专题02 选择性必修第一册Units 3～4 单元词汇短语句型梳理（期末复习知识清单）高二英语上学期沪外版

该高中英语选择性必修第一册Units 3~4知识清单系统梳理了单元核心内容，涵盖词汇拓展、短语运用、句型掌握、写作指导及题型训练等核心范畴，为学生搭建了从基础语言知识积累到综合语言运用能力提升的递进式学习支架。 清单采用分类整合与关联迁移的方式呈现知识体系，如词类转换模块标注“变出精彩，举一反三”引导词汇网络构建，高频句型融入高考真题改编实例（如2023新课标II卷语法填空），培养学生的语言能力和思维品质。特别设计易混词对比表（如survive/rescue用法辨析）、写作通用表达模板（如冒险主题议论文“数据支撑+观点解读”结构），不同基础学生可高效梳理要点，教师可据此设计分层教学活动，提升课堂实效与学生自主学习效率。

专题02 选择性必修第一册Units 3~4 单元词汇短语句型梳理 ( 清单 01 词类转换 ( 变出精彩，举一反三 ) ) Unit 3 1. endurance n. 忍耐力；耐久力→endure v. 忍受；持续→enduring adj. 持久的；不朽的 2. advertisement n. 广告；启事→advertise v. 做广告；宣传→advertiser n. 广告商→advertising n. 广告业 3. explorer n. 探险者；勘探者→explore v. 勘探；探索→exploration n. 探索；勘探 4. expedition n. 远征；探险→expedite v. 加快；促进→expeditious adj. 迅速的；高效的 5. survive v. 生存；幸存→survival n. 生存；幸存→survivor n. 幸存者；生还者 6. rescue n. 救援；营救 v. 营救→rescuer n. 救援者；救助者 7. exhaust v.→exhausted adj. 筋疲力尽的→exhausting adj. 使人疲惫的→exhaustion n. 疲惫；耗尽 8. abandon v. 舍弃，丢弃→abandoned adj. 被遗弃的→abandonment n. 遗弃；放弃 9. resolve v. 决心；决定；解决→resolution n. 决心；决议→resolved adj. 坚决的；下定决心的 10. observe v.→observation n. 评论；观察→observant adj. 善于观察的→observer n. 观察者 Unit 4 1.intelligent adj. 智能的→ intelligence n. 智力；智能 2.efficient adj. 高效的→ efficiency n. 效率→ efficiently adv. 高效地 3.energy n. 能量→ energy-saving adj. 节能的→ energetic adj. 精力充沛的 4.robot n. 机器人→ robot-supported adj. 机器人支持的→ robotic adj. 机器人的 5.secure adj. 安全的→ security n. 安全→ securely adv. 安全地 6.benefit v./n. 受益；好处→ beneficial adj. 有益的→ beneficially adv. 有益地 7.constant adj. 持续的→ constantly adv. 不断地→ constancy n. 持续性 8.surround v. 包围→ surrounding adj. 周围的→ surroundings n. 环境 9.simulate v. 模拟→ simulation n. 模拟→ simulator n. 模拟器 10.ultimate adj. 最终的→ ultimately adv. 最终；归根结底 ( 清单 02 识词知意 ( 厚积薄发，熟能生巧 ) ) Unit 2 1.visa n.签证 2.flat adj.平的；平坦的；扁平的；单调的；不景气的 n.公寓；单元房；平面；平地 3.empire n.帝国；帝王统治，君权；大企业组织 4.emperor n.皇帝，君主 5.brochure n.小册子，宣传册 6.package n.包裹；盒，包；一套，一揽子；包价旅游；套餐；软件包 vt.把……打包，把……装箱；包装；配套销售 7.civilisation n.文明；文明社会，美好的生活环境 8.statue n.雕像，塑像 9.tomb n.坟墓，墓穴 10.unearth vt.发掘；出土；发现 11.Spanish n.西班牙语；西班牙人 adj.西班牙的；西班牙语的；西班牙人的 12.castle n.城堡；堡垒；巨大的建筑物 Unit 3 1.event n．（重要的）事件；活动；比赛项目 2.track n．跑道；轨道；足迹；路径 vi.& vt.追踪；跟踪；沿着轨道运行 3.gym n．健身房；体育馆（全称为gymnasium） 4.sweat vt.使出汗；出汗弄湿 vi.出汗；流汗 n．汗水；汗珠 5.athlete n．运动员；体育健儿 6.master n．大师；能手；主人；硕士 vt.精通；掌握；控制 7.medal n．奖章；勋章；奖牌 8.captain n．队长；船长；机长；（运动队的）队长 9.apart adv.分开；分离；相距；除外（常与from搭配，表“除……之外”） 10.pretend vi.& vt.假装；佯装（常与to do sth.搭配，表“假装做某事”） 11.million num.百万；百万个（复数形式millions常与of搭配，表“数百万的”） 12.cheat vi.作弊；舞弊；行骗 vt.欺骗；骗取 n．骗子；欺骗行为 13.audience n．观众；听众；读者（集合名词，视为整体时谓语用单数，强调个体时谓语用复数） 14.positive adj.积极的；正面的；肯定的；阳性的（反义词为negative，表“消极的；否定的”） 15.slim adj.苗条的；纤细的；单薄的；（机会）微小的 16.diet n．日常饮食；节食 vi.节食；控制饮食（常与on搭配，表“节食”，如go on a diet） 17.rather adv.相当；有点儿；宁愿；反而（常与than搭配，表“而不是”） 18.jog vi.慢跑（尤指为锻炼） n．慢跑；轻推；轻撞 ( 清单 03 高频短语 ( 积 少成多，活学活用 ) ) Unit 3 1.set out/off 出发；启程 2.abandon ship 弃船 3.in danger 处于危险中 4.at risk 处于危险中 5.rescue sb. from 从……营救某人 6.struggle for survival 为生存而挣扎 7.freeze to death 冻死 8.take shelter 躲避；避难 9.set up camp 扎营 10.in spite of 尽管；不管 11.make it 成功；做到 12.hold on 坚持；继续 13.come across 偶然遇到 14.in search of 寻找；搜寻 15.fight against 与……作斗争 16.take on 承担；接受 17.pull through 渡过难关 18.lead an adventure 进行探险 19.face disasters 面对灾难 20.be trapped in 被困于 Unit 4 1.computer-assisted 计算机辅助的 2.close to nature 亲近自然 3.on the way 即将到来；在路上 4.consist of 由……组成 5.power up 启动；通电 6.take care of 照顾；处理 7.deal with 应对；处理 8.in terms of 就……而言 9.based on 基于；以……为基础 10.thanks to 由于；多亏 11.apart from 除……之外 12.as a result 结果；因此 13.for instance 例如；比如 14.in a nutshell 简而言之 15.by means of 通过；借助于 16.keep track of 跟踪；记录 17.adapt to 适应 18.live a convenient life 过便捷的生活 19.energy-saving technology 节能技术 20.artificial intelligence 人工智能 ( 清单 04 高频句型 ( 精彩句型，句句精彩 ) ) 1.It was not until the rescuers arrived that they finally escaped from danger.（直到救援人员到达，他们才最终脱险。） 2.Before the ship sank, the sailors had struggled against the storm for three days.（船沉没前，水手们已与暴风雨搏斗了三天。） 3.The explorer who conquered the dangerous mountain is regarded as a hero by the locals.（征服了那座险峰的探险家被当地人奉为英雄。） 4.In spite of the harsh weather, they insisted on moving forward, which impressed all the team members.（尽管天气恶劣，他们仍坚持前进，这让所有队员都深受触动。） 5.The future home, which is equipped with intelligent devices, will make people’s life more convenient.（未来的家配备了智能设备，将使人们的生活更加便捷。） 6.It is predicted that solar-powered cars will become popular in the next 20 years.（据预测，太阳能汽车将在未来20年普及。） 7.Thanks to the development of AI, we will be able to finish daily chores by means of robots.（多亏了人工智能的发展，我们将能够借助机器人完成日常家务。） 8.The more we focus on energy-saving technology, the better our living environment will be.（我们越关注节能技术，生活环境就会越好。） 9.As is known to all, adventure spirit plays an important role in human progress.（众所周知，探险精神在人类进步中起着重要作用。） 10.By the time they reached the destination, they had been on the journey for two weeks.（当他们到达目的地时，已经旅行了两周。） ( 清单 05 单元写作 ( 通用表达，范文背诵 ) ) Unit3 一、单元写作任务：冒险主题议论文（数据支撑型） 本部分常考的写作话题是“阐述人们对冒险的不同理解”或“论证冒险的价值”，要求写一篇议论文，以调查数据为核心支撑细节，结合具体观点展开论述。写作需遵循“总-分-总”结构，数据要具体相关、有说服力，内容通常包括：1. 提出核心观点（如“人们对冒险的定义存在显著差异”）；2. 用调查数据+观点解读作为支撑；3. 总结数据反映的本质或冒险的深层意义。 二、亮点词汇 1. adventure n. 冒险；冒险活动 2. risky activities 高风险活动 3. off the beaten track 远离常规路线；人迹罕至的 4. survey data 调查数据 5. statistics n. 统计数据 6. account for 占（比例） 7. describe v. 描述；定义 8. adventurous adj. 爱冒险的；具有冒险精神的 9. extreme sports 极限运动 10. personal growth 个人成长 11. challenge oneself 挑战自我 12. unconventional adj. 非传统的 13. explore v. 探索 14. questionnaire n. 调查问卷 15. interviewee n. 受访者 16. relevant adj. 相关的 三、常用表达 1. 首段常用句式 (1) People’s understanding of adventure varies greatly, and recent survey data has clearly reflected this difference. 人们对冒险的理解差异显著，近期的调查数据已清晰反映了这一点。 (2) Recently I have conducted a questionnaire among 500 high school students about their views on adventure, and the results are quite enlightening. 最近我对500名高中生进行了关于冒险看法的问卷调查，结果颇具启发意义。 (3) What is striking is that different age groups hold totally different definitions of adventure, as shown by the latest research statistics. 令人惊讶的是，最新研究数据显示，不同年龄段的人对冒险的定义截然不同。 (4) I used to think adventure was just extreme sports, but a school-wide survey changed my understanding completely. 我以前认为冒险只是极限运动，但一次全校范围的调查彻底改变了我的看法。 2. 中段常用句式 (1) According to the survey, 45% of the interviewees describe adventure as “exploring off the beaten track and visiting less-known places.” 根据调查，45%的受访者将冒险定义为“探索人迹罕至的地方，造访鲜为人知的景点”。 (2) I read a research report that told me 30% of young people believe adventure is “trying something new beyond their comfort zone,” while only 15% think it refers to extreme sports. 我读过一份研究报告，其中显示30%的年轻人认为冒险是“尝试舒适区之外的新事物”，而仅有15%的人认为它指极限运动。 (3) As the data shows, 20% of the respondents account for “challenging tasks that test one’s ability” as adventure, which reflects their focus on personal growth. 数据显示，20%的受访者将“考验个人能力的挑战性任务”视为冒险，这体现了他们对个人成长的关注。 (4) I tried to analyze the survey results: a total of 55% of adults associate adventure with “low-risk but unconventional experiences,” such as rural backpacking, while teenagers prefer more exciting forms. 我试着分析调查结果：55%的成年人将冒险与“低风险但非传统的体验”联系起来，比如乡村背包旅行，而青少年更偏爱更刺激的形式。 3. 尾段常用句式 (1) Now, it is clear from the data that adventure has no fixed definition—it varies with people’s values and life experiences. 现在，从数据中可以明确看出，冒险没有固定定义——它随人们的价值观和生活经历而变化。 (2) At present, not only do we understand the diversity of people’s views on adventure through statistics, but we also realize that the core of adventure is exploring and growing. 目前，我们不仅通过数据了解了人们对冒险看法的多样性，还意识到冒险的核心是探索与成长。 (3) Thanks to the survey data, we can draw a conclusion: adventure is what makes people step out of routine and embrace new possibilities. 多亏了调查数据，我们可以得出结论：冒险是让人们走出常规、拥抱新可能的事物。 (4) I am more than happy to see that most people regard adventure as a positive experience, and this attitude will encourage more people to challenge themselves. 我非常高兴看到大多数人将冒险视为积极的体验，这种态度将鼓励更多人挑战自我。 四、范文背诵 People’s understanding of adventure is remarkably diverse, and a recent survey I conducted among 500 peers has fully proved this. According to the survey results, 40% of the interviewees describe adventure as “exploring off the beaten track and visiting places less visited by tourists.” A total of 25% of them believe adventure is “trying something new that they have never done before,” such as learning a difficult skill or traveling alone. Those who associate adventure with extreme sports account for 20%, while 15% think it refers to “completing challenging tasks beyond their current ability.” From these statistics, we can clearly see that adventure means different things to different people. However, the core of all these definitions is stepping out of one’s comfort zone and embracing new experiences. At present, not only do we recognize the diversity of views on adventure, but we also understand that adventure is an important way to promote personal growth. I sincerely hope more people will have the courage to pursue their own “adventure” and gain valuable experiences in the process. Unit4 一、单元写作任务：给未来自己的一封信 本部分常考的写作话题是“给未来的自己写一封信”，要求以书信形式，结合当下现状、具体事例，表达对未来的期许与自我鼓励。写作需情感真挚、细节具体、逻辑连贯，内容通常包括：1. 问候与点明写信目的；2. 描述当前现状（附具体事例支撑）；3. 表达对未来的希望与自我鼓励；4. 祝福与落款。 二、亮点词汇 1. future self 未来的自己 2. current situation 当前状况 3. aspiration n. 期许；渴望 4. personal growth 个人成长 5. uncertainty n. 不确定性 6. strive v. 努力；奋斗 7. accomplish v. 实现；完成 8. confident adj. 自信的 9. capable adj. 有能力的 10. reflect v. 反思 11. brilliant adj. 精彩的；卓越的 12. overcome v. 克服 13. challenge n. 挑战 14. cherish v. 珍惜 15. pursue v. 追求 16. perseverance n. 坚持不懈 三、常用表达 1. 首段常用句式 (1) Dear Future Me, I hope this letter finds you well and that you’re living the life you once dreamed of. 亲爱的未来的我，希望你一切安好，正过着曾经梦想的生活。 (2) Recently I have been reflecting on my current life and feeling curious about what you will be like in three years. 最近我一直在反思当下的生活，对三年后的你充满好奇。 (3) What bothers me a little now is my lack of courage in chasing my dreams, so I’m writing this letter to record my thoughts and encourage you. 现在让我有些困扰的是追逐梦想时缺乏勇气，所以我写这封信记录心声，也为你鼓劲。 (4) I used to be confused about my future direction, but now I’m trying to take small steps forward—and I want to share this with you. 我以前对未来方向很迷茫，但现在我试着一步步前行——我想把这些分享给你。 2. 中段常用句式 (1) I’m currently struggling with my math studies: every time I face complex equations, I feel frustrated and want to give up. 我现在正为数学学习发愁：每次面对复杂的方程，我都感到沮丧，想要放弃。 (2) I read an article that told me “persistence pays off,” so I’m trying to spend an extra hour practicing math every evening. Hopefully, by the time you read this, you have mastered the subject. 我读过一篇文章说“坚持就有回报”，所以我试着每天晚上多花一小时练习数学。希望你读到这封信时，已经精通这门学科。 (3) Instead of shrinking back from public speaking, I’ve joined the school’s debate club. For instance, I recently gave a short speech in front of the club, and though nervous, I finished it smoothly. 我不再回避公开演讲，而是加入了学校的辩论社。比如，我最近在社团里做了一次简短演讲，虽然紧张，但顺利完成了。 (4) I tried to list my aspirations for you: first, I hope you’re studying your favorite major in college; second, I wish you’re more confident and brave enough to take on new challenges. 我试着为你列出期许：一是希望你在大学里学习自己喜欢的专业；二是愿你更加自信，有勇气迎接新的挑战。 3. 尾段常用句式 (1) Now, I’m doing my best to live in the present, and I believe all efforts will lead to a better future for you. 现在，我正尽力活在当下，相信所有的努力都会为你铺就更美好的未来。 (2) At present, not only am I overcoming my weaknesses, but I’m also nurturing my passions—I hope you’re still holding onto what you love. 目前，我不仅在克服自己的弱点，还在培养热爱的事物——希望你依然坚守着心中所爱。 (3) Thanks to the courage I’m building now, I hope you’ve become the person you always wanted to be: kind, strong, and unregretful. 多亏了现在正在积攒的勇气，希望你已经成为自己一直想成为的人：善良、坚强，且无怨无悔。 (4) I am more than happy to imagine you reading this letter with a smile, recalling the struggles and hopes of today. Best wishes for a brilliant life! 我满心欢喜地想象着你微笑着读这封信，回忆起此刻的挣扎与憧憬。祝你拥有精彩的人生！ 四、范文背诵 Dear Future Me, I hope this letter finds you well. I’m currently in the second term of senior two, feeling a mix of pressure and anticipation. My biggest challenge now is English writing—I often struggle to express my ideas clearly, and I’ve rewritten many essays without much progress. But I’m not giving up. I’ve joined the school’s English writing club and practice writing a short passage every day. Hopefully, by the time you read this, you’ve become proficient in English writing and even won a writing competition. For instance, I hope you’re using your English skills to communicate with people from all over the world. Also, I wish you’re more confident and brave, no longer afraid of making mistakes. Remember, all the efforts today are for your bright future. Believe in yourself, and never regret the choices you’ve made. May you live a life full of joy and achievements! Best Wishes, Present Me ( 题型 01 2 单词拼写 ( 夯实双基，厚积薄发 ) ) 根据汉语和首字母提示写出单词的正确形式 1. The explorer’s great endurance helped him survive the harsh desert journey. 2. Thanks to the timely rescue, all the survivors of the shipwreck were sent to safety. 3. It is intelligent of the robot to adjust its working mode according to the environment. 4. We should develop a positive attitude towards challenges in life and study. 5. The team has resolvedto finish the expedition even if they face extreme weather. 6. The surrounding surroundingsof the mountain village are so beautiful that many tourists come every year. 7. This new technology is highly beneficial to the protection of the environment. 8. After hours of running, the athlete was completely exhausted but still insisted on reaching the finish line. ( 题型 02 2 单句语法填空 ( 一词多变，活学活用 ) ) 1.（2021 浙江卷改编）：By the time the firemen arrived, the big fire had been put out by the local residents. 2.（2022 新高考 I 卷改编）The future city described in the book will be equipped with solar-powered transport. 3.He is the only one of the students who has been awarded the special scholarship for his adventurous spirit. The intelligent robot we designed last year can help with household chores efficiently. 5.By 2030, more than 30% of the world’s energy will have been generated from solar power, according to the report. 6.（2023 新课标 II 卷）The library where we often study has been renovated, which provides a better reading environment. 7.（2022 天津卷）Before he became a famous explorer, he had trained hard for outdoor activities for years. 8.（2021 全国甲卷）The new technology that was invented last year will be used in future-life related projects. 易混词 用法及例句 survive rescue survive（v. 幸存；存活）：侧重在灾难、困境中活下来，常用搭配survive sth. / survive from sth.。 例：Only a few people survived the terrible earthquake in the mountain area. 只有少数人在山区的那场大地震中幸存。 rescue（v./n. 营救）：侧重主动解救他人脱离危险，常用搭配rescue sb. from sth.。 例：The volunteers rescued the lost hikers from the snowstorm before nightfall. 志愿者在天黑前从暴风雪中救出了迷路的徒步旅行者。 abandon desert abandon（v. 抛弃；放弃）：侧重主动放弃人、物或计划，可指暂时或永久放弃，语气较强。 例：The sailors had to abandon the sinking ship and swim to the nearby island. 水手们不得不弃船，游向附近的岛屿。 desert（v. 抛弃；遗弃）：侧重违背责任或承诺抛弃某人，尤指不顾他人安危，语气更负面。 例：No one should desert their friends when they are in trouble. 任何人都不应该在朋友遇到困难时抛弃他们。 intelligent clever smart intelligent（adj. 智能的；聪明的）：侧重天生的智力水平高，或指事物具有智能属性，正式用语。 例：The intelligent robot can recognize human emotions and respond appropriately. 这款智能机器人能识别人类的情绪并做出恰当回应。 clever（adj. 聪明的；灵巧的）：侧重头脑灵活，善于解决具体问题，口语常用。 例：He is a clever boy who can find creative solutions to daily problems. 他是个聪明的男孩，能为日常问题找到创造性的解决办法。 smart（adj. 聪明的；智能的）：侧重反应敏捷、善于学习，可形容人或具有智能功能的事物，口语和书面语通用。 例：She bought a smart watch that can track her health data and receive calls. 她买了一块能追踪健康数据和接电话的智能手表。 efficient effective efficient（adj. 高效的）：侧重投入少、产出高，强调效率。 例：The new energy-saving air conditioner is more efficient than the old one, saving a lot of electricity. 这款新的节能空调比旧款效率更高，节省了不少电。 effective（adj. 有效的）：侧重达到预期目的或效果，强调结果。 例：This new policy has proven effective in reducing air pollution in the city. 这项新政策已被证明在减少城市空气污染方面是有效的。 in spite of despite although in spite of（尽管；不管）：介词短语，后接名词、代词或动名词，可置于句首或句中。 例：In spite of the heavy snow, we still set out for the adventure on time. 尽管雪下得很大，我们还是按时出发去探险了。 despite（尽管；不管）：用法同in spite of，语气更正式，无of，直接接名词性成分。 例：Despite the difficulties, they never gave up their dream of exploring the Arctic. 尽管困难重重，他们从未放弃探索北极的梦想。 although（尽管；虽然）：连词，后接完整句子，可置于句首或句中，不能与but连用。 例：Although the journey was tiring, everyone felt happy and fulfilled. 尽管旅途疲惫，但每个人都感到快乐和满足。 adapt to adjust to adapt to（适应）：侧重通过改变自身来适应新环境、新情况，强调过程的长期性。 例：It takes time for people to adapt to the fast-paced future life with advanced technology. 人们需要时间来适应科技发达的快节奏未来生活。 adjust to（适应；调整）：侧重通过微调自身状态或行为来适应，过程相对较短。 例：She quickly adjusted to the new working environment and made great progress. 她很快适应了新的工作环境，并取得了很大进步。 学科网（北京）股份有限公3 / 7 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题02 选择性必修第一册Units 3~4单元词汇短语句型梳理 ( 清单 01 词类转换 ( 变出精彩，举一反三 ) ) Unit 3 1.endurance n. 忍耐力；耐久力→__________v. 忍受；持续→__________adj. 持久的；不朽的 2.advertisement n. 广告；启事→__________v. 做广告；宣传→__________n. 广告商→_______n. 广告业 3.explorer n. 探险者；勘探者→__________v. 勘探；探索→__________n. 探索；勘探 4.expedition n. 远征；探险→__________v. 加快；促进→__________adj. 迅速的；高效的 5.survive v. 生存；幸存→__________n. 生存；幸存→__________n. 幸存者；生还者 6.rescue n. 救援；营救 v. 营救→__________n. 救援者；救助者 7.exhaust v.→adj. 筋疲力尽的→__________adj. 使人疲惫的→__________exhaustion n. 疲惫；耗尽 8.abandon v. 舍弃，丢弃→__________adj. 被遗弃的→__________n. 遗弃；放弃 9.resolve v. 决心；决定；解决→__________n. 决心；决议→__________adj. 坚决的；下定决心的 10.observe v.→__________n. 评论；观察→__________adj. 善于观察的→n. 观察者 Unit 4 1.intelligent adj. 智能的→ _______ n. 智力；智能 2.efficient adj. 高效的→ _______ n. 效率→ _______ adv. 高效地 3.energy n. 能量→ _______ adj. 节能的→ _______ adj. 精力充沛的 4.robot n. 机器人→ ______ adj. 机器人支持的→ _______ adj. 机器人的 5.secure adj. 安全的→ _______ n. 安全→ _______ adv. 安全地 6.benefit v./n. 受益；好处→ _______ adj. 有益的→ ______ adv. 有益地 7.constant adj. 持续的→ _______ adv. 不断地→ _______ n. 持续性 8.surround v. 包围→ __ _____ adj. 周围的→ _ ______ n. 环境 9.simulate v. 模拟→ _______ n. 模拟→ _______ n. 模拟器 10.ultimate adj. 最终的→ _______ adv. 最终；归根结底 ( 清单 02 识词知意 ( 厚积薄发，熟能生巧 ) ) Unit 3 1.____________ n. 探险家 2.____________ n. 探索者 3.____________ v. 幸存；存活 4.____________ v./n. 营救 5.____________ v. 抛弃；放弃 6.____________ n. 灾难；灾祸 7.____________ adj. 极冷的 8.____________ n./v. 庇护所；躲避 9.____________ v./n. 徒步旅行 10.____________ v. 行军；行进 11.____________ adj. 害怕的；受惊的 12.____________ n. 水手；海员 13.____________ v. 捕获；俘获 14.____________ v. 征服；攻克 15.____________ adj. 绝望的；极度渴望的 16.____________ v. 忍受；忍耐 17.____________ v./n. 挣扎；奋斗 18.____________ v./n. 逃脱；逃离 Unit 4 1.____________ adj. 智能的 2.____________ adj. 高效的 3.____________ adj. 节能的 4.____________ adj. 机器人支持的 5.____________ adj. 太阳能供电的 6.____________ n. 小器具；小装置 7.____________ n. 家用电器 8.____________ n. 安全；保障 9.____________ n. 闲暇；空闲 10.____________ v./n. 受益；好处 11.____________ adv. 完全地；彻底地 12.____________ adj. 持续的；不断的 13.____________ v. 想要；设想 14.____________ v. 包围；环绕 15.____________ v. 模拟；模仿 16.____________ v. 适应 17.____________ n./v. 踪迹；跟踪 18.____________ adj. 最终的；根本的 ( 清单 03 高频短语 ( 积 少成多，活学活用 ) ) Unit 3 1.____________ 出发；启程 2.____________ 弃船 3.____________ 处于危险中 4.____________ 处于危险中 5.____________ 从…… 营救某人 6.____________ 为生存而挣扎 7.____________ 冻死 8.____________ 躲避；避难 9.____________ 扎营 10.____________ 尽管；不管 11.____________ 成功；做到 12.____________ 坚持；继续 13.____________ 偶然遇到 14.____________ 寻找；搜寻 15.____________ 与…… 作斗争 16.____________ 承担；接受 17.____________ 渡过难关 18.____________ 进行探险 19.____________ 面对灾难 20.____________ 被困于 Unit 4 1.____________ 计算机辅助的 2.____________ 亲近自然 3.____________ 即将到来；在路上 4.____________ 由…… 组成 5.____________ 启动；通电 6.____________ 照顾；处理 7.____________ 应对；处理 8.____________ 就…… 而言 9.____________ 基于；以…… 为基础 10.____________ 由于；多亏 11.____________ 除…… 之外 12.____________ 结果；因此 13.____________ 例如；比如 14.____________ 简而言之 15.____________ 通过；借助于 16.____________ 跟踪；记录 17.____________ 适应 18.____________ 过便捷的生活 19.____________ 节能技术 ( 清单 04 高频句型 ( 精彩句型，句句精彩 ) ) 1. they finally escaped from danger.（直到救援人员到达，他们才最终脱险。） 2.Before the ship sank, .（船沉没前，水手们已与暴风雨搏斗了三天。） 3.The explorer is regarded as a hero by the locals.（征服了那座险峰的探险家被当地人奉为英雄。） 4.In spite of the harsh weather, .（尽管天气恶劣，他们仍坚持前进，这让所有队员都深受触动。） 5.The future home, , will make people’s life more convenient.（未来的家配备了智能设备，将使人们的生活更加便捷。） 6.It is predicted that （据预测，太阳能汽车将在未来20年普及。） 7.Thanks to the development of AI, （多亏了人工智能的发展，我们将能够借助机器人完成日常家务。） 8. （我们越关注节能技术，生活环境就会越好。） 9.As is known to all, （众所周知，探险精神在人类进步中起着重要作用。） 10. , they had been on the journey for two weeks.（当他们到达目的地时，已经旅行了两周。） ( 清单 05 单元写作 ( 通用表达，范文背诵 ) ) Unit3 一、单元写作任务：冒险主题议论文（数据支撑型） 本部分常考的写作话题是“阐述人们对冒险的不同理解”或“论证冒险的价值”，要求写一篇议论文，以调查数据为核心支撑细节，结合具体观点展开论述。写作需遵循“总-分-总”结构，数据要具体相关、有说服力，内容通常包括：1. 提出核心观点（如“人们对冒险的定义存在显著差异”）；2. 用调查数据+观点解读作为支撑；3. 总结数据反映的本质或冒险的深层意义。 二、亮点词汇 1. adventure n. 冒险；冒险活动 2. risky activities 高风险活动 3. off the beaten track 远离常规路线；人迹罕至的 4. survey data 调查数据 5. statistics n. 统计数据 6. account for 占（比例） 7. describe v. 描述；定义 8. adventurous adj. 爱冒险的；具有冒险精神的 9. extreme sports 极限运动 10. personal growth 个人成长 11. challenge oneself 挑战自我 12. unconventional adj. 非传统的 13. explore v. 探索 14. questionnaire n. 调查问卷 15. interviewee n. 受访者 16. relevant adj. 相关的 三、常用表达 1. 首段常用句式 (1) People’s understanding of adventure varies greatly, and recent survey data has clearly reflected this difference. 人们对冒险的理解差异显著，近期的调查数据已清晰反映了这一点。 (2) Recently I have conducted a questionnaire among 500 high school students about their views on adventure, and the results are quite enlightening. 最近我对500名高中生进行了关于冒险看法的问卷调查，结果颇具启发意义。 (3) What is striking is that different age groups hold totally different definitions of adventure, as shown by the latest research statistics. 令人惊讶的是，最新研究数据显示，不同年龄段的人对冒险的定义截然不同。 (4) I used to think adventure was just extreme sports, but a school-wide survey changed my understanding completely. 我以前认为冒险只是极限运动，但一次全校范围的调查彻底改变了我的看法。 2. 中段常用句式 (1) According to the survey, 45% of the interviewees describe adventure as “exploring off the beaten track and visiting less-known places.” 根据调查，45%的受访者将冒险定义为“探索人迹罕至的地方，造访鲜为人知的景点”。 (2) I read a research report that told me 30% of young people believe adventure is “trying something new beyond their comfort zone,” while only 15% think it refers to extreme sports. 我读过一份研究报告，其中显示30%的年轻人认为冒险是“尝试舒适区之外的新事物”，而仅有15%的人认为它指极限运动。 (3) As the data shows, 20% of the respondents account for “challenging tasks that test one’s ability” as adventure, which reflects their focus on personal growth. 数据显示，20%的受访者将“考验个人能力的挑战性任务”视为冒险，这体现了他们对个人成长的关注。 (4) I tried to analyze the survey results: a total of 55% of adults associate adventure with “low-risk but unconventional experiences,” such as rural backpacking, while teenagers prefer more exciting forms. 我试着分析调查结果：55%的成年人将冒险与“低风险但非传统的体验”联系起来，比如乡村背包旅行，而青少年更偏爱更刺激的形式。 3. 尾段常用句式 (1) Now, it is clear from the data that adventure has no fixed definition—it varies with people’s values and life experiences. 现在，从数据中可以明确看出，冒险没有固定定义——它随人们的价值观和生活经历而变化。 (2) At present, not only do we understand the diversity of people’s views on adventure through statistics, but we also realize that the core of adventure is exploring and growing. 目前，我们不仅通过数据了解了人们对冒险看法的多样性，还意识到冒险的核心是探索与成长。 (3) Thanks to the survey data, we can draw a conclusion: adventure is what makes people step out of routine and embrace new possibilities. 多亏了调查数据，我们可以得出结论：冒险是让人们走出常规、拥抱新可能的事物。 (4) I am more than happy to see that most people regard adventure as a positive experience, and this attitude will encourage more people to challenge themselves. 我非常高兴看到大多数人将冒险视为积极的体验，这种态度将鼓励更多人挑战自我。 四、范文背诵 People’s understanding of adventure is remarkably diverse, and a recent survey I conducted among 500 peers has fully proved this. According to the survey results, 40% of the interviewees describe adventure as “exploring off the beaten track and visiting places less visited by tourists.” A total of 25% of them believe adventure is “trying something new that they have never done before,” such as learning a difficult skill or traveling alone. Those who associate adventure with extreme sports account for 20%, while 15% think it refers to “completing challenging tasks beyond their current ability.” From these statistics, we can clearly see that adventure means different things to different people. However, the core of all these definitions is stepping out of one’s comfort zone and embracing new experiences. At present, not only do we recognize the diversity of views on adventure, but we also understand that adventure is an important way to promote personal growth. I sincerely hope more people will have the courage to pursue their own “adventure” and gain valuable experiences in the process. Unit4 一、单元写作任务：给未来自己的一封信 本部分常考的写作话题是“给未来的自己写一封信”，要求以书信形式，结合当下现状、具体事例，表达对未来的期许与自我鼓励。写作需情感真挚、细节具体、逻辑连贯，内容通常包括：1. 问候与点明写信目的；2. 描述当前现状（附具体事例支撑）；3. 表达对未来的希望与自我鼓励；4. 祝福与落款。 二、亮点词汇 1. future self 未来的自己 2. current situation 当前状况 3. aspiration n. 期许；渴望 4. personal growth 个人成长 5. uncertainty n. 不确定性 6. strive v. 努力；奋斗 7. accomplish v. 实现；完成 8. confident adj. 自信的 9. capable adj. 有能力的 10. reflect v. 反思 11. brilliant adj. 精彩的；卓越的 12. overcome v. 克服 13. challenge n. 挑战 14. cherish v. 珍惜 15. pursue v. 追求 16. perseverance n. 坚持不懈 三、常用表达 1. 首段常用句式 (1) Dear Future Me, I hope this letter finds you well and that you’re living the life you once dreamed of. 亲爱的未来的我，希望你一切安好，正过着曾经梦想的生活。 (2) Recently I have been reflecting on my current life and feeling curious about what you will be like in three years. 最近我一直在反思当下的生活，对三年后的你充满好奇。 (3) What bothers me a little now is my lack of courage in chasing my dreams, so I’m writing this letter to record my thoughts and encourage you. 现在让我有些困扰的是追逐梦想时缺乏勇气，所以我写这封信记录心声，也为你鼓劲。 (4) I used to be confused about my future direction, but now I’m trying to take small steps forward—and I want to share this with you. 我以前对未来方向很迷茫，但现在我试着一步步前行——我想把这些分享给你。 2. 中段常用句式 (1) I’m currently struggling with my math studies: every time I face complex equations, I feel frustrated and want to give up. 我现在正为数学学习发愁：每次面对复杂的方程，我都感到沮丧，想要放弃。 (2) I read an article that told me “persistence pays off,” so I’m trying to spend an extra hour practicing math every evening. Hopefully, by the time you read this, you have mastered the subject. 我读过一篇文章说“坚持就有回报”，所以我试着每天晚上多花一小时练习数学。希望你读到这封信时，已经精通这门学科。 (3) Instead of shrinking back from public speaking, I’ve joined the school’s debate club. For instance, I recently gave a short speech in front of the club, and though nervous, I finished it smoothly. 我不再回避公开演讲，而是加入了学校的辩论社。比如，我最近在社团里做了一次简短演讲，虽然紧张，但顺利完成了。 (4) I tried to list my aspirations for you: first, I hope you’re studying your favorite major in college; second, I wish you’re more confident and brave enough to take on new challenges. 我试着为你列出期许：一是希望你在大学里学习自己喜欢的专业；二是愿你更加自信，有勇气迎接新的挑战。 3. 尾段常用句式 (1) Now, I’m doing my best to live in the present, and I believe all efforts will lead to a better future for you. 现在，我正尽力活在当下，相信所有的努力都会为你铺就更美好的未来。 (2) At present, not only am I overcoming my weaknesses, but I’m also nurturing my passions—I hope you’re still holding onto what you love. 目前，我不仅在克服自己的弱点，还在培养热爱的事物——希望你依然坚守着心中所爱。 (3) Thanks to the courage I’m building now, I hope you’ve become the person you always wanted to be: kind, strong, and unregretful. 多亏了现在正在积攒的勇气，希望你已经成为自己一直想成为的人：善良、坚强，且无怨无悔。 (4) I am more than happy to imagine you reading this letter with a smile, recalling the struggles and hopes of today. Best wishes for a brilliant life! 我满心欢喜地想象着你微笑着读这封信，回忆起此刻的挣扎与憧憬。祝你拥有精彩的人生！ 四、范文背诵 Dear Future Me, I hope this letter finds you well. I’m currently in the second term of senior two, feeling a mix of pressure and anticipation. My biggest challenge now is English writing—I often struggle to express my ideas clearly, and I’ve rewritten many essays without much progress. But I’m not giving up. I’ve joined the school’s English writing club and practice writing a short passage every day. Hopefully, by the time you read this, you’ve become proficient in English writing and even won a writing competition. For instance, I hope you’re using your English skills to communicate with people from all over the world. Also, I wish you’re more confident and brave, no longer afraid of making mistakes. Remember, all the efforts today are for your bright future. Believe in yourself, and never regret the choices you’ve made. May you live a life full of joy and achievements! Best Wishes, Present Me ( 题型 01 2 单词拼写 ( 夯实双基，厚积薄发 ) ) 根据汉语和首字母提示写出单词的正确形式 1.The explorer’s great ________ (忍耐力) helped him survive the harsh desert journey. 2.Thanks to the timely rescue, all the ________ (幸存者) of the shipwreck were sent to safety. 3.It is ________ (智能的) of the robot to adjust its working mode according to the environment. 4.We should develop a ________ (积极的) attitude towards challenges in life and study. 5.The team has r________ to finish the expedition even if they face extreme weather.（决心） 6.The surrounding s________ of the mountain village are so beautiful that many tourists come every year.（环境） 7.This new technology is highly b________ to the protection of the environment.（有益的） 8.After hours of running, the athlete was completely e________ but still insisted on reaching the finish line.（筋疲力尽的） ( 题型 02 2 单句语法填空 ( 一词多变，活学活用 ) ) 1.（2021 浙江卷改编）By the time the firemen arrived, the big fire _______________(put out) by the local residents. 2.（2022 新高考 I 卷改编）The future city _______________(describe) in the book will be equipped with solar-powered transport. 3.He is the only one of the students who _______________(award) the special scholarship for his adventurous spirit. 4.The intelligent robot _______________(we design) last year can help with household chores efficiently. 5.By 2030, more than 30% of the world’s energy _______________(generate) from solar power, according to the report. 6.（2023 新课标 II 卷）The library where we often study has been renovated, . provides a better reading environment. 7.（2022 天津卷）Before he became a famous explorer, he （train）hard for outdoor activities for years. 8.（2021 全国甲卷）The new technology that was invented last year （use） in future-life related projects. 易混词 用法及例句 survive rescue survive（v. 幸存；存活）：侧重在灾难、困境中活下来，常用搭配survive sth. / survive from sth.。 例：Only a few people survived the terrible earthquake in the mountain area. 只有少数人在山区的那场大地震中幸存。 rescue（v./n. 营救）：侧重主动解救他人脱离危险，常用搭配rescue sb. from sth.。 例：The volunteers rescued the lost hikers from the snowstorm before nightfall. 志愿者在天黑前从暴风雪中救出了迷路的徒步旅行者。 abandon desert abandon（v. 抛弃；放弃）：侧重主动放弃人、物或计划，可指暂时或永久放弃，语气较强。 例：The sailors had to abandon the sinking ship and swim to the nearby island. 水手们不得不弃船，游向附近的岛屿。 desert（v. 抛弃；遗弃）：侧重违背责任或承诺抛弃某人，尤指不顾他人安危，语气更负面。 例：No one should desert their friends when they are in trouble. 任何人都不应该在朋友遇到困难时抛弃他们。 intelligent clever smart intelligent（adj. 智能的；聪明的）：侧重天生的智力水平高，或指事物具有智能属性，正式用语。 例：The intelligent robot can recognize human emotions and respond appropriately. 这款智能机器人能识别人类的情绪并做出恰当回应。 clever（adj. 聪明的；灵巧的）：侧重头脑灵活，善于解决具体问题，口语常用。 例：He is a clever boy who can find creative solutions to daily problems. 他是个聪明的男孩，能为日常问题找到创造性的解决办法。 smart（adj. 聪明的；智能的）：侧重反应敏捷、善于学习，可形容人或具有智能功能的事物，口语和书面语通用。 例：She bought a smart watch that can track her health data and receive calls. 她买了一块能追踪健康数据和接电话的智能手表。 efficient effective efficient（adj. 高效的）：侧重投入少、产出高，强调效率。 例：The new energy-saving air conditioner is more efficient than the old one, saving a lot of electricity. 这款新的节能空调比旧款效率更高，节省了不少电。 effective（adj. 有效的）：侧重达到预期目的或效果，强调结果。 例：This new policy has proven effective in reducing air pollution in the city. 这项新政策已被证明在减少城市空气污染方面是有效的。 in spite of despite although in spite of（尽管；不管）：介词短语，后接名词、代词或动名词，可置于句首或句中。 例：In spite of the heavy snow, we still set out for the adventure on time. 尽管雪下得很大，我们还是按时出发去探险了。 despite（尽管；不管）：用法同in spite of，语气更正式，无of，直接接名词性成分。 例：Despite the difficulties, they never gave up their dream of exploring the Arctic. 尽管困难重重，他们从未放弃探索北极的梦想。 although（尽管；虽然）：连词，后接完整句子，可置于句首或句中，不能与but连用。 例：Although the journey was tiring, everyone felt happy and fulfilled. 尽管旅途疲惫，但每个人都感到快乐和满足。 adapt to adjust to adapt to（适应）：侧重通过改变自身来适应新环境、新情况，强调过程的长期性。 例：It takes time for people to adapt to the fast-paced future life with advanced technology. 人们需要时间来适应科技发达的快节奏未来生活。 adjust to（适应；调整）：侧重通过微调自身状态或行为来适应，过程相对较短。 例：She quickly adjusted to the new working environment and made great progress. 她很快适应了新的工作环境，并取得了很大进步。 学科网（北京）股份有限公1 / 7 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $