Unit 3 Environmental Protection 单元阅读与完形填空配套练习-2025-2026学年高中英语人教版选择性必修第三册

Unit 3 Environmental Protection-单元阅读与完形填空配套练习 一、阅读理解。 A When John Todd was a child, he loved to explore the woods around his house, observing how nature solved problems. A dirty stream, for example, often became clear after flowing through plants and along rocks where tiny creatures lived. When he got older, John started to wonder if this process could be used to clean up the messes people were making. After studying agriculture, medicine, and fisheries in college, John went back to observing nature and asking questions. Why can certain plants trap harmful bacteria(细菌)? Which kinds of fish can eat cancer-causing chemicals? With the right combination of animals and plants, he figured, maybe he could clean up waste the way nature did. He decided to build what he would later call an eco-machine. The task John set for himself was to remove harmful substances from some sludge(污泥). First, he constructed a series of clear fiberglass tanks connected to each other. Then he went around to local ponds and streams and brought back some plants and animals. He placed them in the tanks and waited. Little by little, these different kinds of life got used to one another and formed their own ecosystem. After a few weeks, John added the sludge. He was amazed at the results. The plants and animals in the eco-machine took the sludge as food and began to eat it! Within weeks, it had all been digested, and all that was left was pure water. Over the years, John has taken on many big jobs. He developed a greenhouse-like facility that treated sewage(污水) from 1,600 homes in South Burlington. He also designed an eco-machine to clean canal water in Fuzhou, a city in southeast China. “Ecological design” is the name John gives to what he does.“Life on Earth is kind of a box of spare parts for the inventor，” he says.“You put organisms in new relationships and observe what's happening. Then you let these new systems develop their own ways to self-repair.” 1.What can we learn about John from the first two paragraphs?( ) A.He was fond of traveling. B.He enjoyed being alone. C.He had an inquiring mind. D.He longed to be a doctor. 2.Why did John put the sludge into the tanks?( ) A.To feed the animals. B.To build an ecosystem. C.To protect the plants. D.To test the eco-machine. 3.What is the author's purpose in mentioning Fuzhou?( ) A.To review John's research plans. B.To show an application of John's idea. C.To compare John's different jobs. D.To erase doubts about John's invention. 4.What is the basis for John's work?( ) A.Nature can repair itself. B.Organisms need water to survive. C.Life on Earth is diverse. D.Most tiny creatures live in groups. B篇 The rechargeable lithium-ion (锂离子) battery market is worth more than ＄50 billion. Lithium-ion batteries, whose demand continues to go up day by day, are used in a wide range of electronic devices. They are made of four main components, and cathode (阴极) is one of them. The cathode's active material type is what determines the capacity of a battery. A recent study, led by Wang Yan, a material scientist of Worcester Polytechnic Institute, finds that lithium-ion batteries made with recycled cathodes work better than those with new cathodes. “The battery industry is expected to grow sharply in the next decade. This high demand has led companies to go to extremes, like increasing deep-sea mining, to gain access to the minerals used in lithium-ion batteries,” Wang said. “Mining minerals will have environmental impacts. Recycling spent lithium-ion batteries offers a way out.” But until now, the prospect of using recycled materials in lithium-ion batteries has some manufacturers (制造商) worrying that it could impact performance. Thus, lithium-ion batteries are still not widely recycled. Aware of decreasing resources and environmental impact, Wang and other researchers set out to find a way to make recycling lithium-ion batteries economically practical. Through experiments, they could recover more than 90% of the key metals from spent batteries. These recovered metals became the basis of the new recycled battery's cathode's active material. In tests between Wang's team's recycled batteries and brand-new batteries of the same composition, the recycled batteries outperform the new ones in their ability to maintain capacity. It took 11,600 charge cycles for recycled cathode batteries to lose 30 percent of their original capacity. That was about 50 percent better than the 7,600 observed cycles for new cathode batteries, the team reported. Those thousands of extra cycles could translate into years of better battery performance, even after repeated use and recharging. 1.What can we learn about lithium-ion batteries from the first paragraph?( ) A.They are high in price. B.They are in great demand. C.They are limited in use. D.They are simple in composition. 2.What does Wang mainly talk about in paragraph 3?( ) A.The target users of recycled batteries. B.The ways to get minerals for batteries. C.The major reasons for recycling batteries. D.The complex process of recycling batteries. 3.What are the manufacturers concerned about?( ) A.Declining mineral resources. B.Difficult recycling techniques. C.Serious environmental problems. D.Inefficient battery performance. 4.Which of the following details best supports the main idea of the text?( ) A.The battery industry is going to develop dramatically. B.Recycling batteries reduces impact on the environment. C.Scientists can recover key materials from spent batteries. D.Recycled batteries outperform new ones in charging circles. 二、七选五。 2025 marks the 60th anniversary of the Red Flag Canal's completion, a “man-made sky river” carved along the Taihang Mountains, which is more than a hydraulic (水利的) miracle with a total of 1,250 hilltops cut, 211 tunnels dug through. 1.___ This 1,500 km water system ended centuries of drought in Linxian County, rewriting the destiny (命运) of about 560,000 people. In the 1960s, facing extreme water shortages, local farmers led by Secretary Yang Gui embarked on a great endeavor.2.___ Using ropes to go down cliffs and oil lamps for tunnel lighting, these determined builders hand-chiseled (用手工凿) 1.25 million cubic meters of rock. Historical records show workers consumed 55 tons of steel making drill bits alone — enough to build three Eiffel Towers. They created what UNESCO later called “a spirit of human courage”. The construction was a symphony of sacrifice (牺牲). Engineer Wu Zutai died holding blueprints; labor hero Ren Yangcheng was disabled during cliff repairs; volunteer Li Gaiyun lost her leg saving teammates.3.___ Their stories, preserved in the channel's museum alongside 3,000+ rusting tools, testify to Chairman Yang's words: “This water flows with our collective soul.” Today, the canal sustains ecosystems beyond imagination. 4.___Advanced irrigation systems now water about 370,000 acres of fields, while newly planted forests prevent soil erosion. In 2023, it gained global recognition as it was included in the tentative list of World Heritage Irrigation Structures. 5.___ At Qingniandong Tunnel, college students reenact construction scenes through VR; livestreamers share canal stories to 20 million followers. As 85-year-old builder Wang Huimin remarks: “The spirit that moved mountains now moves young hearts.” A.Modern technology continues to shape its development. B.Over 80 lives were lost during the decade-long project. C.It stands as China's lasting symbol of collective resolve. D.Geological challenges made the plan seem impossible. E.Its waters now raise both crops and cultural heritage. F.They lacked modern machinery but not determination. G.New generations are reinventing its legacy creatively. 三、完形填空。 The balcony(阳台) is one of the main reasons I rented my new apartment here in Atlanta. I knew I would . .1. . it into my own private garden oasis(绿洲). I pictured the vines(藤本植物) and greenery and the feelings they would . .2. . in me—feelings of joy, pleasure, and satisfaction at seeing my labors . .3. . with happy green growing things. I had my first flower garden when I was 5 years old. Mom . .4. . liked plants and flowers. We both enjoyed planting flowers and talking about the subject of flowers. Her . .5. . is one of the things I really miss since Mom's death three years ago. Throughout Mom's hospitalization, I always . .6. . that there were plants and flowers in her room. It wasn't only our . .7. . for plants and flowers that motivated me to bring them to Mom during her . .8. . difficulties. I considered them an important part of her recovery because plants and flowers with beauty and life force . .9. . hope and health. That's exactly why I treasured the flower garden I . .10. . for years in my hometown in Connecticut before moving to Atlanta. It helped me stay . .11. . to feelings of hope and the possibility of a fresh start. Each new plant . .12. . so small and delicate before growing into the vines that would . .13. . produce the cut flowers I would put in vases throughout the house. The garden satisfies my desire to witness the positive . .14. . of my work. And it reminds me that life renews itself and next chapters—like new . .15. . and new seasons—are always possible as long as we are alive. 1.( ) A.absorb B.divide C.introduce D.transform 2.( ) A.offer B.inspire C.handle D.control 3.( ) A.rewarded B.replaced C.concerned D.contrasted 4.( ) A.never B.even C.also D.still 5.( ) A.confidence B.insistence C.conservation D.participation 6.( ) A.indicated B.ensured C.admitted D.remembered 7.( ) A.admiration B.respect C.affection D.appreciation 8.( ) A.medical B.emotional C.behavioral D.psychological 9.( ) A.maintain B.represent C.stimulate D.restore 10.( ) A.recorded B.prepared C.observed D.tended 11.( ) A.equal B.connected C.sensitive D.tolerant 12.( ) A.turned out B.started out C.made up D.ended up 13.( ) A.immediately B.eventually C.evidently D.occasionally 14.( ) A.results B.thoughts C.suggestions D.assumptions 15.( ) A.health B.wealth C.strength D.growth 四、语法填空。 As the global population continues to surge and traditional agricultural lands shrink, the need to revolutionize food production has never been more urgent.1.______(face) with the challenges of climate change and urbanization, scientists are reimagining farming, developing AI-driven systems to boost harvests in enclosed spaces and minimize environmental impact. Vertical farms, using hydroponics(水培)to grow crops in vertically stacked layers, produce food year-round with less water. Recent studies interpret this striking efficiency of vertical farming 2.___ a technological revolution: one facility yields as much produce as ten traditional farms. By 2023, the system 3._____________________ (implement) with sensor-equipped installations in over fifty cities globally from Tokyo to Berlin, 4._______ demonstrates their rapid adoption across diverse climatic zones. Critics point out 5.___ significant drawback: high energy consumption for artificial lighting. But supporters find6.___crucial to balance environmental costs with benefits like reduced carbon emissions. 7.__________(occupy) minimal urban space, vertical farms stand in stark contrast to conventional farming, which relies on vast farmland. Many designers now incorporate AI sensors for monitoring plant health, though small technical problems sometimes lead to crop failure. Addressing these risks requires engineers 8.___________ (develop) smarter algorithms(算法). Initially, the concept seemed 9.__________ (ambition) due to high costs and technological complexity, yet its popularity grows globally, especially in regions facing severe land scarcity. Urban planners emphasize it is only a matter of time before these farms become mainstream, as they offer food security in a rapidly warming world where multiple food 10.______(crisis) threaten stability. 五、读后续写。 My dad and I had been looking forward to the state cross-country race in my senior year of high school, which would be the climax(巅峰) of my school life. I was the fastest runner on my team, and I was supposed to make it into the top fifteen. We had been working towards this race for three years. It was everything to me, and it was everything to my dad. He was a runner and was wild with the joy of my success in running. He made it to every race, even flying home early from business trips to see me run. I always listened for his voice, which rang above the crowd—telling me to relax my arms, calling out my time. He pushed me. He cheered for me. He believed in me. We spent countless hours on the sandy canals of Arizona. Breathing in the dust of the desert, the fragrance of the orange blossoms, and the terrible smell of the dairy farm, we made our way across the city. We pounded miles and miles into our running shoes, marking the path to greatness with every step. It was a journey that was just ours. A dream was passed on from one generation to the next. Then the big day came. It was hotter than normal — too hot. My throat felt like a field of cotton and cracked with the summer heat as I waited for the gun to fire. I gazed at the crowd; dozens of familiar faces from school flickered across my view. They had come for me. They were counting on me. I saw my dad set his watch, worry and excitement on his face. With the sound of a gunshot, the race began. For the first two and a half miles, I felt great. I had never been so ready for something before. The weeks leading up to the race were filled with hard practice and a strict diet. The scorching sun beat upon my back, blinding me with its brilliance. Nothing was going to stop me, though. 注意：1.续写词数应为150个左右； 2.请按如下格式作答。 However, without warning, my strength was running out._____________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ I whispered, “I'm so sorry I disappoint you, Dad.”___________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 参考答案 一、CDBA BCDD 二、CFBEG 三、DBACD BCABD BBBAD 四、Faced；as；had been implemented；which；a；it；Occupying；to develop；ambitious；crises 五、However, without warning, my strength was running out. My lungs fought to take in enough air, and my feet were transformed into cement bricks. Even though I knew my dreams of victory had been destroyed, I had to finish the race. With all of the strength left in me, I got on my hands and knees and crawled, inch by inch, across the finish line. Shame pulsed through my veins as dad squatted down and pulled me into his arms. I whispered, “I'm so sorry I disappoint you, Dad.” He gave me a gentle smile and said,“You could never disappoint me. All that matters is that you did your best.” Lifting my face, I saw my dad's eyes, in which I saw the sweat, the time, and the work we had put into our dream. “But we worked so hard. What about our dream?” I asked. In that second, the world stood still. He reached for my hand, holding back his own tears, and said, “Don't you know that you are my dream come true?” ( 1 ) 学科网（北京)股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $