精品解析：安徽省皖江名校联考2025-2026学年高三上学期12月月考英语试题

“皖江名校联盟”2025-2026学年高三质量检测 英语试题 （试卷满分：150分 考试用时：120分钟） 考生注意： 1.本试卷分四部分，共8页。 2.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、座号填写在答题卡指定位置，认真核对条形码上的姓名、考生号和座号，确认无误后将条形码粘贴在答题卡相应位置。 3.考生作答时，请将答案答在答题卡上。选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；非选择题请用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上各题的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在试题卷、草稿纸上作答无效。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 回答听力部分时，请先将答案标在试卷上。听力部分结束前，你将有两分钟的时间将你的答案转涂到客观题答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What are the speakers talking about? A. The man’s being late. B. The heavy traffic. C. Bad public services. 2. Where does the conversation take place? A. At a post office. B. In a bank. C. In a book store. 3. What is the probable relationship between the two speakers? A. Schoolmates. B. Strangers. C. Guide and tourist. 4. When does this talk probably take place? A. Before an important exam. B. During a radio program. C. At the end of a lecture. 5. How much will the man pay? A. $80. B. $90. C. $100. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. How does Peter feel about e-CNY? A. Confused. B. Curious. C. Cold. 7. What does Xiao Li do? A. Promote an app. B. Host a foreigner. C. Offer assistance. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. How does the man feel about Paul? A. Considerate and hardworking. B. Kind-hearted and helpful. C. Sociable and reliable. 9. What does the man do at the end of the conversation? A. He introduces a friend to the woman. B. He invites the woman to a party. C. He goes out with the woman. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10. Why were some accounts stolen? A. People chose simple numbers as passwords. B. People didn’t lock their phone from the left. C People started their lock-screen patterns from a corner. 11. How can we make our passwords, safer? A. By using a. corner. B. By using Chinese characters. C. By complicating them. 12. What can be inferred from the talk? A. Harder means safer. B. Different is the best. C. Keep away from hackers. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13. What was stressful for Mark after he arrived in China? A. Writing an essay. B. Ordering Chinese food. C. Driving in China. 14. Which does Mark think most effective in terms of learning Chinese? A. Having a learned teacher. B. Entering for a Chinese class. C. Studying with a Chinese friend. 15. With whom Mark wants to share his experience? A. English majors. B. Life-long learners. C. Foreigners who learn Chinese. 16. How many foreigners learned Chinese in 2024? A. About 100 million. B. Nearly 200 million. C. Over 300 million. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. Who is the speaker mainly talking to? A. Foreign freshmen. B. Native speakers. C. New settlers. 18. Why are foreign students different from native students? A. They have to register with the local university. B. They have a more complex registration process. C. They enjoy a better social and medical welfare. 19. What may stop you from associating with others? A. Shyness. B. Comfort. C. Bravery. 20. Why does the speaker make the speech? A. To help students with the welcome week. B. To urge students to know difficulties in life. C. To assist students to adapt to a new culture. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每小题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A England is rich with castles and they come with appealing history and awe-inspiring stories. Dover Castle Standing on the coastal White Cliffs(悬崖), Dover Castle guards the narrowest part of the English Channel. In the 1800s the army cut secret tunnels through the rock so soldiers could move unseen. During World War Ⅱ the same tunnels served as an air-attack shelter, command centre and underground hospital. Visitors today can join a guide, hear wartime stories and walk the dark passages for themselves. Kenilworth Castle Half-way between London and Birmingham, the red-walled ruin was once a royal palace. In 1266, it held out against the longest siege(围攻)in medieval England! Three centuries later Robert Dudley spent a fortune building new gardens and a singing fountain to win the heart of Queen Elizabeth Ⅰ. She stayed for nineteen summer days, but left without a ring. The quiet rose-beds, broken towers and summer air still tell the story. Middleham Castle Deep in the Yorkshire Dales, this roofless keep was the childhood home of Richard Ⅲ. Wild flowers grow between the stones and swallows circle overhead. A wooden platform now lifts tourists above the broken walls for wide views of green valleys, wandering sheep and distant hills colored by the setting sun. Tintagel Castle Reached by a footbridge that swings above the Atlantic waves, Tintagel is half on the mainland and half on a rocky coast. Legend(传说) says King Arthur was born here. Wind-carved stone, dark caves, sudden ocean views and the sound of crashing water give a feeling; of pure magic that stays with you long after you leave. 1. What is Dover Castle best known for? A. The White Cliffs of Dover. B. The main passage of the Channel. C. Its secret tunnels inside the rock. D. Its emergency shelter in WWⅡ. 2. Which aspect of Kenilworth Castle is most emphasized? A. The easy traffic between cities. B. A romantic story about the queen. C The longest battle in history. D. The singing fountain built for fun. 3. What do Middleham Castle and Tintagel Castle offer to visitors? A. Breathtaking scenery. B. Ruins of royal palaces. C. Legends of the locals. D. Platforms above the sea. B As soon as Tobie Spears graduated, she backpacked Europe with a friend. “Two kids to see the world,” she laughs. Trains dropped them in mispronounced towns, yet every mile taught her luck had handed her a passport, while even the tiniest act like sharing a map could hand others a brighter tomorrow. Two years later, love rerouted her. She and new husband Kyle drove to Guatemala. They put up their tent beside a beautiful forest lake. But something that bothered them. Children who could name every plant ate one bowl of corn a day; girls left school at twelve to carry firewood. “How can they sustain themselves? What can last after we leave? The the two wanderers wondered. So they rented a small house and put up a sign: School of Life. Evening classes began under a mango tree: how to use a sewing machine (缝纫机), how to create a more productive garden, how to charge for services and manage resources. At first only three mothers came, but week by week the numbers grew; vegetables climbed walls where dust had ruled. Women who had never held cash now priced thread (线) in local money. Yet four short visits a year could not anchor the weak progress. Tobie mailed friends a single photo — twelve women holding tomatoes like rubies — and watched her inbox fill. In 2014 the circle became Be Humanitarian, a nonprofit that now ships sewing machines, vitamins and, most importantly, volunteers who return every season. Children of the volunteers followed Tobie’s daughter Emery packs soccer balls; her son records seedling counts (幼苗数) on his phone. “I thought travel meant seeing new places,” Emery writes. “Now I know it means seeing new possibilities in people.” Today two hundred families harvest year-round; daughters buy uniforms with money earned from handmade pencil cases. Tobie still travels with one backpack, but it is stuffed with patterns and sign-up cards. “Now we stay as wonderers — amazed at what a roll of thread and a shared dream can sew,” says Tobie. 4. What did Tobie get from her European travel? A. A money-making plan. B. The belief in small help. C. A passion for secret towns. D. The courage to travel alone. 5. What did the couple try to teach the villagers? A. Skills to live on their own. B. Methods of growing crops. C. Ideas of increasing productivity. D. Basic knowledge of housework. 6. What does the underlined word “anchor” in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A. Witness. B. Monitor. C. Secure. D. Track. 7. What is the best title for the text? A. Sewing Machines and Dreams B. Luck Favored The Little Girl C Wanderers Turned Wonderers D. A Backpack Filled with Fortune C “Men are from Mars, women from Venus” has become a convenient shorthand for every household debate, from map-reading to loading the dishwasher. Yet beneath the jokes lies a serious question: are the two sexes born with fundamentally different wiring, or have we simply repeated the story until it feels true? Two high-profile sets of scans appear to offer hard proof of a difference. British psychologist Stuart Ritchie reported in 2012 that male brains are, on average, roughly one-tenth heavier than female brains and contain more white-matter. Three years later, Israeli neuroscientist (神经学家) Daphna Joel added that typical “his” or “her” circuits can’t be detected with advanced software, even though every head ultimately contains a mix of both — like shades that vary but never perfectly match passport sex. Lise Eliot, a neuroscientist at Chicago Medical School, believes such headlines are too dramatic. After re-analyzing thousands of images collected across six countries, she calls the brain “a unisex (不分性别的) organ”. The numeric gap between group averages, she insists, is no wider than the difference between male and female kidneys, and the figures fail to predict how the organ actually processes algebra, empathy (同理心) or parking instructions. Put simply, size decides nothing. If body structure is not the real boss, what is? Social experience, argues The Atlantic Classic papers loved eye-catching numbers: a 1970 survey’ showed boys beating girls thirteen-to-one on the mathematics SAT, a figure once highlighted by former Harvard president Lawrence Summers as proof of natural male scientific talent. When later student groups offered girls equal laboratory hours, encouraged female teachers and rewrote textbooks to include more real-world problems, the ratio fell to three-to-one, suggesting that opportunity, not body part, writes most of the scoreboard. Margaret McCarthy, a neuropharmacologist at the University of Maryland, applauds Eliot for “forcing the debate forward”. She also notes that wiping out every sex difference would sound an extreme note. Equal, she reminds us, is not identical; biology may still whisper where society shouts. 8. Why does the author present the findings of Ritchie and Joel? A. To correct statistical errors in psychology. B. To stress the risk of single-country data sets. C. To explain boys’ bad habits in reading maps. D. To provide scan evidence of sex differences. 9. What is implied by Eliot’s re-analysis of brain volume? A. Brain size can somehow decide sex rules. B. Males do well in tackling complex tasks. C. Generation gaps outrun between-sex gaps. D. It cannot tell how a person will think or act. 10. What can we infer from the falling math score gap after 1970? A. Equal chances narrow the score gap. B. Boys are now losing interest in STEM. C. Standardized tests are no longer trusted. D. Biology still limits girls’ physics scores. 11. What might be McCarthy’s attitude to erasing sex differences? A. Favorable. B. Disapproving. C. Unclear. D. Indifferent. D In a new study, scientists argue that time is running out to save this unique ecosystem, and that if the right decisions are not made to preserve Antarctica in the next ten years, then the consequences will be felt around the world. Their results assess the state of Antarctica in 2070 under two scenarios (脚本), which represent the opposite extremes of action/ and inaction on greenhouse gas emissions (排放) and environmental protection. Under the worst-case scenario of high greenhouse gas emissions and low regulations, the global air temperature would rise nearly 3.5℃. Also, floating ice shelves that hold back ice on land would collapse, enhancing flow of ice from land to the sea. This could lead eventually to the collapse of the entire West! Antarctic Ice Sheet(WAIS), and around 3.5m of sea level rise. In contrast, under the best-case scenario, Antarctica’s contribution to sea level rise. would only be about 6cm in a global rise of around half a metre, due to instabilities in the West Antarctic Ice Sheet that have been irreversible (不可逆的), since 2010. The ocean would also warm less, by only around 0.7℃, meaning it would keep its ability to absorb CO₂ and the acidity would not be at harmful levels. As well as the physical changes to Antarctica, the analysis also looked at the impacts on ecosystems and direct human impacts, such as mining and tourism. These factors depend strongly on how much global agreement and cooperation there is, particularly in creating and enforcing well-informed regulations. The authors say that this means research programs need to be supported to make evidence-based decisions on the best way forward. If these are maintained into 2070, and the international community acts together on the recommendations, then worst impacts can be a voided. 12 What is the writing purpose of Paragraph 1? A. To urge quick action within the next decade. B. To present the 2070 projection methods. C. To list polar species at the greatest risk. D. To show past failures in emission cuts. 13. What does the underlined word “This” in Paragraph 2 probably refer to? A. The 3.5℃ global air temperature rise. B. The collapse of floating ice shelves. C. More flow of ice from land to the sea. D. The 3.5 m sea-level rise forecast. 14. What is most important for protecting Antarctica? A. Strict national mining laws. B. International combined efforts. C. Advanced carbon-removal tech. D. Expanded eco-tourism funds. 15. What does the text mainly talk about? A. Environment crises are still on the way. B. Sea-level rise can be limited to 0.5 meters. C. Ice-shelf collapse contributes to polar ice loss. D. Two Antarctic futures depend on decade choices. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Everyone can protect themselves, their families, and their communities by washing their hands with soap. ____16____ Yet the health benefits are enormous. ●Why is handwashing so important? Handwashing with soap stops infections before they start. After using the toilet, changing a baby, or touching dirty surfaces, dangerous germs (细菌) and viruses can live on our skin. If they reach our eyes, nose, or mouth, illness strikes. ____17____ ●Why should we wash with soap? Germs hide in the natural oils, dirt, and grease on your hands. Water alone doesn’t remove these germs effectively, but soap can. ____18____ It also loosens the oil, lets our hands rub away the germs, and allows running water, to wash, them down. ●How do germs on hands actually make us sick? ____19____ Pathogens (病原体) leave the fingers, enter the eyes, nose, or mouth, and start an infection. Unwashed hands also transfer germs to food, drinks, handrails, toys, and keyboards, carrying illness to the next pair of hands. Handwashing therefore prevents diseases like diarrhea, vomiting, and even skin or eye infections. ● ____20____ Always clean them before eating, feeding a child, inserting contact lenses, or handling medicine, and after visiting the toilet, blowing your nose, touching animals, or any body fluid. Wash before and after preparing raw food or caring for the sick, and whenever they look or feel dirty. Well, what if there’s no soap and water around? A sanitizer (消毒液) with 60-95% alcohol is an acceptable back-up. But remember: it doesn’t kill all germs and fails when hands are visibly dirty. A. When should we give our hands a thorough wash? B. A 20-second wash breaks this chain and saves lives. C. What is the exact time for you to do a general cleaning? D. It requires only a small amount of water and a bar of soap. E. It can help break down germ-carrying materials on our hands. F. We are naturally supposed to make handwashing a daily habit. G. People touch their faces hundreds of times a day without noticing. 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给A、B、C、和D！的四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 The other day I was driving home from work when I noticed the needle was on empty. Halfway I ____21____ a gas station, reached for my purse, and felt only seat fabric. I searched ____22____ beneath the seats and inside the cupholder, collecting just some____23____ change — obviously not enough to ____24____ even one gallon. I gathered the quarters and went inside to prepay. You can imagine the clerk’s face when I ____25____ the coins on the counter. “Seriously!?” he said. “I explained that I had left my ____26____ at work and this was all I had. Just then, a ten-dollar bill slid across the glass. I was ____27____ and turned to the man behind me. “May I have your ____28____, sir? I’ll mail it back.” But the stranger smiled and ____29____ the offer away. “Just pass it on.” Then he walked out ____30____ I could even thank him. Deeply moved, I filled the tank and drove home, ____31____ the silent night that I would ____32____ the deal. Weeks later I spotted a young mother counting ____33____ beside an almost empty pump (泵). I stepped forward, ten-dollar bill in hand, and ____34____ the words I had been given: “Pass it on.” “The ____35____ is never repaid to the giver, but to the next stranger in need.” I said to myself. 21. A. made out B. pulled into C. let off D. got through 22. A. successfully B. purposely C. madly D. gently 23. A. real B. significant C. positive D. loose 24. A. cover B. produce C. spare D. keep 25. A. fingered B. spread C. emptied D. packed 26. A. purse B. reserve C. phone D. coat 27. A. thoughtful B. guilty C. surprised D. relieved 28. A. name B. address C. permission D. favor 29. A. waved B. stored C. carried D. put 30. A. as B. since C. before D. though 31. A. recalling B. enjoying C. missing D. promising 32. A. honor B. announce C. kill D. oppose 33. A. numbers B. words C. coins D. votes 34. A. noticed B. repeated C. forced D. spelled 35. A. investment B. loan C. effort D. debt 第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Mid-Autumn Festival observed ____36____ the 15th day of the eighth lunar month, is a significant tradition across Asia that ____37____ (develop) in unique ways in each country by far, reflecting diverse cultural identities. In China, the festival is ____38____ (close) related to family reunions. Family members gather together to admire the bright full moon, which stands for harmony and good fortune. Mooncakes, often ____39____ (fill) with lotus seed paste or red bean, symbolize unity and completeness. Lantern displays and dragon dances add a magical touch to the occasion, ____40____ (bring) the community closer. In Vietnam, the festival is called the Children’s Festival, with special attention given to the young. Streets ____41____ (food) with children wearing colorful masks(面具) and carrying lanterns. Families offer mooncakes and fruits to remember their ancestors and give thanks for the harvest. In Korea, Chuseok is a major holiday ____42____ people return to their hometowns. A special food, songpyeon, is made and shared. In Japan’s Tsukimi or “moon-viewing”, mooncakes are not essential; ____43____, the focus is on the appreciation of nature and the moonlit night. ____44____ celebrations vary, the festival shares the same values of appreciation, family, and harmony throughout Asia. It shows the region’s cultural _____45_____(rich) while connecting people under the same bright autumn moon. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，上周校英语社团成功举办了“镜头里的校园（Campus in Focus）”摄影展。请为校报英语栏目写一篇报道，内容包括： 1. 活动目的； 2. 作品来源及亮点； 3. 师生反响。 注意： 1.写作词数应为80个左右； 2.可自拟题目。 _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 The afternoon sun baked the sports field. I stared at the sign-up paper for the 1.500 metres. The word “RESERVE” shone beside my name, written in careful pencil. Only five minutes were left. I took the pen, rubbed out the gray letters, and wrote ALLEN in bright blue ink. My heart beat louder, my hands shook, but I felt warm inside. Coach lifted one eyebrow. “You sure, Allen? This race eats lazy legs.” I nodded, not trusting my voice. “The other runners stood tall beside me, all sharp calves(小腿肚) and bright shoes. Somewhere inside, a small door opened and doubt ran through, but I pushed it back and locked it tight with silent will: “You can do it.” Training began at dawn. On day three my lungs burned like dry leaves. Halfway through the last run I bent over and threw up behind the low seats. Mark, the fastest senior, handed me water and laughed. “Enjoy the pain, rookie(新生).” I wetted my mouth, counted, the seconds I had lost, and whispered, “Three seconds faster tomorrow, that’s all I need today and always.” I stood up and ran again. Numbers became my secret coach. Three seconds a day makes one minute in twenty days. I repeated the math while tying shoes, while eating lunch, while staring at the top of the room at night. The track turned silver under the moon; I ran round until the guard locked the door. Each footstep was a small promise to the future me waiting at the finish line of dreams. I smiled at the moon and kept going. Race day finally arrived. Parents filled the front rows. I jogged to the line, shoes tapping lightly on the red road. The speaker called our names; when he said “Allen,” my friends shouted my nickname, “Ally-Alley-oop!” The gun sounded; we flew. Laps unfolded like pages in a book whose ending I had not yet written but now would complete. Hope grew with every step. 注意：1.续写词数应为150左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 With three hundred metres left, my legs turned wooden. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Seventy-one seconds faster than my life-best: the scoreboard said it all. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ “皖江名校联盟”2025-2026学年高三质量检测 英语试题 （试卷满分：150分 考试用时：120分钟） 考生注意： 1.本试卷分四部分，共8页。 2.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、座号填写在答题卡指定位置，认真核对条形码上的姓名、考生号和座号，确认无误后将条形码粘贴在答题卡相应位置。 3.考生作答时，请将答案答在答题卡上。选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；非选择题请用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上各题的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在试题卷、草稿纸上作答无效。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 回答听力部分时，请先将答案标在试卷上。听力部分结束前，你将有两分钟的时间将你的答案转涂到客观题答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What are the speakers talking about? A. The man’s being late. B. The heavy traffic. C. Bad public services. 2. Where does the conversation take place? A. At a post office. B. In a bank. C. In a book store. 3. What is the probable relationship between the two speakers? A. Schoolmates. B. Strangers. C. Guide and tourist. 4. When does this talk probably take place? A. Before an important exam. B. During a radio program. C. At the end of a lecture. 5. How much will the man pay? A. $80. B. $90. C. $100. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. How does Peter feel about e-CNY? A. Confused. B. Curious. C. Cold. 7. What does Xiao Li do? A. Promote an app. B. Host a foreigner. C. Offer assistance. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. How does the man feel about Paul? A. Considerate and hardworking. B. Kind-hearted and helpful. C. Sociable and reliable. 9. What does the man do at the end of the conversation? A. He introduces a friend to the woman. B. He invites the woman to a party. C. He goes out with the woman. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10. Why were some accounts stolen? A. People chose simple numbers as passwords. B. People didn’t lock their phone from the left. C. People started their lock-screen patterns from a corner. 11. How can we make our passwords, safer? A. By using a. corner. B. By using Chinese characters. C. By complicating them. 12. What can be inferred from the talk? A. Harder means safer. B. Different is the best. C. Keep away from hackers. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13. What was stressful for Mark after he arrived in China? A. Writing an essay. B. Ordering Chinese food. C. Driving in China. 14. Which does Mark think most effective in terms of learning Chinese? A. Having a learned teacher. B. Entering for a Chinese class. C. Studying with a Chinese friend. 15. With whom Mark wants to share his experience? A. English majors. B. Life-long learners. C. Foreigners who learn Chinese. 16. How many foreigners learned Chinese in 2024? A. About 100 million. B. Nearly 200 million. C. Over 300 million. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. Who is the speaker mainly talking to? A. Foreign freshmen. B. Native speakers. C. New settlers. 18. Why are foreign students different from native students? A. They have to register with the local university. B. They have a more complex registration process. C. They enjoy a better social and medical welfare. 19. What may stop you from associating with others? A. Shyness. B. Comfort. C. Bravery. 20. Why does the speaker make the speech? A. To help students with the welcome week. B. To urge students to know difficulties in life. C. To assist students to adapt to a new culture. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每小题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A England is rich with castles and they come with appealing history and awe-inspiring stories. Dover Castle Standing on the coastal White Cliffs(悬崖), Dover Castle guards the narrowest part of the English Channel. In the 1800s the army cut secret tunnels through the rock so soldiers could move unseen. During World War Ⅱ the same tunnels served as an air-attack shelter, command centre and underground hospital. Visitors today can join a guide, hear wartime stories and walk the dark passages for themselves. Kenilworth Castle Half-way between London and Birmingham, the red-walled ruin was once a royal palace. In 1266, it held out against the longest siege(围攻)in medieval England! Three centuries later Robert Dudley spent a fortune building new gardens and a singing fountain to win the heart of Queen Elizabeth Ⅰ. She stayed for nineteen summer days, but left without a ring. The quiet rose-beds, broken towers and summer air still tell the story. Middleham Castle Deep in the Yorkshire Dales, this roofless keep was the childhood home of Richard Ⅲ. Wild flowers grow between the stones and swallows circle overhead. A wooden platform now lifts tourists above the broken walls for wide views of green valleys, wandering sheep and distant hills colored by the setting sun. Tintagel Castle Reached by a footbridge that swings above the Atlantic waves, Tintagel is half on the mainland and half on a rocky coast. Legend(传说) says King Arthur was born here. Wind-carved stone, dark caves, sudden ocean views and the sound of crashing water give a feeling; of pure magic that stays with you long after you leave. 1. What is Dover Castle best known for? A. The White Cliffs of Dover. B. The main passage of the Channel. C. Its secret tunnels inside the rock. D. Its emergency shelter in WWⅡ. 2. Which aspect of Kenilworth Castle is most emphasized? A. The easy traffic between cities. B. A romantic story about the queen. C. The longest battle in history. D. The singing fountain built for fun. 3. What do Middleham Castle and Tintagel Castle offer to visitors? A. Breathtaking scenery. B. Ruins of royal palaces. C. Legends of the locals. D. Platforms above the sea. 【答案】1. C 2. B 3. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍英国四座著名城堡，同时展现各城堡独特魅力。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据Dover Castle部分中的“In the 1800s the army cut secret tunnels through the rock so soldiers could move unseen.(19世纪，军队在岩石中挖出秘密隧道，以便士兵可以不被看见地移动。)”可知，多佛城堡以其岩石中的秘密隧道而闻名。故选C。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Kenilworth Castle部分中的“Three centuries later Robert Dudley spent a fortune building new gardens and a singing fountain to win the heart of Queen Elizabeth Ⅰ. She stayed for nineteen summer days, but left without a ring.(三个世纪后，罗伯特·达德利(Robert Dudley)不惜花费巨资建造新花园和一座会唱歌的喷泉，以赢得伊丽莎白一世女王的心。她在这里住了19个夏日的日子，但离开时没有戴上戒指。)”可知，肯尼沃斯城堡最强调的是关于女王的浪漫故事。故选B。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据Middleham Castle部分中的“A wooden platform now lifts tourists above the broken walls for wide views of green valleys, wandering sheep and distant hills colored by the setting sun.(现在，一个木制平台让游客站到破碎的城墙之上，让他们可以俯瞰绿色的山谷、漫步的羊群和被夕阳染成彩色的远山。)”以及Tintagel Castle部分中的“Wind-carved stone, dark caves, sudden ocean views and the sound of crashing water give a feeling of pure magic that stays with you long after you leave.(风蚀的石头、黑暗的洞穴、突如其来的海景和撞击水的声音，给人一种纯粹的魔力感，即使你离开后很久，这种感觉也会一直伴随着你。)”可知，Middleham Castle和Tintagel Castle为游客提供了令人惊叹的景色。故选A。 B As soon as Tobie Spears graduated, she backpacked Europe with a friend. “Two kids to see the world,” she laughs. Trains dropped them in mispronounced towns, yet every mile taught her luck had handed her a passport, while even the tiniest act like sharing a map could hand others a brighter tomorrow. Two years later love rerouted her. She and new husband Kyle drove to Guatemala. They put up their tent beside a beautiful forest lake. But something that bothered them. Children who could name every plant ate one bowl of corn a day; girls left school at twelve to carry firewood. “How can they sustain themselves? What can last after we leave? The the two wanderers wondered. So they rented a small house and put up a sign: School of Life. Evening classes began under a mango tree: how to use a sewing machine (缝纫机), how to create a more productive garden, how to charge for services and manage resources. At first only three mothers came, but week by week the numbers grew; vegetables climbed walls where dust had ruled. Women who had never held cash now priced thread (线) in local money. Yet four short visits a year could not anchor the weak progress. Tobie mailed friends a single photo — twelve women holding tomatoes like rubies — and watched her inbox fill. In 2014 the circle became Be Humanitarian, a nonprofit that now ships sewing machines, vitamins and, most importantly, volunteers who return every season. Children of the volunteers followed Tobie’s daughter Emery packs soccer balls; her son records seedling counts (幼苗数) on his phone. “I thought travel meant seeing new places,” Emery writes. “Now I know it means seeing new possibilities in people.” Today two hundred families harvest year-round; daughters buy uniforms with money earned from handmade pencil cases. Tobie still travels with one backpack, but it is stuffed with patterns and sign-up cards. “Now we stay as wonderers — amazed at what a roll of thread and a shared dream can sew,” says Tobie. 4. What did Tobie get from her European travel? A. A money-making plan. B. The belief in small help. C. A passion for secret towns. D. The courage to travel alone. 5. What did the couple try to teach the villagers? A. Skills to live on their own. B. Methods of growing crops. C. Ideas of increasing productivity. D. Basic knowledge of housework. 6. What does the underlined word “anchor” in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A. Witness. B. Monitor. C. Secure. D. Track. 7. What is the best title for the text? A. Sewing Machines and Dreams B. Luck Favored The Little Girl C. Wanderers Turned Wonderers D. A Backpack Filled with Fortune 【答案】4. B 5. A 6. C 7. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Tobie和Kyle旅行后，在危地马拉创办“生活学校”，教当地妇女缝纫、农业等技能，并通过非营利组织持续帮助，改善了当地生活，也影响了Tobie的女儿，展现了旅行的意义在于发现他人的可能性。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段中“Trains dropped them in mispronounced towns, yet every mile taught her luck and handed her a passport, while even the tiniest act like sharing a map could hand others a brighter tomorrow. (火车将他们载到发音不准确的城镇，然而每一英里都教会她幸运，并给了她一张通行证，而即使是像分享地图这样微小的举动，也能给别人带来更光明的明天)”可知，在欧洲旅行时，Tobie意识到即使是微小的帮助也能给别人带来更好的未来，这让她相信小帮助的力量。由此可知，她从欧洲旅行中得到了对小帮助的信念。故选B项。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第三段中“Evening classes began under a mango tree: how to use a sewing machine (缝纫机), how to create a more productive garden, how to charge for services and manage resources. (晚上，在芒果树下开始上课：如何使用缝纫机，如何创建一个更有生产力的花园，如何收取服务费用和管理资源)”可知，这对夫妇试图教村民们一些独立生活的技能，如使用缝纫机、创建更有生产力的花园、收取服务费用和管理资源等。由此可知，他们试图教村民们的是独立生活的技能。故选A项。 【6题详解】 词句猜测题。根据文章第四段中“Yet four short visits a year could not anchor the weak progress.(然而，一年四次短暂的访问并不能使这一微弱的进展anchor)”以及后文“Tobie mailed friends a single photo — twelve women holding tomatoes like rubies — and watched her inbox fill. In 2014 the circle became Be Humanitarian, a nonprofit that now ships sewing machines, vitamins and, most importantly, volunteers who return every season.(Tobie给朋友们寄去了一张照片——照片上是十二位女性，她们手中的西红柿宛如红宝石般璀璨夺目——随后，她便看到自己的收件箱被纷至沓来的回复填满了。2014 年，这个团体发展成了“Be Humanitarian”非营利组织，如今该组织不仅运送缝纫机、维生素，更重要的是，还会派遣志愿者，他们每个季节都会回来)”可知，Tobie通过邮寄照片给朋友们，最终成立了非营利组织Be Humanitarian，来持续支持这个项目。由此推知，划线词anchor意为“使稳固，使稳定”。因此，选项C“Secure (使稳固)”与划线词的意思最为接近。故选C项。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段中““Now we stay as wonderers — amazed at what a roll of thread and a shared dream can sew,” says Tobie.(“现在我们作为惊叹者留下来——惊叹于一卷线和共同的梦想能缝制出什么，”Tobie说)”以及全文内容可知，文章主要讲述了Tobie和她的丈夫从旅行者转变为惊叹者，通过他们的努力和坚持，不仅改变了自己的生活，也帮助了危地马拉的村民们实现了自给自足和更好的生活。由此可知，选项C“Wanderers Turned Wonderers(从行者到问者)”最能概括文章的主旨大意，适合作本文最佳标题。故选C项。 C “Men are from Mars, women from Venus” has become a convenient shorthand for every household debate, from map-reading to loading the dishwasher. Yet beneath the jokes lies a serious question: are the two sexes born with fundamentally different wiring, or have we simply repeated the story until it feels true? Two high-profile sets of scans appear to offer hard proof of a difference. British psychologist Stuart Ritchie reported in 2012 that male brains are, on average, roughly one-tenth heavier than female brains and contain more white-matter. Three years later, Israeli neuroscientist (神经学家) Daphna Joel added that typical “his” or “her” circuits can’t be detected with advanced software, even though every head ultimately contains a mix of both — like shades that vary but never perfectly match passport sex. Lise Eliot, a neuroscientist at Chicago Medical School, believes such headlines are too dramatic. After re-analyzing thousands of images collected across six countries, she calls the brain “a unisex (不分性别的) organ”. The numeric gap between group averages, she insists, is no wider than the difference between male and female kidneys, and the figures fail to predict how the organ actually processes algebra, empathy (同理心) or parking instructions. Put simply, size decides nothing. If body structure is not the real boss, what is? Social experience, argues The Atlantic Classic papers loved eye-catching numbers: a 1970 survey’ showed boys beating girls thirteen-to-one on the mathematics SAT, a figure once highlighted by former Harvard president Lawrence Summers as proof of natural male scientific talent. When later student groups offered girls equal laboratory hours, encouraged female teachers and rewrote textbooks to include more real-world problems, the ratio fell to three-to-one, suggesting that opportunity, not body part, writes most of the scoreboard. Margaret McCarthy, a neuropharmacologist at the University of Maryland, applauds Eliot for “forcing the debate forward”. She also notes that wiping out every sex difference would sound an extreme note. Equal, she reminds us, is not identical; biology may still whisper where society shouts. 8. Why does the author present the findings of Ritchie and Joel? A. To correct statistical errors in psychology. B. To stress the risk of single-country data sets. C. To explain boys’ bad habits in reading maps. D. To provide scan evidence of sex differences. 9. What is implied by Eliot’s re-analysis of brain volume? A. Brain size can somehow decide sex rules. B. Males do well in tackling complex tasks. C. Generation gaps outrun between-sex gaps. D. It cannot tell how a person will think or act. 10. What can we infer from the falling math score gap after 1970? A. Equal chances narrow the score gap. B. Boys are now losing interest in STEM. C. Standardized tests are no longer trusted. D. Biology still limits girls’ physics scores. 11. What might be McCarthy’s attitude to erasing sex differences? A. Favorable. B. Disapproving. C. Unclear. D. Indifferent. 【答案】8. D 9. D 10. A 11. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章通过讨论男女差异的生理与社交成因，指出大脑结构差异不足以证明天生不同，机会平等更重要，但生物学因素仍不可忽视。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Two high-profile sets of scans appear to offer hard proof of a difference. British psychologist Stuart Ritchie reported in 2012 that male brains are, on average, roughly one-tenth heavier than female brains and contain more white-matter. Three years later, Israeli neuroscientist (神经学家) Daphna Joel added that typical “his” or “her” circuits can’t be detected with advanced software, even though every head ultimately contains a mix of both — like shades that vary but never perfectly match passport sex.(两组备受瞩目的扫描结果似乎提供了差异的确凿证据。英国心理学家斯图尔特·里奇在2012年报告称，男性的大脑平均比女性大脑重约十分之一，且含有更多的白质。三年后，以色列神经科学家达夫纳·乔尔补充说，即使使用先进的软件，也无法检测到典型的“他的”或“她的”神经回路，尽管每个人的大脑最终都包含两者的混合——就像色调各异但永远不会与护照上的性别完全匹配)”可推知，作者展示里奇和乔尔的发现是为了提供性别差异的扫描证据。故选D项。 【9题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Lise Eliot, a neuroscientist at Chicago Medical School, believes such headlines are too dramatic. After re-analyzing thousands of images collected across six countries, she calls the brain “a unisex (不分性别的) organ”. The numeric gap between group averages, she insists, is no wider than the difference between male and female kidneys, and the figures fail to predict how the organ actually processes algebra, empathy or parking instructions. Put simply, size decides nothing.(芝加哥医学院的神经科学家莉丝·艾略特认为这样的标题过于夸张。在重新分析了来自六个国家的数千张图像后，她称大脑为“一个不分性别的器官”。她坚持认为，群体平均值之间的数字差距并不比男性和女性肾脏之间的差异更大，而且这些数字无法预测该器官实际上如何处理代数、同理心或停车指令。简而言之，大小决定不了什么)”可推知，艾略特重新分析大脑体积后，认为大脑体积不能预测一个人将如何思考或行动。故选D项。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第四段“When later student groups offered girls equal laboratory hours, encouraged female teachers and rewrote textbooks to include more real-world problems, the ratio fell to three-to-one, suggesting that opportunity, not body part, writes most of the scoreboard.(后来，学生团体为女孩提供平等的实验室时间，鼓励女教师，并重写教科书以纳入更多现实问题，这一比例降至三比一，这表明是机会，而不是身体部位，在分数板上占据了主导地位)”可知，从1970年后数学成绩差距的缩小可以推断出，平等的机会缩小了分数差距。故选A项。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Margaret McCarthy, a neuropharmacologist at the University of Maryland, applauds Eliot for “forcing the debate forward”. She also notes that wiping out every sex difference would sound an extreme note. Equal, she reminds us, is not identical; biology may still whisper where society shouts.(马里兰大学的神经药理学家玛格丽特·麦卡锡称赞艾略特“推动了辩论的进展”。她还指出，消除所有的性别差异听起来有些极端。她提醒我们，平等并不意味着相同；在社会大声疾呼的地方，生物学可能仍在低语)”可知，麦卡锡认为消除所有的性别差异听起来有些极端。由此推知，麦卡锡对消除性别差异的态度是不赞成的。故选B项。 D In a new study, scientists argue that time is running out to save this unique ecosystem, and that if the right decisions are not made to preserve Antarctica in the next ten years, then the consequences will be felt around the world. Their results assess the state of Antarctica in 2070 under two scenarios (脚本), which represent the opposite extremes of action/ and inaction on greenhouse gas emissions (排放) and environmental protection. Under the worst-case scenario of high greenhouse gas emissions and low regulations, the global air temperature would rise nearly 3.5℃. Also, floating ice shelves that hold back ice on land would collapse, enhancing flow of ice from land to the sea. This could lead eventually to the collapse of the entire West! Antarctic Ice Sheet(WAIS), and around 3.5m of sea level rise. In contrast, under the best-case scenario, Antarctica’s contribution to sea level rise. would only be about 6cm in a global rise of around half a metre, due to instabilities in the West Antarctic Ice Sheet that have been irreversible (不可逆的), since 2010. The ocean would also warm less, by only around 0.7℃, meaning it would keep its ability to absorb CO₂ and the acidity would not be at harmful levels. As well as the physical changes to Antarctica, the analysis also looked at the impacts on ecosystems and direct human impacts, such as mining and tourism. These factors depend strongly on how much global agreement and cooperation there is, particularly in creating and enforcing well-informed regulations. The authors say that this means research programs need to be supported to make evidence-based decisions on the best way forward. If these are maintained into 2070, and the international community acts together on the recommendations, then worst impacts can be a voided. 12. What is the writing purpose of Paragraph 1? A. To urge quick action within the next decade. B. To present the 2070 projection methods. C. To list polar species at the greatest risk. D. To show past failures in emission cuts. 13. What does the underlined word “This” in Paragraph 2 probably refer to? A. The 3.5℃ global air temperature rise. B. The collapse of floating ice shelves. C. More flow of ice from land to the sea. D. The 3.5 m sea-level rise forecast. 14. What is most important for protecting Antarctica? A. Strict national mining laws. B. International combined efforts. C. Advanced carbon-removal tech. D. Expanded eco-tourism funds. 15. What does the text mainly talk about? A. Environment crises are still on the way. B. Sea-level rise can be limited to 0.5 meters. C. Ice-shelf collapse contributes to polar ice loss. D. Two Antarctic futures depend on decade choices. 【答案】12. A 13. C 14. B 15. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章通过对比两种情景，分析了不采取行动和采取行动对南极洲及全球的影响，强调在未来十年内国际合作采取行动对避免最坏后果至关重要。 【12题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“In a new study, scientists argue that time is running out to save this unique ecosystem, and that if the right decisions are not made to preserve Antarctica in the next ten years, then the consequences will be felt around the world.(在一项新的研究中，科学家们认为，拯救这个独特的生态系统的时间已经不多了，如果在未来十年内不能做出正确的决定来保护南极洲，那么后果将在全世界范围内显现。)”可知，作者在第一段中强调了拯救南极洲的紧迫性，敦促在未来十年内迅速采取行动。因此，第一段的写作目的是A项“To urge quick action within the next decade.(敦促在未来十年内迅速采取行动)”。故选A。 【13题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第二段“Also, floating ice shelves that hold back ice on land would collapse, enhancing flow of ice from land to the sea.(此外，阻挡陆地冰的浮动冰架将崩塌，加剧冰从陆地流向海洋。)”以及“This could lead eventually to the collapse of the entire West Antarctic Ice Sheet(WAIS), and around 3.5m of sea level rise.(这可能最终导致整个西南极冰盖(WAIS)的崩塌，以及海平面上升约3.5米。)”可知，这里的“This”指的是上文提到的“More flow of ice from land to the sea(更多的冰从陆地流向海洋)”，即冰架崩塌后，陆地冰流向海洋的速度加快，进而可能导致整个西南极冰盖的崩塌和海平面上升。因此，C项“More flow of ice from land to the sea.(更多的冰从陆地流向海洋)”是正确答案。故选C。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“If these are maintained into 2070, and the international community acts together on the recommendations, then worst impacts can be avoided.(如果这些措施持续到2070年，并且国际社会共同采取行动落实这些建议，那么最严重的影响是可以避免的。)”可知，保护南极洲最重要的是国际社会的共同努力。因此，B项“International combined efforts.(国际共同努力)”是正确答案。故选B。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“Their results assess the state of Antarctica in 2070 under two scenarios (情景), which represent the opposite extremes of action/ and inaction on greenhouse gas emissions (排放) and environmental protection.(他们的研究结果评估了2070年南极洲在两种情景下的状态，这两种情景代表了温室气体排放和环境保护方面采取行动和不采取行动的两个极端。)”以及全文内容可知，文章主要讨论了南极洲的未来取决于未来十年的选择，即如果采取积极行动，南极洲的未来可能相对较好；如果无所作为，则可能面临严重的后果。因此，D项“Two Antarctic futures depend on decade choices.(南极洲的两种未来取决于未来十年的选择)”概括文章主要内容。故选D。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Everyone can protect themselves, their families, and their communities by washing their hands with soap. ____16____ Yet the health benefits are enormous. ●Why is handwashing so important? Handwashing with soap stops infections before they start. After using the toilet, changing a baby, or touching dirty surfaces, dangerous germs (细菌) and viruses can live on our skin. If they reach our eyes, nose, or mouth, illness strikes. ____17____ ●Why should we wash with soap? Germs hide in the natural oils, dirt, and grease on your hands. Water alone doesn’t remove these germs effectively, but soap can. ____18____ It also loosens the oil, lets our hands rub away the germs, and allows running water, to wash, them down. ●How do germs on hands actually make us sick? ____19____ Pathogens (病原体) leave the fingers, enter the eyes, nose, or mouth, and start an infection. Unwashed hands also transfer germs to food, drinks, handrails, toys, and keyboards, carrying illness to the next pair of hands. Handwashing therefore prevents diseases like diarrhea, vomiting, and even skin or eye infections. ● ____20____ Always clean them before eating, feeding a child, inserting contact lenses, or handling medicine, and after visiting the toilet, blowing your nose, touching animals, or any body fluid. Wash before and after preparing raw food or caring for the sick, and whenever they look or feel dirty. Well, what if there’s no soap and water around? A sanitizer (消毒液) with 60-95% alcohol is an acceptable back-up. But remember: it doesn’t kill all germs and fails when hands are visibly dirty. A. When should we give our hands a thorough wash? B. A 20-second wash breaks this chain and saves lives. C. What is the exact time for you to do a general cleaning? D. It requires only a small amount of water and a bar of soap. E. It can help break down germ-carrying materials on our hands. F. We are naturally supposed to make handwashing a daily habit. G. People touch their faces hundreds of times a day without noticing. 【答案】16. D 17. B 18. E 19. G 20. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了洗手的重要性、原理及正确方法。强调用肥皂洗手能有效去除病菌预防疾病，并列举了洗手时机和替代方法，旨在倡导养成勤洗手的好习惯。 【16题详解】 上文“Everyone can protect themselves, their families, and their communities by washing their hands with soap.(每个人都可以通过用肥皂洗手来保护自己、家人和社区。)”说明了用肥皂洗手可以起到保护作用，且这种方式简单易行；D选项“It requires only a small amount of water and a bar of soap.(它只需要少量的水和一块肥皂。)”进一步说明了用肥皂洗手的便利性，与上文内容相呼应，符合题意。故选D。 【17题详解】 上文“If they reach our eyes, nose, or mouth, illness strikes.(如果它们接触到我们的眼睛、鼻子或嘴巴，疾病就会袭来。)”说明了细菌和病毒进入人体后会导致疾病；B选项“A 20-second wash breaks this chain and saves lives.(20秒的洗手可以打破这个链条，拯救生命。)”承接上文，说明了洗手可以阻断细菌和病毒进入人体的途径，从而预防疾病，符合题意。故选B。 【18题详解】 上文“Water alone doesn’t remove these germs effectively, but soap can.(光用水不能有效地去除这些细菌，但肥皂可以。)”说明了肥皂在去除细菌方面的作用；E选项“It can help break down germ-carrying materials on our hands.(它可以帮助分解我们手上携带细菌的物质。)”进一步解释了肥皂是如何去除细菌的，即通过分解手上携带细菌的物质，与上文内容相呼应，符合题意。故选E。 【19题详解】 下文“Pathogens(病原体) leave the fingers, enter the eyes, nose, or mouth, and start an infection.(病原体离开手指，进入眼睛、鼻子或嘴巴，然后开始感染。)”说明了病原体是如何通过手进入人体并导致感染的；G选项“People touch their faces hundreds of times a day without noticing.(人们每天会无意识地触摸自己的脸数百次。)”为下文提供了背景信息，即人们经常会无意识地触摸自己的脸，从而为病原体进入人体提供了机会，符合题意。故选G。 【20题详解】 下文“Always clean them before eating, feeding a child, inserting contact lenses, or handling medicine, and after visiting the toilet, blowing your nose, touching animals, or any body fluid.(在吃东西、喂孩子、戴隐形眼镜或处理药物之前，以及在上厕所、擤鼻涕、触摸动物或任何体液之后，都要清洁双手。)”详细说明了在哪些情况下需要彻底洗手；A选项“When should we give our hands a thorough wash?(我们什么时候应该彻底洗手？)”作为问题，引出了下文的内容，符合题意。故选A。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给A、B、C、和D！的四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 The other day I was driving home from work when I noticed the needle was on empty. Halfway I ____21____ a gas station, reached for my purse, and felt only seat fabric. I searched ____22____ beneath the seats and inside the cupholder, collecting just some____23____ change — obviously not enough to ____24____ even one gallon. I gathered the quarters and went inside to prepay. You can imagine the clerk’s face when I ____25____ the coins on the counter. “Seriously!?” he said. “I explained that I had left my ____26____ at work and this was all I had. Just then, a ten-dollar bill slid across the glass. I was ____27____ and turned to the man behind me. “May I have your ____28____, sir? I’ll mail it back.” But the stranger smiled and ____29____ the offer away. “Just pass it on.” Then he walked out ____30____ I could even thank him. Deeply moved, I filled the tank and drove home, ____31____ the silent night that I would ____32____ the deal. Weeks later I spotted a young mother counting ____33____ beside an almost empty pump (泵). I stepped forward, ten-dollar bill in hand, and ____34____ the words I had been given: “Pass it on.” “The ____35____ is never repaid to the giver, but to the next stranger in need.” I said to myself. 21. A. made out B. pulled into C. let off D. got through 22. A. successfully B. purposely C. madly D. gently 23. A. real B. significant C. positive D. loose 24. A. cover B. produce C. spare D. keep 25. A. fingered B. spread C. emptied D. packed 26. A. purse B. reserve C. phone D. coat 27. A. thoughtful B. guilty C. surprised D. relieved 28. A. name B. address C. permission D. favor 29. A. waved B. stored C. carried D. put 30. A. as B. since C. before D. though 31. A. recalling B. enjoying C. missing D. promising 32. A. honor B. announce C. kill D. oppose 33. A. numbers B. words C. coins D. votes 34. A. noticed B. repeated C. forced D. spelled 35. A. investment B. loan C. effort D. debt 【答案】21. B 22. C 23. D 24. A 25. B 26. A 27. C 28. B 29. A 30. C 31. D 32. A 33. C 34. B 35. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了“我”因忘带钱包而没钱加油时，得到陌生人的十美元帮助，并后来将这份爱心传递给另一位需要帮助的母亲的温暖经历，体现了善意的传递和善良的价值。 【21题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：中途我把车开进了加油站，伸手去拿钱包，却只摸到了座椅面料。A. made out辨认出；B. pulled into（车）驶入；C. let off释放；D. got through通过。根据后文“a gas station”以及“reached for my purse”可知，作者在回家的路上，中途把车开进了加油站，准备加油。故选B项。 22题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：我疯狂地在座位下面和杯架里面搜寻，只找到了一些零钱——显然不够买一加仑汽油。A. successfully成功地；B. purposely故意地；C. madly疯狂地；D. gently温柔地。根据前文“reached for my purse, and felt only seat fabric”可知，作者发现自己没带钱包，而车快没油了，所以会疯狂地寻找钱。故选C项。 【23题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我疯狂地在座位下面和杯架里面搜寻，只找到了一些零钱——显然不够买一加仑汽油。A. real真实的；B. significant有意义的；C. positive积极的；D. loose零散的，松散的。根据后文“change”以及“obviously not enough”可知，作者找到的是一些零散的零钱。故选D项。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我疯狂地在座位下面和杯架里面搜寻，只找到了一些零钱——显然不够买一加仑汽油。A. cover支付，覆盖；B. produce生产；C. spare抽出，留出；D. keep保持。根据后文“even one gallon”以及语境可知，作者找到的零钱不够支付一加仑汽油的费用。故选A项。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：你可以想象当我把硬币摊在柜台上时店员的表情。A. fingered用手指触摸；B. spread展开，摊开；C. emptied倒空；D. packed打包。根据后文“the coins on the counter”可知，作者把收集到的硬币摊开在柜台上。故选B项。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我解释说我把钱包忘在工作的地方了，这是我所有的钱。A. purse钱包；B. reserve储备；C. phone电话；D. coat外套。根据前文“reached for my purse, and felt only seat fabric”可知，作者没带钱包。故选A项。 【27题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我很惊讶，转身看着我后面的那个人。A. thoughtful体贴的；B. guilty内疚的；C. surprised惊讶的；D. relieved宽慰的。根据后文“a ten-dollar bill slid across the glass”可知，有人帮作者付了钱，所以作者感到惊讶。故选C项。 【28题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我可以要你的地址吗，先生？我会把钱寄回去的。A. name名字；B. address地址；C. permission允许；D. favor帮忙。根据后文“I’ll mail it back”可知，作者想要对方的地址以便把钱寄回去。故选B项。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但陌生人微笑着拒绝了。A. waved挥手拒绝；B. stored储存；C. carried携带；D. put放。根据后文“the offer away”以及“Just pass it on.”可知，陌生人拒绝了作者要寄钱提议，让作者把这份善意传递下去。wave away“挥手拒绝”符合语境。故选A项。 【30题详解】 考查连词词义辨析。句意：然后他还没等我来得及表示感谢就先走了出去。A. as当……时候；B. since自从；C. before在……之前；D. though尽管。根据后文“I could even thank him”可知，陌生人在作者还没来得及感谢对方之前就离开了。故选C项。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：深受感动，我加满了油，开车回家，在寂静的夜晚承诺我会践行这个约定。A. recalling回忆；B. enjoying享受；C. missing错过；D. promising承诺。根据后文“the silent night that I would ____12____ the deal”可知，作者深受感动，承诺会践行把善意传递下去的约定。故选D项。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：深受感动，我加满了油，开车回家，在寂静的夜晚承诺我会践行这个约定。A. honor践行，履行；B. announce宣布；C. kill杀死；D. oppose反对。根据后文“the deal”可知，作者承诺会践行把善意传递下去的约定。honor the deal“履行约定”符合语境。故选A项。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：几周后，我看到一位年轻的母亲在一个几乎空了的油泵旁数硬币。A. numbers数字；B. words话语；C. coins硬币；D. votes选票。根据后文“I stepped forward, ten-dollar bill in hand”可知，年轻的母亲在数硬币，准备加油。故选C项。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我走上前去，手里拿着一张十美元的钞票，重复着别人对我说过的话：“把这份善意传递下去。”A. noticed注意到；B. repeated重复；C. forced强迫；D. spelled拼写。根据后文“the words I had been given: ‘Pass it on.’”可知，作者重复着别人对自己说过的话，让年轻母亲把这份善意传递下去。故选B项。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我对自己说：“这份恩情永远不会回报给给予者，而是回报给下一个需要帮助陌生人。”A. investment投资；B. loan贷款；C. effort努力；D. debt恩情，债务。根据后文“is never repaid to the giver, but to the next stranger in need”可知，作者认为这份善意形成的恩情不会回报给给予者，而是会回报给下一个需要帮助的陌生人。故选D项。 第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Mid-Autumn Festival, observed ____36____ the 15th day of the eighth lunar month, is a significant tradition across Asia that ____37____ (develop) in unique ways in each country by far, reflecting diverse cultural identities. In China, the festival is ____38____ (close) related to family reunions. Family members gather together to admire the bright full moon, which stands for harmony and good fortune. Mooncakes, often ____39____ (fill) with lotus seed paste or red bean, symbolize unity and completeness. Lantern displays and dragon dances add a magical touch to the occasion, ____40____ (bring) the community closer. In Vietnam, the festival is called the Children’s Festival, with special attention given to the young. Streets ____41____ (food) with children wearing colorful masks(面具) and carrying lanterns. Families offer mooncakes and fruits to remember their ancestors and give thanks for the harvest. In Korea, Chuseok is a major holiday ____42____ people return to their hometowns. A special food, songpyeon, is made and shared. In Japan’s Tsukimi or “moon-viewing”, mooncakes are not essential; ____43____, the focus is on the appreciation of nature and the moonlit night. ____44____ celebrations vary, the festival shares the same values of appreciation, family, and harmony throughout Asia. It shows the region’s cultural _____45_____(rich) while connecting people under the same bright autumn moon. 【答案】36. on 37. has developed 38. closely 39. filled 40. bringing 41. are flooded 42. when 43. instead##rather##however 44. Although##Though##While 45. richness 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文介绍亚洲各国中秋节的习俗：中国的团圆、越南的儿童节、韩国的返乡、日本的赏月，说明虽习俗各异，但都体现了对家庭、自然和月亮的重视，展现了亚洲丰富的文化传统。 【36题详解】 考查介词。句意：中秋节在农历八月十五日庆祝，是亚洲各地的一个重要传统节日，迄今为止，每个国家都以独特的方式发展了这一节日，反映了不同的文化身份。根据空后“the 15th day of the eighth lunar month”表示具体的某一天，可知，设空处应用介词on，表示在具体的某一天。故填on。 【37题详解】 考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：中秋节在农历八月十五日庆祝，是亚洲各地的一个重要传统节日，迄今为止，每个国家都以独特的方式发展了这一节日，反映了不同的文化身份。设空处在that引导的定语从句中作谓语，应用动词；根据时间状语by far可知，此处表示动作从过去持续到现在，可能持续下去，应用现在完成时；且定语从句的关系代词that指代先行词tradition，为第三人称单数，助动词用has。故填has developed。 【38题详解】 考查副词。句意：在中国，这个节日与家庭团聚密切相关。分析句子结构可知，设空处应用副词形式，修饰形容词related，作状语，表示程度。close的副词形式为closely，意为“密切地”。故填closely。 【39题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：月饼通常填满莲子酱或红豆，象征着团结和完整。句中symbolize为谓语动词，设空处在句中作非谓语，和逻辑主语Mooncakes之间为被动关系，应用过去分词形式，作后置定语。故填filled。 【40题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：灯笼展览和舞龙为这个场合增添了神奇的色彩，使社区更加紧密。句中add为谓语动词，设空处在句中作非谓语，和逻辑主语Lantern displays and dragon dances之间为主动关系，应用现在分词形式，作结果状语，表示自然而然的结果。故填bringing。 【41题详解】 考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：街道上挤满了戴着彩色面具、提着灯笼的孩子们。设空处在句中作谓语，应用动词；根据句意可知，此处描述客观事实，应用一般现在时；且主语Streets和动词flood之间为被动关系，应用被动语态，be flooded with为固定短语，意为“挤满，充满”；主语为复数名词，be动词用are。故填are flooded。 【42题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：在韩国，秋夕节是一个重要的节日，人们会回到家乡。设空处引导定语从句，先行词为holiday，在从句中作时间状语，应用关系副词when引导。故填when。 【43题详解】 考查副词。句意：在日本，赏月或“观月”时，月饼并不是必不可少的；相反/然而/恰恰相反，重点是欣赏自然和月夜。根据句意可知，前后句之间为转折关系，设空处应用表示转折的副词instead/rather/however，意为“相反/然而”。故填instead/rather/however。 【44题详解】 考查让步状语从句。句意：尽管庆祝活动各不相同，但整个亚洲的节日都共享着感恩、家庭和和谐的价值。设空处引导让步状语从句，根据句意可知，应用although/though/while引导，意为“尽管”，且设空处位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Although/Though/While。 【45题详解】 考查名词。句意：它展示了这个地区的文化丰富性，同时让人们在同一片秋月下联系起来。设空处应用名词形式，作show的宾语，表示“丰富性”。rich的名词形式为richness，为不可数名词。故填richness。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，上周校英语社团成功举办了“镜头里的校园（Campus in Focus）”摄影展。请为校报英语栏目写一篇报道，内容包括： 1. 活动目的； 2. 作品来源及亮点； 3. 师生反响。 注意： 1.写作词数应为80个左右； 2.可自拟题目。 _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Campus in Focus Kicked Off To enrich aesthetic education and sharpen our observation, the English Club launched the photo show “Campus in Focus” in the library lobby last week. More than 200 photos were submitted, ranging from sunrise over the sports field to dew on banyan leaves. After a blind review by the Art Department, 60 shots were displayed, including ten black-and-white works shot by first-year student Li Wen that won the “Best Light” award. Crowds flooded in during breaks. The visitor book gathered 1,200 comments, many reading, “Ordinary corners shine through caring eyes.” The club will now print winning shots as charity postcards. This well-received event proves one click can cultivate taste and tighten campus bonds. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生就英语俱乐部举办的“聚焦校园”摄影展活动写一篇报道。 【详解】1.词汇积累 提高：sharpen→enhance/boost 举办/发起：launch→initiate 展示：display→exhibit 培养：cultivate→nurture 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：More than 200 photos were submitted ranging from sunrise over the sports field to dew on banyan leaves. 拓展句：More than 200 photos were submitted, which ranged from sunrise over the sports field to dew on banyan leaves. 【点睛】【高分句型1】 To enrich aesthetic education and sharpen our observation, the English Club launched the photo show “Campus in Focus” in the library lobby last week.(运用了动词不定式作目的状语) 【高分句型2】After a blind review by the Art Department, 60 shots were displayed, including ten black-and-white works shot by first-year student Li Wen that won the “Best Light” award.(运用了过去分词作定语以及that引导定语从句) 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 The afternoon sun baked the sports field. I stared at the sign-up paper for the 1.500 metres. The word “RESERVE” shone beside my name, written in careful pencil. Only five minutes were left. I took the pen, rubbed out the gray letters, and wrote ALLEN in bright blue ink. My heart beat louder, my hands shook, but I felt warm inside. Coach lifted one eyebrow. “You sure, Allen? This race eats lazy legs.” I nodded, not trusting my voice. “The other runners stood tall beside me, all sharp calves(小腿肚) and bright shoes. Somewhere inside, a small door opened and doubt ran through, but I pushed it back and locked it tight with silent will: “You can do it.” Training began at dawn. On day three my lungs burned like dry leaves. Halfway through the last run I bent over and threw up behind the low seats. Mark, the fastest senior, handed me water and laughed. “Enjoy the pain, rookie(新生).” I wetted my mouth, counted, the seconds I had lost, and whispered, “Three seconds faster tomorrow, that’s all I need today and always.” I stood up and ran again. Numbers became my secret coach. Three seconds a day makes one minute in twenty days. I repeated the math while tying shoes, while eating lunch, while staring at the top of the room at night. The track turned silver under the moon; I ran round until the guard locked the door. Each footstep was a small promise to the future me waiting at the finish line of dreams. I smiled at the moon and kept going. Race day finally arrived. Parents filled the front rows. I jogged to the line, shoes tapping lightly on the red road. The speaker called our names; when he said “Allen,” my friends shouted my nickname, “Ally-Alley-oop!” The gun sounded; we flew. Laps unfolded like pages in a book whose ending I had not yet written but now would complete. Hope grew with every step. 注意：1.续写词数应为150左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 With three hundred metres left, my legs turned wooden. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Seventy-one seconds faster than my life-best: the scoreboard said it all. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】With three hundred metres left, my legs turned wooden. “Keep light,” Coach had said all week, so I let the words ride my breath. My eyes misted, but every step rang clear. “Alley-Alley-oop!” The call beat in time, sending blood I no longer noticed. I stopped counting seconds and started counting heartbeats — one for Mum, one for Mark, one for the shy boy who once wrote “reserve”. They lifted me; the white tape broke across my chest like a gift. Seventy-one seconds faster than my life-best: the scoreboard said it all. I bent low, tasting iron and joy, and laughed till my ribs shook. Teammates crowded round; Coach whispered, “You raised your roof.” Mum waved, eyes bright as the tape. My legs trembled, yet inside a still flame stood. I learnt: the watch only notes what you leave; courage notes what you carry. When life later says, “You can’t,” I’ll answer with that loud cry and run on until “can’t” turns to “ I can”. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，文章讲述了作者从报名参加1500米赛跑时的“替补”身份开始，通过刻苦训练，最终在比赛中大幅刷新个人最好成绩的经过。故事展现了运动员面对挑战时的决心、毅力与成长，以及体育精神带来的自我突破与鼓舞。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“还剩下三百米的时候，我的双腿变得像木头一样僵硬了。”可知，第一段可描写艾伦在赛跑最后阶段身体面临的巨大挑战和心理的坚持。 ②由第二段首句内容“比我的个人最佳成绩快了71秒：记分牌上的一切已说明了一切。”可知，第二段可描写艾伦取得成绩后的喜悦、队友和教练的祝贺以及母亲的激动反应。 2.续写线索： 冲刺挑战——取得佳绩——团队祝贺——家庭温情——感悟成长 3.词汇激活 行为类 ① 保持轻松：Keep light / Stay relaxed ② 视线模糊：eyes misted / eyes blurred ③ 颤抖：tremble/quiver 情绪类 ① 喜悦：joy / delight ② 坚毅： iron / determination 【点睛】[高分句型1]. When life later says, “You can’t,” I’ll answer with that loud cry and run on until “can’t” turns to “ I can”.（分别运用了when和until引导的时间状语从句） [高分句型2]. I learnt: the watch only notes what you leave; courage notes what you carry.（运用了what引导的宾语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $