UNIT 4 Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas（Word练习）-【精讲精练】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第二册（外研版）

[对应知能达标训练P28] Ⅰ.单词拼写 1．It is vital(极其重要的) that every piece of equipment should be checked before the experiment. 2．(2024·石家庄一中月考)We are looking for people who would be willing to assist(帮助) in the group's work. 3．Statistics(统计数据) indicate that the environmental pollution has had serious consequences. 4．Some specialists(专家) were constantly sent to the district to help the injured. 5．How to carry out teaching in small-sized classes is a difficult problem to tackle(处理) in such village schools. 6．The twin(双胞胎的) sisters look like each other，but they are completely different in character. 7．China would like to work together with any other country to build a peaceful and prosperous future for mankind(人类). 8．There are lots of things to do before travelling abroad and my top priority(优先处理的事) is to apply for a visa. Ⅱ.单句语法填空 1．My devotion (devote) to the work combined with determination and confidence，I believe I will become a qualified chairman of the Student Association. 2．Against all odds，Rick's agent，Arnie，finally finds an Italian team that needs him. 3．(2024·河北正定月考)It turned out that traditional Chinese medicine plays a significant role in the control and prevention of infectious(infect) diseases. 4．(译林选必三U4)Heritage sites are at risk from natural forces.The long-term natural forces，such as wind，water and temperature，can gradually wear down heritage sites. 5．China attaches great importance to tackling(tackle) climate change and actively undertakes its responsibilities. 6．Ann is a devoted doctor，who devotes/devoted all her Spring Festival holiday to her patients this year.They are all grateful to her for her devotion．(devote) 7．Li Hua was admitted into a key university，which made her parents and teachers relieved(relieve). 8．Boredom is one of the top reasons why people give up on running，so try to keep it fun and interesting. 9．(2024·广东深圳高二联考)Although it was very late when John began doing the job，he managed to finish it on time，with his friend's assistance (assist). 10．If we are to make a difference in life，it's vital that we (should) begin (begin) with small things. Ⅲ.完成句子 1．我走在大街上突然听到有人在叫我的名字。(感官动词＋宾语＋宾补) I was walking in the street when I heard my name being called． 2．我在国际慈善组织帮忙已经五个月了，这对我来说是一次宝贵而丰富的经历。(since) It is/has been five months since I helped in the international charity organization，which has been a valuable and enriching experience for me. 3. 我们学校将要召开的这次主题班会是为了介绍中国传统文化。(不定式作表语) The theme class meeting which our school will hold is to introduce traditional Chinese culture． Ⅳ.课文语法填空 I arrived in Liberia with MSF almost three months ago.When I saw the tragic scenes on the news，I felt it was my duty as a doctor to go there and offer my help.There are no borders for doctors，for patients or for anyone else involved in 1.combating(combat) this terrible disease. My mission was 2.to relieve(relieve) Emma，a Canadian specialist in infectious diseases at the end of her posting.She introduced me 3.to some of the others working for or alongside MSF.For example，Wilton，a young local man，who helped carry the very sick into the treatment clinic and 4.disinfected (disinfect) clothing and surfaces.With each person I met，I felt 5.a growing sense of pride as part of this extraordinary team，6.whose devotion to the cause shone from their eyes. Since then，I have come to know these people very well.We have worked together，7.surrounded(surround) by blood，vomit and death.Although the death rate is very high，we will never give up on a patient，and our efforts do sometimes end in 8.miracles (miracle). It is so 9.inspiring(inspire) to have colleagues like Wilton，Maisy，Alfonso，not to mention all the others I have worked with.In a world still facing so many problems，it is 10.absolutely(absolute) essential for us all to collaborate to create a global community with a shared future of peace and prosperity. Ⅰ.阅读理解 A (2024·山东临沂期中联考)After several months of waiting，in November 2018，I received an offer to assist for six months as a Physiotherapy Activity Manager (PAM) in one of the MSF rehabilitation (康复) centres in Baghdad! Leaving in January! Wow! A sudden mix of excitement and anxiety briefly took hold of me...but I made my decision quickly—I would leave in January for Iraq. Under the burning sun there，I went through one of the most challenging experiences，such as adapting to a climate that sometimes lacks softness，and adapting to my new professional duties，my multicultural team and the pace that always took us further. I met a patient during our weekly medical rounds: This young man had been in a tragic accident on the family farm when he was just a child，leaving him with only one arm and one leg.For more than 10 years，he mainly got around by dragging himself along the ground，and thus developed incredible physical and mental strength.This young man came out of the MSF rehabilitation centre upright and proud，walking towards a brighter future. The MSF project also supports the national health care system，primarily through knowledge sharing.Unfortunately，the health care and education systems have been particularly hard hit by war.Today's system is still marked by the past and by corruption(腐败)—it struggles to recover and regain its former prestige (声望).The project has given us the chance to improve physiotherapy training so that more people can receive rehabilitative care.As a PAM，my overall role is to support better physiotherapy practices and to collaborate with Iraqis to develop civilian services. Although Baghdad is fairly more modern and freer than its neighbors，strict security checks have become a regular part of day-to-day life.Living in Baghdad means living with a heavy past.It also means hope.Hope that Iraq's culture，which is rich，generous and ancient，will be recognized and make people forget about war.Everything we have done is rewarding. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在伊拉克巴格达做无国界医生的经历和感受。 1．What is paragraph 2 mainly about? A．The difficulties the author faced in Baghdad. B．How the author got the offer to work for MSF. C．The mixed feelings the author experienced in Iraq. D．How the author made his decision to become a PAM. 解析　主旨大意题。第二段主要描述了作者在巴格达遇到的挑战，包括气候、新的职责、多文化碰撞等。故选A。 答案　A 2．What can be learned about the young man mentioned in paragraph 3? A．He got wounded in a war. B．He left the centre full of hope. C．He left his farm for a brighter future. D．He got help from the local government. 解析　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“This young man came out of the MSF rehabilitation centre upright and proud，walking towards a brighter future.”可知，年轻人走出康复中心时，心中充满骄傲和对美好未来的期待。故选B。 答案　B 3．What does the author mainly do in the centre? A．He fights against the corruption. B．He teaches practical knowledge to Iraqi kids. C．He treats people suffering from mental illnesses. D．He helps Iraqis to develop their rehabilitative care. 解析　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“my overall role is to support better physiotherapy practices and to collaborate with Iraqis to develop civilian services”可知，作者在康复中心的主要职责是对更好的理疗培训进行援助，并与当地人员合作发展居民服务事业。 答案　D 4．Which of the following can be used to describe the author? A．Strict but caring. B．Proud but patient. C．Brave and honest. D．Generous and positive. 解析　推理判断题。根据文章中对作者报名参加无国界医生到伊拉克服务的描述可知，作者是一个心地“宽厚的(generous)”人；根据最后一段可知，住在巴格达就意味着要背负沉重的过去，也意味着希望，希望伊拉克丰富、慷慨、古老的文化得到认可，让人们忘记战争。作者认为所做的一切都是值得的。由此可以看出，作者是一个“积极乐观的(positive)”人。 答案　D B (2024·上海华东师范大学附属中学期中)Identical twins Kathy and Sophie arrived at college last year and determined to strike out on independent paths，so they had requested rooms in different dorms.While Kathy got along with her roommate，Sophie was miserable.She and her roommate silently warred over matters ranging from when the lights should be turned off to how the furniture should be arranged.Finally，they divided the room into two and gave up on oral communication.During this time，Sophie kept seeking comfort from Kathy.Before long，the two wanted to live together again.Sophie's roommate eventually agreed to move out. Sophie's way to tackle her dilemma by rooming with her identical twin is unusual，but the conflict she faced is not.Most roommate conflicts spring from such small，annoying differences rather than from grand disagreements over abstract principles.One person likes quiet，while the other person spends two hours a day practicing the trumpet.One eats only organically(有机地) produced vegetables and loves animals，while the other likes wearing fur and enjoys cutting up frogs in biology class. When personalities don't mix，the excitement of being away at college can quickly fade away.Moreover，roommates can affect each other's psychological health.Some specialists say that depression in college roommates is often passed from one person to another. Many schools have started conflict resolution programs to calm tensions that otherwise can build up like a volcano preparing to explode，finally resulting in physical violence.Some colleges have resorted to “roommate contracts” that all new students fill out and sign after attending a lecture on roommate relations.Students detail behavioral guidelines for their room，including acceptable hours for study and sleep，a policy for use of each other's possessions.Some schools try to head off the feud before it begins by using computerized matching.Students are put together on the basis of their responses to housing form questions. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了室友之间的冲突很常见以及如何很好地去避免它们。 5．Why is the twins' story mentioned? A．To describe college life. B．To reveal the relationship of the twins. C．To show the love between the sisters. D．To present the phenomenon of roommate conflicts. 解析　推理判断题。根据第一段中的“While Kathy got along with her roommate，Sophie was miserable.She and her roommate silently warred over matters ranging from when the lights should be turned off to how the furniture should be arranged.”以及第二段内容可知，索菲通过与同卵双胞胎同往来解决困境的方式非同寻常，但她所面临的冲突却并非如此。大多数室友之间的冲突都是源于这样微不足道的、令人气恼的分歧，而不是源于对抽象原则的重大分歧。由此可推知，文章提到双胞胎的故事是为了呈现室友冲突现象。故选D。 答案　D 6．What is the cause of most conflicts among roommates? A．They have opposite mindsets. B．They argue over serious matters. C．They differ greatly in life values. D．They hold different preferences in some way. 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段可知，大多数室友之间的冲突都是源于这样微不足道的、令人气恼的分歧，而不是源于对抽象原则的重大分歧。一个人喜欢安静，而另一个人每天花两个小时练习喇叭。一个人只吃有机蔬菜，喜欢动物，而另一个人喜欢穿皮草，喜欢在生物课上解剖青蛙。由此可知，室友之间大多数冲突的原因是他们在某种程度上有着不同的偏好。故选D。 答案　D 7．What does the underlined word “feud” in the last paragraph mean? A．Difference. B．Quarrel. C．Competition. D．Test. 解析　词义猜测题。根据最后一段中的“Many schools have started conflict resolution programs to calm tensions that otherwise can build up like a volcano preparing to explode，finally resulting in physical violence.”可猜测，学校通过一些手段试图阻止冲突和争吵，所以画线词feud为“冲突，争吵”的意思，结合选项可知B项(争吵)与feud意思一致。故选B。 答案　B 8．Which of the following is the best title for the text? A．Identical Twins Living Together Again in Colleges B．Roommate Conflicts，Common and Unavoidable? C．Roommate Contracts，Useful in Solving Conflicts? D．Roommate Conflicts Affecting Students' Psychology 解析　主旨大意题。根据全文并结合第二段中的“Most roommate conflicts spring from such small，annoying differences rather than from grand disagreements over abstract principles.”以及最后一段中的“Many schools have started conflict resolution programs to calm tensions that otherwise can build up like a volcano preparing to explode，finally resulting in physical violence.”可知，文章主要讲的是室友之间的冲突很常见以及如何很好地去避免它们。故文章最好的标题为“室友冲突，常见又不可避免？”。故选B。 答案　B Ⅱ.完形填空 I worked as a volunteer for a month at the Cape Town Children's Hospital.The hospital focused on child treatment.We wore colourful aprons to get 1 and we went from hallway to hallway asking who wanted to play.It was amazing to see a child 2 me to play. Most of the children did not speak English，only African dialects，which at first made it difficult to 3 ，but everything went smoothly—dances and even basketball—though we didn't know each other's 4 ．It was very interesting to teach English to these children and many of them enjoyed learning. I've also benefited greatly from this 5 ．I made many friends.Most were 6 ，like me，and lived in the same house.Cape Town is a 7 blend (融合) of mountains，beaches and city and I visited many places with them.It was amazing to have lived there! Before I went to Africa，many people said，“Choose another 8 ．There are a lot of diseases there.” 9 ，I followed my heart and decided to 10 children there.I think it was the best 11 of my life! Of course I was afraid! It was my first international trip and my first day at the hospital was 12 ！ I never imagined working in such a distant and 13 place.But it's always been my dream to stop seeing 14 children in bed and start seeing them live a(n) 15 life! [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一名志愿者在南非的开普敦儿童医院工作的经历。 1．A.attention B．support C．treatment D．information 解析　根据本段中的“We wore colourful aprons”和“we went from hallway to hallway asking who wanted to play”可知，此处指作者和其他工作人员穿着颜色鲜艳的围裙来吸引孩子们的注意(attention)。treatment治疗。 答案　A 2．A.coming across B．caring for C．running towards D．learning about 解析　每当看到有孩子跑过来想跟作者一起玩耍时，作者都感到惊喜。run towards sb意为“跑向某人”，符合语境，故选C。 答案　C 3．A.control B．study C．explain D．communicate 解析　根据本段中的“Most of the children did not speak English，only African dialects”可知，这里很多孩子都不说英语，而是说当地的方言，这让作者和他们交流(communicate)不畅。 答案　D 4．A.names B．languages C．jobs D．strengths 解析　根据本段中的“Most of the children did not speak English”和“but everything went smoothly—dances and even basketball”可知，虽然不懂彼此的语言(languages)，但作者和孩子们之间的游戏仍然可以顺利进行。 答案　B 5．A.research B．competition C．experience D．relationship 解析　根据本段中的“I made many friends.”和“It was amazing to have lived there！”及前面两段的介绍可知，作者从这次经历(experience)中受益匪浅。 答案　C 6．A.fans B．members C．teachers D．volunteers 解析　作者结识了很多朋友，他们中大部分人都和作者一样是志愿者(volunteers)。 答案　D 7．A.powerful B．wonderful C．strange D．simple 解析　根据本段中的“Cape Town is a 7 blend (融合) of mountains，beaches and city and I visited many places with them.It was amazing to have lived there！”可知，开普敦是个很好的(wonderful)地方。 答案　B 8．A.method B．time C．topic D．place 解析　根据该空后的“There are a lot of diseases there.”可知，在去非洲之前，很多人都劝作者选择另一个地方(place)，因为那里疾病肆虐。 答案　D 9．A.Instead B．However C．Moreover D．Therefore 解析　根据本段中的“I followed my heart”及上文中对作者在非洲一家医院做志愿者并受益匪浅的描述可知，此处指虽然很多人劝作者选择另一个地方，然而作者遵从自己的内心，决定去非洲帮助那里的孩子。 答案　B 10．A.help B．join C．impress D．invite 解析　作者决定前去帮助(help)那里的孩子。 答案　A 11．A.result B．vacation C．decision D．promise 解析　作者认为这是自己这一生最好的决定(decision)。上一句中的decided给出了提示。 答案　C 12．A.shocking B．amusing C．confusing D．boring 解析　根据本段中的“Of course I was afraid! It was my first international trip”及“I never imagined working in such a distant...place.”再结合选项可推知，A项(令人震惊的)最符合语境，表示作者到达医院的第一天(经历)是令人震惊的。 答案　A 13．A.crowded B．busy C．dangerous D．poor 解析　根据上文介绍的作者去当志愿者帮助那里的孩子及“I never imagined working in such a distant and 13 place.”再结合常识可推知那里的物质条件很差，由此可知此处表示作者从来没想过自己会在如此遥远又贫困的(poor)地方工作。 答案　D 14．A.homeless B．sick C．surviving D．hungry 解析　根据本段中的“children in bed and start seeing them live a(n) 15 life”及上文中对作者在非洲一家医院做志愿者的描述可知，作者一直以来的愿望就是看到生病的(sick)孩子不再躺在病床上。 答案　B 15．A.honest B．single C．happy D．wealthy 解析　作者一直以来的愿望就是看到孩子们不再躺在病床上并且过上幸福的(happy)生活。 答案　C 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $