Unit 5 First Aid Reading and Thinking 预习学案-2025-2026学年高中英语人教版选择性必修第二册

该高中英语预习学案聚焦阅读主题相关的词汇、短语、句型及阅读理解能力，从重点词汇词形词义记忆入手，通过语境填空、派生词汇构建基础，过渡到核心词汇深度讲解和句法句式分析，形成从基础积累到综合应用的学习支架，衔接前后知识脉络。 该学案以语境化练习和多维任务提升核心素养，词汇部分结合语境填空与派生联想强化语言能力，课文理解通过整体、细节及探究问题培养思维品质，分层巩固练习助力学习能力提升，习题设计注重应用迁移，帮助学生高效掌握知识点，提升预习效果。

reading and thinking预习学案 重点词汇——牢记词形和词义 1. n. 技能；技术；技艺 2. n. 辐射；放射线 3. vi. (突然)倒塌；(因病等)昏倒 4. n. 幸福；福祉；安康；福利 5. n. 受害者；患者 6. vt. 包、裹；(用手臂等)围住 7. n. 洗澡；浴缸；浴盆 vt. 给……洗澡 8. vi. 滑倒；滑落；溜走 n. 滑倒；小错误；纸条 9. n. 蚊子 10. adj. 年纪较大的；上了年纪的(婉辞) 11. n. 电话接线员；操作员 12. n. 救护车 13. vi. & vt. 推迟；延期(做某事) vt. 耽误；耽搁 n. 延误；耽搁(的时间)；推迟 14. n. 针；缝衣针；注射针；指针 15. vi. & vt. (使)惊慌 n. 惊恐；恐慌 16. vi. & vt. (因愤怒或恐惧)高声喊；大声叫 n. 尖叫；尖锐刺耳的声音 17. adj. 同类的；同事的；同伴的；同情心的 n. 男人；家伙；同事；同学 18. vi. & vt. (使)窒息；(使)哽咽 19. vt. 抓住；攫取 n. 抓取；抢夺 20. n. 郊区；城外 运用·语境填空——测试一下基本功 1. Over the last five decades, improved farming ______ (technique) have helped to significantly increase crop yields. 2. According to the policeman, it is common that frightened ______ (victim) can rarely make correct identification. 3. A mother complained that her little son was always relying on her, ______ (wrap) himself around her legs wherever she went. 4. I’ve often wondered why people laugh at the picture of a man ______ (slip) on a banana skin and falling. 5. Educators may fear that children hearing two languages will become permanently confused and thus their language development ______ (delay). 6. He began ______ (panic) when knowing that the policeman had understood what he had done with his friends. 7. With everyone’s attention focused on him, Kempton made a strange noise at the back of his throat as if he were about ______ (choke). 8. The woman ______ (grab) her son tightly was afraid that her son would be lost in the crowded museum. 速记·派生词汇—— 牢记词形与词义 1. organ n. (人或动植物的)器官→ adj. 器官的；有机的 2. urge v. 催促，致使→______ adj. 紧急的；急迫的；急切的一→urgency n. 紧迫；急迫 3. bleed vi. 流血；失血→______ n. 流血；失血 4. interrupt vi. & vt. 打断；打扰 vt. 使暂停；使中断→______ n. 打扰；打断 5. desperate adj. 绝望的；孤注一掷的；非常需要的一→______ adv. 极其；非常；绝望地；非常需要地→______ n. 绝望；拼命 6. practice n. 练习，实践 v. 练习→____ __ adj. 切实可行的；实际的；实践的 →______ adv. 实际地；几乎 7. tight adj. 牢固的；紧身的；绷紧的；严密的 adv. 紧紧地；牢固地→______ adv. 紧紧地；牢固地；紧密地→______ v. (使) 变紧，更加牢固；使更加严格；加强 8. justify vt. 证明……有道理；为……辩护；是……的正当理由→______ adj. 事出有因的；合乎情理的；(做某事) 有正当理由的 9. fog n. 雾→______ adj. 有雾的 运用·语境填空——测试一下基本功 1. Joseph says his products are priced 10%—20% above ______ (organ) versions, which makes consumers unwilling to buy his products. 2. Caring for children is not only morally ______ but essential for the future of society, and governments should recognize the ______ (urge) 3. For workers who ______ need their jobs yet know they can be easily replaced, it is easy to get the feeling of ______ (desperate) 4. Companies that have long focused on hardware now have to give consumers ______ (practice) solutions to their everyday problems. 5. Health and environmental advocates have long urged the government agencies to ______ (tight) the use of some of the chemicals. 6. These experts said at the meeting that it was still questionable whether the expenditure on this project is really ______ (justify). 7. The reason why I was late for our appointment was that it was so ______ (fog) this morning that the driver could hardly make out the way ahead. 速记·重点短语 —— 记牢搭配和意义 1. 阻止……免于…… 2. 导致 3. 各种各样的 4. 依靠，依赖 5. 把……运用/涂抹于…… 6. 触觉 7. 充当；担当 8. 分成 9. 电击；触电 10. 粘住；坚持 11. 帮助某人站起身来 12. 健康状况不好 13. 袖手旁观；支持；遵守 14. 在……帮助下 15. 面朝上（朝下） 16. 迟起；睡过头；睡懒觉 运用·语境填空 —— 测试一下基本功 1. With both knees hurting, the poor old man was only just able to struggle along ______ a stick. 2. With the aim of getting an accurate result, the students ______ several small groups to talk about the subject. 3. What we have learned from the lecture given by the famous professor is that we should ______ the principles and be flexible as well. 4. When having difficulty finishing your task, you may ______ it that he will help you because he is a reliable man. 5. Seeing the serious expression on his colleagues’ face, he realized ______ that there was something wrong. 6. He continues to insist that all he wrote in the book is nothing but the truth, and that he will ______ his word. 词汇联想 由新知联想已知 1. minor adj. 较小的；次要的；轻微的 ①secondary adj. 次要的；辅助的；继发性的 ②smaller adj. 更小的；小的 ③inferior adj. 较差的；次的，较低的 ④lower adj. 较小的；较低级的 2. slip vi. 滑倒；滑落；溜走 n. 滑倒；小错误；纸条 联想①slide v. 滑动；悄悄地移到 ②fall v. 落下；摔倒 ③mistake n. 错误；错事 ④error n. 错误；过失 3. wrap vt. 包、裹；(用手臂等)围住 ①surround v. 围绕；包围 ②cover v. 遮盖；覆盖 ③envelop v. 包住；笼罩 核心词汇 1. minor adj. 较小的；次要的；轻微的 n. 辅修课程 (1) minor injuries 轻伤 (2) minority n. 少数；少数民族 a minority of 少数 be in a/the minority 占少数 【即学即练】——单句语法填空/完成句子 ① Though our school makes it clear that phones are not allowed, a ______ (minor) of students tend to ignore it. ② The minority who attended the meeting yesterday ______ (be) students. ③ 研究显示，反对这个计划的人占少数。 As is shown in the research, those against the plan ______. 2. urgent adj. 紧急的；急迫的；急切的 (1) in urgent need of... 急需…… (2) urge v. 敦促；驱赶；催促；力劝；竭力主张；大力推荐 n. 强烈的欲望 urge sb to do 催促某人做…… urge that...(should) do sth 敦促；竭力主张 have an urge to do sth 渴望做某事 (3) urgency n. 紧急；迫切 a sense of urgency 紧迫感 【即学即练】——单句语法填空/一句多译 ① It is ______ (urge) that food and clothes (should) be sent to the sufferers in the area. ② I have an urge ______ (do) some voluntary work for the Chinese painting exhibition. ③ 我们的校长督促我们学生互相帮助，以缓解我们沉重的学习压力。 Our head teacher ______ to each other to ease our heavy study pressure. =Our head teacher ______ to each other to ease our heavy study pressure. 3. ease vi. & vi. (使)宽慰；减轻；缓解 n. 容易；舒适；自在 (1) ease sb of sth ______ 减轻/消除某人…… (2) with ease (=easily) 轻易地；毫不费力地 at ease 舒适；无拘无束；自由自在 feel at ease 感到心情放松 put sb at ease 使某人放松 【即学即练】——单句语法填空/完成句子 ① I have met many people in my life, but I only felt completely ______ ease with Tom. ② Fortunately, through our joint effort, we solved the urgent problem ______ ease. ③ I recommend you listen to some soft music, which may ease you ______ urgency. ④ 根据学生们所说的，他们每天穿着校服非常舒适。 According to what the students said, they ______ in their school uniforms every day. 句法句式 1. unless 引导条件状语从句 【教材 P 51】 Remove any clothes using scissors if necessary, unless you see the fabric sticking to the burnt skin. 如有必要，用剪刀剪掉衣服，除非你看到布料已粘在烧伤的皮肤上了。 【句式分析】本句为祈使句，句中包含一个 unless 引导的条件状语从句。 So, don’t stop speaking when you make a mistake unless it’s a truly serious one. 所以，当你犯错误时不要停止说话，除非它是一个十分严重的错误。 (1) 连词 unless 意为“除非……如果不……”多引导一个否定意义的条件句，可与 if... not 互换。 (2) 如果主句是一般将来时态，从句常用一般现在时；如果强调从句动作发生在主句动作之前，从句可用现在完成时。 (3) 若主从句主语一致，且从句中含有动词 be, 则可以同时省略从句主语和动词 be。 【即学即练】——单句语法填空/一句多译 ① Unless some extra money ______ (find), the theatre will close because of lack of money. ② It is so cold that you can’t go outside unless fully ______ (cover) in thick clothes. ③ 老师告诉我们，如果我们不努力，我们会落后于他人的。 The teacher told us that we will fall behind others ______ (unless) = The teacher told us that we will fall behind others ______ (if) 2. there is a need to do sth 有必要做某事 【教材 P 51】 If the victim is suffering from second or third-degree burns, there is an urgent need to take him/her to the hospital at once. 如果伤者是二度或三度烧伤，必须立刻送往医院。 【句式分析】本句是一个复合句。句中含有一个 if 引导的条件状语从句。 Therefore, there is no need to worry about our studies—relax and have a good rest. 因此，没有必要担心我们的学业——放松和好好休息一下。 There is no need to do sth 没必要做某事 There is no denying that...不可否认...... There is no doubt that...毫无疑问...... There is no possibility that...没有......的可能性 [即学即练]——单句语法填空/完成句子 ① There is no need______ (feel) upset for things like this usually happen to teenagers, including you. ② There is no possibility______ Mark will finish the challenging task by himself within two days. ③______ (不可否认) China is playing an important role on the international political stage. ④ 毫无疑问，人类通过共同努力一定能够战胜这种疾病。 ______human beings are bound to defeat the disease with joint efforts. 课文理解 Task 1 整体理解 Read the text quickly and choose the best answer to each question. 1. What’s mainly talked about in the passage? A. Burns and first-aid treatment. B. How to carry out first aid for burns. C. The function of the skin. D. Characteristics of burns. 2. What’s talked about in paragraph 4? A. Characteristics of burns. B. First-aid treatment. C. Causes of burns. D. Types of burns. Task 2 细节理解 Read the text carefully and choose the best answer to each question. 1. Which part of your body is the largest organ? A. Legs. B. The skin. C. The head. D. The trunk(躯干). 2. What kind of burns is usually considered to be caused by hot liquids? A. First-degree burns. B. Second-degree burns. C. Third-degree burns. D. Not mentioned. 3. What are the characteristics of first-degree burns? A.Dry, red and mildly swollen. B.Black, white and mildly painful. C.Red and swollen with watery surface. D.Black, swollen and extremely painful. Task 3 多维探究 Answer the following questions. 1. Why can’t victims with third-degree burns almost feel painful? 2. Why shouldn’t we apply oil to the injured areas? 一词多义 1. cause v. 导致，引起 n. 原因，理由；事业；诉讼案 ①(教材原句) Examples include mild sunburn and burns caused by other minor household incidents. ② Drunk driving is one of the most common causes of traffic accidents. ③ Animal welfare campaigners raised£70,000 for their cause last year. 2. apply v. 申请；应用；适用；涂，敷；有关；涉及；努力；勤奋工作；按，踩 ①(教材原句) Applying oil to the injured areas is a bad idea, as it will keep the heat in the wounds and may cause infection. ② You would pass your exams if you applied yourself. ③ Pressure applied to the wound will stop the bleeding. ④ I am writing to apply for the job you advertised on TV. ⑤ As is known to all,theory should be applied to practice. 长难语句 1. (学会断句) Remove any clothes/using scissors/if necessary, unless you see the fabric/sticking to the burnt skin. 【分析】本句是一个复合句。主句为 Remove any clothes... using scissors 为动词-ing形式短语作 ______, if necessary 是 if 条件句的 ______, 完整形式为 if it is necessary. unless 引导 ______, 其中动词-ing形式短语 sticking... skin 作 ______. 【翻译】 巩固落实 一、单句语法填空 1. Women are in a ______ (minor) in the top ranks of the government in that country. 2. I am afraid you have not realised the ______ (urgent) of the matter. 3. Learning to use chopsticks makes you feel ______ ease when you are enjoying Chinese cuisine. 4. There is no need for freshmen ______ (worry) about high school life too much. 5. There is no doubt ______ you will be punished if you are late for this class deliberately. 二、 完成句子 1. 你不应该因为小事和你的朋友吵架，因为这会影响你们的友谊。 You shouldn’t quarrel with your friends over______ because it will influence your friendship. 2. 现在我有一个棘手的问题要处理，所以我迫切需要你的帮助。 Now I have a tough problem to deal with,so I have ______ for your help. 3. 妈妈给这个小男孩放了舒缓的音乐，这有助于缓解他的紧迫感。 Mom played soft music for the little boy,which helped ______. 4. 苏珊没有必要害羞，她的同学们都愿意和她做朋友。 ______for Susan to be shy, all her classmates were willing to be friends with her. 三、课文语法填空 The skin, which acts as a barrier 1. ______ disease, toxins and the sun’s rays, is an essential part of your body. So if your skin gets burnt, it can lead to very serious injuries. Depending on the 2. ______ (deep) of skin damage, burns are divided into three types. First-degree burns affect only the top few millimetres of the skin. Second-degree burns go below the top layer of the skin. They are serious and take a few weeks 3. ______ (get) better. Third-degree burns affect every layer of the skin. They cause very severe internal 4. ______ (injury). The cool water stops the 5.______ (burn) process and reduces the pain and swelling. Remove any clothes using scissors 6. ______ necessary, unless you see the fabric 7. ______ (stick) to the burnt skin. 8. ______ (apply) oil to the injured areas is a bad idea,as it will keep the heat in the wounds and may cause 9. ______ (infect). If the victim is suffering 10. ______ second or third-degree burns, he/she needs to be taken to the hospital at once. 参考答案 速记·重点词汇——牢记词形和词义 1. technique 2. radiation 3, collapse 4. welfare 5. victim 6. wrap 7. bath 8, slip 9. mosquito l0.elderly 11. operator 12. ambulance 13, delay14. needle 15. panic 16. scream 17. fellow 18. choke19. grab 20.suburb 运用·语境填空——测试一下基本功 1. techniques 2. victims 3. wrapping 4. slipping 5. will be delayed 6. to panic 7. to choke 8. grabbing 速记·派生词汇——牢记词形和词义 1. organic 2. urgent 3. bleeding 4. interruption 5. desperately; desperation 6. practical; practically 7. tightlystighten 8.justified 9. foggy 运用·语境填空——测试一下基本功 1. organic 2. urgent; urgency 3. desperately; desperation 4. practical 5. tighten 6. justified 7. foggy 速记·重点短语——记牢搭配和意义 1. prevent...from... 2.lead to 3. a variety of 4. depend on 5. apply...to... 6. sense of touch 7. act as 8. divide into 9. electric shock 10. stick to 11. help sb to one's feet 12. out of shape 13. stand by 14. with the help of 15. face up/down 16. sleep in 17. in need 18. right away 运用·语境填空——测试一下基本功 1. with the help of 2. were divided into 3. stick to 4. depend on 5. right away 6. stand by 课文理解 Task1整体理解 1-2 AA Task2细节理解 1-3 BBA 课文精粹 一、一词多义 1.①v.导致；引起 ②n.原因 ③n.事业 2.①涂，敷②努力学习 ③按 ④申请⑤应用 核心词汇 1. ①minority ②were ③are in a/the minority 2. ①urgent ②to do ③urged us students to give a helping hand; urged that we students (should) give a helping hand 3. ①at ②with ③of ④feel at ease 句法句式 1. ①is found ②covered ③unless we work hard; if we don’t work hard 2. ①to feel ②that ③There is no denying that ④There is no doubt that 巩固落实 1、 词汇填空 1. minority 2. urgency 3. at 4. to worry 5. that 二、 短语翻译 1. minor matters 2. an urgent need 3. ease his sense of urgency 4. There was no need 三、 综合填空 1. against 2. depth 3. to get 4. injuries 5. burning 6. if 7. sticking 8. Applying 9. infection 10. from 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $