期末复习之短文首字母填空15篇（江苏专用）-2025-2026学年九年级英语上学期期末复习（译林版）

期末复习之短文首字母填空15篇 （期末考试单元话题） 本资料共15篇专题训练，从上到下按照难度分层训练 题号 难度 知识点 1 适中 科学家,记叙文 2 适中 文体活动,哲理感悟,记叙文 3 适中 说明文,发明与创造,科学技术 4 适中 传统节日,说明文,中华文化 5 适中 工作与职业,说明文 6 适中 哲理感悟,记叙文 7 适中 说明文,礼仪与习俗,跨文化沟通 8 适中 科学技术,发明与创造,说明文 9 困难 励志故事,记叙文 10 较难 环境保护,公共服务,社区 11 适中 传统工艺 12 适中 交通方式,发明与创造,科学技术 13 适中 烹饪,其他人,食物,中华文化 14 适中 交通方式 15 适中 事故,叙事忆旧 请认真阅读下面短文，并根据各题所给首字母的提示，写出一个合适的英语单词完整、正确的形式，使短文通顺。 To remember the great physicist Chen Ning Yang, we learn about his life story. Yang was born in Hefei, Anhui, in 1922. The city saw his early love for science. His a 1 in physics are very great. In 1957, when he was only 35, he w 2 the Nobel Prize in Physics with Tsung-Dao Lee. This made Chinese scientists at home and a 3 proud. Yang was an organized researcher. He never did experiments in a hurry. Every experiment he did was carefully planned with h 4 standards and clear goals. His theory (理论) is v 5 for solving scientific difficulties and guiding future research. So it has been used in many important studies. He often gave young researchers useful s 6 . He said, “Think deeply before experimenting, for hurry only wastes time.” When he c 7 complex (复杂的) ideas to students, he spoke clearly and simplified difficult concepts well. Chen Ning Yang was respected around the w 8 . People admired him not only for his success but also for his modesty and lifelong devotion. He once said, “In scientific research, we can’t give up easily. Persistence (坚持) m 9 most, even when facing repeated failures.” Up to now, his work has helped young physicists make much p 10 in their scientific dreams. He is a true master in physics, and his spirit will encourage us. 【答案】 1．achievements/chievements 2．won/on 3．abroad/broad 4．high/igh 5．valuable/aluable 6．suggestions/uggestions 7．communicated/ommunicated 8．world/orld 9．matters/atters 10．progress/rogress 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了伟大物理学家杨振宁的生平事迹。 1．句意：他在物理学方面的成就非常伟大。根据后文“won the Nobel Prize in Physics”可知，此处指他的成就，结合首字母提示，achievement“成就”，由are可知用复数形式，故填achievements。 2．句意：1957年，年仅35岁的他与李政道共同获得了诺贝尔物理学奖。根据“the Nobel Prize in Physics”可知，此处指获得奖项，结合首字母提示，win“赢得”，句子时态为一般过去时，动词用过去式，故填won。 3．句意：这让国内外的中国科学家都感到自豪。根据“at home and”可知，此处与at home对应，指“国外”，结合首字母提示，abroad“在国外”，符合语境，故填abroad。 4．句意：他做的每一个实验都经过精心策划，有着高标准和明确的目标。根据“carefully planned”和“clear goals”可知，此处指高标准，结合首字母提示，high“高的”，修饰名词standards，故填high。 5．句意：他的理论对于解决科学难题和指导未来的研究很有价值。根据“So it has been used in many important studies.”可知，他的理论被用于很多重要研究，说明很有价值，结合首字母提示，valuable“有价值的”符合语境，故填valuable。 6．句意：他经常给年轻的研究者们有用的建议。根据后文“He said, ‘Think deeply before experimenting, for hurry only wastes time.’”可知，此处指给出建议，结合首字母提示，suggestion“建议”，为可数名词，用复数形式表示泛指，故填suggestions。 7．句意：当他向学生们传达复杂的概念时，他表达清晰，能很好地简化难懂的知识点。根据“complex ideas to students”和“simplified difficult concepts well”可知，此处指传达概念，结合首字母提示，communicate“传达”，句子时态为一般过去时，动词用过去式，故填communicated。 8．句意：杨振宁受到全世界的尊重。根据“respected around the”可知，此处指全世界，结合首字母提示，world“世界”，around the world“全世界”，故填world。 9．句意：即使面临多次失败，坚持最重要。根据“In scientific research, we can’t give up easily.”可知，此处强调坚持的重要性，结合首字母提示，matter“要紧，有重要性”，主语Persistence为不可数名词，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，故填matters。 10．句意：到目前为止，他的工作帮助年轻的物理学家在他们的科学梦想上取得了很大的进步。根据“make much...in their scientific dreams”可知，此处指取得进步，结合首字母提示，progress“进步”，为不可数名词，make progress“取得进步”，故填progress。 首字母填空。 Would you completely trust your friends if you couldn’t see anything? Our teacher helped us to find the a 1 . Our teacher is named Morrie. One day, he said that he had a game for us to try. He made us into two groups. One of the students from the first group stands in front of us with his eyes c 2 , and then falls backwards. The second group stands behind him. Before he falls on the floor, they should catch him and not let him get h 3 . Most of us felt bad with this. We were a 4 that they wouldn’t catch us and we would fall on the floor. No one would like to try this game in front of the class. We just stood there and laughed. Finally, one student, a thin, quiet, dark-haired girl called Sarah, d 5 to move. She put her arms in front of her body, closed her eyes, and s 6 fell backwards. She looked quiet but not scared. For a m 7 , I was sure she was going to fall on the floor. But before it, the other students caught her and finally helped her stand up. We were all s 8 , and were also encouraged. The girl was happy, too. S 9 this, Morrie felt happy and said to the girl, “When you close your eyes, you can’t see anything. You won’t feel safe. When you are falling, you may feel worried. You aren’t sure w 10 you will fall on the cold floor or the warm hands of your friends. But if you trust them, they won’t let you down.” 【答案】 1．answer/nswer 2．closed/losed 3．hurt/urt 4．afraid/fraid 5．decided/ecided 6．slowly/lowly 7．moment/oment 8．surprised/urprised 9．Seeing/eeing 10．whether/hether 【导语】本文讲述了老师通过一个信任游戏，让学生们体会到信任朋友的意义：一个女生闭着眼向后倒，被同伴接住，证明了信任的力量。 1．句意：我们的老师帮我们找到了答案。根据“Would you completely trust your friends...?”的问题和首字母a可推出是找到问题的答案，answer“答案”，the后接其单数形式。故填answer。 2．句意：第一组的一名学生闭着眼睛站在我们面前，然后向后倒。根据“couldn’t see anything”和首字母c可推出是眼睛闭着，closed“关闭的”，形容词作宾补。故填closed。 3．句意：在他摔到地上之前，他们应该接住他，不让他受伤。根据“fall on the floor”和首字母h可推出是避免受伤，get hurt“受伤”。故填hurt。 4．句意：我们害怕他们接不住我们，我们会摔到地上。根据“they wouldn’t catch us”和首字母a可推出是感到害怕，afraid“害怕的”，形容词作表语。故填afraid。 5．句意：最后，一个瘦小、安静、黑发的名叫萨拉的女生决定行动。根据“move”和首字母d可推出是决定做这件事，decide“决定”，文章是过去时，用其过去式decided。故填decided。 6．句意：她把胳膊放在身体前面，闭上眼睛，然后慢慢地向后倒。根据“She looked quiet but not scared.”可知，此处指慢慢向后倒，要用副词slowly修饰fell backwards。故填slowly。 7．句意：有那么一瞬间，我确信她会摔到地上。根据“For a...”和首字母m可推出是“一会儿”，moment“瞬间”，a后接其单数形式。故填moment。 8．句意：我们都很惊讶，也受到了鼓舞。根据“the other students caught her”和首字母s可推出是感到惊讶，surprised“惊讶的”，形容词作表语。故填surprised。 9．句意：看到这一幕，莫里很高兴，他对女生说：“当你闭上眼睛，什么都看不见的时候，不会有安全感。” 根据“this” (指女生被接住的场景) 和首字母s可推出是看到这一幕，see“看到”，此处用现在分词Seeing作伴随状语。故填Seeing。 10．句意：你不确定自己会摔到冰冷的地板上，还是会落到朋友温暖的手中。根据“or”和首字母w可推出是“whether...or...”结构，表“是……还是……”。故填whether。 根据短文内容及所给首字母提示写出所缺单词，使短文意思完整，每空一词。 Have you ever seen a robot (机器人) that brings packages to your door? In many Chinese cities, this is common. These delivery robots are changing how we get packages. Many people find this way p 1 because it doesn’t eat up their waiting time—no one likes to feel i 2 while waiting. Why do we need these robots? First, they save time. A robot brings 8-10 packages an hour, while a person brings only 4-5. Second, they’re e 3 — they work day and night without getting tired. Third, they n 4 cause traffic jams nor get stuck in narrow streets. Their small size lets them move easily. How do the robots work? Workers first check their batteries to make sure they work. They use sensors to c 5 with their path. These sensors “see” things like cars and stop in time, which helps avoid accidents because of drivers’ c 6 . They also use GPS to follow the best path. As soon as they arrive, they send a message to the customer. The customer uses a code to open the box. The robots are organized and always keep the delivery process in o 7 . Are the robots safe? Most move slowly— about 5 km per hour. This keeps everyone safe. But there are c 8 . For example, they can’t work well in heavy rain or snow, because sensors fail. Also, some people worry about l 9 jobs. But experts suggest robots create new jobs, like fixing robots. Delivery robots show p 10 in technology. They make our everyday life easier. 【答案】 1．popular/opular 2．impatient/mpatient 3．energetic/nergetic 4．neither/either 5．check/heck 6．carelessness/arelessness 7．order/rder 8．challenges/hallenges 9．losing/osing 10．progress/rogress/possibilities/ossibilities 【导语】本文主要介绍了配送机器人在中国城市中的应用、工作原理、优势与挑战，以及它们对生活与科技发展的意义。 1．句意：许多人觉得这种方式很受欢迎，因为它不占用他们的等待时间——没有人喜欢在等待时感到不耐烦。根据“because it doesn’t eat up their waiting time”以及首字母提示可知，这里表示许多人觉得这种方式很受欢迎，popular“受欢迎的”，为形容词；此处形容词作宾语补足语。故填popular。 2．句意：许多人觉得这种方式很受欢迎，因为它不占用他们的等待时间——没有人喜欢在等待时感到不耐烦。根据“no one likes to feel…while waiting”以及首字母提示可知，这里表示没有人喜欢在等待时感到不耐烦，impatient“不耐烦的”，为形容词；此处形容词作表语。故填impatient。 3．句意：其次，它们很有活力——它们日夜工作而不疲劳。根据“they work day and night without getting tired”以及首字母提示可知，这里表示它们很有活力，energetic“有活力的、精力充沛的”， 为形容词；此处形容词作表语。故填energetic。 4．句意：第三，它们既不造成交通堵塞，也不会被困在狭窄的街道。根据“nor get stuck in narrow streets”以及首字母提示可知，这里表示既不造成交通堵塞，也不会被困在狭窄的街道，neither“两者都不”，为连词；此处构成“neither…nor…”结构，意为“既不……也不……”。故填neither。 5．句意：它们使用传感器来核对其路径。根据“They use sensors to…with their path”以及首字母提示可知，这里表示使用传感器来核对其路径，check“检查”，为动词；check with“与……核对”。故填check。 6．句意：这些传感器能“看见”汽车并及时停下，这有助于避免因驾驶员的粗心造成的事故。根据“because of drivers’…”以及首字母提示可知，这里表示因驾驶员的粗心造成的事故，carelessness“粗心”，为名词；空前driver’s是名词所有格，故此处应用名词。故填carelessness。 7．句意：机器人有条理，总是让配送过程井然有序。根据“keep the delivery process in…”以及首字母提示可知，这里表示井然有序，order“秩序；命令”，为名词；keep…in order“使……井然有序”，是固定短语。故填order。 8．句意：但也有挑战。根据“But there are…”以及首字母提示可知，这里表示挑战，challenge“挑战”，为名词；由are可知，此处应用名词复数。故填challenges。 9．句意：而且，有些人担心失去工作。根据“some people worry about…jobs”以及首字母提示可知，这里表示失去工作，lose“失去”，为动词；worry about后接动名词。故填losing。 10．句意：配送机器人展示了技术进步/潜力。根据“Delivery robots show…in technology”以及首字母提示可知，这里表示配送机器人展示了技术进步/潜力，progress“进步”，不可数名词，possibility“可能性；潜力”，可数名词；此处名词作宾语，若表示可能性，应用复数指科技发展的多种可能性。故填progress/possibilities。 In China, people d 1 a year into 24 Solar Terms. People created them thousands of years ago, but they are still u 2 today in guiding people’s lives. After the Spring Equinox (春分), the 4th Solar Term of the year, days begin to be much l 3 than nights. As for activities, flying kites is a p 4 activity during this time. People often write good words on their kites. They all hope that their wishes come t 5 . During the Major Heat, the 12th Solar Term of the year, most parts of China enter the h 6 season of the year. The sunshine, high temperatures and heavy rain are good for the plants. B 7 many natural disasters also happen. The Frost’s Descent (霜降), the 18th Solar Term of the year, is the last Solar Term of a 8 . During this time, the weather becomes much colder than before and the t 9 changes greatly from day to night. The Major Snow is the 21st of the Solar Terms, and the third one of winter. The temperature d 10 day by day, as the year is coming to an end. The snow in the north of China may last for a whole day, and heavy snow brings us a fantastic ice world of pure white. 【答案】 1．divide/ivide 2．useful/seful 3．longer/onger 4．popular/opular 5．true/rue 6．hottest/ottest 7．But/ut 8．autumn/utumn 9．temperature/emperature 10．drops/rops 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲了中国24节气的划分由来、至今仍有的指导意义，以及春分、大暑、霜降、大雪等多个关键节气的气候特点和相关活动。   1．句意：在中国，人们把一年分为24个节气。根据“a year into 24 Solar Terms”和首字母可知，是将一年划分成24节气，divide...into...“把……分成……”，符合语境。故填divide。 2．句意：人们在几千年前创造了它们，但如今它们在指导人们生活方面仍然有用。根据“in guiding people’s lives”和首字母可知，节气能指导生活，说明仍有作用，“useful”表示“有用的”，符合语境。故填useful。 3．句意：春分之后，作为一年中的第四个节气，白天开始比黑夜长得多。根据“After the Spring Equinox”和常识，春分后白天变长，结合首字母及“than”可知用比较级，“longer”表示“更长的”，符合语境。故填longer。 4．句意：至于活动，放风筝是这段时间很受欢迎的活动。根据“People often write good words on their kites”和首字母可知，人们常做放风筝的活动，说明它受欢迎，“popular”表示“受欢迎的”，符合语境。故填popular。 5．句意：他们都希望自己的愿望能实现。根据“their wishes”和首字母可知，此处指愿望实现，come true“实现”，符合语境。故填true。 6．句意：大暑期间，作为一年中的第十二个节气，中国大部分地区进入一年中最热的季节。根据“Major Heat”和首字母可知，大暑是一年中炎热的节气，“hottest”表示“最热的”，符合语境。故填hottest。 7．句意：阳光、高温和大雨对植物有利，但许多自然灾害也会发生。前半句讲有利条件，后半句讲灾害，存在转折关系，结合首字母，“But” 表示 “但是”，符合语境。故填But。 8．句意：霜降是一年中的第十八个节气，也是秋天的最后一个节气。根据常识及首字母可知，霜降属于秋季，“autumn”表示“秋天”，符合语境。故填autumn。 9．句意：这段时间，天气变得比以前冷多了，昼夜温差变化很大。根据“changes greatly from day to night”和首字母可知，此处指昼夜温度变化，“temperature”表示“温度”，符合语境。故填temperature。 10．句意：气温一天天下降，一年即将结束。根据“Major Snow”和“as the year is coming to an end”可知，大雪时节气温降低，结合首字母，“drop”表示“下降”，主语为单数，时态为一般现在时，谓语用第三人称单数形式，符合语境。故填drops。 Choosing a career is a big choice, but it doesn’t have to be scary (可怕的). Some people already know what they want to do, while others need more time. The key is to find work that m 1 your interests and skills—you’ll be happier doing what you love. Think about what excites you most. Do you like s 2 problems and working with numbers? You might want to work in technology or engineering. If you are w 3 to help people, try fields like healthcare or teaching. However, it’s not only about what you like—your skills m 4 too. Are you great at talking to people and understanding their needs? Or are you better at solving puzzles and using technology? Some people are amazing at maths and science, while others are b 5 with creativity and communication. You don’t just want a job you’re good at. You a 6 want one that you enjoy. When you join love and skills together, your work becomes l 7 of a “job” and more of something you really enjoy. Moreover, when you love w 8 you do, it’s easier to feel happier at the end of the day. But it’s also important to think about the job market and chances. If you live in a place full of technology companies, jobs in programming or engineering may be more s 9 . One more thing: your career path isn’t set in stone. People c 10 careers all the time! It’s okay if you start one job and then decide you want to try something new. What’s important is to keep learning and growing along the way. 【答案】 1．matches/atches 2．solving/olving 3．willing/illing 4．matter/atter 5．born/orn 6．also/lso 7．less/ess 8．what/hat 9．suitable/uitable 10．change/hange 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了选择职业时需要考虑兴趣、技能、就业市场等因素，并且职业道路并非一成不变。 1．句意：关键是找到一份符合你兴趣和技能的工作——做你喜欢的事情你会更快乐。根据“your interests and skills”和首字母可知，此处是指工作与兴趣和技能相匹配，match“匹配”，动词，句子是一般现在时，主语work是第三人称单数，动词用三单形式。故填matches。 2．句意：你喜欢解决问题和与数字打交道吗？根据“problems and working with numbers”和首字母可知，此处是指解决问题，solve“解决”，动词，like doing sth.“喜欢做某事”，动名词作宾语。故填solving。 3．句意：如果你愿意帮助别人，尝试医疗保健或教学等领域。根据“help people”和首字母可知，此处是指愿意帮助别人，be willing to do sth.“愿意做某事”。故填willing。 4．句意：然而，这不仅仅是你喜欢什么——你的技能也很重要。根据“However, it’s not only about what you like”和首字母可知，此处是指技能也很重要，matter“重要”，动词，句子是一般现在时，主语your skills是复数，动词用原形。故填matter。 5．句意：有些人擅长数学和科学，而有些人天生具有创造力和沟通能力。根据“Some people are amazing at maths and science”和首字母可知，此处是指有些人天生具有创造力和沟通能力，be born with“天生具有”。故填born。 6．句意：你不仅想要一份你擅长的工作。你还想要一份你喜欢的工作。根据“You don’t just want a job you’re good at.”和首字母可知，此处是指还想要一份喜欢的工作，also“也”，副词，用于肯定句句中。故填also。 7．句意：当你把爱和技能结合在一起时，你的工作就不再像一份“工作”，而更像是你真正喜欢的事情。根据“When you join love and skills together”和首字母可知，此处是指工作不再像一份工作，less of“更不像”，固定搭配。故填less。 8．句意：此外，当你热爱你所做的事情时，在一天结束时更容易感到快乐。根据“you do”和首字母可知，此处是指热爱你所做的事情，what“什么”，引导宾语从句，在从句中作宾语。故填what。 9．句意：如果你住在一个充满科技公司的地方，编程或工程方面的工作可能更适合。根据“If you live in a place full of technology companies”和首字母可知，此处是指编程或工程方面的工作可能更适合，suitable“合适的”，形容词，作表语。故填suitable。 10．句意：人们一直在换工作！根据“It’s okay if you start one job and then decide you want to try something new.”和首字母可知，此处是指人们一直在改变职业，change“改变”，动词，句子是一般现在时，主语People是复数，动词用原形。故填change。 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容及首字母提示，在空白处填入一个适当的单词。 Long ago in ancient China, there was a young man named Xue Tan who loved singing. He became a student of Qin Qing, a great m 1 known for his magical voice. After practising for a few months, Xue Tan became p 2 . “I’ve learned everything!” he told his teacher. “I’m ready to leave and sing alone!” Instead of getting a 3 , Qin Qing smiled and held a goodbye party for him on a quiet hillside. As the sun set, Qin Qing began to sing. His voice started softly, like a gentle breeze (微风). Then it grew louder and stronger, shaking the trees around them. The clouds in the pink evening sky seemed to freeze in place. Birds stopped flying to l 4 , and even the wind went silent. Xue Tan’s face turned r 5 with shame. He realised his teacher’s singing was like a roaring ocean, while his own voice was j 6 a tiny stream (溪流). He fell to his knees and cried, “I was w 7 to think I knew everything! Please let me keep learning f 8 you.” Qin Qing kindly helped him up. “True skill isn’t about showing off,” he said. “It’s about listening to the world, to your heart, and to those who came before you.” From that day on, Xue Tan decided to p 9 hard. He imitated (模仿) the rhythm of rainstorms and learned melodies from bird songs. Years later, when people praised his talent, he always said, “I’m still just Qin Qing’s s 10 .” 【答案】 1．musician/usician 2．proud/roud 3．angry/ngry 4．listen/isten 5．red/ed 6．just/ust 7．wrong/rong 8．from/rom 9．practice/ractice 10．student/tudent 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述薛谭学歌自负离师，经秦青高超演唱点醒后知错返乡潜心苦练终成大器的故事。 1．句意：很久以前在中国古代，有一个叫薛谭的年轻人喜欢唱歌。他成为了秦青的一个学生，秦青是一个因神奇的嗓音而闻名的伟大的音乐家。根据“a great…known for his magical voice”以及首字母可知，这里说的是秦青是一位音乐家，“musician”表示“音乐家”，符合语境。故填musician。 2．句意：经过几个月的练习，薛谭变得骄傲了。“我学会了一切！”他告诉他的老师。“我准备好离开独自唱歌了！”。根据“I've learned everything!”和首字母可知，薛谭觉得自己学会了一切，所以变得骄傲，“proud”表示“骄傲的”，符合语境。故填proud。 3．句意：秦青没有生气，而是在一个安静的山坡上为他举办了一个告别派对。根据“Instead of getting…”以及首字母可知，结合薛谭说要离开，秦青没有生气而是办派对，“angry”表示“生气的”，符合语境。故填angry。 4．句意：鸟儿停止飞翔，倾听秦青的歌声。 根据“Birds stopped flying to…”和首字母可知，鸟儿被歌声吸引而聆听。“listen”与“to”搭配，表示“倾听”。故填listen。 5．句意：薛谭的脸因为羞愧变得通红。根据“with shame”以及首字母可知，羞愧会脸红，“red”表示“红色的”，符合语境。故填red。 6．句意：他意识到他老师的歌声像咆哮的海洋，而他自己的声音只是 一条小溪。根据“while his own voice was…a tiny stream”以及首字母可知，这里表示对比，老师的歌声像海洋，自己的像小溪，“just”表示“仅仅，只是”，符合语境。故填just。 7．句意：我错以为我知道一切！根据“I was…to think I knew everything”以及首字母可知，薛谭之前觉得自己知道一切是错误的，“wrong”表示“错误的”，符合语境。故填wrong。 8．句意：请让我继续向你学习。根据“keep learning…you”以及首字母可知，“learn from”是固定短语，表示“向……学习”，符合语境。故填from。 9．句意：从那天起，薛谭决定努力练习。根据“He imitated the rhythm of rainstorms and learned melodies from bird songs.”和首字母可知，“practice”表示“练习”，“decide to do sth.”，所以用动词原形，符合语境。故填practice。 10．句意：多年后，当人们称赞他的才华时，他总是说：“我仍然是秦青的学生。”。根据前文他是秦青的学生，这里即使有才华了也还是认为自己是秦青的学生，“student”表示“学生”，符合语境。故填student。 阅读短文，根据短文内容及首字母提示，在空白处填入一个适当的单词。 China is an old country with a rich culture. When travelling to China, understanding Chinese culture and customs is i 1 for you to behave in a good way. Being invited to a Chinese family’s home can be a wonderful and warm experience. Chinese people are known to be very friendly. When you’re invited to a Chinese family’s home, make sure you a 2 on time. Don’t forget to say good words about s 3 you like in the house. You’d better bring some small g 4 when visiting someone’s home or being invited for dinner. Chinese people like to receive fruit or tea in a nice box or basket. A 5 some small talks, comes the dinner. A Chinese dinner table is a happy place, full of delicious food and conversation. When foreigners are invited for dinner, they’re supposed to notice what everybody else is doing and try to do the s 6 . You’d better eat plenty of food to show you’re enjoying it. Don’t finish off the whole dish, but leave a small amount of food on the plates. It shows that the host has p 7 enough food. H 8 , for foreigners, Chinese people may be very curious (好奇的). Chinese people usually ask some personal questions, even if you’ve met for the f 9 time. So, don’t be surprised to be asked things like your age, your education or your work. You do not have to answer these questions. If you don’t want to talk about your own life, j 10 explain to them. Enjoy yourself in the warm and welcoming world of the local Chinese. As a guest in China, you will get special treatment. And your hosts make sure you will have a good time. 【答案】 1．important/mportant 2．arrive/rrive 3．something/omething 4．gifts/ifts 5．After/fter 6．same/ame 7．prepared/repared 8．However/owever 9．first/irst 10．just/ust 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章围绕“外国人在中国旅行时了解文化习俗的重要性”展开，从拜访中国家庭的礼仪（准时赴约、称赞物品、准备礼物）、中式餐桌礼仪，到应对中国人的好奇提问等方面，给出实用建议，帮助外国人更好地融入中国文化、得体交流。 1．句意：当你到中国旅行时，了解中国的文化和习俗对你举止得体来说很重要。根据上文“understanding Chinese culture and customs”和下文“behave in a good way”的逻辑以及首字母“i”可知，此处是指了解文化习俗是重要的；考查important“重要的”，形容词，be important for sb. to do sth.“对某人来说做某事很重要”，固定搭配。故填important。 2．句意：当你被邀请去中国家庭时，确保你准时到达。根据“When you’re invited to a Chinese family’s home”的语境，结合“on time”和首字母“a”可知，此处是指准时到达；考查arrive“到达”，动词，arrive on time“准时到达”，固定搭配；句子陈述现在的情况，时态应用一般现在时，且主语为“you”，动词应用原形。故填arrive。 3．句意：别忘了对你喜欢的家里的某样东西说些赞美的话。根据上文“Don’t forget to say good words”和首字母“s”提示可知，此处是指对喜欢的东西说些赞美的话；考查something“某物”，代词，something you like“你喜欢的东西”。故填something。 4．句意：当你拜访别人家或被邀请吃饭时，最好带一些小礼物。根据下文“Chinese people like to receive fruit or tea in a nice box or basket.”和首字母“g”提示可知，在社交拜访中，携带小礼物是一种常见的礼节；考查gift“礼物”，可数名词；“some”后接不可数名词或可数名词的复数形式；因此，这里应用其复数形式gifts。故填gifts。 5．句意：一番闲聊之后，晚餐就开始了。根据“some small talks”和“comes the dinner”的先后顺序，结合首字母“A”，此处考查After“在……之后”，介词。故填After。 6．句意：当外国人被邀请吃饭时，他们应该注意其他人的做法，并尽量做同样的事。根据上文“notice what everybody else is doing”和首字母“s”提示可知，此处是指观察其他人的做法，尽量做同样的事；考查do the same“做同样的事”，固定搭配。故填same。 7．句意：这表明主人准备了足够的食物。根据上文“leave a small amount of food on the plates”和首字母“p”提示可知，盘子里剩下一点食物，是为了表示主人准备了充足的食物，客人吃不完；考查prepare“准备”，动词；空格前有“has”，这里是现在完成时，应用其过去分词prepared。故填prepared。 8．句意：然而，对外国人来说，中国人可能会非常好奇。前文讲中式礼仪，此处转折到“中国人对外国人会好奇”，结合首字母“H”，考查However“然而”，副词，表示转折。故填However。 9．句意：中国人通常会问一些私人问题，即使你们是第一次见面。根据“met for the...time”和首字母“f”提示可知，此处是指第一次见面；考查for the first time“第一次”，固定搭配。故填first。 10．句意：如果你不想谈论自己的生活，只需向他们解释一下。根据上文“If you don’t want to talk about your own life,”和首字母“j”提示可知，此处是指不想谈论私人问题，只要向他们解释一下；考查just“仅仅，只需”，表示一种简单、直接的处理方式，语气轻松。故填just。 Engineers in the US have made a group of robots. They are smart enough to m 1 to deal with obstacles (障碍). “When ants collect or carry things, i 2 one comes upon an obstacle, the group works together to deal with that obstacle,” explained Dr Yasemin Ozkan-Aydin of the University of Notre Dame, who led the research. “When there’s a break in the path, for example, they will c 3 a bridge so the other ants can travel across and that is the idea for the study.” Ozkan-Aydin and her partners s 4 3D-printed a group of four-legged robots which are 15 to 20 cm long. They were fixed with touch sensors (传感器) at the front and b 5 , so that they could feel and work with the other robots in the group. The robots were then tasked with finding their way over different surfaces (表面), i 6 grass, floors and carpets. Ozkan-Aydin also built stairs for them to climb up using plastic or wooden blocks. Whenever a robot had d 7 in connecting itself with the other robots, it would send information to them t 8 its touch sensors. Ozkan-Aydin hopes this technology could be used in the future to make groups of robots to help in more areas. However, she s 9 that battery technology needs to improve so that the robots’ working time won’t be i 10 by electric quantity (电量). 【答案】 1．(m)anage 2．(i)f 3．(c)reate 4．(s)uccessfully 5．(b)ack 6．(i)ncluding 7．(d)ifficulty 8．(t)hrough 9．(s)ays 10．(i)nfluenced 【导语】本文主要介绍了美国工程师制作了一组机器人，它们足够聪明，能应对障碍，文章还介绍了这项研究的灵感来源、机器人的制作及测试情况，最后提到研究者对该技术未来的期望和目前存在的问题。 1．句意：它们足够聪明，能够设法应对障碍。根据“to deal with obstacles”及首字母提示可知，此处指设法应对障碍，manage to do sth.为固定短语，意为“设法做成某事”，且enough to do sth.表示“足够……去做某事”，manage用原形。故填(m)anage。 2．句意：“当蚂蚁收集或搬运东西时，如果其中一个遇到障碍物，群体就会一起努力应对那个障碍物，”领导这项研究的圣母大学的Yasemin Ozkan-Aydin博士解释说。根据“one comes upon an obstacle, the group works together to deal with that obstacle”及首字母提示可知，此处表示假设的情况，即如果其中一个遇到障碍物，if“如果”符合语境，引导条件状语从句。故填(i)f。 3．句意：“例如，当路径出现中断时，它们会搭建一座桥，让其他蚂蚁可以穿过，这就是这项研究的理念。”根据“a bridge so the other ants can travel across”及首字母提示可知，此处指搭建一座桥，create“创建，建造”符合语境，will后接动词原形。故填(c)reate。 4．句意：Ozkan-Aydin和她的伙伴们成功地3D打印了一组长15到20厘米的四条腿机器人。根据“3D-printed a group of four-legged robots”及首字母提示可知，此处指成功地打印出机器人，successfully“成功地”符合语境，修饰动词3D-printed。故填(s)uccessfully。 5．句意：它们的前部和后部都装有触摸传感器，以便它们能够感知并与群体中的其他机器人协同工作。根据“at the front and”及首字母提示可知，此处与at the front相对应，指后部，back“后面”符合语境。故填(b)ack。 6．句意：然后，这些机器人被赋予了在不同表面上寻找路径的任务，包括草地、地板和地毯。根据“different surfaces (表面),...grass, floors and carpets”及首字母提示可知，此处指包括草地、地板和地毯这些表面，including“包括”符合语境。故填(i)ncluding。 7．句意：每当一个机器人与其他机器人连接有困难时，它就会通过触摸传感器向它们发送信息。根据“Whenever a robot had...in connecting itself with the other robots”及首字母提示可知，此处指连接有困难，have difficulty (in) doing sth.为固定短语，意为“做某事有困难”。故填(d)ifficulty。 8．句意：每当一个机器人与其他机器人连接有困难时，它就会通过触摸传感器向它们发送信息。根据“it would send information to them...its touch sensors”及首字母提示可知，此处指通过触摸传感器发送信息，through“通过”符合语境。故填(t)hrough。 9．句意：然而，她说电池技术需要改进，这样机器人的工作时间就不会受到电量的影响。根据“she...that battery technology need to improve”及首字母提示可知，此处指她说电池技术需要改进，say“说”符合语境，主语she为第三人称单数，时态为一般现在时，谓语动词用三单形式。故填(s)ays。 10．句意：然而，她说电池技术需要改进，这样机器人的工作时间就不会受到电量的影响。根据“so that the robots working time won’t be...by electric quantity (电量)”及首字母提示可知，此处指工作时间不会受到电量的影响，influence“影响”符合语境，此处为被动语态，be动词后接过去分词。故填(i)nfluenced。 根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使其意思完整。 Throughout history, many cultures value the importance of hard work. It’s true that hard workers are always fighting a 1 the attraction of sleep. The allusion (典故) xuan liang ci gu, which means tying one’ s hair to the house beam (房梁) and stabbing one’s thigh (大腿) with a sharp tool, tells two stories about the hard experiences of keeping a 2 . In the Eastern Han Dynasty, there was a famous politician named Sun Jing, who really enjoyed studying, even in the evening. To stop h 3 falling asleep when reading at night, Sun came up with a special way. He tied his hair to the beam while reading. And that method w 4 . If he felt sleepy, his hair would be pulled upward by the rope and the p 5 would wake him up. Before you are amazed by w 6 Sun Jing did, the story of Su Qin, another famous man who lived in the Warring States Period, was even more shocking. According to Strategies (策略) of the Warring States, when Su was young, he f 7 so many times to get a governmental position that he even let his family down. So he decided to work harder. When he felt sleepy at night, he used a sharp tool to stab at his thigh in order to focus on reading again. No d 8 Su’s hard work paid off. Finally, he s 9 in realizing his dream. Later, people joined Su’s story with Sun’s and c 10 the allusion xuan liang ci gu. At present, although we are not supposed to follow their actions, their amazing spirits are still meaningful and encouraging. 【答案】 1．(a)gainst 2．(a)wake 3．(h)imself 4．(w)orked 5．(p)ain 6．(w)hat 7．(f)ailed 8．(d)oubt 9．(s)ucceeded 10．(c)reated 【导语】本文主要介绍了 “悬梁刺股” 这一典故的由来，讲述了东汉孙敬 “悬梁” 苦读和战国苏秦 “刺股” 苦读的故事，以及后人将两则故事结合创造出该典故的过程，强调其蕴含的刻苦精神仍具意义。 1．句意：的确，努力奋斗的人总是在对抗睡眠的诱惑。根据“fighting…the attraction of sleep”及首字母“a”可知，此处考查fight against表示“对抗、与……作斗争”，符合语境。故填(a)gainst。 2．句意：“悬梁刺股”这个典故，指的是把头发系在房梁上、用利器刺大腿，它讲述了两个关于努力保持清醒的艰难经历的故事。根据“tying one’s hair to the house beam and stabbing one’s thigh with a sharp tool”及首字母“a”可知，此处考查keep awake表示“保持清醒”，符合语境。故填(a)wake。 3．句意：为了防止自己在晚上读书时睡着，孙敬想出了一个特别的办法。根据“To stop…falling asleep when reading at night”及首字母“h”可知，此处考查反身代词himself表示“他自己”，指代孙敬，符合语境。故填(h)imself。 4．句意：而且这个方法奏效了。根据“If he felt sleepy, his hair would be pulled upward by the rope…”及首字母“w”可知，此处考查动词work表示“起作用、奏效”，文章为一般过去时，用worked，符合语境。故填(w)orked。 5．句意：如果他觉得困了，头发就会被绳子向上拉，疼痛感会把他弄醒。根据“his hair would be pulled upward by the rope”及首字母“p”可知，此处考查名词pain表示“疼痛”，符合语境。故填(p)ain。 6．句意：在你为孙敬所做的事感到惊讶之前，战国时期另一位名人苏秦的故事更令人震惊。根据“Before you are amazed by…Sun Jing did”及首字母“w”可知，此处考查连接代词what，引导宾语从句且在从句中作宾语，符合语境。故填(w)hat。 7．句意：据《战国策》记载，苏秦年轻时，多次试图获得官职都失败了，甚至让家人失望。根据“so many times to get a governmental position that he even let his family down”及首字母“f”可知，此处考查动词fail表示“失败”，文章为一般过去时，用failed，符合语境。故填(f)ailed。 8．句意：毫无疑问，苏秦的努力得到了回报。根据“No…Su’s hard work paid off”及首字母“d”可知，此处考查no doubt表示“毫无疑问”，符合语境。故填(d)oubt。 9．句意：最终，他成功实现了自己的梦想。根据“Finally, he…in realizing his dream”及首字母“s”可知，此处考查succeed in doing sth表示“成功做某事”，文章为一般过去时，用succeeded，符合语境。故填(s)ucceeded。 10．句意：后来，人们把苏秦的故事和孙敬的故事结合起来，创造出了“悬梁刺股”这个典故。根据“people joined Su’s story with Sun’s and…the allusion xuan liang ci gu”及首字母“c”可知，此处考查动词create表示“创造”，文章为一般过去时，用created，符合语境。故填(c)reated。 根据短文内容及所给首字母提示写出所缺单词，使短文意思完整，每空一词。 An officer in Shanghai recently replied to a letter from volunteers in a community. They help with garbage sorting (垃圾分类). In his reply, he said he was happy to know that after recent years of publicity (推广), the work of garbage sorting in the volunteers’ community was very s 1 . He also hopes more people can d 2 the habit of sorting garbage. Since 2019, more than 22,000 garbage stations have been upgraded (升级) in Shanghai. A h 3 change has taken place in the city in recent years. People once r 4 garbage sorting, but now they are actively joining in the activity. The community also makes use of technology in garbage sorting. There are special recycling machines besides the garbage cans. People put in old clothes they don’t want. This can help those who can’t a 5 clothes in some poor areas. Sorting garbage is a way to make the community a b 6 place. Also, people can get points on Alipay if they m 7 to put the garbage into the right bins. The points can be exchanged for gifts on Tmall,” said a volunteer. He said many people changed their minds after this kind of “persuasion (劝说)”. 16-year-old volunteer Yu Yue has made posters and written articles about garbage sorting. “My classmates and I e 8 made an animation (动画) to help people understand. After watching them, they have known how important garbage sorting is to the e 9 .” Yu said. In the future, the community will hold more events and work c 10 with local schools. The whole country is going to implement garbage sorting by the end of 2025. 【答案】 1．(s)uccessful 2．(d)evelop 3．(h)uge 4．(r)esisted 5．(a)fford 6．(b)etter 7．(m)anage 8．(e)ven 9．(e)nvironment 10．(c)losely 【导语】本文主要讲述了上海垃圾分类工作效果显著，政府通过志愿者宣传，升级设施和应用技术，居民从抵触转向积极参与，并形成习惯。政府还通过积分奖励和校园推广助力全国2025年全面实施垃圾分类。 1．句意：在他的回复中，他表示很高兴得知，在过去几年的宣传推广之后，志愿者社区的垃圾分类工作取得了非常显著的成效。根据“he said he was happy to know that after recent years of publicity…”及首字母提示可知，他很高兴看到这几年宣传推广后的结果，可推测应是指志愿者的工作非常“成功”，应用形容词successful作表语。故填(s)uccessful。 2．句意：他还希望更多的人能够养成垃圾分类的习惯。根据前文描述通过这几年的宣传垃圾分类效果显著、“They help with garbage sorting”及结合首字母提示可知，此处指“养成”垃圾分类的习惯，动词develop“发展，养成”符合，且情态动词后应用动词原形。故填(d)evelop。 3．句意：近年来，这座城市发生了巨大的变化。根据“but now they are actively joining in the activity”及首字母提示可知，人们之后积极投身于垃圾分类的活动中，此处应指这座城市发生了“巨大的”变化，应用形容词huge“巨大的”作定语修饰名词change“改变”。故填(h)uge。 4．句意：过去人们曾抵制垃圾分类，但现在他们却积极投身于这项活动中。根据后句的转折“but now they are actively joining in the activity”及首字母提示可知，人们之后积极投身于垃圾分类的活动中，可推测之前人们应是“抵制”垃圾分类，动词resist“抵制，抵抗”符合，且该句描述的过去发生的事，时态为一般过去时，应用其对应的动词过去式作谓语。故填(r)esisted。 5．句意：这能够帮助那些在一些贫困地区买不起衣服的人们。根据“People put in old clothes they don’t want.”及首字母提示可知，人们可以将不想要的衣服投入回收机器中，此处应指这个举动可以将衣服给贫困地区“买不起”衣服的人们，动词afford“负担，买得起”符合，且情态动词后应用动词原形。故填(a)fford。 6．句意：对垃圾进行分类是让社区变得更美好的一种方式。结合语境及前文，文章提到了上海这座城市之前人们对垃圾分类的抵触到之后积极投身垃圾分类的活动中，并在垃圾分类方面效果显著且发生了巨大的变化，再结合首字母提示可知，此处应指这是垃圾分类使社区变得(与之前相比)“更好的”一种方式，应用形容词good的比较级better“更好的”作定语修饰place。故填(b)etter。 7．句意：此外，如果人们能够将垃圾正确地投放到相应的垃圾桶中，他们就能在支付宝上获得积分。根据“‘The points can be exchanged for gifts on Tmall,’ said a volunteer. He said many people changed their minds after this kind of ‘persuasion’”及首字母提示可知，此处介绍了正确的垃圾分类的奖励机制，此处应用动词manage与之构成动词短语，“manage to do sth.”表示“设法做某事”，且该句时态为一般现在时，从句主语they为第三人称复数形式，应用其动词原形作从句中的谓语。故填(m)anage。 8．句意：我和我的同学们甚至还制作了一个动画来帮助人们理解。分析句子结构、根据“16-year-old volunteer Yu Yue has made posters and written articles about garbage sorting.”及首字母提示可知，前句介绍了志愿者们制作了关于垃圾分类的海报和文章，且该句结构完整，此处应用副词even强调提及的事物或情况超出了常规或预期，用于加强语气。故填(e)ven。 9．句意：在观察了这些情况之后，他们明白了垃圾分类对于环境有多么重要。根据常识及首字母提示可知，此处介绍了垃圾分类对“环境”的影响，应用名词environment与之搭配。故填(e)nvironment。 10．句意：在未来，该社区将举办更多的活动，并与当地学校密切合作。分析句子结构及首字母提示可知，此处应指将来社区将会和当地学校“密切合作”，且该句结构完整，应用副词closely与之搭配，用于描述不同情境下的紧密关系或细致程度。故填(c)losely。 综合填空 You may think that you cannot live through summer without air conditioners. But in ancient China, hand fans were a 1 the only way for people to drive the heat away. Chinese people started to use hand fans over 2,000 years ago. The fans came in different s 2 , such as round and square. They were also made from all kinds of materials. Palm (棕榈树) leaf fans were cheap and easy to make. Feather fans showed the o 3 high status (地位). Sandalwood (檀香) fans could send out a sweet s 4 . Later, hand fans became far more than just something that could cool you down. They developed into art w 5 , in which Tuanshan (round fans) and Zheshan (folded fans) were the most common. In the shape of a full moon, Tuanshan were usually m 6 of silk. They had beautiful birds and flowers on them. Women, e 7 those in the imperial palace (皇宫), liked to use them. Poets in ancient China often compared a woman’s unlucky life to tuanshan. Nalan Xingde w 8 during the Qing Dynasty, “If only life were as beautiful as when we first met, why should the autumn wind bother to pity deserted fans?” Meanwhile, the literati (文人) liked Zheshan very much b 9 Zheshan were usually made of paper and they could paint and write poems on them. It was a way for them to show off their ability in literature, painting and handwriting. Almost a 10 could be painted on Zheshan. Today, Chinese people still use these fans, though not many people write or paint on them any more. Next time when you are waving a fan, you may think of the stories behind it. 【答案】 1．(a)lmost 2．(s)hapes 3．(o)wner’s 4．(s)mell 5．(w)orks 6．(m)ade 7．(e)specially 8．(w)rote 9．(b)ecause 10．(a)nything 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了中国传统手扇，涵盖其历史、种类、材质、艺术演变，以及团扇、折扇与不同人群（女性、文人 ）的关联和背后文化故事 。 1．句意：但在古代中国，手扇几乎是人们驱热的唯一方式。 结合语境及首字母“a”，“almost几乎” 符合语义，故填(a)lmost。 2．句意：扇子有不同的形状，比如圆形和方形。 “different” 后接可数名词复数，“shape形状”的复数形式“shapes”，契合“round and square圆形和方形” 描述，故填(s)hapes。 3．句意：羽毛扇彰显主人的高地位。 此处修饰“high status高地位”，表示所属关系，“owner”的所有格形式 “owner’s”，故填(o)wner’s。 4．句意：檀香扇能散发出甜香。 “a sweet ”后接名词，“smell气味”符合“散发气味”语境，故填(s)mell。 5．句意：它们发展成了艺术作品，其中团扇和折扇最为常见。 “art works艺术作品” 是固定表达，“work”作“作品”讲时可数，此处应用复数“works，故填(w)orks。 6．句意：团扇呈满月形状，通常由丝绸制成。 “be made of由……制成（能看出原材料 ）”是固定短语，故填(m)ade。 7．句意：女性，尤其是皇宫里的女性，喜欢使用它们。 结合语境及首字母“e”，“especially尤其 ，特别”用于强调特定群体，故填(e)specially。 8．句意：清代的纳兰性德在诗中写道“人生若只如初见，何事秋风悲画扇？”时间状语“during the Qing Dynasty在清代 ”表明用一般过去时，“write”的过去式“wrote”，故填(w)rote。 9．句意：同时，文人很喜欢折扇，因为折扇通常由纸制成，他们可以在上面绘画、题诗。 后句阐述喜欢折扇的原因，结合首字母“b”，“because因为”引导原因状语从句，故填(b)ecause。 10．句意：几乎任何事物都能画在折扇上。 结合语境及首字母“a”，“anything任何事物” 符合语义，故填(a)nything。 请认真阅读下面短文，并根据各题所给首字母的提示，写出一个合适的英语单词完整、正确的形式，使短文通顺。 Can you imagine taking a flying taxi to the airport? Can you imagine jumping over crowded s 1 at rush hour to get where you want to go far faster than you could in a car? B 2 it or not, you might be able to do these things in an electric air taxi sooner than you think. Last June, the FAA (Federal Aviation Administration)—the government group in charge of America's skies—agreed to a 3 a company called Joby Aviation to start testing their new air taxi. Since 2017, Joby has been making and testing flying taxis. But this is the f 4 time they are testing a taxi that has been built in a factory. Before that, all their taxis were made by h 5 . By 2025, Joby hopes to start carrying passengers for money. Joby also expects their air taxis to provide a ride—sharing s 6 in the air. Just like you might use an app to order a car to pick you up, you could use an app to order an air taxi. Some people have worries about them, a 7 the idea of flying taxis is exciting. The taxis may be quieter than helicopters (直升机), but they’ll s 8 add noise and traffic to our skies. Some people worry that only rich people will be able to a 9 to use them. H 10 , it seems likely that air taxis will be part of the future of travel. The FAA says, “We could see air taxis in the skies by 2024 or 2025.” 【答案】 1．(s)treets 2．(B)elieve 3．(a)llow 4．(f)irst 5．(h)and 6．(s)ervice 7．(a)lthough 8．(s)till 9．(a)fford 10．(H)owever 【导语】本文主要讲了Joby Aviation获美国联邦航空管理局批准测试工厂制造的空中出租车，计划2025年开始付费载客并提供空中拼车服务，虽有人担忧噪音、交通及使用成本问题，但空中出租车很可能成为未来出行的一部分。 1．句意：你能想象在交通高峰期跳过拥堵的街道，比开车更快地到达你想去的地方吗？根据“Can you imagine jumping over crowded...at rush hour”以及首字母提示可知，此处指拥堵的街道，street“街道”，可数名词，此处应用复数形式表示泛指。故填(s)treets。 2．句意：信不信由你，你可能很快就能在电动空中出租车里做这些事情。根据“...it or not”以及首字母提示可知，此处考查固定短语believe it or not“信不信由你”。故填(B)elieve。 3．句意：去年6月，美国联邦航空管理局同意一家名为乔比航空的公司开始测试他们的新型空中出租车。根据“the FAA...a company called Joby Aviation to start testing their new air taxi”以及首字母提示可知，此处指同意，allow“允许，同意”，动词；agree to do sth“同意做某事”，故此处用动词原形。故填(a)llow。 4．句意：但这是他们第一次测试在工厂制造的出租车。根据“Since 2017, Joby has been making and testing flying taxis. But this is the...time they are testing a taxi that has been built in a factory”以及首字母提示可知，此处指第一次，first“第一”，序数词。故填(f)irst。 5．句意：在那之前，他们所有的出租车都是手工制作的。根据“Before that, all their taxis were made by...”以及首字母提示可知，此处指手工制作，by hand“手工”，固定短语。故填(h)and。 6．句意：乔比还期望他们的空中出租车能在空中提供拼车服务。根据“Joby also expects their air taxis to provide a ride—sharing...in the air”以及首字母提示可知，此处指服务，service“服务”，不可数名词。故填(s)ervice。 7．句意：尽管空中出租车的想法很令人兴奋，但有些人对此表示担忧。根据“Some people have worries about them,...the idea of flying taxis is exciting”以及首字母提示可知，此处表示让步，although“尽管”，引导让步状语从句。故填(a)lthough。 8．句意：这些出租车可能比直升机更安静，但它们仍然会给我们的天空增加噪音和交通。根据“The taxis may be quieter than helicopters, but they’ll...add noise and traffic to our skies”以及首字母提示可知，此处指仍然，still“仍然”，副词。故填(s)till。 9．句意：一些人担心只有富人才能负担得起使用它们。根据“Some people worry that only rich people will be able to...to use them”以及首字母提示可知，此处指负担得起，afford“负担得起”，动词；be able to do sth“能够做某事”，故此处用动词原形。故填(a)fford。 10．句意：然而，空中出租车似乎很可能成为未来出行的一部分。根据“it seems likely that air taxis will be part of the future of travel”以及上文提到人们的担忧可知，此处表示转折，however“然而”，副词，常位于句首，用逗号与句子其他部分隔开。故填(H)owever。 根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文通顺。 The 47th World Skills Competition, hosted by France, set the Eiffel Tower as its theme. Li Junfei, a Chinese young baker (烘焙师) created a “bread Eiffel Tower”. He won gold and amazed the world by u 1 the traditional Chinese sunmao structure (榫卯结构). His success showed us that old Chinese skills can mix w 2 with modern baking ideas. Li and his team got ideas from China’s a 3 buildings which used the sunmao structure. Li explained the challenge, “Bread gets smaller and loses shape when baked.” To s 4 this problem, they made bread as hard as cookies to keep its structure. The French were amazed by Li’s creation, something n 5 and fresh to them. “They were moved that I, as a foreigner, represented key points of their culture,” Li said with p 6 . On November 17, Li held a special baking class at a university for 30 students from different c 7 , such as Japan, France and Brazil. They tasted fresh bread and learned from the world-class baker. Li taught them four types of bread, noticing that all students enjoyed baking and fell a sense of success. A French student Sophie e 8 her excitement: “I’ve always wanted to try baking, and it was great to learn from a professional.” Li said that a 9 baking started in the West, China is now a global (全球的) competitor. “We won gold in baking and sugar art this year. However, our food culture, baking skills and industry standards need f 10 development, requiring more talent and effort. I do believe China’s baking future will shine brighter!” 【答案】 1．(u)sing 2．(w)ell 3．(a)ncient 4．(s)olve 5．(n)ew 6．(p)ride 7．(c)ountries 8．(e)xpressed 9．(a)lthough 10．(f)urther 【导语】本文讲述了中国年轻烘焙师李骏飞在第47届世界技能大赛中，通过运用中国传统榫卯结构制作“埃菲尔铁塔”面包并获得金牌的故事，展示了中国传统技艺与现代烘焙理念的融合，并强调了中国烘焙行业的全球竞争力和未来发展潜力。 1．句意：他通过运用中国传统榫卯结构赢得金牌，惊艳世界。根据“Li Junfei, a Chinese young baker created a ‘bread Eiffel Tower’. He won gold and amazed the world by using traditional Chinese sunmao structure.”以及首字母提示可知，李军飞作为一名中国年轻烘焙师，通过运用中国传统榫卯结构打造出“埃菲尔铁塔”面包并赢得金牌。use“使用”符合语境，介词by后用动名词形式。故填(u)sing。 2．句意：他的成功向我们表明，中国古老技艺能够与现代烘焙理念很好地融合。根据“His success showed us that old Chinese skills can mix well with modern baking ideas.”可知，此处指中国古老技艺能够与现代烘焙理念很好地融合，副词well“好”符合语境，此处修饰动词。故填(w)ell。 3．句意：李骏飞和他的团队从使用榫卯结构的中国古代建筑中获得灵感。根据“Li and his team got ideas from China’s...buildings which used the sunmao structure.”可知，李骏飞和他的团队从使用榫卯结构的中国古代建筑中获取灵感，ancient“古代的”符合语境。故填(a)ncient。 4．句意：为了解决这个问题，他们把面包做得像饼干一样坚硬，以保持其结构。根据“Li explained the challenge, ‘Bread gets smaller and loses shape when baked.’ To...this problem, they made bread as hard as cookies to keep its structure.”可知，李骏飞阐述了烘焙过程中面包会变小且失去形状这一挑战，为解决该问题，他们将面包做得像饼干一样硬来保持结构。solve“解决”符合语境，此处跟不定式符号to后，使用动词原形。故填(s)olve。 5．句意：法国人对李的作品惊叹不已，这对他们来说是全新的事物。根据“The French were amazed by Li’s creation, something...and fresh to them.”可知，法国人对李骏飞的创作感到惊叹，因其作品对他们而言是全新且新颖的事物。new“新的”符合语境。故填(n)ew。 6．句意：“作为一个外国人，我展现了他们文化的核心元素，这让他们很感动。” 李自豪地说。根据“‘They were moved that I, as a foreigner, represented key points of their culture,’ Li said with...”可知，李骏飞自豪地表示法国人因他作为外国人却展现了他们文化的关键要点而感动。pride“自豪”符合语境。故填(p)ride。 7．句意：11 月 17 日，李在一所大学为 30 名来自不同国家的学生开设了一堂特别的烘焙课，这些学生来自日本、法国和巴西等国。根据“On November 17, Li held a special baking class at a university for 30 students from different..., such as Japan, France and Brazil.”可知，后文列举各个国家，此处应填复数名词countries“国家”。故填(c)ountries。 8．句意：一名法国学生索菲表达了她的兴奋之情：“我一直想尝试烘焙，能向专业人士学习太棒了。”根据“A French student Sophie...her excitement: ‘I’ve always wanted to try baking, and it was great to learn from a professional.’”可知，法国学生索菲表达了她的兴奋之情，称一直想尝试烘焙且能向专业人士学习很棒。express“表达”符合语境，句子时态为一般过去时，动词使用过去式。故填(e)xpressed。 9．句意：李说，尽管烘焙起源于西方，但中国现在已是全球竞争者。根据“Li said that...baking started in the West, China is now a global competitor.”可知，前后分句为让步关系，此处指尽管烘焙起源于西方，但中国如今已成为全球竞争者。although“尽管”符合语境。故填(a)lthough。 10．句意：然而，我们的饮食文化、烘焙技艺和行业标准需要进一步发展，需要更多人才和努力。根据“However, our food culture, baking skills and industry standards need...development, requiring more talent and effort. I do believe China`s baking future will shine brighter!”可知，中餐在饮食文化、烘焙技艺和行业标准上仍需进一步发展，需要更多人才和努力。further“更深的，更进一步的”符合语境。故填(f)urther。 根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整。每空限填一词。 Have you ever known anything about planes? Planes were once m 1 of wood and other materials (材料). However, many things have changed since planes were improved for military use, which really began in 1914. Planes improved in structure (结构) b 2 they had to be able to carry heavy things. And engineers made this c 3 true. Any progress needs the support of knowledge. With the development of aerodynamics (空气动力学), some engineers came up with new ways to cut through the air smoothly. It was possible for planes to be bigger and fly faster, farther and h 4 . As planes flew higher, pilots and passengers would have more difficulty in breathing in the thin a 5 . The pressurized cabins (加压舱) were invented in order to s 6 this problem. It made breath easier in 30,000 ­foot high sky. Besides, improved radio equipment allowed pilots to receive flight directions from the ground. There were many improvements in plane in the 1930s. All of them went into building the Douglas DC­3. This twin­engine (双发动机) transport plane made its first passenger flight in 1936. It could pick up 21 p 7 and could fly smoothly. It soon became the m 8 transport plane of the world’s major air companies. In 1958, Pan America World Airways began the first jet (喷气) service b 9 New York City and Paris using the American Boeing 707 jet. This popular plane made it possible for people other than the army to travel by plane. Planes have improved many times over the years. But people’s needs are a 10 changing. Engineers are working to make even bigger and better planes for the future. It will offer greater comfort to passengers and reduce air pollution. 【答案】 1．(m)ade 2．(b)ecause 3．(c)ome 4．(h)igher 5．(a)ir 6．(s)olve 7．(p)assengers 8．(m)ain 9．(b)etween 10．(a)lways 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了飞机的发展历程，从最初的材料、结构改进，到空气动力学的发展，再到现代喷气式飞机的出现，以及未来飞机的发展方向。 1．句意：飞机曾经是由木材和其他材料制成的。根据“Planes were once ... of wood and other materials (材料)”及首字母可知，这里表示飞机曾经是由木材和其他材料制成的。“be made of”是固定短语，表示“由……制成（能看出原材料）” 。这里是一般过去时的被动语态，结构为 “was/were+过去分词”。故填(m)ade。 2．句意：飞机在结构上得到改进，因为它们必须能够运载重物。根据“Planes improved in structure (结构) ... they had to be able to carry heavy things.”可知，前后句是因果关系，“because”引导原因状语从句，说明飞机结构改进的原因。故填(b)ecause。 3．句意：工程师们使这成为现实。根据“And engineers made this ... true.”及首字母可知，这里表示工程师们使这成为现实。“come true”是固定短语，表示“实现”，“make sth. come true”表示“使某事成为现实”。故填(c)ome。 4．句意：飞机有可能变得更大，飞得更快、更远、更高。根据“It was possible for planes to be bigger and fly faster, farther and ... ”及首字母可知，这里表示飞机有可能变得更大，飞得更快、更远、更高。根据前面的“faster, farther”可知这里要用副词比较级，“high”的比较级是“higher”，表示“更高”。故填 (h)igher。 5．句意：随着飞机飞得更高，飞行员和乘客在稀薄的空气中呼吸会更加困难。根据“As planes flew higher, pilots and passengers would have more difficulty in breathing in the thin ...”及首字母可知，这里表示飞行员和乘客在稀薄的空气中呼吸会更加困难。根据语境和常识，高空的“空气”是“air”，是不可数名词。故填(a)ir。 6．句意：为了解决这个问题，发明了加压舱。根据“The pressurized cabins (加压舱) were invented in order to ... this problem.”及首字母可知，这里表示为了解决这个问题。“in order to do sth.”是固定结构，表示“为了做某事”，“solve”表示“解决”。故填(s)olve。 7．句意：它可以搭载21名乘客，并且飞行平稳。根据“It could pick up 21 ... and could fly smoothly.”及首字母可知，这里表示它可以搭载21名乘客。“passenger”是“乘客”的意思，是可数名词，前面有“21”修饰，要用复数形式“passengers”。故填(p)assengers。 8．句意：它很快成为世界主要航空公司的主要运输飞机。根据“It soon became the ... transport plane of the world’s major air companies.”及首字母可知，这里表示它很快成为世界主要航空公司的主要运输飞机。“main”是形容词，修饰名词“transport plane”，表示“主要的”。故填(m)ain。 9．句意：1958年，泛美世界航空公司使用美国波音707喷气式飞机，开通了纽约市和巴黎之间的首条喷气式航班服务。根据“In 1958, Pan America World Airways began the first jet (喷气) service ... New York City and Paris using the American Boeing 707 jet.”可知，这里表示开通了纽约市和巴黎之间的首条喷气式航班服务。“between...and...”是固定搭配，表示 “在……和……之间”。故填(b)etween。 10．句意：但人们的需求总是在变化。根据“But people’s needs are ... changing.”及首字母可知，这里表示人们的需求总是在变化。“always”是副词，修饰动词“changing”，表示“总是”。故填(a)lways。 根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整。每空限填一词。 Earlier last year, something amazing happened in Colombia. Four children stayed alive for 40 days in the rainforest after their plane had an a 1 . The children were flying to San Jose del Guaviare with their mum. Sadly, their small plane fell in the rainforest. All three adults (成年人) on the plane died, i 2 the children’s mother. This left the four children alone in the rainforest. The oldest child was a 13-year-old girl. Next came a 9-year-old, a 4-year-old, and an 11-month-old baby. At first, the children depended on the food from the plane. After they ran out of the food, they looked for some plants and fruit to eat. They also built a shelter (遮蔽物) to protect themselves against d 3 animals and rainstorms. As soon as the plane went down, people started searching to see if a 4 still stayed alive. After two weeks, the plane was found. People noticed some s 5 which showed the children may still be alive. Search teams flew in small planes and d 6 boxes of food onto the ground, hoping the children would find them. Over 150 soldiers were sent out with dogs to search for the children. They left whistles (哨子) around, hoping the children would find the whistles and use them to make loud n 7 . Around 70 volunteers also helped. After 40 days, the soldiers f 8 found the children, about 5 kilometres away from where the plane was. The children were too weak to move their bodies or c 9 with others. However, they were alive. The soldiers couldn’t be happier. They took the children to the h 10 quickly. With the doctors and nurses’ care, they got better soon. And they were in excellent condition after that. The children’s story surprised many people. How lucky and brave they were! 【答案】 1．(a)ccident 2．(i)ncluding 3．(d)angerous 4．(a)nyone 5．(s)igns 6．(d)ropped 7．(n)oises 8．(f)inally 9．(c)ommunicate 10．(h)ospital 【导语】本文主要讲述一架小型飞机由于故障在哥伦比亚的热带雨林中坠毁，飞机上的四个孩子奇迹般地在这里生存了40天，最终成功获救。他们的故事触动了很多人。 1．句意：四名儿童在飞机发生事故之后，在雨林中存活了40天。根据“Sadly, their small plane fell in the rainforest”可知飞机坠落到雨林里，所以是出了事故，accident“事故”，an后加可数名词单数。故填(a)ccident。 2．句意：飞机上的三名成人都已死亡，包括孩子们的母亲。根据“the children’s mother”可知飞机上的三名成人都已死亡，包括孩子们的母亲，此处用介词including“包括”。故填(i)ncluding。 3．句意：他们还建造了一个遮蔽物，以保护自己免受危险的动物和暴风雨的侵袭。根据“animals and rainstorms.”可知这个遮蔽物可以保护他们免受危险的动物和暴风雨的侵袭，dangerous“危险的”，形容词作定语。故填(d)angerous。 4．句意：飞机坠毁后，人们立即开始搜寻，看看是否还有任何人幸存。根据“see if...still stayed alive”可知是看是否还有人活着，anyone“任何人”。故填(a)nyone。 5．句意：人们注意到一些迹象，表明孩子们可能还活着。根据“which showed the children may still be alive.”可知是有迹象表明孩子们可能还活着，sign“迹象”，some后加名词复数。故填(s)igns。 6．句意：搜救队乘坐小型飞机，将装有食物的箱子空投到地面，希望孩子们能找到它们。根据“boxes of food onto the ground”可知是把装有食物的箱子投到地面，drop“掉落”，句子用一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填(d)ropped。 7．句意：他们四处留下哨子，希望孩子们能找到哨子并用它们发出响亮的声音。根据“hoping the children would find the whistles and use them to make loud”可知是用哨子发出噪音，noise“噪音”，用名词复数表泛指。故填(n)oises。 8．句意：40天后，士兵们终于在距离飞机坠毁地点约5公里的地方找到了孩子们。根据“found the children”可知是终于找到了那些孩子，修饰动词用副词finally“终于”。故填(f)inally。 9．句意：孩子们虚弱得无法动弹或与他人交流。根据“with others”可知孩子很虚弱，不能和他人交流，communicate“交流”，or前后的动词形式一致，故此处用动词原形。故填(c)ommunicate。 10．句意：士兵们欣喜若狂，迅速将孩子们送往医院。根据“With the doctors and nurses’ care”可知是把他们送到了医院，hospital“医院”。故填(h)ospital。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 期末复习之短文首字母填空15篇 （期末考试单元话题） 本资料共15篇专题训练，从上到下按照难度分层训练 题号 难度 知识点 1 适中 科学家,记叙文 2 适中 文体活动,哲理感悟,记叙文 3 适中 说明文,发明与创造,科学技术 4 适中 传统节日,说明文,中华文化 5 适中 工作与职业,说明文 6 适中 哲理感悟,记叙文 7 适中 说明文,礼仪与习俗,跨文化沟通 8 适中 科学技术,发明与创造,说明文 9 困难 励志故事,记叙文 10 较难 环境保护,公共服务,社区 11 适中 传统工艺 12 适中 交通方式,发明与创造,科学技术 13 适中 烹饪,其他人,食物,中华文化 14 适中 交通方式 15 适中 事故,叙事忆旧 请认真阅读下面短文，并根据各题所给首字母的提示，写出一个合适的英语单词完整、正确的形式，使短文通顺。 To remember the great physicist Chen Ning Yang, we learn about his life story. Yang was born in Hefei, Anhui, in 1922. The city saw his early love for science. His a 1 in physics are very great. In 1957, when he was only 35, he w 2 the Nobel Prize in Physics with Tsung-Dao Lee. This made Chinese scientists at home and a 3 proud. Yang was an organized researcher. He never did experiments in a hurry. Every experiment he did was carefully planned with h 4 standards and clear goals. His theory (理论) is v 5 for solving scientific difficulties and guiding future research. So it has been used in many important studies. He often gave young researchers useful s 6 . He said, “Think deeply before experimenting, for hurry only wastes time.” When he c 7 complex (复杂的) ideas to students, he spoke clearly and simplified difficult concepts well. Chen Ning Yang was respected around the w 8 . People admired him not only for his success but also for his modesty and lifelong devotion. He once said, “In scientific research, we can’t give up easily. Persistence (坚持) m 9 most, even when facing repeated failures.” Up to now, his work has helped young physicists make much p 10 in their scientific dreams. He is a true master in physics, and his spirit will encourage us. 首字母填空。 Would you completely trust your friends if you couldn’t see anything? Our teacher helped us to find the a 1 . Our teacher is named Morrie. One day, he said that he had a game for us to try. He made us into two groups. One of the students from the first group stands in front of us with his eyes c 2 , and then falls backwards. The second group stands behind him. Before he falls on the floor, they should catch him and not let him get h 3 . Most of us felt bad with this. We were a 4 that they wouldn’t catch us and we would fall on the floor. No one would like to try this game in front of the class. We just stood there and laughed. Finally, one student, a thin, quiet, dark-haired girl called Sarah, d 5 to move. She put her arms in front of her body, closed her eyes, and s 6 fell backwards. She looked quiet but not scared. For a m 7 , I was sure she was going to fall on the floor. But before it, the other students caught her and finally helped her stand up. We were all s 8 , and were also encouraged. The girl was happy, too. S 9 this, Morrie felt happy and said to the girl, “When you close your eyes, you can’t see anything. You won’t feel safe. When you are falling, you may feel worried. You aren’t sure w 10 you will fall on the cold floor or the warm hands of your friends. But if you trust them, they won’t let you down.” 根据短文内容及所给首字母提示写出所缺单词，使短文意思完整，每空一词。 Have you ever seen a robot (机器人) that brings packages to your door? In many Chinese cities, this is common. These delivery robots are changing how we get packages. Many people find this way p 1 because it doesn’t eat up their waiting time—no one likes to feel i 2 while waiting. Why do we need these robots? First, they save time. A robot brings 8-10 packages an hour, while a person brings only 4-5. Second, they’re e 3 — they work day and night without getting tired. Third, they n 4 cause traffic jams nor get stuck in narrow streets. Their small size lets them move easily. How do the robots work? Workers first check their batteries to make sure they work. They use sensors to c 5 with their path. These sensors “see” things like cars and stop in time, which helps avoid accidents because of drivers’ c 6 . They also use GPS to follow the best path. As soon as they arrive, they send a message to the customer. The customer uses a code to open the box. The robots are organized and always keep the delivery process in o 7 . Are the robots safe? Most move slowly— about 5 km per hour. This keeps everyone safe. But there are c 8 . For example, they can’t work well in heavy rain or snow, because sensors fail. Also, some people worry about l 9 jobs. But experts suggest robots create new jobs, like fixing robots. Delivery robots show p 10 in technology. They make our everyday life easier. In China, people d 1 a year into 24 Solar Terms. People created them thousands of years ago, but they are still u 2 today in guiding people’s lives. After the Spring Equinox (春分), the 4th Solar Term of the year, days begin to be much l 3 than nights. As for activities, flying kites is a p 4 activity during this time. People often write good words on their kites. They all hope that their wishes come t 5 . During the Major Heat, the 12th Solar Term of the year, most parts of China enter the h 6 season of the year. The sunshine, high temperatures and heavy rain are good for the plants. B 7 many natural disasters also happen. The Frost’s Descent (霜降), the 18th Solar Term of the year, is the last Solar Term of a 8 . During this time, the weather becomes much colder than before and the t 9 changes greatly from day to night. The Major Snow is the 21st of the Solar Terms, and the third one of winter. The temperature d 10 day by day, as the year is coming to an end. The snow in the north of China may last for a whole day, and heavy snow brings us a fantastic ice world of pure white. Choosing a career is a big choice, but it doesn’t have to be scary (可怕的). Some people already know what they want to do, while others need more time. The key is to find work that m 1 your interests and skills—you’ll be happier doing what you love. Think about what excites you most. Do you like s 2 problems and working with numbers? You might want to work in technology or engineering. If you are w 3 to help people, try fields like healthcare or teaching. However, it’s not only about what you like—your skills m 4 too. Are you great at talking to people and understanding their needs? Or are you better at solving puzzles and using technology? Some people are amazing at maths and science, while others are b 5 with creativity and communication. You don’t just want a job you’re good at. You a 6 want one that you enjoy. When you join love and skills together, your work becomes l 7 of a “job” and more of something you really enjoy. Moreover, when you love w 8 you do, it’s easier to feel happier at the end of the day. But it’s also important to think about the job market and chances. If you live in a place full of technology companies, jobs in programming or engineering may be more s 9 . One more thing: your career path isn’t set in stone. People c 10 careers all the time! It’s okay if you start one job and then decide you want to try something new. What’s important is to keep learning and growing along the way. 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容及首字母提示，在空白处填入一个适当的单词。 Long ago in ancient China, there was a young man named Xue Tan who loved singing. He became a student of Qin Qing, a great m 1 known for his magical voice. After practising for a few months, Xue Tan became p 2 . “I’ve learned everything!” he told his teacher. “I’m ready to leave and sing alone!” Instead of getting a 3 , Qin Qing smiled and held a goodbye party for him on a quiet hillside. As the sun set, Qin Qing began to sing. His voice started softly, like a gentle breeze (微风). Then it grew louder and stronger, shaking the trees around them. The clouds in the pink evening sky seemed to freeze in place. Birds stopped flying to l 4 , and even the wind went silent. Xue Tan’s face turned r 5 with shame. He realised his teacher’s singing was like a roaring ocean, while his own voice was j 6 a tiny stream (溪流). He fell to his knees and cried, “I was w 7 to think I knew everything! Please let me keep learning f 8 you.” Qin Qing kindly helped him up. “True skill isn’t about showing off,” he said. “It’s about listening to the world, to your heart, and to those who came before you.” From that day on, Xue Tan decided to p 9 hard. He imitated (模仿) the rhythm of rainstorms and learned melodies from bird songs. Years later, when people praised his talent, he always said, “I’m still just Qin Qing’s s 10 .” 阅读短文，根据短文内容及首字母提示，在空白处填入一个适当的单词。 China is an old country with a rich culture. When travelling to China, understanding Chinese culture and customs is i 1 for you to behave in a good way. Being invited to a Chinese family’s home can be a wonderful and warm experience. Chinese people are known to be very friendly. When you’re invited to a Chinese family’s home, make sure you a 2 on time. Don’t forget to say good words about s 3 you like in the house. You’d better bring some small g 4 when visiting someone’s home or being invited for dinner. Chinese people like to receive fruit or tea in a nice box or basket. A 5 some small talks, comes the dinner. A Chinese dinner table is a happy place, full of delicious food and conversation. When foreigners are invited for dinner, they’re supposed to notice what everybody else is doing and try to do the s 6 . You’d better eat plenty of food to show you’re enjoying it. Don’t finish off the whole dish, but leave a small amount of food on the plates. It shows that the host has p 7 enough food. H 8 , for foreigners, Chinese people may be very curious (好奇的). Chinese people usually ask some personal questions, even if you’ve met for the f 9 time. So, don’t be surprised to be asked things like your age, your education or your work. You do not have to answer these questions. If you don’t want to talk about your own life, j 10 explain to them. Enjoy yourself in the warm and welcoming world of the local Chinese. As a guest in China, you will get special treatment. And your hosts make sure you will have a good time. Engineers in the US have made a group of robots. They are smart enough to m 1 to deal with obstacles (障碍). “When ants collect or carry things, i 2 one comes upon an obstacle, the group works together to deal with that obstacle,” explained Dr Yasemin Ozkan-Aydin of the University of Notre Dame, who led the research. “When there’s a break in the path, for example, they will c 3 a bridge so the other ants can travel across and that is the idea for the study.” Ozkan-Aydin and her partners s 4 3D-printed a group of four-legged robots which are 15 to 20 cm long. They were fixed with touch sensors (传感器) at the front and b 5 , so that they could feel and work with the other robots in the group. The robots were then tasked with finding their way over different surfaces (表面), i 6 grass, floors and carpets. Ozkan-Aydin also built stairs for them to climb up using plastic or wooden blocks. Whenever a robot had d 7 in connecting itself with the other robots, it would send information to them t 8 its touch sensors. Ozkan-Aydin hopes this technology could be used in the future to make groups of robots to help in more areas. However, she s 9 that battery technology needs to improve so that the robots’ working time won’t be i 10 by electric quantity (电量). 根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使其意思完整。 Throughout history, many cultures value the importance of hard work. It’s true that hard workers are always fighting a 1 the attraction of sleep. The allusion (典故) xuan liang ci gu, which means tying one’ s hair to the house beam (房梁) and stabbing one’s thigh (大腿) with a sharp tool, tells two stories about the hard experiences of keeping a 2 . In the Eastern Han Dynasty, there was a famous politician named Sun Jing, who really enjoyed studying, even in the evening. To stop h 3 falling asleep when reading at night, Sun came up with a special way. He tied his hair to the beam while reading. And that method w 4 . If he felt sleepy, his hair would be pulled upward by the rope and the p 5 would wake him up. Before you are amazed by w 6 Sun Jing did, the story of Su Qin, another famous man who lived in the Warring States Period, was even more shocking. According to Strategies (策略) of the Warring States, when Su was young, he f 7 so many times to get a governmental position that he even let his family down. So he decided to work harder. When he felt sleepy at night, he used a sharp tool to stab at his thigh in order to focus on reading again. No d 8 Su’s hard work paid off. Finally, he s 9 in realizing his dream. Later, people joined Su’s story with Sun’s and c 10 the allusion xuan liang ci gu. At present, although we are not supposed to follow their actions, their amazing spirits are still meaningful and encouraging. 根据短文内容及所给首字母提示写出所缺单词，使短文意思完整，每空一词。 An officer in Shanghai recently replied to a letter from volunteers in a community. They help with garbage sorting (垃圾分类). In his reply, he said he was happy to know that after recent years of publicity (推广), the work of garbage sorting in the volunteers’ community was very s 1 . He also hopes more people can d 2 the habit of sorting garbage. Since 2019, more than 22,000 garbage stations have been upgraded (升级) in Shanghai. A h 3 change has taken place in the city in recent years. People once r 4 garbage sorting, but now they are actively joining in the activity. The community also makes use of technology in garbage sorting. There are special recycling machines besides the garbage cans. People put in old clothes they don’t want. This can help those who can’t a 5 clothes in some poor areas. Sorting garbage is a way to make the community a b 6 place. Also, people can get points on Alipay if they m 7 to put the garbage into the right bins. The points can be exchanged for gifts on Tmall,” said a volunteer. He said many people changed their minds after this kind of “persuasion (劝说)”. 16-year-old volunteer Yu Yue has made posters and written articles about garbage sorting. “My classmates and I e 8 made an animation (动画) to help people understand. After watching them, they have known how important garbage sorting is to the e 9 .” Yu said. In the future, the community will hold more events and work c 10 with local schools. The whole country is going to implement garbage sorting by the end of 2025. 综合填空 You may think that you cannot live through summer without air conditioners. But in ancient China, hand fans were a 1 the only way for people to drive the heat away. Chinese people started to use hand fans over 2,000 years ago. The fans came in different s 2 , such as round and square. They were also made from all kinds of materials. Palm (棕榈树) leaf fans were cheap and easy to make. Feather fans showed the o 3 high status (地位). Sandalwood (檀香) fans could send out a sweet s 4 . Later, hand fans became far more than just something that could cool you down. They developed into art w 5 , in which Tuanshan (round fans) and Zheshan (folded fans) were the most common. In the shape of a full moon, Tuanshan were usually m 6 of silk. They had beautiful birds and flowers on them. Women, e 7 those in the imperial palace (皇宫), liked to use them. Poets in ancient China often compared a woman’s unlucky life to tuanshan. Nalan Xingde w 8 during the Qing Dynasty, “If only life were as beautiful as when we first met, why should the autumn wind bother to pity deserted fans?” Meanwhile, the literati (文人) liked Zheshan very much b 9 Zheshan were usually made of paper and they could paint and write poems on them. It was a way for them to show off their ability in literature, painting and handwriting. Almost a 10 could be painted on Zheshan. Today, Chinese people still use these fans, though not many people write or paint on them any more. Next time when you are waving a fan, you may think of the stories behind it. 请认真阅读下面短文，并根据各题所给首字母的提示，写出一个合适的英语单词完整、正确的形式，使短文通顺。 Can you imagine taking a flying taxi to the airport? Can you imagine jumping over crowded s 1 at rush hour to get where you want to go far faster than you could in a car? B 2 it or not, you might be able to do these things in an electric air taxi sooner than you think. Last June, the FAA (Federal Aviation Administration)—the government group in charge of America's skies—agreed to a 3 a company called Joby Aviation to start testing their new air taxi. Since 2017, Joby has been making and testing flying taxis. But this is the f 4 time they are testing a taxi that has been built in a factory. Before that, all their taxis were made by h 5 . By 2025, Joby hopes to start carrying passengers for money. Joby also expects their air taxis to provide a ride—sharing s 6 in the air. Just like you might use an app to order a car to pick you up, you could use an app to order an air taxi. Some people have worries about them, a 7 the idea of flying taxis is exciting. The taxis may be quieter than helicopters (直升机), but they’ll s 8 add noise and traffic to our skies. Some people worry that only rich people will be able to a 9 to use them. H 10 , it seems likely that air taxis will be part of the future of travel. The FAA says, “We could see air taxis in the skies by 2024 or 2025.” 根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文通顺。 The 47th World Skills Competition, hosted by France, set the Eiffel Tower as its theme. Li Junfei, a Chinese young baker (烘焙师) created a “bread Eiffel Tower”. He won gold and amazed the world by u 1 the traditional Chinese sunmao structure (榫卯结构). His success showed us that old Chinese skills can mix w 2 with modern baking ideas. Li and his team got ideas from China’s a 3 buildings which used the sunmao structure. Li explained the challenge, “Bread gets smaller and loses shape when baked.” To s 4 this problem, they made bread as hard as cookies to keep its structure. The French were amazed by Li’s creation, something n 5 and fresh to them. “They were moved that I, as a foreigner, represented key points of their culture,” Li said with p 6 . On November 17, Li held a special baking class at a university for 30 students from different c 7 , such as Japan, France and Brazil. They tasted fresh bread and learned from the world-class baker. Li taught them four types of bread, noticing that all students enjoyed baking and fell a sense of success. A French student Sophie e 8 her excitement: “I’ve always wanted to try baking, and it was great to learn from a professional.” Li said that a 9 baking started in the West, China is now a global (全球的) competitor. “We won gold in baking and sugar art this year. However, our food culture, baking skills and industry standards need f 10 development, requiring more talent and effort. I do believe China’s baking future will shine brighter!” 根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整。每空限填一词。 Have you ever known anything about planes? Planes were once m 1 of wood and other materials (材料). However, many things have changed since planes were improved for military use, which really began in 1914. Planes improved in structure (结构) b 2 they had to be able to carry heavy things. And engineers made this c 3 true. Any progress needs the support of knowledge. With the development of aerodynamics (空气动力学), some engineers came up with new ways to cut through the air smoothly. It was possible for planes to be bigger and fly faster, farther and h 4 . As planes flew higher, pilots and passengers would have more difficulty in breathing in the thin a 5 . The pressurized cabins (加压舱) were invented in order to s 6 this problem. It made breath easier in 30,000 ­foot high sky. Besides, improved radio equipment allowed pilots to receive flight directions from the ground. There were many improvements in plane in the 1930s. All of them went into building the Douglas DC­3. This twin­engine (双发动机) transport plane made its first passenger flight in 1936. It could pick up 21 p 7 and could fly smoothly. It soon became the m 8 transport plane of the world’s major air companies. In 1958, Pan America World Airways began the first jet (喷气) service b 9 New York City and Paris using the American Boeing 707 jet. This popular plane made it possible for people other than the army to travel by plane. Planes have improved many times over the years. But people’s needs are a 10 changing. Engineers are working to make even bigger and better planes for the future. It will offer greater comfort to passengers and reduce air pollution. 根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整。每空限填一词。 Earlier last year, something amazing happened in Colombia. Four children stayed alive for 40 days in the rainforest after their plane had an a 1 . The children were flying to San Jose del Guaviare with their mum. Sadly, their small plane fell in the rainforest. All three adults (成年人) on the plane died, i 2 the children’s mother. This left the four children alone in the rainforest. The oldest child was a 13-year-old girl. Next came a 9-year-old, a 4-year-old, and an 11-month-old baby. At first, the children depended on the food from the plane. After they ran out of the food, they looked for some plants and fruit to eat. They also built a shelter (遮蔽物) to protect themselves against d 3 animals and rainstorms. As soon as the plane went down, people started searching to see if a 4 still stayed alive. After two weeks, the plane was found. People noticed some s 5 which showed the children may still be alive. Search teams flew in small planes and d 6 boxes of food onto the ground, hoping the children would find them. Over 150 soldiers were sent out with dogs to search for the children. They left whistles (哨子) around, hoping the children would find the whistles and use them to make loud n 7 . Around 70 volunteers also helped. After 40 days, the soldiers f 8 found the children, about 5 kilometres away from where the plane was. The children were too weak to move their bodies or c 9 with others. However, they were alive. The soldiers couldn’t be happier. They took the children to the h 10 quickly. With the doctors and nurses’ care, they got better soon. And they were in excellent condition after that. The children’s story surprised many people. How lucky and brave they were! 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $