited the temple, which dates back to the Tang Dynasty. He passed the college entrance exam, which made his parents proud. 用于“介词+关系代词”结构，如in which, both of which等，标志为介词。 The reason for which she left school is still unknown.  The speed at which the machine works depends on the power.  【名师支招】1.牢记关系代词that和which易混点 2.特别注意先行词的限定词。 举一反三 1. (2025全国一卷) An exhibition at the Jiushi Art Museum in Shanghai is featuring artwork inspired by Go, or weiqi in Chinese, originated in China more than 4,000 years ago. 【答案】which 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：上海久事美术馆正在举办一场展览，展出的艺术品灵感来自围棋（中文称为“围棋”），它起源4000多年前的中国。本空引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词为Go, or weiqi in Chinese，指物，且关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语，所以用关系代词which引导。故填which。 【易错点】1.不能填that，因为that不能引导非限制定语从句 2.不能填关系代词who，因为定语从句主语是Go, or weiqi，指物。 2.（25-26高三上·福建泉州·开学考试）All is important is that you are doing your best and moving in the right direction. 【答案】that 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：重要的是你正在全力以赴，并且朝着正确的方向前进。分析句子结构可知，“ ______ is important”是定语从句，All是先行词（指事物），在定语从句中作主语，且先行词为All（指物），此时关系代词只能用that（不能用which）。故填that。 3.（25-26高三·北京·期中）Friends is not the first TV show Mathew Parry starred at the early stage of his acting career. 【答案】that 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：《老友记》并不是马修·派瑞演艺生涯早期出演的第一部电视剧。定语从句修饰先行词TV show，先行词在从句作宾语，且由序数词修饰，只能用that引导。故填that。 易错02 which和whose引导的定语从句 易错典题 【例2】在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 (25-26高三上·湖南衡阳·月考) The university plans to enroll about 150 students in the new school, aim is to develop a new model for AI-driven education while training students with strong AI literacy, technical expertise and innovative capabilities. 【答案】whose 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：这所大学计划招收约150名新生入学，该学校旨在开发一种基于人工智能的教育新模式，同时培养具备强大人工智能素养、专业技术能力和创新能力的学生。此处为定语从句，先行词是the new school，关系词在从句中作定语，修饰aim，故填whose。 【错因分析】部分考生习惯性看到“…, __________....”结构，空白处前边有逗号，后续句首留空就想当然填写which。这里定语从句主语是aim，显然这里缺少定语，而不是主语。 避错攻略 【方法总结】若用which引导非限制性定语从句，须具备以下条件：1.空白处前边有逗号；2.空白处所在句子有谓语动词（否则就不能理解为定语从句）；3.从句缺少主语或宾语。 【干货必记1】which引导非限制性定语从句 一、先行词是整个主句的一部分--名词（短语），补充说明该名词的性质、特征、来源、用途等 We visited the Forbidden City, which is one of the most famous cultural relics in China. 我们参观了故宫，它是中国最著名的文物之一。(which指代the Forbidden City，说明其地位) The company launched three new products, which are popular among young consumers. 该公司推出了三款新产品，这些产品深受年轻消费者喜爱。(which指代three new products，谓语用 are) 二、which 指代前文整句话的内容，常译为 “这、这件事、这一点”，表结果、影响或评价 She didn’t attend the meeting, which made her boss very angry. 她没参加会议，这让她的老板非常生气。(which 指代 “未参会” 这件事，表影响) The government took strict measures to protect the environment, which was praised by the public. 政府采取了严格的环保措施，这得到了公众的赞扬。(which指代 “政府采取环保措施” 这件事，表评价) 三、如果逗号后句子没有谓语动词，不能理解为定语从句，很可能是名词短语作同位语 The Wandering Earth 2, a sci-fi disaster blockbuster, grossed more than RMB 4.02 billion at the Chinese box office. 《流浪地球 2》是一部科幻灾难大片，在中国的票房总收入超过 40.2 亿元人民币。 Project Hope, a nationwide public welfare initiative, has helped millions of poor students receive education since 1989. 希望工程是一项全国性的公益项目，自1989 年以来已帮助数百万贫困学生接受教育。 三、whose用作关系代词，在定语从句中作定语，先行词指人或物，其后面须有名词 The old man, whose house was damaged in the storm, was offered help by the community. 那位房子在暴风雨中受损的老人得到了社区的帮助。(先行词指人) The book, whose cover is designed with traditional patterns, tells the history of Chinese tea culture. 这本书的封面采用传统纹样设计，讲述了中国茶文化的历史。(先行词指物) 举一反三 1.（25-26高三上·陕西·月考）Each human body is home to trillions (万亿) of microbes, combined cells may outnumber human cells. 【答案】whose 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：每个人体都是数万亿微生物的家园，这些微生物的细胞总数可能超过人体细胞。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词microbes，且关系词在从句中作定语，修饰名词combined cells，表示所属关系，即“微生物的细胞”，故用关系代词whose引导该从句。故填whose。 【易错提醒】很多考生不看语境想当然填写which。其实combined cells作主语，空白处作定语。 2.（25-26高三上·宁夏中卫·月考）Legend of Mushroom, action-adventure role-playing game, earned USD 378 million abroad in the first six months of last year. 【答案】an 【解析】考查冠词。句意：《Legend of Mushroom》是一款动作冒险角色扮演游戏，去年上半年在海外赚得了3.78亿美元。此处泛指“一款动作冒险角色扮演游戏”，且action-adventure是以元音音素开头的单词，所以此处用不定冠词an。故填an。 【易错提醒】很多考生不看语境想当然填写which。其实 action-adventure role-playing game只是一个名词短语作定位语，起解释说明作用，不能理解为定语从句。 3.（25-26高三上·湖北襄阳·月考）This marks Seth’s second participation in the TCM night market, he sees as a valuable opportunity to improve his clinical skills. 【答案】which 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：这是塞思第二次参加中医药夜市，他认为这是提升临床技能的宝贵机会。此处是非限制性定语从句，先行词是“the TCM night market”，指物，且关系词在从句中作“sees”的宾语，需用“which”引导。故填which。 【易错提醒】很多考生不看语境想当然填写where，因为前边有表示地点的名词短语the TCM night market。其实定语从句谓语部分含有see…as…短语，表示“把……看作”，从句缺少宾语。 易错03 which和where引导的定语从句 易错典题 【例3】在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 (25-26高三上·江苏南京·月考) With a main span measureing, 420 meters, the Huajiang Grand Canyon Bridge anchors a new expressway that winds through one of China’s most mountainous provinces, __________ geography has long made traveling a challenge. 【答案】where 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：这座桥的主跨度为420米，它是一条新的高速公路的关键部分，这条高速公路蜿蜒穿过中国最多山的省份之一，这里的地理环境长期以来使旅行成为一项挑战。本空引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词provinces，且关系词代替先行词在从句中作地点状语，故用where引导。故填where。 【错因分析】部分考生因为没有弄清句子结构，看到逗号和句首留空就盲目填写which而造成误填。 避错攻略 【干货必记】如何区分先行词作状语还是宾语 一、先行词是地点名词，关系词不一定用where；先行词是时间名词，关系词不一定用when；先行词是原因名词，关系词不一定用why。 1.This is the factory that/which produces high-tech products. 这就是那家生产高科技产品的工厂。(先行词是地点名词，定语从句缺少主语) 2.This is the factory where her parents worked 10 years ago. 这就是他父母十年前工作的那家工厂。(先行词是地点名词，定语从句有主语，不需要宾语；缺少状语) 【避坑指南】关系副词where的先行词可以是具体地点名词，如school, museum, centre，还可以是抽象名词，如point, case, situation, stage, race, position, job等。 3.I still remember the days that/which we spent together in Beijing. 我还记得我们一起在北京度过的那些日子。(先行词是时间名词，定语从句缺少主语) 4.I still remember the day when we studied together in Beijing. 我还记得我们一起在北京学习的那些日子。(先行词是时间名词，定语从句有主语，无需宾语；缺少状语) 【避坑指南】关系副词when的先行词可以是具体时间名词，如day, month, year，还可以是抽象名词，如age, stay, occasion等。 5.The reason that/which he explained to me is not convincing. 他向我解释的那个理由没有说服力。(先行词是原因名词，定语从句缺少主语) 6.The reason why he failed to pass the driving test is not convincing. 他未能通过驾照考试的原因没有说服力。(先行词是原因名词，定语从句有主谓宾；缺少状语) 【避坑指南】关系副词why常用于The reason why…is that…句型。 二、窍门：学会分析句子成分，原句含有主谓宾或者不缺少宾语才能用关系副词；原句缺少主语或 宾语才能用关系代词。 举一反三 1.（2025全国二卷）Yet now, I live in the countryside of Zhejiang, China with my Chinese husband and his family, ___________ bamboo and tea bushes (灌木) grow wild in the mountains, chickens are always free-range, and central heating doesn’t exist. 【答案】where 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：然而现在，我和我的中国丈夫和他的家人住在中国浙江的农村，在那里山上野生竹子和茶树丛生，鸡总是自由放养的，而且没有集中供暖。本空引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the countryside of Zhejiang，China，关系词代替先行词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。故填where。 2.（2024全国甲卷）Yellowstone was the largest United States national park - 2.2 million acres - until Wrangell-Saint Elias in southern Alaska, ___________became a national monument in 1978, took the honors as a national park in 1980 with 12.3 million acres. 【答案】which 【解析】考查定语从句。句意同上。本空所在句子为定语从句，先行词为Wrangell-Saint Elias，从句中作主语，指物，引导非限制性定语从句用which，故填which。 3.（2021天津卷）At the Chinese art festival, there are different stands _________ artists demonstrate their skills and teach the visitors. 【答案】where 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：在中国艺术节上有不同的展台，在那里艺术家可以展示他们的技巧并教给参观者。分析句子成分可知，stands 作先行词，空格后的句子为定语从句来修饰stands ，从句中不缺主宾表，故选关系副词，先行词stands 在从句中作地点状语，所以应用where。 易错04 “介词+关系代词”易混点 易错典题 【例4】在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 (25-26高三上·天津西青·阶段练习) The research explores the degree ________ which modern technology has influenced education over the past 30 years. 【答案】to 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：这项研究探讨了在过去30年里现代技术对教育影响的程度。“ modern technology has influenced education over the past 30 years”是限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the degree，先行词在定语从句中作程度状语，表示“到……程度上”，用“to which”引导定语从句，相当于“to…degree”。故填to。 【错因分析】部分考生因为没有掌握to a degree的搭配而习惯性填写in造成误填。 【干货必记】“介词+关系代词”易错点 一、介词选择的原则：一看先行词特殊搭配，如to a degree；二看从句谓语动词搭配，如learn from；三看整个语境逻辑。特殊结构如in which case, with whose help等。 1.I can’t understand the reason for which he refused the invitation. 解析：先行词是 the reason，固定搭配为 for the reason，因此用 for which。 2.This is the teacher from whom we learned a lot. 解析：从句谓语是 learn，固定搭配为 learn from sb.，因此用 from whom。 3.The book about which she talked yesterday is very popular. 解析：从句谓语是 talk，固定搭配为 talk about sth.，因此用 about which。 4.He told me the way in which he solved the problem. 解析：先行词 way 表方式，逻辑上是 “用这种方法解题”，因此用 in which。 二、关系代词的选择：先行词指人用whom，先行词指物用which；特殊情况下考虑使用“介词+whose+名词”结构。 1.This is the expert from whom we got the latest information. 解析：先行词 the expert 指人；从句谓语 got 与 from 构成搭配 get sth. from sb.，因此用 from whom。 2.The tool with which he repaired the bike is missing. 解析：先行词 the tool 指物；固定搭配 repair sth. with sth.，因此用 with which。 3.I met a kind man, with whose help I found the lost station. 解析：固定搭配 with one’s help 的变形，介词 with 不可替换。 举一反三 1.（25-26高三上·黑龙江哈尔滨·月考）The problem which she is trying to find a solution is very tricky as there are no clear rules to follow. 【答案】to 【解析】考查介词。句意：她试图找出解决办法的那个问题非常棘手，因为没有明确的规则可以遵循。设空处与which一起引导定语从句，find a solution to...为固定短语，意为“找到……的解决办法”，在定语从句中，将介词to放在关系代词which前，其他内容不变。故填to。 2.（25-26高三上·江苏无锡·期中）We all respect the teacher from we’ve learned not only knowledge but also important life lessons. 【答案】whom 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：我们都尊敬那位老师，从他那里我们不仅学到了知识，还学到了重要的人生经验。teacher后为定语从句，先行词为the teacher，指人，关系词代替先行词在从句中作介词from的宾语，因而用关系代词whom。故填whom。 3.（25-26高三上·吉林·期中）Tom, on bicycle I went to the concert, is a friend of mine. 【答案】whose 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：汤姆是我的一个朋友，我是骑他的自行车去听音乐会的。此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为Tom，指人，“on + 关系代词 + bicycle”表示“骑某人的自行车”，在从句中作定语时，关系代词用whose，故填whose。 易错05 关系代词as引导的定语从句 易错典题 【例5】在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 (2023全国甲卷) Yet, the form of the fable still has values today, _________Rachel Carson says in “A Fable for Tomorrow”. 【答案】as 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：然而，正如雷切尔·卡森在《明日寓言》中所说，寓言的形式在今天仍然具有价值。引导非限定性定语从句，且有“正如”之意，用关系代词as引导。故填as。 【干货必记】关系代词as的易错点 一、such…as…引导定语从句，关系词作主语或宾语，such…that…引导结果状语从句，that只起连接作用不作句子成分。 1.She has such a good memory as everyone admires. （such…as引导定语从句） 她有一副人人都羡慕的极好记忆力。 解析：先行词是 a good memory，as 指代它，在从句中作 admires 的宾语。 2. She has such a good memory that she can recite the whole poem in 5 minutes. （such…that引导状语从句） 翻译：她的记忆力如此好，以至于能在 5 分钟内背完整首诗。 解析：that 无成分，从句 she can recite… 是“记忆力好”带来的结果。 二、关系代词as引导非限制性定语从，位于主句的前、中、后，强调前后逻辑一致，表示“正如……。 1.As we expected, he won the first prize in the competition.（as从句位于主句之前） 正如我们预料的那样，他在比赛中获得了一等奖。 解析：as 指代“他赢得一等奖”，译为“正如我们预料的那样”。 2.The result, as we can see from the report, is quite satisfying. （as从句插入主句中） 正如我们从报告中看到的那样，这个结果相当令人满意。 解析：as 指代主句“结果令人满意”，插入句中，译为“正如我们从报告中看到的”。 3.The plan will be carried out next month, as has been announced. （as从句位于主句之后） 正如已经宣布的那样，这项计划将于下月实施。 解析：as 指代“计划下月执行”，译为“正如已经宣布的那样”。 举一反三 1.（25-26高二上·黑龙江哈尔滨·月考）In the library are such interesting storybooks many students spend their weekends reading. 【答案】as 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：图书馆里有如此有趣的故事书，以至于许多学生周末都花时间阅读。空处引导限定性定语从句，从句中reading缺少宾语，且先行词interesting storybooks被such修饰，只能用关系代词as作引导词。故填as。 2.（2025高三下·全国·专题练习）The old man is such a hard-working gardener quite a few gardens want to hire as a full-time worker. 【答案】as 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：这位老人是一位如此勤劳的园丁，以至于相当多的花园都想聘请他作为全职工人。“________ quite a few gardens want to hire as a full-time worker”是限制性定语从句，修饰先行词gardener，关系词将其代入从句中作hire的宾语，且前面有such修饰，需要关系代词as引导该从句。故填as。 3.（25-26高三上·福建厦门·开学考试）While more notes are beneficial, if the notes are taken mindlessly, is often the case on a laptop, the benefit disappears. 【答案】as 【解析】考查as引导非限制性定语从句。 句意：虽然更多的笔记是有益的，但如果像通常用笔记本电脑记笔记那样盲目地记笔记，这种益处就消失了。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，是对前文“the notes are taken mindlessly”这一情况的补充说明，关系词在从句中作主语，表示“正如，像”，用关系代词as引导，“as is often the case”是固定表达，意为“情况常常如此”。故填as。 4.（2025高三·全国·专题练习） is often the case, the fact that something is cheap doesn’t necessarily mean it’s of low quality. 【答案】As 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：通常情况下，便宜的东西并不一定意味着质量差。空格处引导的是非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词是后面整个主句的内容，且表示“正如”，因此用关系代词as替代先行词引导定语从句并在从句中作主语，as is often the case意为“情况常常如此”，因此空格处是as，位于句首的单词首字母大写，故填As。 易错06 定语从句主谓一致的用法 易错典题 【例6】在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 (25-26高三·江苏无锡·阶段练习) Tom was the only one of the students who (admit) to the key school that year. 【答案】was admitted 【解析】考查主谓一致、时态。句意：汤姆是那一年唯一一个被重点学校录取的学生。分析句子结构，本句使用了“the only one of +名词”结构，该结构后面的定语从句中的谓语动词用单数形式，根据时间状语that year可知句子表达的是过去发生的动作，从句谓语动词使用一般过去时，故填was admitted。 【错因分析】部分考生因为不了解定语从句先行词出现one of….结构的用法而是简单照搬汉语而填写复数，从而造成误填。 【干货必记】非谓语在with复合结构用法辨析 1. 定语从句先行词含有one of…结构，定语从句的谓语动词需与复数先行词保持一致，谓语用复数。 This is one of the books that were published last year. 这是去年出版的书籍中的一本。 解析：先行词是 "the books"（复数），"that" 指代复数书籍，从句谓语用复数 "were"。 2. 定语从句先行词是the only/very one of…结构，从句的谓语动词需与单数先行词 one 保持一致，用单数形式。 This is the very one of the books that was published last year. 这正是去年出版的那本书（特指唯一的一本）。 解析：先行词是 "the very one"（单数），"that" 指代这个唯一的书籍，从句谓语用单数 "was"；突出 “在去年出版的所有书中，这是特指的、唯一的那本”。 举一反三 1. (2020江苏卷) If you look at all sides of the situation, you’ll find probably a solution that ___________(suit) everyone. 【答案】suits 解析：考查定语从句动词时态。句意：如果你从各个方面看问题，你可能会找到一个适合每个人 解决方案。句子描述的客观事实，应使用一般现在时；此处是定语从句谓语动词，先行词是a solution，从句谓语动词应使用第三人称单数形式。 2.（25-26高三·全国·课后作业）Barbara is easy to recognize as she’s the only one of the women who ________ (wear) ordinary evening dress. 【答案】wears 【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：芭芭拉很容易认出来，因为她是唯一一个穿普通晚礼服的女人。分析句子可知，who引导的限制性定语从句的先行词是the only one of the women，其中含有only，谓语动词应用单数形式，结合前面的is可知，此处时态应用一般现在时，因此空处应用wears。故填wears。 3.(25-26高三·山东济南·期中) Anyone who ___________(want) to see the film should put up your hands. 【答案】wants 【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：凡是想看电影的请举手。anyone作主语，谓语动词应用单数。故答案是wants。 闯关一、在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 1．（2026高三·全国·专题练习）For students considering future careers in technology, humanoid robotics represents one of the most exciting and promising fields may transform industries and daily life. 【答案】that 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：对于考虑未来从事科技行业的学生来说，人形机器人技术是最令人兴奋、最有前景的领域之一，它可能会改变行业和日常生活。空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词fields，先行词指物，且被形容词最高级the most exciting and promising修饰，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词that引导。故填that。 2.（2025高三·全国·专题练习）The local chef introduced a special way combines traditional cooking skills with modern nutritional concepts to make healthy dishes. 【答案】that/which 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：当地厨师介绍了一种将传统烹饪技巧与现代营养概念相结合的特殊方法，以制作健康菜肴。本空引导定语从句，先行词是way，指物，且关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语，用that或which引导。故填that或which。 3.（2025高三·云南·专题练习）Beijing is also a place welcomes the fast-paced development of modern life, with 21st-century architectural wonders standing side by side with historical buildings of the past. 【答案】 which/that 【解析】考查定语从句和名词复数。句意：北京也是一个欢迎现代生活快速发展的地方，21世纪的建筑奇观与过去的历史建筑并肩而立。第一空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词place，且在从句中作主语，指物，故应用关系代词which或that引导该从句。故填which/that。 4.（2023高三上·全国·专题练习）The documents are available to the younger generation of communities from ___________ the materials were originally collected. 【答案】whom 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：这些材料向社区的年轻一代开放，这些材料就是从他们那里收集来的。先行词为the younger generations of communities，指人，作from的宾语，用关系代词whom。故填whom。 5.（2026高三·上海·专题练习）Their leader, Robert E. Peary, captured the historic moment in photographs as his team proudly held up their flags. Among them was Matthew Henson, an experienced explorer skills had been vital to their success. 【答案】whose 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：在他们当中有 Matthew Henson，一位经验丰富的探险家，他的技能对他们的成功至关重要。“_____ skills had been vital to their success”为定语从句，修饰先行词an experienced explorer，关系词代替先行词在从句中作定语，修饰skills，用关系代词whose引导。故填whose。 6.（2025高三·全国·专题练习）The little girl has the same optimistic personality her mother used to have when she was young. 【答案】as 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：这个小女孩有着和她母亲年轻时曾经拥有的一样的乐观性格。此空引导限制性定语从句，先行词optimistic personality指物，在从句中作have宾语，且先行词前有the same修饰，此定语从句用关系代词as引导。故填as。 7.（22-23高三·全国·假期作业）Search engines search the Internet based on the key words you type in, and choose such web pages for you contain the words you ask for. 【答案】as 【解析】考查定语从句关系代词。句意：搜索引擎根据你输入的关键词搜索互联网，并为你选择出包含你要求的关键词的网页。空处引导限制性定语从句，web pages为先行词，前有such修饰，从句缺少主语，所以此处是关系代词as引导从句。故填as。 8.（2025高三·全国·专题练习）Although the game’s huge success in China is partly because people there know the story of Journey to the West, the fact that it has also caught the interest of international audiences, many of ________ lack this cultural background, suggests that Black Myth is on the right path. 【答案】whom 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：尽管这款游戏在中国取得巨大成功的部分原因是人们知道《西游记》的故事，但它也引起了许多缺乏这种文化背景的国际观众的兴趣，这表明《黑神话》走在了正确的道路上。many of ____引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是international audiences，指人，在定语从句中作介词of的宾语，应用关系代词whom。故填whom。 9.（2024高三下·全国·专题练习）Heritage sites not only often provide answers to questions, but also often pose questions which there are no definitive answers at the moment. 【答案】to 【解析】考查介词。句意：遗产遗址不仅经常提供问题的答案，而且经常提出目前没有明确答案的问题。此处为“介词+which”引导的定语从句修饰先行词questions，which指代的为先行词questions，结合句意可知，与answer搭配的介词应为to表示“……的答案”，所以此处使用介词to。故填to。 10.（2023高三·全国·专题练习）It aims at being a gathering place in companies can have their own space to promote their products and services through virtual trade fairs. 【答案】which 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：它的目标是成为一个聚集的地方，在这里，企业可以有自己的空间，通过虚拟贸易交易会推广他们的产品和服务。设空处前有介词in，先行词为place，在定语从句中作地点状语，此处为“介词＋which”引导的定语从句。根据句意，故填which。 11.（2025高三·全国·专题练习）“The recent operation lays a solid scientific and experimental foundation towards the running of a fusion reactor,” said Gong Xianzu, a researcher at the Institute of Plasma Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, led the latest experiment. 【答案】who 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：“最近的操作为运行聚变反应堆奠定了坚实的科学和实验基础，”中国科学院等离子体物理研究所的研究员Gong Xianzu说，他领导了最新的实验。空处引导一个非限制性定语从句，修饰前面的先行词为a researcher，表示人，并在从句中作主语，用关系代词who引导从句。故填who。 12.（2025高三·全国·专题练习）The concept finds particular resonance (共鸣) in China, focus is in line with the concept of Ecological Civilization — the ruling model when it comes to all aspects of Chinese environmental governance. 【答案】whose 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：这一理念在中国引起了特别的共鸣，中国的发展核心与生态文明理念相契合——生态文明是中国环境治理各方面的主导模式。此空引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中作定语，先行词China，与focus之间为所属关系，表示“……的”，用关系代词whose引导此从句。故填whose。 13.（24-25高三上·全国·课后作业） is seen from the picture, a student is overloaded with piles of homework and endless after­school training, making him breathless. 【答案】As 【解析】考查非限制性定语从句。句意：从照片中可以看出，一名学生被成堆的家庭作业和无休止的放学后训练弄得喘不过气来。此处是非限制性定语从句引导词，从句缺少主语，表示“正如”，应使用关系代词as。位于句首首字母大写，故填As。 14．（2025高三·全国·专题练习）Shi Shen was referred to as one of the outstanding contributors to world astronomy, after the largest crater (环形山) on the back of the moon was named. 【答案】whom 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：石申被誉为世界天文学的杰出贡献者之一，月球背面最大的环形山便是以他的名字命名的。“after ________ the largest crater (环形山) on the back of the moon was named”是非限制性定语从句，先行词Shi Shen，指人，在从句中作介词after的宾语，此空用关系代词whom，构成“介词+关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句。故填whom。 15.（2025高三下·全国·专题练习） has been stressed many times, learning English well is of great importance to your career development in the future. 【答案】As 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：正如已经强调过很多次的那样，学好英语对你未来的职业发展至关重要。空处引导非限制性定语从句，指代下文句子，在定语从句中作主语，表示“正如”应用关系代词as，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填As。 16.（2025高三上·江苏·专题练习）A relevant expert pointed out that there are more than 2,800 developed or developing ancient towns in our country, is definitely the highest number globally. 【答案】which 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：相关专家指出，我国已开发或正在开发的古镇有2800多个，这绝对是全球最多的。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词2,800，代替先行词在从句作主语，用关系代词which引导从句。故填which。 17.（2025高三·全国·专题练习）Scott Ian Rainen, a foreigner from the United States, works at China Foreign Languages Publishing Administration, says he was happy to read the new books. 【答案】who 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：斯科特・伊恩・雷宁是一名来自美国的外国人，任职于中国外文出版发行事业局，他表示很高兴能读到这些新书。此空引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Scott Ian Rainen，指人，关系词指代先行词在从句中作主语，用关系代词who。故填who。 18.（2026高三·全国·专题练习）The lock is produced through a complex technique countless small wooden pieces are crafted to interlock without the use of nails. 【答案】where 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：这种锁通过一种复杂的工艺制成，在该工艺中，无数小木片被加工成相互咬合的形状，无需使用钉子。根据先行词technique以及定语从句中缺少地点状语(in the technique)可知，此处应用关系副词where引导定语从句。故填where。 19.（2024高三下·全国·专题练习）The origin of facial makeup used in Peking Opera can be traced back to the Northern and Southern Dynasties, leading actors used to wear masks. 【答案】when 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：京剧中使用的脸谱的起源可以追溯到南北朝时期，当时的主角常戴面具。分析句子可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the Northern and Southern Dynasties，先行词在定语从句中作时间状语，应用关系副词when。故填when。 20.（2024高三下·全国·专题练习）Woesler said that one of the reasons modern Chinese literature has attracted him is that many works have strong regional characteristics. 【答案】why 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：沃斯勒说，中国现代文学吸引他的一个原因是，许多作品都具有强烈的地域特色。分析句子可知，此处引导限定词定语从句，先行词为the reasons，关系词替代先行词在从句中作原因状语从句，应用关系副词why引导。故填why。 闯关二、在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Shenzhen's 24-hour "food bank" has become a warm symbol of the city. 1 (launch) in May 2022, the project has been running for over three and a half years and has benefited 484,000 people so far. 2 traditional banks, it doesn't store money but offers free food to those in need, such as fresh vegetables, bread and "veteran steamed buns". The project operates under a collaborative model: government guidance, enterprise participation, social organization operation and whole-society contributions. To date, 87 enterprises 3 (join) in donating surplus but safe food, 4 helps reduce waste at the source. Smart cabinets(冰柜) have covered all 10 streets in Futian District, making charity supplies 5 (easy) accessible to people. Food safety is always 6 top priority. The cabinets keep a constant temperature below 10℃ and all food sources are traceable. With regular inspection by authorities and food safety insurance, people can receive food with confidence. The project follows a "priority for vulnerable(脆弱的) groups first, then for all" rule. Low-income families, the disabled and sanitation workers can reserve food using the "iShenzhen" App before 8 p.m. Any leftovers will be open to cities after that, 7 (ensure) no food is wasted. This small cabinet not only saves about 195 tons of food from landfills but also 8 (reflect) the city's humanistic care. It has won many provincial and municipal public welfare awards for its 9 (innovate) operation. It 10 (hope) that more enterprises and individuals will join this public welfare cause in the future. 【答案】1. Launched 2. Unlike 3. have joined 4. which 5. easily 6. a 7. ensuring 8. reflects 9. innovative 10. is hoped 【导语】深圳的24小时“食物银行”已成为这座城市温暖的象征。该项目于2022年5月启动，至今已运行了三年半多，目前已惠及48.4万人。因其创新的运营模式，它荣获了多项省市级公益奖项。希望未来有更多的企业和个人加入到这项公益事业中来。 1.考查非谓语。句意：该项目于2022年5月启动，至今已运行了三年半多，目前已惠及48.4万人。结合语境这里应用非谓语作状语，同时又含有被动含义。故填Launched。 2.考查介词。句意：与传统银行不同，它不存钱，而是为有需要的人提供免费食物，比如新鲜蔬菜、面包和“老面馒头”。结合语境这里应用unlike表示“不像……”，用于类比。故填 Unlike。 3.考查动词时态。句意：到目前为止，已有87家企业参与捐赠剩余但安全的食品，这有助于从源头上减少浪费。to date=so far=up to now，表示“到现在为止”，常与现在完成时连用。故填have joined。 4.考查定语从句。句意：同上。结合语境这里应用关系代词which引导非限制性定语从句，并充当其主语。故填which。 5.考查副词。句意：智能柜已覆盖福田区的全部10个街道，让人们能轻松获取慈善物资。修饰形容词应用副词。故填easily。 6.考查冠词。句意：食品安全始终是重中之重。a top priority表示“一件头等重要的事”。故填a。 7.考查非谓语。句意：有相关部门的定期检查和食品安全保险，人们可以放心领取食物。结合语境这里应用现在分词作伴随状语。故填 ensuring。 8.考查动词时态。句意：这个小小的智能柜不仅避免了约195吨食物被填埋，还体现了这座城市的人文关怀。这是一个并列句，谓语动词应保持一致，故填 reflects。 9.考查形容词。句意：因其创新的运营模式，它荣获了多项省市级公益奖项。结合语境这里应用形容词作定语，innovative表示“有创新的”。故填innovative。 10.考查多次时态语态。句意：希望未来有更多的企业和个人加入到这项公益事业中来。It is hoped that…表示“人们希望……”，that引导主语从句。故填 is hoped。 18 / 18 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $