精品解析：广东省深圳科学高中2025-2026学年高一上学期期中英语试卷

深圳科学高中2025-2026学年第一学期期中考试试题 科目：高一英语 考试时长：120分钟 卷面总分：130分 第一部分 语法基础(共10小题：每小题1分，满分10分) 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1. Progress _____ so far very good and we are sure that the work will be finished on time. A. was B. had been C. has been D. will be 2. The way the guests ________ in the hotel influenced their evaluation of the service. A. were treated B. treated C. would be treated D. would treat 3. Simon, make sure the tables ________ before the guests arrive. A. be set B. are set C. are setting D. set 4. Because the shop ______, all the T-shirts are sold at half prices. A. has closed down B. closed down C. is closing down D. had closed down 5. —Dr. Mike is not in his office at the moment. —All right, I ________ him later. A. will be calling B. have called C. call D. will call 6. We live in an age ________ more information is available with great ease than ever before. A. that B. when C. where D. which 7. They chatted about things and people ________ they missed from middle school years. A. who B. which C. that D. whom 8. There are many students ________ only meaningful weekend activity is volunteering in the community. A. whose B. who C. that D. which 9. Sales director is a position ________ communication ability is just as important as sales. A. which B. that C. when D. where 10. Mary was much kinder to Mike than she was to the others, ________ made all the others upset. A. who B. that C. what D. which 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A You probably know who Marie Curie was, but you may not have heard of Rachel Carson. Of the outstanding ladies listed below, who do you think was the most important woman of the past 100 years? Jane Addams (1860-1935) Anyone who has ever been helped by a social worker has Jane Addams to thank. Addams helped the poor and worked for peace. She encouraged a sense of community (社区) by creating shelters and promoting education and services for people in need. In 1931, Addams became the first American woman to win the Nobel Peace Prize. Rachel Carson (1907-1964) If it weren’t for Rachel Carson, the environmental movement might not exist today. Her popular1962 book Silent Spring raised awareness of the dangers of pollution and the harmful effects of chemicals on humans and on the world’s lakes and oceans. Sandra Day O’Connor (1930-present) When Sandra Day O’Connor finished third in her class at Stanford Law School, in 1952, she could not find work at a law firm because she was a woman. She became an Arizona state senator (参议员) and, in 1981, the first woman to join the US Supreme Court. O’Connor gave the deciding vote in many important cases during her 24 years on the top court. Rosa Parks (1913-2005) On 1 December 1955, in Montgomery, Alabama, Rosa Parks would not give up her seat on a bus toa white passenger. Her simple act landed Parks in prison. But it also set off the Montgomery bus boycott. It lasted for more than a year, and kicked off the civil-rights movement. “The only tired I was, was tired of giving in,” said Parks. 11. What is Jane Addams noted for in history? A Her social work. B. Her teaching skills. C. Her efforts to win a prize. D. Her community background. 12. What was the reason for O’Connor’s being rejected by the law firm? A. Her lack of proper training in law. B. Her little work experience in court. C. The discrimination (歧视) against women. D. The poor financial conditions. 13. Who made a great contribution to the civil-rights movement in the US? A. Jane Addams. B. Rachel Carson. C. Sandra Day O’Connor. D. Rosa Parks. B I was sitting at my kitchen table the other day with a pen, notebook, calculator and a pile of bills. I was doing my monthly budget. There were bills for rent, insurance, the car, the phone, and cable (有线电视), plus money for food, gas, clothes, and hopefully a little left over for unexpected expenses. When I was done, I shook my head, closed my eyes and thought of a time long ago when I would regularly get treasures. When I was a boy, we lived across the road from Camp Caesar. It held week-long camps throughout the summer and my grandma who I lovingly called “Nanny” worked in her big kitchen. Every time I visited her, I was greeted with a warm smile, a hug, and a kiss. After that, she would hand me a hot roll, still fresh from her kitchen. Then she would reach into her pockets and pull out a treasure — a shiny quarter, which I would quickly use to buy an ice-cold Coke or a warm cherry Coke and a small bag of chips. I always took my time deciding, feeling rich for a few minutes. Looking back now I can see that the real treasure was not the quarter at all. It was the love with which Nanny gave it to me. It was her smile, hugs, and kisses that were priceless in my heart then and now. The old saying is true, “With your work you can make a living, but it is with your love that you make a life.” You can always welcome love into your heart, soul and mind. And you can always share your love with others. It is that one treasure that lasts forever. 14. According to Paragraph 1, what was the author trying to figure out? A. Where to get treasures. B. What food and supplies to buy. C. How to sort out these bills at hand. D. How to balance the money available. 15. What does the underlined word “roll” in Paragraph 2 refer to? A. A sound. B. A greeting. C. A kind of act. D. A kind of bread. 16. Which of the following best describes Nanny? A. Loving. B. Helpful. C. Humorous. D. Selfless. 17. Why does the author mention the old saying in the last Paragraph? A To change people’s heart and soul. B. To show what we should value in life. C. To explain work and love can make a life. D. To advise more love and sharing in childhood. C When learning a foreign language, most people fall back on traditional ways: reading, writing, listening and repeating. But Brian Mathias’ research team found out that if you gesture(做手势) with your arms while studying, you can remember the vocabulary better, even months later. As Mathias describes, they had 22 German-speaking adults learn a total of 90 invented words over four days. While the test subjects first heard the new vocabulary, they were shown a video of a person making a gesture that matched the meaning of the word. When the word was repeated, the subjects performed the gesture themselves. Five months later, they were asked to translate the vocabulary they had learned into German. At the same time, they had equipment attached to their heads that sent weak distracting signals to their primary motor cortex(运动皮层) — the brain area that controls voluntary arm movements. Those who performed better on the task showed a higher level of activity in their motor cortex. The researchers concluded that the motor cortex contributed to the translation of the vocabulary learned with gestures. The effect did not occur when the subjects were only presented with matching pictures instead of gestures. Another research group led by Leipzig had young adults and eight-year-old children listen to new vocabulary for five days, paired with matching pictures or videos of gestures. After two months, the two methods were still equally effective. But after six months, the adults benefited more from the gestures than the pictures, while the children were helped equally by both. But it is not only the motor cortex itself that promotes learning. The meaning expressed by the gesture also figures in, “I think we underuse gesture in our classrooms,” Goldin-Meadow says. “Good teachers and good listeners use it, but not always in a systematic way. Others don’t necessarily bring it into the class — and it could be used more often and more effectively.” 18. What do we know according to Brian Mathias’ research? A. Those only presented with matching pictures performed better. B. The motor cortex had nothing to do with the vocabulary learning. C. The research concluded that gestures benefited vocabulary learning. D. 22 German-speaking adults and children were chosen as the test subjects. 19. Why was equipment attached to the subjects’ heads during Mathias’ test? A. To count words. B. To record emotion. C. To influence brain activity. D. To give clues to questions. 20. What does Leipzig’s research tell us about language learning? A. Adults and children are equally good learners. B. Pictures have little influence on language learning. C. Pictures are found more helpful than videos for children. D. Benefits of gestures are more obvious in adults in the long run. 21. What does the author suggest teachers do in the classroom? A. Make better use of gestures. B. Teach listening in a systematic way. C. Avoid traditional teaching approaches. D. Do some scientific researches on teaching. D Who is a genius? This question has greatly interested humankind for centuries Let’s state clearly: Einstein was a genius. His face is almost the international symbol for genius. But we want to go beyond one man and explore the nature of genius itself. Why is it that some people are so much more intelligent or creative than the rest of us? And who are they? In the sciences and arts, those praised as geniuses were most often white men, of European origin. Perhaps this is not a surprise. It’s said that history is written by the victors, and those victors set the standards for admission to the genius club. When contributions were made by geniuses outside the club—women, or people of a different color or belief—they were unacknowledged and rejected by others. A study recently published by Science found that as young as age six, girls are less likely than boys to say that members of their gender(性别)are “really, really smart.” Even worse, the study found that girls act on that belief: Around age six they start to avoid activities said to be for children who are “really, really smart.” Can our planet afford to have any great thinkers become discouraged and give up? It doesn’t take a genius to know the answer: absolutely not. Here’s the good news. In a wired world with constant global communication, we’re all positioned to see flashes of genius wherever they appear. And the more we look, the more we will see that social factors(因素)like gender, race, and class do not determine the appearance of genius. As a writer says, future geniuses come from those with “intelligence, creativity, perseverance(毅力), and simple good fortune, who are able to change the world.” 22. What does the author think of victors’ standards for joining the genius club? A. They’re unfair. B. They’re conservative. C. They’re objective. D. They’re strict. 23. What can we infer about girls from the study in Science? A. They think themselves smart. B. They look up to great thinkers. C. They see gender differences earlier than boys. D. They are likely to be influenced by social beliefs 24. Why are more geniuses known to the public? A. Improved global communication. B. Less discrimination against women. C. Acceptance of victors’ concepts. D. Changes in people’s social positions. 25. What is the best title for the text? A. Geniuses Think Alike B. Genius Takes Many Forms C. Genius and Intelligence D. Genius and Luck 第二节(共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Do you live in harmony with your pet? ____26____ For example, you need to set clear boundaries for them, treat them with respect, and spend quality time together. Here are some ways that may help you develop a good relationship with your pet friend. ____27____ You should realize that it takes some time to build a long-lasting bond with your pet. Some animals, like dogs and cats, might naturally follow you around more easily than other smaller mammals and reptiles (爬行动物). Therefore, if your pet doesn’t warm to you right away, you should give them more time. Be the boss. ____28____ Set aside time to practice them with your pet each day. If your pet breaks a rule, use body language and calm but firm words to let them know what they have done is not permitted. Understand your pet’s body language. Body language is vastly different depending on what sort of animal you have chosen as your pet. If you’re unsure of your pet’s body language, consider buying a book or browsing some web pages devoted to your specific animal. ____29____ Regularly be around your pet. Your pet is only part of your life, but for them, you are their whole life. ____30____ Don’t take no notice of them. Act happily when seeing them. How you show your pleasure in seeing them will depend on what type of pet they are. A. Be patient with your pet. B. Be calm when they attack you. C. Set rules and boundaries, and stick to them. D. It’s unwise to use some violent words to treat your pet. E. Then you will become a better communicator increasingly. F. That’s why it’s important to spend quality time with your pet. G. Actually, living with an animal is like living with a human friend. 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 One day, Miss Ellis gave her pupils a new kind of homework: homework on happiness. Her pupils would be “happiness ___31___ ” and were to see what would happen when they tried to bring happiness to those around them. As part of their homework, all the students did really ___32___, wonderful things, but what Carla Chalmers did left everyone ___33___. Several days after the homework bad been handed out, Carla turned up carrying a big bag. “Here in this bag I have all the happiness I’ve collected so far,” she said with a(n) ___34___ look. On seeing this, everyone was filled with ___35___, but Carla didn’t want to show anyone what was in the bag. Instead, she pulled out a small box and gave it to her teacher. When Miss Ellis had taken the box, Carla took a(n) ___36___ camera out of her own pocket and stood with it at the ready. “Open it, Miss Ellis.” The teacher slowly opened the box and looked inside. A big smile ___37___ on her face, and at that moment Carla took a photo, Carla’s photo came out of the camera immediately, and she ___38___ it to Miss Ellis along with a sheet of paper. The teacher read the paper in silence, and when she had finished, she gestured (打手势) at the ___39___. “Oh, so it’s...” “Yes!” interrupted Carla, ___40___ the bag. “It’s a great big pile of smiles!” Photos of different ___41___ fell out. The rest of the class tried to ___42___ how Carla had managed to create such a great big chain of happiness. All there in the box was a photo of a big smile. But everyone who had seen it felt happiness being transmitted (传送) to them, and in return, without ___43___, every person ___44___ with a smile of their own. She managed to ___45___ understanding of the smile truth that every time you smile you are sending a gift to the world. 31. A. explorers B. instructors C. players D. collectors 32. A. regretful B. joyful C. helpful D. thankful 33 A. surprised B. satisfied C. annoyed D. bored 34. A. disappointed B. sad C. anxious D. delighted 35. A. doubt B. kindness C. expectation D. pride 36. A. expensive B. old C. instant D. cheap 37. A. disappeared B. lost C. failed D. shone 38. A. offered B. sold C. quit D. paid 39. A. box B. bag C. camera D. pocket 40. A. packing B. loading C. carrying D. opening 41. A. smiles B. teachers C. ceremonies D. friends 42. A. try out B. appeal to C. decide on D. think out 43. A. concentration B. expression C. hesitation D. determination 44. A. responded B. refused C. hosted D. competed 45. A. hide B. correct C. request D. spread 第二节(共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词) 或括号内单词的正确形式。 The history of Teachers’ Day ____46____ (date) back to the Han Dynasty. According to records, during the Han and Jin dynasties, every year ____47____ August 27, Confucius’ birthday, the emperor, ____48____(follow) by court (宫廷) officials, would visit the Confucius Temple ____49____(pay) tribute(敬意) to the ancient philosopher and invite royal teachers to the court for a meal. Local officials followed the court and on this day, teachers across the country enjoyed a day’s holiday and received dried meat as ____50____ gift. Teachers with outstanding performance would____51____ (pick) from colleges and learning institutions throughout the country, reported to the court, and given 500 liang silver coins as a prize. ____52____(normal), an ancient teacher’s income included salary, accommodation ____53____ festival gifts. In private schools, teachers always received money or gifts from the host family at certain festivals or at the ____54____(begin) and end of each semester. The festivals in _____55_____ teachers received gifts varied from region to region, while the most valued ones were the Duanwu, Mid-autumn and Chinese New Year festivals, as well as Confucius’ birthday and the private tutor’s birthday. 第四部分 词汇基础(共25小题：每小题1分，满分25分) 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 56. The news aroused a lot of ________ (curios) among local people.(所给词的适当形式填空) 57. Teaching her young students is what makes her work worthwhile because of their ________ (eager) and enthusiasm. (所给词的适当形式填空) 58. What I find most ________ (challenge) is not the failure itself, but the courage to start all over again. (所给词的适当形式填空) 59. I’m more ________ (select) about the programmes I watch than I used to be. (所给词的适当形式填空) 60. A good leader should create an atmosphere of trust, which is essential for developing ________ (create) and innovation among team members. (所给词的适当形式填空) 61. There is every ________ (likely) that more jobs will be lost later this year. (所给词的适当形式填空) 62. ________ (addition), all our credit cards should have photo ID printed on them. (所给词的适当形式填空) 63. There’s a growing ________ (recognize) that it’s never too late to learn English. (所给词的适当形式填空) 64. People tend to make _________ (assume) about you when you have a disability. (所给词的适当形式填空) 65. English is compulsory for all students, but art and music are ________(option).（所给词的适当形式填空） 66. She always had great ________ (admire) for people who could speak so many languages. (所给词的适当形式填空) 67. I’m not very ________ (adventure) when it comes to trying new food. (所给词的适当形式填空) 68. Many elderly people expressed a strong ________ (prefer) to live in their own homes. (所给词的适当形式填空) 69. Who did the ________ (illustrate) for the book? They’re lovely. (所给词的适当形式填空) 70. The fear of unemployment can be a source of deep_____ (anxious) to people. (所给词的适当形式填空） 71. We have high expectations for the forthcoming English Drama Festival held ________ (annual). (所给词的适当形式填空) 72. Typhoon “Ragasa” caused widespread ________ (destroy) in the Shenzhen area. (所给词的适当形式填空) 73. The company hopes to be one of the ________ (survive) of the economic crisis. (所给词的适当形式填空) 74. The student stood up ________ panic when the teacher called his name. (用适当的词填空) 75. She let out a sigh ________ the sight of the huge pile of homework. (用适当的词填空) 76. The wisdom our teacher shared with us speaks ________ a legacy that will guide us for a lifetime. (用适当的词填空) 77. True learning requires you to focus and reflect ________ the process of thinking itself, cultivating the ability to question. (用适当的词填空) 78. In the global race for renewable energy, China is now firmly ________ the lead. (用适当的词填空) 79. In our pursuit of efficiency, we often lose track ________ why we started. (用适当的词填空) 80. It is more important to recover ________ a failure than to never fail at all. (用适当的词填空) 第五部分 应用文写作(满分15分) 81. 假定你是李华，你的好友Peter在进入高中后，发现自己难以平衡繁重的学业和丰富的社团活动，感到压力很大。他为此感到很苦恼，写信向你求助。请你用英语给他写一封回信。内容要点包括： 1. 表达理解，并给予安慰； 2. 提出建议(至少两点)； 3. 表达祝福。 注意： 1. 词数80左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Peter, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely, Li Hua 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 深圳科学高中2025-2026学年第一学期期中考试试题 科目：高一英语 考试时长：120分钟 卷面总分：130分 第一部分 语法基础(共10小题：每小题1分，满分10分) 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1. Progress _____ so far very good and we are sure that the work will be finished on time. A. was B. had been C. has been D. will be 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查时态。句意：到目前为止进展非常顺利，我们相信这项工作会按时完成。根据句中提示词so far可判断时态用现在完成时。空前名词progress“进步”为不可数名词，所以助动词用has。故选C。 2. The way the guests ________ in the hotel influenced their evaluation of the service. A. were treated B. treated C. would be treated D. would treat 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查动词的时态和被动语态。句意：客人在酒店里被对待的方式影响了他们对服务的评价。由主句谓语动词“influenced”使用了一般过去时可知，从句描述的是过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，又因“guests”与“treat”之间是被动关系，即客人被酒店对待，应用一般过去时的被动语态，故选 A 项。 3. Simon, make sure the tables ________ before the guests arrive. A. be set B. are set C. are setting D. set 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查动词时态语态。句意：西蒙，确保客人到达前桌子被摆放好。make sure后接宾语从句，从句主语 the tables与 set为被动关系，需用被动语态；结合“before the guests arrive”(一般现在时)，从句需用一般现在时的被动语态 are set。故选B。 4. Because the shop ______, all the T-shirts are sold at half prices. A. has closed down B. closed down C. is closing down D. had closed down 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查时态。句意：因为这个商店即将倒闭，所以所有T恤半价出售。结合语意all the T-shirts are sold at half prices.可知，此处应用现在进行时表示将来，表示“商店即将倒闭”。故选C。 5. —Dr. Mike is not in his office at the moment. —All right, I ________ him later. A. will be calling B. have called C. call D. will call 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查时态。句意：——迈克医生现在不在办公室。——好的，我稍后给他打电话。 句中later提示动作发生在将来，应用一般将来时“will + 动词原形”。故选D。 6. We live in an age ________ more information is available with great ease than ever before. A. that B. when C. where D. which 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我们生活在一个能比以往任何时候都更容易获取更多信息的时代。空格处引导定语从句，对先行词an age进行限定说明，关系词在从句中作时间状语，所以用关系副词when引导从句。故选B项。 7. They chatted about things and people ________ they missed from middle school years. A. who B. which C. that D. whom 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句引导词，句意：他们聊起了中学时代想念的那些人和事。此处先行词things and people既包含物也包含人，且从句缺少宾语，定语从句引导词需用that。故选C。 8. There are many students ________ only meaningful weekend activity is volunteering in the community. A. whose B. who C. that D. which 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：有很多学生，他们唯一有意义的周末活动就是在社区做志愿者。空格处引导定语从句，对先行词students进行限定说明，关系词在从句中作定语，意义为“……的；其”，所以用关系代词whose引导从句。故选A。 9. Sales director is a position ________ communication ability is just as important as sales. A. which B. that C. when D. where 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：销售总监是一个沟通能力和销售能力一样重要的职位。空处引导定语从句，先行词是position，在从句中作地点状语，用where引导。故选D项。 10. Mary was much kinder to Mike than she was to the others, ________ made all the others upset. A. who B. that C. what D. which 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查非限定性定语从句引导词，句意：玛丽对迈克比对其他人好得多，这让其他人都很沮丧。此处从句指代前文“玛丽对迈克比对其他人好得多”这件事，非限定性定语从句中指代整个主句内容需用which，故选D。 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A You probably know who Marie Curie was, but you may not have heard of Rachel Carson. Of the outstanding ladies listed below, who do you think was the most important woman of the past 100 years? Jane Addams (1860-1935) Anyone who has ever been helped by a social worker has Jane Addams to thank. Addams helped the poor and worked for peace. She encouraged a sense of community (社区) by creating shelters and promoting education and services for people in need. In 1931, Addams became the first American woman to win the Nobel Peace Prize. Rachel Carson (1907-1964) If it weren’t for Rachel Carson, the environmental movement might not exist today. Her popular1962 book Silent Spring raised awareness of the dangers of pollution and the harmful effects of chemicals on humans and on the world’s lakes and oceans. Sandra Day O’Connor (1930-present) When Sandra Day O’Connor finished third in her class at Stanford Law School, in 1952, she could not find work at a law firm because she was a woman. She became an Arizona state senator (参议员) and, in 1981, the first woman to join the US Supreme Court. O’Connor gave the deciding vote in many important cases during her 24 years on the top court. Rosa Parks (1913-2005) On 1 December 1955, in Montgomery, Alabama, Rosa Parks would not give up her seat on a bus toa white passenger. Her simple act landed Parks in prison. But it also set off the Montgomery bus boycott. It lasted for more than a year, and kicked off the civil-rights movement. “The only tired I was, was tired of giving in,” said Parks. 11. What is Jane Addams noted for in history? A. Her social work. B. Her teaching skills. C. Her efforts to win a prize. D. Her community background. 12. What was the reason for O’Connor’s being rejected by the law firm? A. Her lack of proper training in law. B. Her little work experience in court. C. The discrimination (歧视) against women. D. The poor financial conditions. 13. Who made a great contribution to the civil-rights movement in the US? A. Jane Addams. B. Rachel Carson. C. Sandra Day O’Connor. D. Rosa Parks. 【答案】11. A 12. C 13. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了对人类发展产生重大影响的四位女性Jane Addams、Rachel Carson、Sandra Day O’Connor以及Rosa Parks的故事，赞扬她们为人类进步所做出的巨大贡献。 【11题详解】 细节理解题。根据Jane Addams (1860-1935)部分“Anyone who has ever been helped by a social worker has Jane Addams to thank.(任何曾经得到过社工帮助的人都要感谢Jane Addams。)”可知，任何一个得到社会工作者帮助的人都要感谢Jane Addams。由此可知，正是Jane Addams推动了社会工作的发展，她才因此而出名。故选A。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据Sandra Day O’Connor (1930-present)部分“When Sandra Day O’Connor finished third in her class at Stanford Law School, in 1952, she could not find work at a law firm because she was a woman.(1952年，当Sandra Day O’Connor以全班第三名的成绩毕业于Stanford Law School时，她找不到律师事务所的工作，因为她是女性。)”可知，因为是女性，Sandra Day O’Connor在律师事务所找不到工作。由此可知，律师事务所拒绝O’Connor主要是因为她是一位女性，也就是对妇女的歧视。故选C。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章Rosa Parks部分“It lasted for more than a year, and kicked off the civil-rights movement. “The only tired I was, was tired of giving in,” said Parks.(它持续了一年多，并拉开了民权运动的序幕。Parks说：“我唯一感到疲倦的是，我厌倦了屈服。”)”可知，正是因为Rosa Parks的努力，美国的民权运动才得以推进，她对美国的人权运动做出了巨大的贡献。故选D。 B I was sitting at my kitchen table the other day with a pen, notebook, calculator and a pile of bills. I was doing my monthly budget. There were bills for rent, insurance, the car, the phone, and cable (有线电视), plus money for food, gas, clothes, and hopefully a little left over for unexpected expenses. When I was done, I shook my head, closed my eyes and thought of a time long ago when I would regularly get treasures. When I was a boy, we lived across the road from Camp Caesar. It held week-long camps throughout the summer and my grandma who I lovingly called “Nanny” worked in her big kitchen. Every time I visited her, I was greeted with a warm smile, a hug, and a kiss. After that, she would hand me a hot roll, still fresh from her kitchen. Then she would reach into her pockets and pull out a treasure — a shiny quarter, which I would quickly use to buy an ice-cold Coke or a warm cherry Coke and a small bag of chips. I always took my time deciding, feeling rich for a few minutes. Looking back now I can see that the real treasure was not the quarter at all. It was the love with which Nanny gave it to me. It was her smile, hugs, and kisses that were priceless in my heart then and now. The old saying is true, “With your work you can make a living, but it is with your love that you make a life.” You can always welcome love into your heart, soul and mind. And you can always share your love with others. It is that one treasure that lasts forever. 14. According to Paragraph 1, what was the author trying to figure out? A. Where to get treasures. B. What food and supplies to buy. C. How to sort out these bills at hand. D. How to balance the money available. 15. What does the underlined word “roll” in Paragraph 2 refer to? A. A sound. B. A greeting. C. A kind of act. D. A kind of bread. 16. Which of the following best describes Nanny? A. Loving. B. Helpful. C. Humorous. D. Selfless. 17. Why does the author mention the old saying in the last Paragraph? A. To change people’s heart and soul. B. To show what we should value in life. C. To explain work and love can make a life. D. To advise more love and sharing in childhood. 【答案】14. D 15. D 16. A 17. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了作者在做预算的时候想起了自己的奶奶，回忆了和奶奶相处的时光以及奶奶对作者深深的爱，说明了爱才是人生永恒的财富，呼吁读者要珍惜爱。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中“I was doing my monthly budget. There were bills for rent, insurance, the car, the phone, and cable (有线电视), plus money for food, gas, clothes, and hopefully a little left over for unexpected expenses. (我在做月度预算。有房租、保险、汽车、电话和有线电视的账单，还有食物、汽油、衣服的钱，希望还有一点多余的意外开支。)”可知，作者想要弄清楚如何平衡可用资金。故选D项。 【15题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第二段中“After that, she would hand me a hot roll, still fresh from her kitchen. (之后，她会递给我一个刚从厨房里拿出来的热的roll。)”可知，roll是奶奶刚从厨房里拿出来的，roll是一种食物。A. A sound一个声音；B. A greeting一种问候；C. A kind of act一种行为；D. A kind of bread一种面包。结合选项可知，roll是一种面包。故选D项。 【16题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中“Every time I visited her, I was greeted with a warm smile, a hug, and a kiss. After that, she would hand me a hot roll, still fresh from her kitchen. Then she would reach into her pockets and pull out a treasure — a shiny quarter, which I would quickly use to buy an ice-cold Coke or a warm cherry Coke and a small bag of chips. (每次我去看她，她都会给我一个温暖的微笑，一个拥抱和一个吻。之后，她会递给我一个刚从厨房里拿出来的热面包卷。然后她会把手伸进口袋，掏出一个宝贝——一个闪闪发光的25美分硬币，我很快就用它买了一杯冰可乐或一杯热樱桃可乐，还有一小袋薯片。)”以及第三段中“Looking back now I can see that the real treasure was not the quarter at all. It was the love with which Nanny gave it to me. (现在回想起来，我发现真正的宝藏根本不是那枚硬币。这是奶奶给我的爱。)”可知，奶奶给了作者很多的爱和关怀，可知她是一个充满爱的人。故选A项。 【17题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“The old saying is true, “With your work you can make a living, but it is with your love that you make a life.” You can always welcome love into your heart, soul and mind. And you can always share your love with others. It is that one treasure that lasts forever. (俗话说得好：“你可以用工作谋生，但只有用爱才能创造生活。”你可以随时欢迎爱进入你的心灵、灵魂和思想。你总是可以和别人分享你的爱。这是一个永恒的宝藏。)”可知，作者是为了说明：在生活中我们要珍惜爱。故选B项。 C When learning a foreign language, most people fall back on traditional ways: reading, writing, listening and repeating. But Brian Mathias’ research team found out that if you gesture(做手势) with your arms while studying, you can remember the vocabulary better, even months later. As Mathias describes, they had 22 German-speaking adults learn a total of 90 invented words over four days. While the test subjects first heard the new vocabulary, they were shown a video of a person making a gesture that matched the meaning of the word. When the word was repeated, the subjects performed the gesture themselves. Five months later, they were asked to translate the vocabulary they had learned into German. At the same time, they had equipment attached to their heads that sent weak distracting signals to their primary motor cortex(运动皮层) — the brain area that controls voluntary arm movements. Those who performed better on the task showed a higher level of activity in their motor cortex. The researchers concluded that the motor cortex contributed to the translation of the vocabulary learned with gestures. The effect did not occur when the subjects were only presented with matching pictures instead of gestures. Another research group led by Leipzig had young adults and eight-year-old children listen to new vocabulary for five days, paired with matching pictures or videos of gestures. After two months, the two methods were still equally effective. But after six months, the adults benefited more from the gestures than the pictures, while the children were helped equally by both. But it is not only the motor cortex itself that promotes learning. The meaning expressed by the gesture also figures in, “I think we underuse gesture in our classrooms,” Goldin-Meadow says. “Good teachers and good listeners use it, but not always in a systematic way. Others don’t necessarily bring it into the class — and it could be used more often and more effectively.” 18. What do we know according to Brian Mathias’ research? A. Those only presented with matching pictures performed better. B The motor cortex had nothing to do with the vocabulary learning. C. The research concluded that gestures benefited vocabulary learning. D. 22 German-speaking adults and children were chosen as the test subjects. 19. Why was equipment attached to the subjects’ heads during Mathias’ test? A. To count words. B. To record emotion. C. To influence brain activity. D. To give clues to questions. 20. What does Leipzig’s research tell us about language learning? A. Adults and children are equally good learners. B. Pictures have little influence on language learning. C. Pictures are found more helpful than videos for children. D. Benefits of gestures are more obvious in adults in the long run. 21. What does the author suggest teachers do in the classroom? A. Make better use of gestures. B. Teach listening in a systematic way. C Avoid traditional teaching approaches. D. Do some scientific researches on teaching. 【答案】18. C 19. C 20. D 21. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了研究发现利用手势学习外语更有利于记忆单词。 【18题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“But Brian Mathias’ research team found out that if you gesture(做手势) with your arms while studying, you can remember the vocabulary better, even months later. (但Brian Mathias的研究团队发现，如果你在学习时用手臂做手势，即使几个月后，你也能更好地记住词汇。)”可知，Brian Mathias的研究总结出运用手势有利于单词学习。故选C。 【19题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“At the same time, they had equipment attached to their heads that sent weak distracting signals to their primary motor cortex(运动皮层) — the brain area that controls voluntary arm movements.(与此同时，他们的头上安装了设备，向他们的初级运动皮层——控制自主手臂运动的大脑区域——发送微弱的分散注意力的信号。)”可知，这种设备会影响大脑活动。故选C。 【20题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“After two months, the two methods were still equally effective. But after six months, the adults benefited more from the gestures than the pictures, while the children were helped equally by both.(两个月后，这两种方法仍然同样有效。但六个月后，成年人从手势中受益比图片更多，而孩子们则从两者中得到了同等的帮助。)”可知，从长远来看，手势学习的好处对成年人更明显。故选D。 【21题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的““I think we underuse gesture in our classrooms,” Goldin-Meadow says. “Good teachers and good listeners use it, but not always in a systematic way. Others don’t necessarily bring it into the class — and it could be used more often and more effectively.”(戈尔丁-梅多说：“我认为我们在课堂上没有充分利用手势。好的老师和好的听众会使用它，但并不总是系统地使用。其他人不一定会把它带到课堂上，但它可以更经常、更有效地使用。”)”可推测出，作者建议老师更充分地使用手势。故选A。 D Who is a genius? This question has greatly interested humankind for centuries. Let’s state clearly: Einstein was a genius. His face is almost the international symbol for genius. But we want to go beyond one man and explore the nature of genius itself. Why is it that some people are so much more intelligent or creative than the rest of us? And who are they? In the sciences and arts, those praised as geniuses were most often white men, of European origin. Perhaps this is not a surprise. It’s said that history is written by the victors, and those victors set the standards for admission to the genius club. When contributions were made by geniuses outside the club—women, or people of a different color or belief—they were unacknowledged and rejected by others. A study recently published by Science found that as young as age six, girls are less likely than boys to say that members of their gender(性别)are “really, really smart.” Even worse, the study found that girls act on that belief: Around age six they start to avoid activities said to be for children who are “really, really smart.” Can our planet afford to have any great thinkers become discouraged and give up? It doesn’t take a genius to know the answer: absolutely not. Here’s the good news. In a wired world with constant global communication, we’re all positioned to see flashes of genius wherever they appear. And the more we look, the more we will see that social factors(因素)like gender, race, and class do not determine the appearance of genius. As a writer says, future geniuses come from those with “intelligence, creativity, perseverance(毅力), and simple good fortune, who are able to change the world.” 22. What does the author think of victors’ standards for joining the genius club? A. They’re unfair. B. They’re conservative. C. They’re objective. D. They’re strict. 23. What can we infer about girls from the study in Science? A. They think themselves smart. B. They look up to great thinkers. C. They see gender differences earlier than boys. D. They are likely to be influenced by social beliefs 24. Why are more geniuses known to the public? A. Improved global communication. B. Less discrimination against women. C Acceptance of victors’ concepts. D. Changes in people’s social positions. 25. What is the best title for the text? A. Geniuses Think Alike B. Genius Takes Many Forms C. Genius and Intelligence D. Genius and Luck 【答案】22. A 23. D 24. A 25. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章由问题“谁是天才?”引入，论述了世人对天才的狭隘定义，提出事实上“天才”有很多种形式，不要让思维限制了我们的“天才”能力。 【22题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段的“It is said that history is written by victors, and those victors set the standards for admission to the genius club. When contributions were made by geniuses outside the club-women, or people of a different color or belief-they were unacknowledged and rejected by others.(据说历史是由胜利者书写的，而那些胜利者为进入天才俱乐部设定了标准。当俱乐部以外的天才——女性或不同肤色或信仰的人——做出贡献时，他们不会被承认并且被其他人拒绝。)”可知，作者认为那些“胜利者”对进“天才俱乐部”设置的标准是不公平的，因为女性或者不同肤色或信仰的人做出的成就是得不到承认的。故选A。 【23题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段的“Even worse, the study found that girls act on that belief. Around age six they start to avoid activities said to be for children who are “really, really smart.(更糟糕的是，研究发现女孩们是按照这个信念行事的。六岁左右，她们开始避免那些据说是“非常非常聪明”的孩子参加的活动。)”可推知，女孩容易受到社会信仰的影响，认为自己不适合做“聪明孩子”做的事情。故选D。 【24题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段的“In a wired world with constant global communication, we’re all positioned to see flashes of genius wherever they appear.(在一个拥有持续的全球交流的联网的世界里，我们随时随地都能看到天才的出现。)”可知，进步的全球通讯让更多的天才被公众所知道。故选A。 【25题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章的主要内容，结合文章第一段提出问题“Who is a genius?(谁是天才)”和最后一段的“And the more we look, the more we will see that social factors(因素)like gender, race, and class do not determine the appearance of genius. As a writer says, future geniuses come from those with “intelligence, creativity, perseverance, and simple geniuses, who are able to change the world.(我们看得越多，就越会发现，像性别、种族和阶级这样的社会因素并不能决定天才的外表。正如一位作家所说，未来的天才来自那些具有“智慧、创造力、毅力和那些能够改变世界的简单天才。)”可知，天才不一定是那些有巨大贡献的人，他们也可以是某一方面比较突出的普通人。由此可知B项“天才有多种形式”可以作为本文最佳标题。故选B。 第二节(共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Do you live in harmony with your pet? ____26____ For example, you need to set clear boundaries for them, treat them with respect, and spend quality time together. Here are some ways that may help you develop a good relationship with your pet friend. ____27____ You should realize that it takes some time to build a long-lasting bond with your pet. Some animals, like dogs and cats, might naturally follow you around more easily than other smaller mammals and reptiles (爬行动物). Therefore, if your pet doesn’t warm to you right away, you should give them more time. Be the boss. ____28____ Set aside time to practice them with your pet each day. If your pet breaks a rule, use body language and calm but firm words to let them know what they have done is not permitted. Understand your pet’s body language. Body language is vastly different depending on what sort of animal you have chosen as your pet. If you’re unsure of your pet’s body language, consider buying a book or browsing some web pages devoted to your specific animal. ____29____ Regularly be around your pet. Your pet is only part of your life, but for them, you are their whole life. ____30____ Don’t take no notice of them. Act happily when seeing them. How you show your pleasure in seeing them will depend on what type of pet they are. A. Be patient with your pet. B. Be calm when they attack you. C. Set rules and boundaries, and stick to them. D. It’s unwise to use some violent words to treat your pet. E. Then you will become a better communicator increasingly. F. That’s why it’s important to spend quality time with your pet. G. Actually, living with an animal is like living with a human friend. 【答案】26. G 27. A 28. C 29. E 30. F 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了如何与宠物和谐相处，并给出了具体建议。 【26题详解】 下文“For example, you need to set clear boundaries for them, treat them with respect, and spend quality time together.(例如，你需要为它们设定明确的界限，尊重它们，并一起度过高质量的时间)”举例说明与宠物相处的一些具体做法，而这些做法与和人类朋友相处时的做法有相似之处。选项G“实际上，和动物生活在一起就像和人类朋友生活在一起”符合语境。故选G。 【27题详解】 空处为段落小标题。下文“You should realize that it takes some time to build a long-lasting bond with your pet.(你应该意识到，与你的宠物建立持久的联系需要一些时间)”强调了与宠物建立关系需要时间，因此需要耐心。选项A“对你的宠物要有耐心”符合语境。故选A。 【28题详解】 空处为段落主题句。下文“Set aside time to practice them with your pet each day.(每天抽出时间和宠物一起练习这些规则)”提到了要制定规则并每天练习，说明需要设定规则和界限并坚持执行。选项C“制定规则和界限，并坚持下去”符合语境。故选C。 【29题详解】 上文“If you’re unsure of your pet’s body language, consider buying a book or browsing some web pages devoted to your specific animal.(如果你不确定你的宠物的肢体语言，考虑买一本书或浏览一些专门针对你的特定动物的网页)”建议通过学习来更好地理解宠物的肢体语言，从而更好地与宠物沟通。选项E“然后你会逐渐成为一个更好的沟通者”符合语境。故选E。 【30题详解】 上文“Your pet is only part of your life, but for them, you are their whole life.(你的宠物只是你生活的一部分，但对它们来说，你是它们的全部生活)”指出宠物对主人的依赖和重要性，因此需要花时间陪伴它们。选项F“这就是为什么花高质量的时间和你的宠物在一起很重要”符合语境。故选F。 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 One day, Miss Ellis gave her pupils a new kind of homework: homework on happiness. Her pupils would be “happiness ___31___ ” and were to see what would happen when they tried to bring happiness to those around them. As part of their homework, all the students did really ___32___, wonderful things, but what Carla Chalmers did left everyone ___33___. Several days after the homework bad been handed out, Carla turned up carrying a big bag. “Here in this bag I have all the happiness I’ve collected so far,” she said with a(n) ___34___ look. On seeing this, everyone was filled with ___35___, but Carla didn’t want to show anyone what was in the bag. Instead, she pulled out a small box and gave it to her teacher. When Miss Ellis had taken the box, Carla took a(n) ___36___ camera out of her own pocket and stood with it at the ready. “Open it, Miss Ellis.” The teacher slowly opened the box and looked inside. A big smile ___37___ on her face, and at that moment Carla took a photo, Carla’s photo came out of the camera immediately, and she ___38___ it to Miss Ellis along with a sheet of paper. The teacher read the paper in silence, and when she had finished, she gestured (打手势) at the ___39___. “Oh, so it’s...” “Yes!” interrupted Carla, ___40___ the bag. “It’s a great big pile of smiles!” Photos of different ___41___ fell out. The rest of the class tried to ___42___ how Carla had managed to create such a great big chain of happiness. All there in the box was a photo of a big smile. But everyone who had seen it felt happiness being transmitted (传送) to them, and in return, without ___43___, every person ___44___ with a smile of their own. She managed to ___45___ understanding of the smile truth that every time you smile you are sending a gift to the world. 31. A. explorers B. instructors C. players D. collectors 32. A. regretful B. joyful C. helpful D. thankful 33. A. surprised B. satisfied C. annoyed D. bored 34. A. disappointed B. sad C. anxious D. delighted 35. A. doubt B. kindness C. expectation D. pride 36. A. expensive B. old C. instant D. cheap 37. A. disappeared B. lost C. failed D. shone 38. A. offered B. sold C. quit D. paid 39. A. box B. bag C. camera D. pocket 40. A. packing B. loading C. carrying D. opening 41. A. smiles B. teachers C. ceremonies D. friends 42. A. try out B. appeal to C. decide on D. think out 43. A. concentration B. expression C. hesitation D. determination 44. A. responded B. refused C. hosted D. competed 45. A. hide B. correct C. request D. spread 【答案】31. D 32. B 33. A 34. D 35. C 36. C 37. D 38. A 39. B 40. D 41. A 42. D 43. C 44. A 45. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲的是Miss Ellis给学生们留作业，让大家收集快乐，Carla以一种独特的方式传递了自己对微笑的理解：你的每一个笑容都是送给世界的礼物。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的学生会成为“快乐收集者”，看看他们给身边人带来快乐时会发生什么。A. explorers探索者；B. instructors教练，导师；C. players运动员；D. collectors收集者。根据下文中的“Here in this bag I have all the happiness I’ve collected so far”可知，Miss Ellis留的作业是让学生当快乐收集者。故选D。 【32题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：作为他们作业的一部分，所有学生都做了非常令人高兴且精彩的事情，但是Carla Chalmers所做的事情让每个人都很吃惊。A. regretful遗憾的，后悔的；B. joyful高兴的，令人愉快的；C. helpful有帮助的；D. thankful感激的。根据上文“bring happiness to those around them”和下文的“wonderful things”可知，这里表示令人高兴且精彩的事情。故选B。 【33题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：作为他们作业的一部分，所有学生都做了非常令人高兴且精彩的事情，但是Carla Chalmers所做的事情让每个人都很吃惊。A. surprised惊讶的；B. satisfied满意的；C. annoyed生气的；D. bored无聊的。but表示前后转折，根据上文“wonderful things”并结合下文中的“Several days after the homework bad been handed out, Carla turned up carrying a big bag”可知，和所有人做的事情不同，Carla的举动令大家很惊讶。故选A。 【34题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“这个袋子里装着我迄今为止收集到的所有快乐，”她高兴地说。A. disappointed失望的；B. sad悲伤的；C. anxious焦虑的；D. delighted高兴的，愉快的。根据上文的“Here in this bag I have all the happiness I’ve collected so far”可知，Carla满怀信心地介绍自己的成果，应是高兴地说这些话。故选D。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：看到这一幕，每个人都充满了期待，但Carla不想向任何人展示袋子里的东西。A. doubt怀疑；B. kindness善良；C. expectation期待；D. pride骄傲。根据上文中的“Here in this bag I have all the happiness I’ve collected so far”和下文的“but Carla didn’t want to show anyone what was in the bag”可知，Carla神秘地告诉大家袋子里装的是自己收集的快乐，而且她不想向大家展示里面的内容，由此可知，大家对Carla的袋子装的东西感到非常期待。故选C。 【36题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Miss Ellis接过盒子后，Carla从自己口袋里掏出一台拍立得相机，拿着它站好了。A. expensive昂贵的；B. old旧的；C. instant立即的，立刻的；D. cheap便宜的。根据下文的“Carla’s photo came out of the camera immediately”可知，Carla拍的照片立刻可以取出来，所以这里是拍立得相机，instant camera意为“拍立得”。故选C。 【37题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她脸上洋溢着灿烂的笑容，就在这时，Carla拍了一张照片，Carla拍的照片立刻从相机里出来，她把照片和一张纸一起给了Miss Ellis。A. disappeared消失；B. lost丢失；C. failed失败；D. shone（眼睛或脸上因快乐而）放光。根据空前的“A big smile”和空后的“on her face”可知，Miss Ellis脸上洋溢着灿烂的笑容，空格处用shone。故选D。 【38题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她脸上洋溢着灿烂的笑容，就在这时，Carla拍了一张照片，Carla拍的照片立刻从相机里出来，她把照片和一张纸一起给了Miss Ellis。A. offered主动提出，自愿给予；B. sold卖；C. quit退出；D. paid支付。根据下文中的“The teacher read the paper in silence”可知，Carla把照片和一张纸一起给了Miss Ellis。故选A。 【39题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：老师静静地读着这张纸上的内容，读完后，她指着那个袋子。A. box盒子；B. bag袋子；C. camera相机；D. pocket口袋。根据下文中的“the bag”可知，这里是原词复现，表示老师指着那个袋子。故选B。 【40题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：“是的！”Carla打断了她的话，打开了袋子。A. packing收拾，打包；B. loading装上，装入；C. carrying搬，运送；D. opening打开。根据下文中的“It’s a great big pile of smiles”可知，袋子里的内容呈现了出来，所以是Carla打开了袋子。故选D。 【41题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：不同微笑的照片掉了出来。A. smiles微笑；B. teachers老师；C. ceremonies典礼，仪式；D. friends朋友。根据上文“It’s a great big pile of smiles”可知，这里是原词复现，表示不同微笑的照片。故选A。 【42题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：班上的其他同学试图弄清楚Carla是如何创造出如此一大串快乐的。A. try out测试；B. appeal to吸引；C. decide on决定，选定；D. think out想出。根据空后的“how Carla had managed to create such a great big chain of happiness”可知，班里的同学们想弄明白Carla是怎么制造了这么多快乐的，空格处意为“想出”。故选D。 【43题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但每个看过它的人都觉得幸福被传递给了他们，作为回报，每个人都毫不犹豫地以自己的微笑回应。A. concentration集中；B. expression表达；C. hesitation犹豫；D. determination决定。根据句中的“everyone who had seen it felt happiness being transmitted (传送) to them”可知，所有人都觉得快乐传递到了自己身上，所以毫不犹豫地微笑出来。故选C。 【44题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但每个看过它的人都觉得幸福被传递给了他们，作为回报，每个人都毫不犹豫地以自己的微笑回应。A. responded回应；B. refused拒绝；C. hosted主办；D. competed竞争。根据上文的“in return”可知，所有人都用自己的微笑回应。故选A。 【45题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她成功传播了对微笑真理的理解，即每次你微笑，你都是在给世界送礼物。A. hide躲避，隐藏；B. correct纠正；C. request要求；D. spread传播。根据上一段“everyone who had seen it felt happiness being transmitted (传送) to them”可知，Carla让每个人看微笑的照片，每个看照片的人都感到快乐传递给了自己，然后报以自己的微笑，故此处指Carla传播了她对微笑的理解。故选D。 第二节(共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词) 或括号内单词的正确形式。 The history of Teachers’ Day ____46____ (date) back to the Han Dynasty. According to records, during the Han and Jin dynasties, every year ____47____ August 27, Confucius’ birthday, the emperor, ____48____(follow) by court (宫廷) officials, would visit the Confucius Temple ____49____(pay) tribute(敬意) to the ancient philosopher and invite royal teachers to the court for a meal. Local officials followed the court, and on this day, teachers across the country enjoyed a day’s holiday and received dried meat as ____50____ gift. Teachers with outstanding performance would____51____ (pick) from colleges and learning institutions throughout the country, reported to the court, and given 500 liang silver coins as a prize. ____52____(normal), an ancient teacher’s income included salary, accommodation ____53____ festival gifts. In private schools, teachers always received money or gifts from the host family at certain festivals or at the ____54____(begin) and end of each semester. The festivals in _____55_____ teachers received gifts varied from region to region, while the most valued ones were the Duanwu, Mid-autumn and Chinese New Year festivals, as well as Confucius’ birthday and the private tutor’s birthday. 【答案】46. dates 47. on 48. followed 49. to pay 50. a 51. be picked 52. Normally 53. and 54. beginning 55. which 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了教师节在中国的历史和相关习俗。 【46题详解】 考查时态。句意：教师节的历史可以追溯到汉代。date back to...意为“追溯到……”，为固定搭配，常用一般现在时。主语为history，谓语用单数。故填dates。 【47题详解】 考查介词。句意：据记载，在汉朝和晋朝时期，每年8月27日孔子生日那天，皇帝都会在朝廷官员的陪同下拜孔庙，向这位古代哲学家致敬，并邀请皇家教师到朝廷吃饭。根据空后的“August 27”可知，这里表示具体某一天，应用介词on，意为“ 在（某一天）”。故填on。 【48题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意参考上题。空处作后置定语，修饰the emperor，follow和the emperor之间是动宾关系，所以用过去分词。故填followed。 【49题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意参考第2题。这里表示目的，应用不定式，作目的状语。故填to pay。 【50题详解】 考查冠词。句意：地方官员效仿朝廷，在这一天，全国各地的教师享受一天的假期，并收到了肉干作为礼物。这里泛指一个礼物，且gift的发音以辅音音素开头，所以用不定冠词a。故填a。 【51题详解】 考查语态。句意：表现突出的教师将从全国各地的学院和学习机构中选拔出来，向朝廷报告，并获得500两银币作为奖励。Teachers和pick之间是动宾关系，应用被动语态，且空前有would，这里应用be done的形式。故填be picked。 【52题详解】 考查副词。句意：通常，古代教师的收入包括工资、住宿和节日礼物。空处修饰整个句子，应用副词。normally意为“通常，正常情况下”。位于句首应大写首字母。故填Normally。 【53题详解】 考查连词。句意参考上题。“salary, accommodation”和“festival gifts”是并列关系，应用and连接。故填and。 【54题详解】 考查名词。句意：在私塾，教师总是在某些节日或每学期开始和结束时收到寄宿家庭的钱或礼物。空前有the，空处应用名词。beginning意为“开始”。根据空后的“and end of each semester”可知，这里特指每学期的开始和结束，应用名词单数。故填beginning。 【55题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：教师收到礼物的节日因地区而异，而最受重视的节日是端午节、中秋节和春节，以及孔子的生日和私人教师的生日。这里是“in+关系词”引导的定语从句，先行词为指物的The festivals，所以应用关系代词which。故填which。 第四部分 词汇基础(共25小题：每小题1分，满分25分) 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 56. The news aroused a lot of ________ (curios) among local people.(所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】curiosity 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：这则消息在当地民众中引起了极大的好奇。空处需填名词形式，作动词aroused的宾语，curious的名词为curiosity，意为“好奇心”，不可数名词。故填curiosity。 57. Teaching her young students is what makes her work worthwhile because of their ________ (eager) and enthusiasm. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】eagerness 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：句意：教年轻学生让她觉得这份工作很有价值，因为他们（学生们）充满了热切与热情。空格处需要填名词eagerness作宾语。故填 eagerness。 58. What I find most ________ (challenge) is not the failure itself, but the courage to start all over again. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】challenging 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：我发现最具挑战性的不是失败本身，而是重新开始的勇气。“find + 宾语 + 宾语补足语”为固定结构，此处需要形容词作宾语补足语，challenge的形容词形式是challenging，意为“具有挑战性的”，符合语境。故填challenging。 59. I’m more ________ (select) about the programmes I watch than I used to be. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】selective 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：比起以前，我现在对观看的节目更挑剔了。空格处作表语，需用形容词，select的形容词形式是selective意为“挑剔的、有选择性的”。故填 selective。 60. A good leader should create an atmosphere of trust, which is essential for developing ________ (create) and innovation among team members. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】creativity 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：一位优秀的领导者应该营造一种信任的氛围，这对于培养团队成员的创造力和创新精神至关重要。空白处在句子中作宾语，应填名词形式；所给单词create为动词，其名词形式为creativity，表示“创造力”，不可数名词。故填 creativity。 61. There is every ________ (likely) that more jobs will be lost later this year. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】likelihood 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：今年晚些时候很可能会失去更多的工作。根据空前的every可知，空处应使用名词likelihood，在there be句型中作主语，意为“可能性，可能发生的事”。故填likelihood。 62. ________ (addition), all our credit cards should have photo ID printed on them. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】Additionally 【解析】 【详解】考查副词。句意：此外，我们所有的信用卡都应该印有带照片的身份证件。此处需用addition对应的副词形式Additionally，用于引出补充说明的内容，且位于句首首字母需大写。故填Additionally。 63. There’s a growing ________ (recognize) that it’s never too late to learn English. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】recognition 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：人们越来越意识到学习英语永远不会太晚。空格处作there be句型的主语，需用名词，recognize的名词形式为recognition，意为“认识；意识”，“there’s a growing recognition that...”为固定句型，意为“人们越来越意识到……”。故填recognition。 64. People tend to make _________ (assume) about you when you have a disability. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】assumptions 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：当你有残疾时，人们往往会对你做出假设。空处需填名词assumption，作宾语，此处表示泛指，且没有冠词限定，需填名词复数形式。故填assumptions。 65. English is compulsory for all students, but art and music are ________(option).（所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】optional 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：英语是所有学生的必修课，但艺术和音乐是选修的。句中用形容词作表语。根据句意，故填optional。 66. She always had great ________ (admire) for people who could speak so many languages. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】admiration 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：她一直非常钦佩那些能说多种语言的人。此处位于形容词great之后，需用admire对应的名词形式admiration；admiration是不可数名词，作宾语。故填admiration。 67. I’m not very ________ (adventure) when it comes to trying new food. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】adventurous 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词拼写。句意：在尝试新食物这件事上，我不是个很爱冒险的人。此处位于副词very之后，需用形容词adventurous，作表语。故填adventurous。 68. Many elderly people expressed a strong ________ (prefer) to live in their own homes. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】preference 【解析】 【详解】考查词性转换。句意：许多老年人明确表示更愿意住在自己家里。形容词“strong”后需接名词作expressed的宾语，prefer的名词形式为preference，意为“偏好；偏爱”，a strong preference to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“强烈倾向于做某事”。故填preference。 69. Who did the ________ (illustrate) for the book? They’re lovely. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】illustrations 【解析】 【详解】考查名词复数。句意：谁为这本书画的插图？它们很可爱。此处位于定冠词the之后，需用illustrate对应的名词形式illustration作宾语；结合后文代词They’re可知，此处表示复数概念。故填illustrations。 70. The fear of unemployment can be a source of deep_____ (anxious) to people. (所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】anxiety 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：对失业的恐惧可能是人们极度焦虑的根源。根据上文a source of deep可知应填名词anxiety，作宾语，且anxiety抽象名词，不可数。故填anxiety。 71. We have high expectations for the forthcoming English Drama Festival held ________ (annual). (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】annually 【解析】 【详解】考查副词。句意：我们对即将举行的年度英语戏剧节寄予厚望。空格处修饰过去分词“held(举办)”，需用副词annually。故填annually。 72. Typhoon “Ragasa” caused widespread ________ (destroy) in the Shenzhen area. (所给词适当形式填空) 【答案】destruction 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：台风“马鞍”在深圳地区造成了广泛的破坏。提示词作宾语，用名词destruction，意为“破坏”，不可数名词。故填destruction。 73. The company hopes to be one of the ________ (survive) of the economic crisis. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】survivors 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：该公司希望能在经济危机中成为幸存者之一。根据空格前的one of the可知，空格处应该用名词复数，且意义为“幸存者”，所以用survivors。故填survivors。 74. The student stood up ________ panic when the teacher called his name. (用适当词填空) 【答案】in 【解析】 【详解】考查介词短语。句意：当老师叫到那个学生的名字时，他惊慌地站了起来。“in panic”是固定短语，意为“惊慌地”，在句中作状语。故填in。 75. She let out a sigh ________ the sight of the huge pile of homework. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】at 【解析】 【详解】考查介词。句意：一看到堆积如山的作业，她就叹了口气。此处为固定短语at the sight of，表示“一看到”，所以此处使用介词at。故填at。 76. The wisdom our teacher shared with us speaks ________ a legacy that will guide us for a lifetime. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】of 【解析】 【详解】考查固定搭配。句意：老师与我们分享的智慧，彰显出一份将指引我们一生的精神财富。speak of为固定短语，意为“彰显出”。故填of。 77. True learning requires you to focus and reflect ________ the process of thinking itself, cultivating the ability to question. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】on##upon 【解析】 【详解】考查固定搭配。句意：真正的学习要求你专注并反思思考过程本身，进而培养质疑能力。reflect on/upon为固定短语，意为 “反思、思考”。故填 on/upon。 78. In the global race for renewable energy, China is now firmly ________ the lead. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】in 【解析】 【详解】考查固定搭配。句意：在全球可再生能源的竞争中，中国现在已稳稳处于领先地位。固定短语in the lead意为“领先、处于领先地位”。故填in。 79. In our pursuit of efficiency, we often lose track ________ why we started. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】of 【解析】 【详解】考查介词固定搭配。句意：在追求效率的过程中，我们常常忘记了最初开始的原因。此处构成固定短语lose track of，意为“忘记、失去线索”。故填of。 80. It is more important to recover ________ a failure than to never fail at all. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】from 【解析】 【详解】考查介词。句意：从失败中恢复过来比从不失败更重要。“recover from”是固定短语，意为“从……中恢复”，符合语境。故填from。 第五部分 应用文写作(满分15分) 81. 假定你是李华，你的好友Peter在进入高中后，发现自己难以平衡繁重的学业和丰富的社团活动，感到压力很大。他为此感到很苦恼，写信向你求助。请你用英语给他写一封回信。内容要点包括： 1. 表达理解，并给予安慰； 2. 提出建议(至少两点)； 3. 表达祝福。 注意： 1. 词数80左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Peter, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【答案】例文 Dear Peter, I’m sorry to hear you’re stressed about balancing heavy schoolwork and colorful club activities. It’s totally normal for freshmen to feel this way, so don’t be too hard on yourself. Here are two practical suggestions. First, make a detailed schedule to arrange study and club time reasonably — prioritize important tasks like exams. Second, don’t hesitate to quit some less important club events if you feel overwhelmed. It’s better to focus on a few things well than do many poorly. Hope these tips help. May you soon find a balance and enjoy your high school life! Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。请考生回应好友 Peter 关于平衡学业与社团活动的求助，给予安慰并提供建议。 【详解】1.词汇积累： 有压力的：stressed→pressured 合理地：reasonably→sensibly 优先处理：prioritize→give priority to 帮助：help→assist 2.句式拓展： 同义句转换 原句：It’s totally normal for freshmen to feel this way, so don’t be too hard on yourself. 拓展句：Since it’s completely normal for freshmen to have such feelings, you shouldn’t be too strict with yourself. 【点睛】【高分句型 1】I’m sorry to hear you’re stressed about balancing heavy schoolwork and colorful club activities.（运用了省略that引导的宾语从句） 【高分句型 2】Second, don’t hesitate to quit some less important club events if you feel overwhelmed.（运用了if引导的条件状语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $