近五年福建普通高中英语学业水平考试语法填空动词高频考点+动词用法口诀 导学案-2026届高考英语一轮复习专项

该高中英语高考复习学案系统梳理了语法填空中动词类高频考点，将谓语动词（时态、主谓一致）与非谓语动词（不定式、动名词）按考频和逻辑关系构建知识体系，通过真题实例分析和问题链设计，引导学生结合语境自主归纳时态判定、主谓一致及非谓语形式选择规律，体现考点梳理的系统性和层次性。 亮点在于自主诊断工具与方法指导结合，如设置“适应性练习”含单句及语篇填空，学生可通过真题演练自主发现薄弱点，结合“动词用法口诀”强化固定搭配记忆，培养语言能力与学习能力。学案提供考点归纳与反思路径，助力学生构建个性化知识网络，教师可依据学情精准指导，支持因材施教。

近五年福建省普通高中英语学业水平考试语法填空考点分析 动词类高频考点 语法填空这个题型分给词填空和无词填空两类，给词考的是实词，如动词、名词、形容词、副词、数词或代词等. 其中动词是考查重点也是难点。动词考点分为谓语动词和非谓语动词。 谓语动词 谓语动词考点近几年主要是动词的时态和语态，主谓一致以及特殊句式中的动词形式。在实际的考查中，在语境考查这些知识的综合应用。 考点一：动词的时态 2020年1月 I was running out of the classroom when I __41___ (knock) into a boy by accident. I said sorry to him and he smiled at me. 答案 knocked. 考查时态。句意：我正跑出教室，不小心撞上了一个男孩。这是事后讲述发生过经历，表示过去发生的事，“knock”动词，意为“碰，撞”，过去式为“knocked”。故填knocked。 2020年6 月 After I sat on the new bike, my father 40 (help) me to ride the bike. 答案 helped.考查时态。句意:我坐上新自行车后，我父亲帮我骑自行车。根据after引导时间状语从句的谓语动词helped可知，空处主语的谓语动词需用一般过去时，表示过去发生的事情。故填helped。 2021年6 月 When my son came back during the summer vacation, my wife and I, as usual,____39____(meet)him at the station. 答案 met考查动词时态。根据上文When my son came back during the summer vacation可知此处描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。故填met。 2022年1月 Later, a website _____41_____ (decide) to raise money to help Mr. James because he had no home or job. 答案 decided考查时态。句意：后来，一个网站决定筹集资金来帮助詹姆斯先生，因为他没有家，也没有工作。根据上下文可知此处描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，故填decided。 2022年6月 Hearing the cry, Judith didn’t stop to think. Although the water ___58___(be) very cold, she jumped into the river immediately. 答案was考查动词时态。句意：尽管水很冷，她还是立即跳进了河里。分析句子，设空处使用动词作谓语，句子表述过去事实，故使用一般过去时。故填was。 2023年1月 Each morning during a fifteen minute bath，I 59_______(determine) to develop a big happy smile. 答案 determined.考查动词语态。根据上文After graduation from college, I started to sell可知此处描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。故填determined. 2023年6月 When his father ___32___ (ask) him for help, Tim said he was tired. 答案 asked考查动词时态。句意：当他父亲请他帮忙时，蒂姆说他累了。此处讲述过去发生的事情，根据“said”和“was”可知，此处为一般过去时。故填asked。 2024年1月 As a result, he fell ill several times and ___39___(miss) many classes. 答案 missed。考查动词时态。根据上文Our neighbor’s son got into a good college,可知此处描述过去发生在我邻居孩子的事情，应用一般过去时。故填missed。 2024年6月 Fu Tian, a college student, cut firewood for his grandparents during the winter vacation. The neighbors ___32___ (praise) him as “the most handsome man”. 答案 考查动词时态。句意：邻居们称赞他是“最英俊的男人”。根据上文cut和下文didn’t sleep可知，句子时态为一般过去时，句子主语The neighbors和动词praise之间构成主谓关系，需用一般过去时的主动语态。故填praised。 考点归纳：： 1.牢固掌握各种时态的基本用法，特别是一般过去时、一般现在时。 2.理解语境，找准动作发生的时间,确定时态。 考点二：时态和主谓一致 2020年1月 Things are going well, but there ____37____ (be) always something new just around the corner. 答案 is. 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：事情进行得很顺利，但总有一些新的事情即将发生。根据句意和句中“always”可知，句子陈述的是经常性、习惯性的动作，应用一般现在时，句子主语“something”，为不定代词，谓语动词应用单数，“be”用“is”。故填is。 2020年6月 A small bike is lying quietly in our garden. It 37 ( be) quite old and I can not ride it any longer, but I still keep it there, as it often brings back to me a wonderful memory. 答案 is 考查时态和主谓一致。句意:这辆自行车很旧了。本句陈述一个事实，谓语动词需用一般现在时态，主语是第三人称单数 it，所以 be动词需用 is。故填 is。 2022年1月 At first, he didn’t know what to do, but when he opened the bag, he saw there _____39_____ (be) a wallet with $40,000 in it. 答案 was考查时态和主谓一致。句意：一开始，他不知道该怎么办，但当他打开包时，他看到里面有一个钱包，里面有4万美元。根据上文At first, he didn’t know what to do, but when he opened the bag可知此处描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时. there be句型中be动词形式根据就近原则来确定，也就是根据a wallet来确定，因此空格处be动词用单数，故填was。 2022年6月 She keeps a dog so she often___55___ (take) it for walks by the river at the back of our house. 答案 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：她养了一只狗，所以她经常带着它在我们房子后面的河边散步。分析句子，设空处动词作为谓语，句子表述客观事实，故使用一般现在时。句子的主语为she是第三人称单数，故谓语动词用第三人称单数。故填takes。 2024年1月 I think it is important for children to learn how to do chores (日常事务) and help their parents with housework. It ___31___(be) not enough to just get good grades at school. 答案 is考查时态和主谓一致。句意：仅仅在学校取得好成绩是不够的。根据上文，可知时态用一般现在时；本句主语是it, 谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式 ，因此空格处be动词用单数，故填is。 考点归纳： 1.仔细辨识主语的单复数，尤其是主语较长时，要准确锁定其中心词。 2.分析语法关系，逻辑意义，同时考虑就近原则。 3注意特殊句式 there be句型中主谓一致和时态。 总结： 当句子缺少谓语动词时，括号中的动词就是谓语动词。此时，要根据语境确定用哪种时态，根据主语与该动词的主动或被动关系确定用主动语态还是用被动语态。具体解题技巧如下： 第一步：确定句中是否缺谓语或并列谓语，如缺谓语动词，则填谓语动词。 第二步：根据语境确定时态。 第三步：观察主语与谓语之间是主动关系还是被动关系，以确定用主动语态还是被动语态，同时还要根据语境考虑用哪种时态。 第四步：要注意主谓一致。 非谓语动词 非谓语动词考点 近几年主要是 辨识谓语与非谓语，非谓语动词作主语和宾语，固定句式中的非谓语形式。 考点一 动词不定式 2020年1月 So in physics class on Monday, I did the same, but the teacher spoke so fast that I couldn’t take everything down. The teacher told me ____40____ (stop) and just listen. 答案 to stop. 考查非谓语动词。句意：老师告诉我停下来听。本题考查固定短语“tell sb. to do sth”，意为“告诉某人做某事”，不定式符号“to”后接动词原形。故填to stop。 2023年1月 Seldom did it fail 64_______(get) the same smile in return from the person I met. 答案 to get. 考查非谓语动词。句意：很少情况我没有从遇到的人那里得到同样微笑回报。（当你对别人微笑时，几乎总是能得到对方的微笑回应） 本题考查固定短语fail to do sth. 未能做某事。故填to get. 2023年6月 When his mother told him ___31___ (take) out the rubbish, he told his little sister to do it. 答案 to take. 考查非谓语动词。句意：当他妈妈告诉他把垃圾拿出去时，他告诉他的小妹妹去做。tell sb. to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“告诉某人做某事”。故填to take。 2024年6月 Apart from cutting firewood, he also tried his best ___35___ (help) them with other work, such as digging the field and buying medicine. 答案 to help. 考查非谓语动词。句意：除了砍柴，他还尽力帮助他们做其他工作，比如挖地和买药。本题考查固定短语try one’s best to do sth.，意为“尽某人最大努力去做某事”，不定式作目的状语。故填to help。 考点二 动词-ing 形式 2020年1月 At the club, I had my first try at ____42____ (skate) and fell over a lot. 答案skating. 考查非谓语动词。句意：在俱乐部里，我第一次尝试滑冰，摔了很多跤。句中“at”为介词，后应接动名词作宾语，动词skate的动名词形式为“skating”。故填skating。 2021年6月 On arriving home, much to my surprise, my son took out a fashionable wrist watch and gave it to me,____41____(say)it was a birthday gift for me. 答案 saying. 考查非谓语动词。句意: 一到家，儿子就拿出一只时尚的手表送给我，说这是给我的生日礼物，这让我非常吃惊。分析句子结构可知say在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与主语son构成主动关系，故应用现在分词作状语，故填saying，表伴随。 2022年6月 Last winter a small boy fell into the river. He couldn’t swim and kept ___57___ (cry). 答案 crying.考查非谓语动词。句意：去年冬天，一个小男孩掉进了河里。他不会游泳，一直在哭叫。句中keep doing为固定短语，意为“一直做某事”。故填crying。 2023年1月 I found out , however, that it couldn't be a forced smile developed just for the purpose of 61_______(put) dollars in my pocket. 答案 putting. 句意：然而我发现这种微笑不能是为了赚钱而强迫装出的笑容 “for the purpose of “ 为了...目的，在介词of 之后，后应接动名词作宾语，动词put的动名词为putting，故填putting. 2024年1月 Children usually live in one house with their parents, so they should know that everyone should do their part in ___36___(keep) it clean and tidy. 答案 考查非谓语动词。句意：既然他们和父母住在一所房子里，他们就应该知道每个人都应该尽自己的责任保持房子干净整洁。keep 在介词in后作宾语，应用动名词形式,故填keeping. 2024年6月 Apart from cutting firewood, he also tried his best to help them with other work, such as digging the field and ___36___ (buy) medicine. 答案 考查非谓语动词。句意：除了砍柴，他还尽力帮助他们做其他工作，比如挖地和买药。and是表示并列的连词，此处连接两个并列的动名词短语，即空处与digging并列,形式一致。故填buying。 考点归纳： 当句中已有谓语动词，空格前又没有并列连词与括号中的动词并列时，所给动词要填非谓语动词。此时，就要根据非谓语动词的用法确定用其具体形式(doing, done, to do)。 备考建议：积累固定用法 动词用法口诀1 要求跟不定式的动词 “要想干，同意办，愿意不愿意，决定尽量干。” a要求，想要，希望(want, wish, hope, expect, intend, mean) b同意(agree, promise) c意愿(care, hate, refuse) d决定，企图(determine, decide, offer, attempt, try, manage) 动词用法口诀2 要求跟动名词的动词 (1)“megafeps”(霉咖啡不吃) mind, miss, enjoy, give up, admit, avoid, finish, escape, practise. (2)“makes (a) fit speech” mind,avoid,keep,enjoy,suggest/finish,imagine,think about,spend,practise,excuse,escape,can't help 动词用法口诀3 谓与非谓经常混 谓语句中就一个 其余动词非谓语常见形式有三种 ving ved 和to do 主宾通常ving 现在分词表主动 过去分词表被动 目的要用不定式 语填要想拿高分 语法口诀要记牢 适应性练习 请根据句意语境写出提示词的正确形式。请注意动词的用法。 Part 1 单句语法填空 1There (be) a lamp, two books and 6 pens on the desk. 2 Whatever she ______ (say) will not make any difference to our arrangements. 3 We can start the habit by __________ (write) learning summaries and remember to record something impressive and meaningful. 4 You may have trouble in_________ (sleep) if you have a heavy meal just before you go to bed. 5 After __________ (see) we were hurt, they drove us to the hospital and stayed there until we felt better. Part 2 My daughter, Jane, never dreamed of 6 (receive) a letter from a girl of her own age in Holland. Last year, we were travelling across the Channel and Jane 7 (put) a piece of paper with her name and address on it into a bottle. She 8 (throw) the bottle into the sea. She never thought of it again, but ten months later, she received a letter from a girl in Holland.Both girls 9 (write) to each other regularly now. However, they have decided 10 (use) the post office. Letters will cost a little more, but they will certainly travel faster. Roy Trenton used to drive a taxi. A short while ago, however, he 11 (become) a bus driver and he has not regretted it. He is finding his new work far more exciting. When he was driving along Catford Street recently, he 12 (see) two thieves run out of a shop and run towards a waiting car. One of them was carrying a bag full of money. Roy acted quickly and 13 (drive) the bus straight at the thieves. The one with the money got such a fright that he 14 (drop) the bag. As the thieves were trying 15 (get) away in their car, Roy drove his bus into the back of it. While the damaged car was moving away, Roy stopped his bus and called the police. Shortly afterwards, the police arrived and both men were arrested. An old farmer was about to die. He wanted 16 (make) sure that his sons would stop 17 (fight) among themselves. He hoped 18 (encourage )them to manage the farm successfully. The old man called his sons together and said “My sons I’m about to leave this life. You will find all that I have in the farm.” Some time later after their father had died the sons started to spend long hours 19 (work) in the fields. They thought their father had buried a treasure in the ground. They kept 20 (plough) from morn till night, 21 (turn) the soil over again and again but still failed 22 (find) any treasure. That year’s crops however were better than any of their father’s crops and sold for a very good price. In the end the young men found that 23 (work) hard is truly a treasure in itself. 答案 1 is 2 says 3 writing 4 sleeping 5 seeing 6 receiving 7 put 8 threw 9 write 10 to use 11 became 12 saw 13 drove 14 dropped 15 to get 16 to make 17 fighting 18 to encourage 19 working 20 turning 21 ploughing 22 to find 23 working ( 1 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $