考前押题04 阅读理解-说明文4大常考话题（期末复习专项训练）七年级英语上学期新教材北师大版

专题04 阅读理解-说明文4大常考话题 话题1 学校生活 话题3 科学知识 话题2 健康 话题4 其他 1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 话题1 学校生活 Passage 1 （24-25七年级上·北京通州·期末） Finding the Right Balance (平衡) in After-School Activities After-school activities are important for children’s growth. These activities help children find new interests and build skills. However, too many activities can make children feel bad. Rachel Cortese, a speech-language pathologist (病理学家), thinks that after-school activities can help children make friends and use up their energy (能量). When children do well in these activities, they often feel better about themselves. Taking part in the activities can also keep children away from dangerous behaviors (行为). On the other hand, doing too many after-school activities can hurt (伤害) children’s confidence. Susan Newman, a social psychologist (心理学家), thinks that if children try to do everything, they might not be good at anything. That can hurt their confidence. To avoid too many activities, children must understand their real needs and have time for free play. That can help them balance their activities. It’s great for children to try different activities, but it is important for them to find a balance. So as students, make sure you have as much time to relax and have fun as you do for after-school activities. 1．What is Paragraph 2 mainly about? A．Ways to help children find new after-school activities. B．Ideas on helping children do well in after-school activities. C．Bad things about after-school activities. D．Good things about after-school activities. 2．Susan Newman probably agrees (同意) that ________. A．children can be good at every after-school activity B．students should manage to do more after-school activities C．after-school activities can help children with their homework D．too many after-school activities are bad for children’s confidence 3．What does the word “avoid” in Paragraph 4 most probably mean? A．Keep children away from. B．Be interested in. C．Put more effort into. D．Help children with. 4．What is the writer’s main purpose (目的) in writing this passage? A．To ask children to take part in more after-school activities. B．To tell children to have both after-school activities and free time. C．To help children find more time to do after-school activities. D．To make children know all the after-school activities. 【答案】1．D 2．D 3．A 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了课外活动对孩子的成长很重要，但是课外活动并不是多多益善，孩子们要在参加课外活动和放松玩耍之间找到平衡点。 1．主旨大意题。根据“after-school activities can help children make friends and use up their energy.”，“When children do well in these activities, they often feel better about themselves.”和“Taking part in the activities can also keep children away from dangerous behaviors. ”可知，这些都是参加课外活动的好处。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据“Susan Newman, a social psychologist, thinks that if children try to do everything, they might not be good at anything. That can hurt their confidence.”可知，社会心理学家苏珊·纽曼认为，如果孩子试图做每件事，他们可能什么都不擅长。这会伤害他们的信心。故选D。 3．词句猜测题。根据“children must understand their real needs and have time for free play. That can help them balance their activities.”可知，孩子们要选择自己需要的课外活动，避免太多的活动。故选A。 4．主旨大意题。根据“So as students, make sure you have as much time to relax and have fun as you do for after-school activities.”和全文可知，这篇文章建议孩子们在参加课外活动和放松玩耍之间找到平衡点，两者都要兼顾。故选B。 Passage 2 （24-25七年级上·北京海淀·期末） Colors can greatly influence (影响) our feelings, behavior, and thoughts. When planning a study space, understanding the effects (效果) of colors is important. Research by Kwallek shows that blue can help us think and learn better. Using blue in a study space can help us relax and stay focused for a longer time. Red can help us focus on details (细节). A study by Elliot found that red can help us do better on tasks that need attention to details. Too much red can feel like a lot, but adding this color in study places in a smart way, like having some red flowers, can help people focus better. Green, as the color of nature, has a relaxing effect. Adding plants to your study space can create (创造) a peaceful mind, leading to a more enjoyable and effective studying experience. The color yellow helps us become more innovative. A study by Hemphill found that yellow can help us think up new ideas. Adding yellow in a study place can encourage our new thinking. However, too much yellow may make you feel uncomfortable. Right use of colors in different sections of a study space can make a difference. For example, calming colors like blue or green can be used in relaxation corners, while brighter colors like yellow or red can be used in active study sections. The effects of colors are also connected (联系) to lighting in a study place. Research by Fotios highlights that both color and lighting are important for eye comfort. We’d better use natural light and well-designed lighting that are friendly to eyes. While research shows that colors can influence us, personal likes are important too. The best study space is one that matches personal tastes. Alison prefers pink and green for her study area. She believes these colors give a sense of sweetness and help her focus better while studying. She painted the walls a light pink and added green plants for a touch of nature. By choosing colors that match her tastes, Alison created a comfortable space that can improve her learning experience. To design an effective study place, it’s important to think about personal likes, lighting, and color effects in different sections. 1．Which of the following colors can help us focus on details? A．Blue. B．Red. C．Green. D．Yellow. 2．The word “innovative” in Paragraph 3 probably means ________. A．creative B．active C．special D．beautiful 3．The writer probably agrees that ________. A．blue can bring more relaxation than green B．more colors should be used in a study place C．color effects can influence our personal tastes D．color effects have something to do with lighting 4．What is the writer’s main purpose (目的) in writing this passage? A．To introduce some studies on color effects. B．To help us solve home designing problems. C．To suggest how to choose colors for a study space. D．To show the connection between colors and health. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．D 4．C 【导语】本文主要讨论了不同颜色对学习空间的影响及其如何根据个人喜好和照明条件进行选择，以创造一个有效的学习环境。 1．细节理解题。根据“Red can help us focus on details (细节).”可知，红色可以帮助我们专注细节，故选B。 2．词义猜测题。根据“A study by Hemphill found that yellow can help us think up new ideas.”可知，黄色可以帮助我们想出新的想法，即黄色帮助我们变得更有创造力，所以innovative与creative“创造性的”义相近，故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据“The effects of colors are also connected (联系) to lighting in a study place.”可知，色彩效果与灯光有关，故选D。 4．推理判断题。根据“When planning a study space, understanding the effects (效果) of colors is important.”和“To design an effective study place, it’s important to think about personal likes, lighting, and color effects in different sections.”可知，作者的目的是建议如何为学习空间选择颜色。故选C。 话题2 健康 Passage 1 （23-24七年级上·北京丰台·期末） You read all the time. Sometimes you read just for fun. Other times you read for schoolwork. No matter what you are reading, what you read has meaning. You can connect to what you read. Making connections is important. It’s giving your brain (大脑) a place to store (储存) what you read. Your brain is like a box. The new information is kept in a safe place. You can think about it later. When you want to use the information, it’s there in your brain. The more connections you make, the better. If you have a lot of connections, your brain can work faster. If you have many ways to think about something, the information will be easier to find. There are different ways to connect when you read. ●Text-to-self (从文本到自我) This is when you realize (意识到) something you read in a story has happened to you in your own life. Usually, this kind of connection comes with the feelings you felt at that time. It may make you feel happy, afraid, or sad. ●Text-to-text This is when reading a story reminds (提醒) you about a story you read before. You may make connections that show how the books share the same writer, have similar events (事件), or are on the same topic. A text-to-text connection happens when you can apply (应用) what you’ve read from one text to another. ●Text-to-world It reminds you of something you have seen happen to someone you know or have seen in the news. You connect what you are reading to real events, other people, and happenings going on in the world. You learn about the world from what you see or hear on TV, movies, magazines, and newspapers. When you can use what you have learnt through these ways to increase (提高) your understanding of the text, effective (有效的) text-to-world connections happen. All in all, like other reading skills, making connections with the text will help you increase the understanding, build up the confidence (自信) and become more interested in reading. 1．If you have a lot of connections, ________. A．your brain can work faster B．you will read in many ways C．you will find information slowly D．your brain can store what you want 2．A text-to-self connection is when what you read reminds you of ________. A．something else you read B．something happened to you C．something you saw in the news D．something happened to someone else 3．How can we make an effective text-to-world connection according to (根据) the passage? A．By finding the feelings we had while reading. B．By telling others how the books share the same topic. C．By applying what we have read from one text to another. D．By using things learnt to increase our understanding of the text. 4．What is the writer’s main purpose (意图) in writing this passage? A．To introduce different kinds of books. B．To introduce the ways to build up confidence. C．To tell the readers to make connections to text. D．To tell the readers to connect themselves with others. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．D 4．C 【导语】本文主要讲述了阅读时建立联系的重要性以及如何建立联系。 1．细节理解题。根据“If you have a lot of connections, your brain can work faster.”可知，如果有很多联系的话，你的大脑就能快速地工作。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据“This is when you realize (意识到) something you read in a story has happened to you in your own life.”可知，这种联系能够让你联想到发生在自己身上的事情。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“When you can use what you have learnt through these ways to increase (提高) your understanding of the text, effective (有效的) text-to-world connections happen.”可知，当你能够用你学习到的东西提高你对文本的理解时，就可以有效地建立文本与世界的联系。故选D。 4．主旨大意题。根据“All in all, like other reading skills, making connections with the text will help you increase the understanding, build up the confidence (自信) and become more interested in reading.”以及全文可知，本文作者主要目的是希望大家能够与文本建立联系。故选C。 Passage 2 （24-25七年级上·北京丰台·期末） Have you ever grown a plant like tomatoes and beans that you can eat at home? It is called (被称为) homegrown produce (自产农产品), because you can grow it at your home. You don’t need lots of space (空间) to grow produce. You can grow it in a pot or in a window box. It’s just as good and just as fresh (新鲜的). You don’t have to wait for it to come on a boat or a plane for a long time. You can just go to your gardens and pick (摘) a load (批) of fresh peppers or tomatoes anytime. Think about what you can do with your homegrown produce. You can roast it or toast it. You can bake it or put it in a pie. Anyway, you can cook it in any way you like. Homegrown produce is fresh! Eating fresh produce is very important. You and your family can eat the green produce that you grow in the garden. That is good for your health. But how do people have more fresh produce to eat? Some people like a program (项目) called Plant a Row (行，排). Here is how this program works. People in this program usually plant two or more rows of plants. They plant one row of beans for their family and they plant the other row to give to a food bank (食物赈济处). If (如果) people don’t have enough food to eat, they can go to the food bank and get some food from others for free (免费的). Nowadays, some schools join the program. Students can grow their own produce at school. They will eat the fresh food, take some home and give some food to the food bank. If your class plants a garden, you will need some useful tools (工具). And your teacher may need to help you with the work. Take care of your garden and wait for the produce to grow. You will get more than you think. Growing fresh produce is a big job. You must wait for it to grow. But don’t give up! People will thank you for helping them eat healthily. 1．If we grow produce at home, ________. A．we need to have a large farm B．we can get it in our garden anytime C．we will spend more time in cooking it D．we should take part in a special program 2．What can we learn from the passage? A．Students can grow and eat fresh produce at school. B．Homegrown produce makes people eat more food. C．People can buy homegrown produce from banks. D．Growing fresh produce is relaxing and fun. 3．What is the writer’s main purpose (目的) in writing this passage? A．To tell people to eat healthily. B．To introduce a way of helping people. C．To show the benefits of homegrown produce. D．To ask more people to grow homegrown produce. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了自产农产品的优点，包括新鲜、健康、方便以及对社会的帮助，并鼓励人们种植自产农产品。 1．细节理解题。根据“ You can just go to your gardens and pick (摘) a load (批) of fresh peppers or tomatoes anytime.”可知，可以随时在自己的花园采摘在家种植的农产品，故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“Nowadays, some schools join the program. Students can grow their own produce at school. They will eat the fresh food, take some home and give some food to the food bank.”可知，学生可以在学校种植并食用新鲜的农产品，故选A。 3．写作意图题。通读全文，文章主要聚焦于自产农产品的优点，如新鲜、健康，还有通过Plant a Row项目帮助更多人获得健康食物，因此主要目的是展示自家种植农产品的好处，故选C。 话题3 科学知识 Passage 1 （24-25七年级上·北京房山·期末） Do you think that the right colour of your bedroom can help you sleep well? It might sound surprising at first, but it’s true. Here are some ideas about how the colours of bedrooms affect (影响) people’s sleep. First of all, please be careful with black. It not only makes the room look smaller than it actually is, but also gives people a feeling of darkness (黑暗). Black helps you fall asleep at night, but it cannot make you feel motivated in the morning, that means you don’t want to get up. If you really like dark colours, you can paint just one wall black instead of painting all four walls in that colour. Also, bright neon colours (霓虹色) should not be used in your bedroom. They’re full of life and energy, so having them in the bedroom makes it difficult for people to relax and fall asleep. However, light gray and cream are good choices because they are warm and help you relax before sleep. Besides, yellow and red are not your first choice for bedrooms. Yellow should be avoided (避免) because we often associate (联想) its brightness with the sun and mornings, which makes us feel excited. Sleeping in a lemon-yellow room at night can be a challenge (挑战). The same goes for red because it makes people feel that they cannot relax. It’s suitable (合适的) for places like gyms or family rooms where activity and warmth are needed. All in all, try to choose your bedroom colours well, and you’ll enjoy better sleep and create a nice and comfortable bedroom. 1．What does the underlined word “motivated” in Paragraph 3 most probably mean? A．cool B．active C．sad D．angry 2．What can we learn from the passage? A．Painting all four walls black can make the room look bigger. B．Red is suitable for a bedroom because it is full of life and energy. C．Light gray is a good choice for bedrooms because it can make you relax. D．Having bright neon colours in bedroom can help you have a good sleep. 3．Why does the writer write this passage? A．To tell people right colour of bedroom can help them sleep well. B．To give people some advice on how to paint houses well. C．To ask people to do exercises in the bedrooms to relax. D．To teach people how to make bedroom smaller. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 【导语】本文主要讨论了合适的卧室颜色如何帮助提升睡眠质量。 1．词义猜测题。根据上下文“Black helps you fall asleep at night, but it cannot make you feel motivated in the morning, that means you don’t want to get up.”可知，黑色虽然有助于晚上入睡，但早上会让人缺乏动力，不想起床。因此，motivated意为“积极的，活跃的”，与active同义。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“However, light gray and cream are good choices because they are warm and help you relax before sleep.”可知，浅灰色和奶油色都是不错的选择，因为它们能帮助你在睡前放松。故选C。 3．写作意图题。根据“It might sound surprising at first, but it’s true. Here are some ideas about how the colours of bedrooms affect (影响) people’s sleep.”可知，作者写这篇文章是为了告诉人们卧室的颜色可以帮助他们睡得更好，故选A。 Passage 2 （24-25七年级上·北京昌平·期末） Scientists find out that adults (成年人) often don’t think their small, nice acts very important. But those small acts of being nice really count. Two scientists, Margaret and Nick, write about an experiment in a special book on how people think and feel. They want to know, “How do children feel about being nice?” The two scientists do an experiment at a science museum in Chicago. They talk to 101 children visiting the museum with families and give each child two free pencils. Every pencil is special because there is the museum’s name on it. They can keep both, or they can do an act of kindness—giving one to a stranger (陌生人). Before they give away the pencil, the scientists ask the children to guess the strangers’ feelings. Will they be happy, or will they not care much? Many children don’t know the answer. Some children say they want to give away the pencil, but they are not sure how the strangers will feel. After the experiment, the scientists get happy results. The strangers are really surprised after getting pencils! One of them says to a child, “You can give the pencil to anyone, but you give it to me. It makes me happy and excited.” The children also feel good about doing something nice. This experiment shows that doing something nice can make both the giver and the receiver (接受者) feel happy. Nick hopes this will make children want to be nice more often. They can do some small things like saying hi, holding the door for someone, or saying something nice. He says everyone likes getting these little acts of kindness, so we should do them for others too. 1．The underlined word “count” in Paragraph 1 probably means _________. A．shape B．stop C．matter D．begin 2．What do Margaret and Nick ask the children to do? A．Do a class project. B．Share special pencils. C．Introduce the museum. D．Remember their names. 3．What does the experiment show? A．Adults learn to be polite by doing small things. B．Getting gifts makes adults want to be kind often. C．Children have talent guessing out how others feel. D．People are glad to get something nice from others. 4．The writer probably agrees that _________. A．adults have a lot to learn from children B．visiting museums brings people happiness C．giving is a great way to build up friendship D．small acts of kindness make a day different 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．D 4．D 【导语】本文通过科学家在实验中的发现，强调小小的善举的重要性，并展示了它如何让双方都感到愉快，旨在倡导人们多做善良的行为，哪怕是小事。 1．词义猜测题。根据上下文“But those small acts of being nice really count.”可知，此处是指小小的善良行为“很重要”，与“matter”意思相近。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“They can keep both, or they can do an act of kindness—giving one to a stranger (陌生人).”可知，科学家要求孩子们分享特殊的铅笔。故选B。 3．推理判断题。根据实验中陌生人高兴地反应以及孩子们也乐在其中的描述可知，这个实验表明人们喜欢获得来自他人的友好行为。故选D。 4．主旨大意题。根据最后一段“He says everyone likes getting these little acts of kindness, so we should do them for others too.”可知，作者强调小小的善举能够让一天变得美好。故选D。 Passage 3 （24-25七年级上·北京门头沟·期末） Do you want to grow plants in your home during the cold weather? If so, you may want to use some plants to make your home smell nice. We are talking about rosemary (迷迭香) and bay laurel (月桂). Both plants have good smell and it’s easy for you to plant them inside your home. You just put them near a window in the cold weather. As long as the temperature (温度) is warm in your house and you keep watering them, they will grow well. Both rosemary and bay laurel come from the warm places of the world. The area is cool but not cold during winter because it gets lots of sunlight. For rosemary, water level is very important. You can’t water it too much. The plant needs a little wet soil (土壤). But too much water will injure the plant. It will grow slowly or even die. You can plant rosemary in the soil with some sand. The sand doesn’t keep much water, so this kind of soil will be the best place for rosemary to grow. If you want to grow bay laurel inside, you can cut unwanted branches (枝杈) from the plant as it grows and make it look like a small tree. The plant will not die if you do this. Bay laurel has dark green leaves. It produces a nice smell when you cut its leaves. When you add them to the soup, it will taste better. Remember to wash the leaves before you put them into your dishes. So bay laurel is not only a plant, but also a kind of food. 1．Rosemary and bay laurel can ________. A．grow without water B．make your house warm C．live in the soil with ice D．make your room smell nice 2．What does the underlined (划线的) word “injure” mean in Paragraph 3? A．Protect. B．Save. C．Hurt. D．Hit. 3．What can you do to help bay laurel grow better like a small tree? A．Move it to a warm room. B．Give it a lot of water every day. C．Plant it in sand without soil. D．Cut off some of its long branches. 4．According to (根据) the passage, which of the following is right about bay laurel? A．It can make dishes taste better. B．It is just a kind of decoration. C．We can use it to draw pictures. D．It is a plant and has no other use. 5．Why does the writer write the passage? A．To call on people to do some gardening. B．To share two kinds of indoor plants in winter. C．To ask people to plant more plants at home. D．To tell us how to look for rosemary and bay laurel. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．D 4．A 5．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了迷迭香和月桂这两种适合在寒冷天气于家中种植的植物，详细地介绍了它们的气味特点、适合在家种植的条件、种植时需要注意的要点以及月桂的食用价值等内容。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“you may want to use some plants to make your home smell nice. We are talking about rosemary and bay laurel.”可知，迷迭香和月桂可以让房间闻起来很香。故选D。 2．词义猜测题。根据第三段“But too much water will injure the plant. It will grow slowly or even die.”可知，过多的水会使植物生长慢甚至死亡，据此可以推断划线单词“injure”意为“伤害”，与“hurt”同义。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据最后一段“If you want to grow bay laurel inside, you can cut unwanted branches from the plant as it grows and make it look like a small tree.”可知，为了让月桂长得像小树一样，可以剪掉它一些不需要的枝杈。故选D。 4．细节理解题。根据最后一段“When you add them to the soup, it will taste better.”可知，月桂能让菜肴尝起来更美味。故选A。 5．主旨大意题。根据“Do you want to grow plants in your home during the cold weather? ... We are talking about rosemary (迷迭香) and bay laurel (月桂).”及全文内容可知，文章是介绍两种适合冬季在家中种植的植物。故选B。 Passage 4 （24-25七年级上·北京大兴·期末） Feeling Too Busy? If you are like most people, you may feel very busy every day. In fact, you have more time than you think. Feeling busy is not just about how many jobs we have in a day. It’s also about how we think about time. We can’t change how many hours there are in a day. But we can change our perceptions of time. One important reason we think we don’t have time for things is that we keep saying to ourselves and others that we don’t have time. Sometimes it’s true that we don’t have enough time to do something. But often we just use “too busy” as an excuse (借口) when we don’t want to do something. And the more we say this, the worse (越糟) the problem is. If we can change how often we think about it, we can stop making the problem bigger. Here is a simple way to make the busy problem smaller: When we decide if (是否) we should do the thing, don’t start with the question “Do I have time for this?” Start with this question: “Do I want to do this?” Does it match what I like, my goals (目标), and my dreams? Is it the thing I like to do? If the answer is yes, just do it! This small change in how we think gives us something good: We will feel more in control (掌控). What we like, our goals, and our dreams are the rules for making decisions (决定). They give us reasons to do things (and not to do things). Time is not a rule. It doesn’t give us a reason to do things. It only gives us a reason not to do them. Sure, this won’t solve (解决) our busy problem completely. We will still have a lot of things to do and less (较少) time. But it can help us not let being busy control our decisions too much. If we always say we are busy when we don’t want to do things, it will seem like a much worse problem than it really is. If we put time in the right place, we won’t feel so bad. 1．The underlined word “perceptions” in Paragraph 2 probably means “________”. A．ideas B．wishes C．plans D．needs 2．According to the passage, we can know that ________. A．we can control our feeling of being busy by changing our way of thinking B．feeling busy is just about the number of jobs we have in a day C．our goals and dreams are not important for making decisions D．we should always say we have time for everything 3．What is the writer’s main purpose (主要目的) in writing this passage? A．To complain (抱怨) about being too busy. B．To tell us why we feel so busy every day. C．To show that being busy is a bad thing. D．To tell us how to feel less busy. 【答案】1．A 2．A 3．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了如何使自己感觉不是很忙的方法。 1．词句猜测题。后文“But we can change our perceptions of time.”是对前文“We can’t change how many hours there are in a day.”的转折，从中可知我们不能改变一天有多少小时这个事实，但我们可以改变对时间的看法。A项“ideas看法，观念”符合句意要求。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据“This small change in how we think gives us something good: We will feel more in control (掌控).”可知如果我们改变了我们的思考方式，在做一件事情之前问清自己想不想做，喜不喜欢做，这件事是否和目标或梦想有关，如果是就去做，这样的话，我们就能控制自己的忙碌感。故选A。 3．主旨大意题。第一自然段开篇讲述的是大多数人感到很忙，而事实上时间比你想象的多，后面的自然段主要告诉我们要通过改变对时间的看法，改变我们思考的方式从而使忙的问题变小。故选D。 Passage 5 （23-24七年级上·北京延庆·期末） Plants Crying in Pain Try to think about this: you sit down and begin to eat a tomato. Suddenly, the tomato starts to scream (尖叫)! This would never really happen. But a new study shows that plants make sounds when they are stressed. Scientists in Israel did the study. They used ultrasonic microphones to record (记录) the sounds of tomato plants in boxes. They listened to three groups of plants. The first two groups made sounds 30 to 50 times every hour. The third group only made the sound once every hour. “When tomatoes are not stressed at all, they are very quiet (安静的),” Lilach Hadany from the study team told CNN. Scientists believed that animals and insects may listen to the sounds. For example, the sound can tell them that the plant is stressed and not good for laying eggs (产卵) on. When an animal wants to eat plants, it can also use sound to choose which one to eat. The scientists also listened to other crops such as wheat (小麦) and corn. They also made more sounds when stressed. Scientists said the study can help farmers in the future. They can better take care of the crops by “hearing” how plants feel. 1．The third paragraph is mainly about ________. A．what the new study found B．where the sound comes from C．why scientists made the study D．how tomatoes find the sound 2．According to the scientists, by hearing the sounds, animals can ________. A．feel as stressed as the plants B．know when to help the plants rest C．find out the best plants to use or eat D．protect themselves from dangerous plants 3．The study may help the farmers ________ in the future. A．look after the crops better B．stay safe while planting C．talk to their crops easily D．get more wheat than corn 4．What can we learn from the passage? A．Crops may grow better when we touch them often. B．Farmers may eat more tomatoes after learning about the sound. C．Scientists may study the sound better after watching the plants. D．Tomatoes may make more sounds when we cut off their stems. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．A 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一项新的研究，即植物在感到压力时会发出声音。 1．段落大意题。分析第三段内容可知，本段主要介绍该项研究的发现，故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据“Scientists believed that animals and insects may listen to the sounds. For example, the sound can tell them that the plant is stressed and not good for laying eggs (产卵) on. When an animal wants to eat plants, it can also use sound to choose which one to eat.”可知，这种声音可以告诉动物们，植物受到了压力，不适合产卵。当动物想要吃植物时，它也可以用声音来选择吃哪一种。所以通过听到声音，动物可找出最适合使用或食用的植物。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“Scientists said the study can help farmers in the future. They can better take care of the crops by ‘hearing’ how plants feel.”可知，这项研究可以在未来帮助农民。他们可以通过“倾听”植物的感受来更好地照顾作物。故选A。 4．推理判断题。根据“When tomatoes are not stressed at all, they are very quiet (安静的)”可知，当番茄完全没有压力时，它们非常安静，由此推知，当我们切断番茄的茎时，它可能会发出更多的声音。故选D。 Passage 6 （24-25七年级上·北京朝阳·期末） Elephants shouldn’t be in captivity (圈养) Elephants are really fantastic animals. We now have good reasons to believe that they are some of the most clever and social animals around. This makes us think about how we should take care of them. In the past ten years, there have been stories about elephants with surprising skills. Scientists (科学家) have found that elephants are even cleverer than we used to think. Elephants in the wild show their intelligence (智慧) in many ways. For example, they remember where water holes (坑) are and go back there to drink later. They can use their trunks to reach food and water in hard-to-reach places. They might even know who they are. New studies tell us that wild elephants have many other special social skills. They talk to each other in different ways and make decisions together. They work together to solve problems. Also, elephants are very helpful to each other. Mothers and children stay together in families. They take care of each other’s babies and protect the young ones. What’s more, elephants have strong friendships. They are sad when one of them dies. When one elephant is sad, others try to make it happy. When they succeed (成功), they celebrate together. Some scientists think elephants shouldn’t be in captivity. Zoos can’t give them the right living environment like the wild. Their great intelligence means they need more space. We should think about setting them free. Keeping such clever animals in captivity is wrong. In the future, we might look back and be surprised that we ever did this. 1．What have scientists found in the past ten years? A．Elephants are more social than before. B．Elephants have the same skills as humans. C．Elephants are cleverer than we thought before. D．Elephants have the intelligence to make stories. 2．According to Paragraph 3, how do elephants show their intelligence? A．They can remember places with water. B．They can use their trunks to know weather. C．They build their homes in small water holes. D．They talk to other animals to know each other. 3．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．Zoos are the best homes for elephants. B．Elephants are helpful and friendly animals. C．Elephant babies live away from their mothers. D．Humans have strong friendships with elephants. 4．What is the writer’s main purpose in writing this passage? A．To call on people to set elephants free. B．To talk about the food problems of animals. C．To describe elephants’ influences on nature. D．To explain the reasons of studying elephants. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．B 4．A 【导语】本文主要讲述了大象是聪明的动物，它们有很强大的社交能力，作者号召人们释放它们。 1．细节理解题。根据“In the past ten years, there have been stories about elephants with surprising skills. Scientists (科学家) have found that elephants are even cleverer than we used to think.”可知，在过去的十年里，科学家发现大象比我们以前想象的要聪明。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“For example, they remember where water holes (坑) are and go back there to drink later.”可知，大象能记住有水的地方。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据“elephants are very helpful to each other”及“elephants have strong friendships”可知，大象是乐于助人、友好的动物。故选B。 4．主旨大意题。根据“We should think about setting them free.”及通读全文可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是为了呼吁人们释放大象。故选A。 话题4 其他 Passage 1 （24-25七年级上·北京石景山·期末） You and your family may have many plans to get together. It’s a great time to share stories and family history. Give one of these activities a try at your family get-together. You may have lots of fun. Family Tree Wall Create a big family tree to show on a wall. You can write all your family members on it. The family tree wall can give more information about your family. Family Cookbook Collect some favorite family recipes (菜谱)—from your own family or from your uncle or aunt. You can add some information like a photo of the family member or the dishes. The recipes can be a wonderful family cookbook. Memory Storytime It is a rare chance to hear interesting and funny stories about your family. As you don’t get this chance often, invite someone to make the story-telling a video. It’s a good way to keep memories (记忆). Trip to the Past You and your family can plan a trip to the old family house. You can take this chance to share family memories. This is a special activity when many members are from out-of-town. 1．Which activity can give more information of a family according to the writer? A．Family Tree Wall. B．Trip to the Past. C．Family Cookbook. D．Memory Storytime. 2．Which of the following is true about the family activities? A．It’s good to write a book about the storytime. B．It’s nice to make a family cookbook with photos. C．Old family houses are better for members in town. D．Family Tree Wall is hard to tell your family history. 3．What does the underlined word “rare” probably mean? A．Boring. B．Crazy. C．Unusual. D．Natural. 4．Which could be the best title of the passage? A．Long history memories to keep B．Fun family history activities to try C．Why to have family history activities D．When to have family history activities 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．C 4．B 【导语】本文介绍了一些可以尝试的有趣的家族历史活动，如制作家谱墙、收集家庭菜谱、讲述记忆故事和参观老宅。 1．细节理解题。根据“Family Tree Wall”部分提到的“The family tree wall can give more information about your family.”可知，家谱墙可以提供更多关于家庭的信息。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据“Family Cookbook”部分提到的“You can add some information like a photo of the family member or the dishes.”可知，制作带有照片的家庭菜谱是不错的选择。故选B。 3．词句猜测题。根据“Memory Storytime”部分提到的“It is a rare chance to hear interesting and funny stories about your family.”可知，这是一种不常有的机会，“rare”意为“不常见的”或“罕见的”。故选C。 4．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了一些可以尝试的有趣的家族历史活动，因此“Fun family history activities to try”是最合适的标题。故选B。 Passage 2 （24-25七年级上·北京东城·期末） In the past, most book clubs were for adults. But today many young people are starting their own book clubs. In these clubs, kids read the same book and then they meet to talk about it. When you are in a book club, the more you read, the better your reading skills (技巧) become. According to the Public Broadeasting Service website, reading books for a book club meeting helps students read more easily. Practising helps you read faster and in the right way. Reading also helps you learn new words and understand their meanings. Do you ever find it hard to finish the books you start? Joining a book club might help with this problem. Book club members are more likely to finish reading a book. Without finishing the book, you can’t talk about it at the meeting. With a group of friends waiting to talk about the book, you’ll want to read faster so you can join the conversation and share your thoughts. After all the reading you do in school, you may think you don’t want to join a book club. But book clubs are different. In many book clubs, each member (成员) takes a turn selecting (挑选) the book for the group to read. Reading about new or unknown topics leads to learning. This helps you learn about new things and find new writers. Book club meetings are a great place to practise listening and speaking in a respectful (尊重的) way. At book club meetings, members talk about the books they read. Sometimes members disagree. One person might share what he or she liked about the main character (角色) in a story. Another person might say they didn’t like that character. This can lead to interesting discussions. Being in a book club gives members a chance to share their thoughts and think about the views of others. Would you like to be in a book club? It is easy to start one. All you need are some other members and a place to meet. Being a member of a book club is good for you. It is also a lot of fun. Why not join or start a book club today? 1．Why do book club members usually finish their books? A．Because they want to get better grades. B．Because their teacher asks them to do so. C．Because their friends are waiting to talk about the book. D．Because they need to give the books back as soon as possible. 2．What can we learn from the passage? A．Book clubs help members select popular books. B．Book clubs make people disagree with each other easily. C．Book clubs are only for students with good reading skills. D．Book clubs help students listen, talk, and get along better. 3．Why did the writer write this passage? A．To teach how to start a book club. B．To get kids interested in book clubs. C．To give advice on how to read in a book club. D．To show how reading clubs can bring people together. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．B 【导语】本文主要阐述了加入读书俱乐部的理由。 1．细节理解题。根据“Book club members are more likely to finish reading a book. Without finishing the book, you can’t talk about it at the meeting. With a group of friends waiting to talk about the book, you’ll want to read faster so you can join the conversation and share your thoughts.”可知，许多人读完书才能谈论。许多朋友在等着谈论这本书。故选C。 2．推理判断题。根据“Book club meetings are a great place to practise listening and speaking in a respectful (尊重的) way. ”可知，读书俱乐部可以帮助学生听、讨论以及友好相处。故选D。 3．主旨大意题。通读全文后可知，作者介绍了加入读书俱乐部的好处，因此让孩子们对读书俱乐部感兴趣。故选B。 Passage 3 （24-25七年级上·北京西城·期末） Secrets can be part of our lives. They can be about good things or not-so-good things. People keep secrets for different reasons. Sometimes we keep our own secrets because we do not want others to know personal things about us. Other times, we keep our friends’ secrets to get their trust (信任). What Happens In Our Minds When We Keep Secrets? When we keep a secret, we must always watch what we say, and it can be very tiring! Sometimes, however, simply “not saying” is not enough; we might feel the need to tell a lie to cover up (掩饰) our secret. Then we find that the secret fills up our minds and we keep thinking about it over and over again. How Does Secret Keeping Influence Us? When we keep a secret from others, we often worry about carelessly making it known and end up feeling a lot of stress (压力). We cannot be our true selves around other people anymore, making us feel lonely or sad. Just like worrying about a test, keeping a secret can make us feel nervous, anxious, and even bring us health problems. However, there is another side to secrets. Keeping a shared secret with someone can strengthen the bond with that person. It can make us feel more connected to them. If (如果) you decide to share your secret with one of your friends, they will likely be happy that you told them. They might offer their help and support, and in the end, your friendship will grow stronger! ________ Secret keeping is something we learn as we grow. It is OK to have a secret or two. When a secret makes you feel bad and you cannot stop thinking about it, you can share the secret with someone you trust and get their thoughts and ideas. However, if a secret does not make you or anybody else feel bad, it is probably OK to keep it. There is no rule on when to keep or share a secret. It is your choice. 1．What do we know about secrets from the passage? A．Secrets are bad things about us. B．We keep secrets for the same reason. C．Keeping secrets sometimes makes us tired. 2．The words “strengthen the bond with” in Paragraph 4 are closest in meaning to ________. A．get us much closer to B．make us lose interest in C．help us grow stronger than 3．Which of the following would be the best heading for the last paragraph? A．Should I Share or Keep My Secret? B．How Can I Tell If a Secret Is Good? C．Is It a Must to Learn About Secret Keeping? 4．The writer probably agrees that ________. A．there’s no need to keep secrets from friends B．to keep a secret or not is your own decision C．sharing secrets with parents is a must for teenagers 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．A 4．B 【导语】本文主要讲述了保守秘密的好处和坏处，以及是否决定保守别人或自己的秘密是由自己决定的。 1．细节理解题。根据文中“When we keep a secret, we must always watch what we say, and it can be very tiring!”可知，保守秘密有时会让我们感觉很累。故选C。 2．词句猜测题。根据文中“Keeping a shared secret with someone can strengthen the bond with that person. It can make us feel more connected to them.”可知，和某人分享一个秘密可以让我们感觉和他们更亲近。选项A“让我们更接近”与划线部分意思相符。故选A。 3．最佳标题题。根据文中“When a secret makes you feel bad and you cannot stop thinking about it, you can share the secret with someone you trust and get their thoughts and ideas. However, if a secret does not make you or anybody else feel bad, it is probably OK to keep it.”及通读全段可知，本段主要介绍了分享秘密还是保守秘密的前提，并提出无论以哪种方式对待秘密是取决于自己的。选项A“我应该分享还是保守我的秘密？”符合题意。故选A。 4．推理判断题。根据文中“There is no rule on when to keep or share a secret. It is your choice.”可知，作者可能会同意保守秘密与否是你自己的决定这个观点。故选B。 Passage 4 （23-24七年级上·北京海淀·期末） Have you ever been asked to remember a list of words? If so, you might find that it’s easier to remember the very first words and the very last words on the list, but you cannot remember the middle part very clearly. This is because the “primacy effect” (首因效应) is at work. The primacy effect means that you tend to (倾向于) remember the very first and very last things on a list better than the things in the middle. ________ The main reason is that people tend to rehearse (默诵) things in order to remember them. This means people find it easier to remember what is shown early because they have practiced the beginning more than things in the middle. In one piece of research, when people are told not to rehearse or are not given enough time to rehearse, the primacy effect disappears. Another reason is related to attention span (注意力时长). People tend to pay attention at the beginning and at the end of the presentation (演讲) , and so things in the beginning are more likely to be remembered. Thinking back to the last conversation you had, the paragraph you read or the show you watched, you probably focused on both the beginning and the end, but in the middle zoned out at some points. Knowing the power of the primacy effect might help you a lot in life. If there is something that you want to stress: say it first, say it last, or both! This is when it is most likely to be remembered. As a student, you can change the order of the words on a list so that you can finally store everything to your long-term memory. Also, try paying attention to the difficult point at the beginning of your study and summarize each time span with another quick review of that point. So the next time you want to make a good impression, or prepare for an exam, remember to put the above to good use. 1．Which sentence can be put in the blank (空白处) in Paragraph 2? A．Then why is there the primacy effect? B．Then what is the primacy effect made of? C．Then how does the primacy effect work? D．Then where can you find the primacy effect? 2．The underlined words “zoned out” in Paragraph 3 probably mean “_________”. A．thought best B．lost attention C．found interest D．felt different 3．Which of the following would be the best title for the passage? A．Primacy Effect: a Trick to Get Full Marks B．Primacy Effect: a Reason for Life Success C．Primacy Effect: a Way to Remember Better D．Primacy Effect: a Skill for Communication 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了首因效应，产生首因效应的两个原因以及首因效应对我们的帮助。 1．推理判断题。根据第二段“The main reason is that people tend to rehearse (默诵) things in order to remember them.”可知，主要原因是人们为了记住事物倾向于默诵，故前面应该问原因。故选A。 2．词句猜测题。根据“Thinking back to the last conversation you had, the paragraph you read or the show you watched, you probably focused on both the beginning and the end, but in the middle zoned out at some points.”可知，回想你上次的谈话，你读的段落或者你看的节目，你可能关注开头和结尾，但是在中间的信息可能不会关注。故对于中间的信息关注度低。故选B。 3．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，本文主要是介绍对我们记忆有帮助的“首因效应”，是讲述了一个好的记忆方法。故选C。 $专题04 阅读理解-说明文4大常考话题 话题1 学校生活 话题3 科学知识 话题2 健康 话题4 其他 1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 话题1 学校生活 Passage 1 （24-25七年级上·北京通州·期末） Finding the Right Balance (平衡) in After-School Activities After-school activities are important for children’s growth. These activities help children find new interests and build skills. However, too many activities can make children feel bad. Rachel Cortese, a speech-language pathologist (病理学家), thinks that after-school activities can help children make friends and use up their energy (能量). When children do well in these activities, they often feel better about themselves. Taking part in the activities can also keep children away from dangerous behaviors (行为). On the other hand, doing too many after-school activities can hurt (伤害) children’s confidence. Susan Newman, a social psychologist (心理学家), thinks that if children try to do everything, they might not be good at anything. That can hurt their confidence. To avoid too many activities, children must understand their real needs and have time for free play. That can help them balance their activities. It’s great for children to try different activities, but it is important for them to find a balance. So as students, make sure you have as much time to relax and have fun as you do for after-school activities. 1．What is Paragraph 2 mainly about? A．Ways to help children find new after-school activities. B．Ideas on helping children do well in after-school activities. C．Bad things about after-school activities. D．Good things about after-school activities. 2．Susan Newman probably agrees (同意) that ________. A．children can be good at every after-school activity B．students should manage to do more after-school activities C．after-school activities can help children with their homework D．too many after-school activities are bad for children’s confidence 3．What does the word “avoid” in Paragraph 4 most probably mean? A．Keep children away from. B．Be interested in. C．Put more effort into. D．Help children with. 4．What is the writer’s main purpose (目的) in writing this passage? A．To ask children to take part in more after-school activities. B．To tell children to have both after-school activities and free time. C．To help children find more time to do after-school activities. D．To make children know all the after-school activities. 【答案】1．D 2．D 3．A 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了课外活动对孩子的成长很重要，但是课外活动并不是多多益善，孩子们要在参加课外活动和放松玩耍之间找到平衡点。 1．主旨大意题。根据“after-school activities can help children make friends and use up their energy.”，“When children do well in these activities, they often feel better about themselves.”和“Taking part in the activities can also keep children away from dangerous behaviors. ”可知，这些都是参加课外活动的好处。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据“Susan Newman, a social psychologist, thinks that if children try to do everything, they might not be good at anything. That can hurt their confidence.”可知，社会心理学家苏珊·纽曼认为，如果孩子试图做每件事，他们可能什么都不擅长。这会伤害他们的信心。故选D。 3．词句猜测题。根据“children must understand their real needs and have time for free play. That can help them balance their activities.”可知，孩子们要选择自己需要的课外活动，避免太多的活动。故选A。 4．主旨大意题。根据“So as students, make sure you have as much time to relax and have fun as you do for after-school activities.”和全文可知，这篇文章建议孩子们在参加课外活动和放松玩耍之间找到平衡点，两者都要兼顾。故选B。 Passage 2 （24-25七年级上·北京海淀·期末） Colors can greatly influence (影响) our feelings, behavior, and thoughts. When planning a study space, understanding the effects (效果) of colors is important. Research by Kwallek shows that blue can help us think and learn better. Using blue in a study space can help us relax and stay focused for a longer time. Red can help us focus on details (细节). A study by Elliot found that red can help us do better on tasks that need attention to details. Too much red can feel like a lot, but adding this color in study places in a smart way, like having some red flowers, can help people focus better. Green, as the color of nature, has a relaxing effect. Adding plants to your study space can create (创造) a peaceful mind, leading to a more enjoyable and effective studying experience. The color yellow helps us become more innovative. A study by Hemphill found that yellow can help us think up new ideas. Adding yellow in a study place can encourage our new thinking. However, too much yellow may make you feel uncomfortable. Right use of colors in different sections of a study space can make a difference. For example, calming colors like blue or green can be used in relaxation corners, while brighter colors like yellow or red can be used in active study sections. The effects of colors are also connected (联系) to lighting in a study place. Research by Fotios highlights that both color and lighting are important for eye comfort. We’d better use natural light and well-designed lighting that are friendly to eyes. While research shows that colors can influence us, personal likes are important too. The best study space is one that matches personal tastes. Alison prefers pink and green for her study area. She believes these colors give a sense of sweetness and help her focus better while studying. She painted the walls a light pink and added green plants for a touch of nature. By choosing colors that match her tastes, Alison created a comfortable space that can improve her learning experience. To design an effective study place, it’s important to think about personal likes, lighting, and color effects in different sections. 1．Which of the following colors can help us focus on details? A．Blue. B．Red. C．Green. D．Yellow. 2．The word “innovative” in Paragraph 3 probably means ________. A．creative B．active C．special D．beautiful 3．The writer probably agrees that ________. A．blue can bring more relaxation than green B．more colors should be used in a study place C．color effects can influence our personal tastes D．color effects have something to do with lighting 4．What is the writer’s main purpose (目的) in writing this passage? A．To introduce some studies on color effects. B．To help us solve home designing problems. C．To suggest how to choose colors for a study space. D．To show the connection between colors and health. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．D 4．C 【导语】本文主要讨论了不同颜色对学习空间的影响及其如何根据个人喜好和照明条件进行选择，以创造一个有效的学习环境。 1．细节理解题。根据“Red can help us focus on details (细节).”可知，红色可以帮助我们专注细节，故选B。 2．词义猜测题。根据“A study by Hemphill found that yellow can help us think up new ideas.”可知，黄色可以帮助我们想出新的想法，即黄色帮助我们变得更有创造力，所以innovative与creative“创造性的”义相近，故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据“The effects of colors are also connected (联系) to lighting in a study place.”可知，色彩效果与灯光有关，故选D。 4．推理判断题。根据“When planning a study space, understanding the effects (效果) of colors is important.”和“To design an effective study place, it’s important to think about personal likes, lighting, and color effects in different sections.”可知，作者的目的是建议如何为学习空间选择颜色。故选C。 话题2 健康 Passage 1 （23-24七年级上·北京丰台·期末） You read all the time. Sometimes you read just for fun. Other times you read for schoolwork. No matter what you are reading, what you read has meaning. You can connect to what you read. Making connections is important. It’s giving your brain (大脑) a place to store (储存) what you read. Your brain is like a box. The new information is kept in a safe place. You can think about it later. When you want to use the information, it’s there in your brain. The more connections you make, the better. If you have a lot of connections, your brain can work faster. If you have many ways to think about something, the information will be easier to find. There are different ways to connect when you read. ●Text-to-self (从文本到自我) This is when you realize (意识到) something you read in a story has happened to you in your own life. Usually, this kind of connection comes with the feelings you felt at that time. It may make you feel happy, afraid, or sad. ●Text-to-text This is when reading a story reminds (提醒) you about a story you read before. You may make connections that show how the books share the same writer, have similar events (事件), or are on the same topic. A text-to-text connection happens when you can apply (应用) what you’ve read from one text to another. ●Text-to-world It reminds you of something you have seen happen to someone you know or have seen in the news. You connect what you are reading to real events, other people, and happenings going on in the world. You learn about the world from what you see or hear on TV, movies, magazines, and newspapers. When you can use what you have learnt through these ways to increase (提高) your understanding of the text, effective (有效的) text-to-world connections happen. All in all, like other reading skills, making connections with the text will help you increase the understanding, build up the confidence (自信) and become more interested in reading. 1．If you have a lot of connections, ________. A．your brain can work faster B．you will read in many ways C．you will find information slowly D．your brain can store what you want 2．A text-to-self connection is when what you read reminds you of ________. A．something else you read B．something happened to you C．something you saw in the news D．something happened to someone else 3．How can we make an effective text-to-world connection according to (根据) the passage? A．By finding the feelings we had while reading. B．By telling others how the books share the same topic. C．By applying what we have read from one text to another. D．By using things learnt to increase our understanding of the text. 4．What is the writer’s main purpose (意图) in writing this passage? A．To introduce different kinds of books. B．To introduce the ways to build up confidence. C．To tell the readers to make connections to text. D．To tell the readers to connect themselves with others. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．D 4．C 【导语】本文主要讲述了阅读时建立联系的重要性以及如何建立联系。 1．细节理解题。根据“If you have a lot of connections, your brain can work faster.”可知，如果有很多联系的话，你的大脑就能快速地工作。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据“This is when you realize (意识到) something you read in a story has happened to you in your own life.”可知，这种联系能够让你联想到发生在自己身上的事情。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“When you can use what you have learnt through these ways to increase (提高) your understanding of the text, effective (有效的) text-to-world connections happen.”可知，当你能够用你学习到的东西提高你对文本的理解时，就可以有效地建立文本与世界的联系。故选D。 4．主旨大意题。根据“All in all, like other reading skills, making connections with the text will help you increase the understanding, build up the confidence (自信) and become more interested in reading.”以及全文可知，本文作者主要目的是希望大家能够与文本建立联系。故选C。 Passage 2 （24-25七年级上·北京丰台·期末） Have you ever grown a plant like tomatoes and beans that you can eat at home? It is called (被称为) homegrown produce (自产农产品), because you can grow it at your home. You don’t need lots of space (空间) to grow produce. You can grow it in a pot or in a window box. It’s just as good and just as fresh (新鲜的). You don’t have to wait for it to come on a boat or a plane for a long time. You can just go to your gardens and pick (摘) a load (批) of fresh peppers or tomatoes anytime. Think about what you can do with your homegrown produce. You can roast it or toast it. You can bake it or put it in a pie. Anyway, you can cook it in any way you like. Homegrown produce is fresh! Eating fresh produce is very important. You and your family can eat the green produce that you grow in the garden. That is good for your health. But how do people have more fresh produce to eat? Some people like a program (项目) called Plant a Row (行，排). Here is how this program works. People in this program usually plant two or more rows of plants. They plant one row of beans for their family and they plant the other row to give to a food bank (食物赈济处). If (如果) people don’t have enough food to eat, they can go to the food bank and get some food from others for free (免费的). Nowadays, some schools join the program. Students can grow their own produce at school. They will eat the fresh food, take some home and give some food to the food bank. If your class plants a garden, you will need some useful tools (工具). And your teacher may need to help you with the work. Take care of your garden and wait for the produce to grow. You will get more than you think. Growing fresh produce is a big job. You must wait for it to grow. But don’t give up! People will thank you for helping them eat healthily. 1．If we grow produce at home, ________. A．we need to have a large farm B．we can get it in our garden anytime C．we will spend more time in cooking it D．we should take part in a special program 2．What can we learn from the passage? A．Students can grow and eat fresh produce at school. B．Homegrown produce makes people eat more food. C．People can buy homegrown produce from banks. D．Growing fresh produce is relaxing and fun. 3．What is the writer’s main purpose (目的) in writing this passage? A．To tell people to eat healthily. B．To introduce a way of helping people. C．To show the benefits of homegrown produce. D．To ask more people to grow homegrown produce. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了自产农产品的优点，包括新鲜、健康、方便以及对社会的帮助，并鼓励人们种植自产农产品。 1．细节理解题。根据“ You can just go to your gardens and pick (摘) a load (批) of fresh peppers or tomatoes anytime.”可知，可以随时在自己的花园采摘在家种植的农产品，故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“Nowadays, some schools join the program. Students can grow their own produce at school. They will eat the fresh food, take some home and give some food to the food bank.”可知，学生可以在学校种植并食用新鲜的农产品，故选A。 3．写作意图题。通读全文，文章主要聚焦于自产农产品的优点，如新鲜、健康，还有通过Plant a Row项目帮助更多人获得健康食物，因此主要目的是展示自家种植农产品的好处，故选C。 话题3 科学知识 Passage 1 （24-25七年级上·北京房山·期末） Do you think that the right colour of your bedroom can help you sleep well? It might sound surprising at first, but it’s true. Here are some ideas about how the colours of bedrooms affect (影响) people’s sleep. First of all, please be careful with black. It not only makes the room look smaller than it actually is, but also gives people a feeling of darkness (黑暗). Black helps you fall asleep at night, but it cannot make you feel motivated in the morning, that means you don’t want to get up. If you really like dark colours, you can paint just one wall black instead of painting all four walls in that colour. Also, bright neon colours (霓虹色) should not be used in your bedroom. They’re full of life and energy, so having them in the bedroom makes it difficult for people to relax and fall asleep. However, light gray and cream are good choices because they are warm and help you relax before sleep. Besides, yellow and red are not your first choice for bedrooms. Yellow should be avoided (避免) because we often associate (联想) its brightness with the sun and mornings, which makes us feel excited. Sleeping in a lemon-yellow room at night can be a challenge (挑战). The same goes for red because it makes people feel that they cannot relax. It’s suitable (合适的) for places like gyms or family rooms where activity and warmth are needed. All in all, try to choose your bedroom colours well, and you’ll enjoy better sleep and create a nice and comfortable bedroom. 1．What does the underlined word “motivated” in Paragraph 3 most probably mean? A．cool B．active C．sad D．angry 2．What can we learn from the passage? A．Painting all four walls black can make the room look bigger. B．Red is suitable for a bedroom because it is full of life and energy. C．Light gray is a good choice for bedrooms because it can make you relax. D．Having bright neon colours in bedroom can help you have a good sleep. 3．Why does the writer write this passage? A．To tell people right colour of bedroom can help them sleep well. B．To give people some advice on how to paint houses well. C．To ask people to do exercises in the bedrooms to relax. D．To teach people how to make bedroom smaller. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 【导语】本文主要讨论了合适的卧室颜色如何帮助提升睡眠质量。 1．词义猜测题。根据上下文“Black helps you fall asleep at night, but it cannot make you feel motivated in the morning, that means you don’t want to get up.”可知，黑色虽然有助于晚上入睡，但早上会让人缺乏动力，不想起床。因此，motivated意为“积极的，活跃的”，与active同义。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“However, light gray and cream are good choices because they are warm and help you relax before sleep.”可知，浅灰色和奶油色都是不错的选择，因为它们能帮助你在睡前放松。故选C。 3．写作意图题。根据“It might sound surprising at first, but it’s true. Here are some ideas about how the colours of bedrooms affect (影响) people’s sleep.”可知，作者写这篇文章是为了告诉人们卧室的颜色可以帮助他们睡得更好，故选A。 Passage 2 （24-25七年级上·北京昌平·期末） Scientists find out that adults (成年人) often don’t think their small, nice acts very important. But those small acts of being nice really count. Two scientists, Margaret and Nick, write about an experiment in a special book on how people think and feel. They want to know, “How do children feel about being nice?” The two scientists do an experiment at a science museum in Chicago. They talk to 101 children visiting the museum with families and give each child two free pencils. Every pencil is special because there is the museum’s name on it. They can keep both, or they can do an act of kindness—giving one to a stranger (陌生人). Before they give away the pencil, the scientists ask the children to guess the strangers’ feelings. Will they be happy, or will they not care much? Many children don’t know the answer. Some children say they want to give away the pencil, but they are not sure how the strangers will feel. After the experiment, the scientists get happy results. The strangers are really surprised after getting pencils! One of them says to a child, “You can give the pencil to anyone, but you give it to me. It makes me happy and excited.” The children also feel good about doing something nice. This experiment shows that doing something nice can make both the giver and the receiver (接受者) feel happy. Nick hopes this will make children want to be nice more often. They can do some small things like saying hi, holding the door for someone, or saying something nice. He says everyone likes getting these little acts of kindness, so we should do them for others too. 1．The underlined word “count” in Paragraph 1 probably means _________. A．shape B．stop C．matter D．begin 2．What do Margaret and Nick ask the children to do? A．Do a class project. B．Share special pencils. C．Introduce the museum. D．Remember their names. 3．What does the experiment show? A．Adults learn to be polite by doing small things. B．Getting gifts makes adults want to be kind often. C．Children have talent guessing out how others feel. D．People are glad to get something nice from others. 4．The writer probably agrees that _________. A．adults have a lot to learn from children B．visiting museums brings people happiness C．giving is a great way to build up friendship D．small acts of kindness make a day different 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．D 4．D 【导语】本文通过科学家在实验中的发现，强调小小的善举的重要性，并展示了它如何让双方都感到愉快，旨在倡导人们多做善良的行为，哪怕是小事。 1．词义猜测题。根据上下文“But those small acts of being nice really count.”可知，此处是指小小的善良行为“很重要”，与“matter”意思相近。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“They can keep both, or they can do an act of kindness—giving one to a stranger (陌生人).”可知，科学家要求孩子们分享特殊的铅笔。故选B。 3．推理判断题。根据实验中陌生人高兴地反应以及孩子们也乐在其中的描述可知，这个实验表明人们喜欢获得来自他人的友好行为。故选D。 4．主旨大意题。根据最后一段“He says everyone likes getting these little acts of kindness, so we should do them for others too.”可知，作者强调小小的善举能够让一天变得美好。故选D。 Passage 3 （24-25七年级上·北京门头沟·期末） Do you want to grow plants in your home during the cold weather? If so, you may want to use some plants to make your home smell nice. We are talking about rosemary (迷迭香) and bay laurel (月桂). Both plants have good smell and it’s easy for you to plant them inside your home. You just put them near a window in the cold weather. As long as the temperature (温度) is warm in your house and you keep watering them, they will grow well. Both rosemary and bay laurel come from the warm places of the world. The area is cool but not cold during winter because it gets lots of sunlight. For rosemary, water level is very important. You can’t water it too much. The plant needs a little wet soil (土壤). But too much water will injure the plant. It will grow slowly or even die. You can plant rosemary in the soil with some sand. The sand doesn’t keep much water, so this kind of soil will be the best place for rosemary to grow. If you want to grow bay laurel inside, you can cut unwanted branches (枝杈) from the plant as it grows and make it look like a small tree. The plant will not die if you do this. Bay laurel has dark green leaves. It produces a nice smell when you cut its leaves. When you add them to the soup, it will taste better. Remember to wash the leaves before you put them into your dishes. So bay laurel is not only a plant, but also a kind of food. 1．Rosemary and bay laurel can ________. A．grow without water B．make your house warm C．live in the soil with ice D．make your room smell nice 2．What does the underlined (划线的) word “injure” mean in Paragraph 3? A．Protect. B．Save. C．Hurt. D．Hit. 3．What can you do to help bay laurel grow better like a small tree? A．Move it to a warm room. B．Give it a lot of water every day. C．Plant it in sand without soil. D．Cut off some of its long branches. 4．According to (根据) the passage, which of the following is right about bay laurel? A．It can make dishes taste better. B．It is just a kind of decoration. C．We can use it to draw pictures. D．It is a plant and has no other use. 5．Why does the writer write the passage? A．To call on people to do some gardening. B．To share two kinds of indoor plants in winter. C．To ask people to plant more plants at home. D．To tell us how to look for rosemary and bay laurel. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．D 4．A 5．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了迷迭香和月桂这两种适合在寒冷天气于家中种植的植物，详细地介绍了它们的气味特点、适合在家种植的条件、种植时需要注意的要点以及月桂的食用价值等内容。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“you may want to use some plants to make your home smell nice. We are talking about rosemary and bay laurel.”可知，迷迭香和月桂可以让房间闻起来很香。故选D。 2．词义猜测题。根据第三段“But too much water will injure the plant. It will grow slowly or even die.”可知，过多的水会使植物生长慢甚至死亡，据此可以推断划线单词“injure”意为“伤害”，与“hurt”同义。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据最后一段“If you want to grow bay laurel inside, you can cut unwanted branches from the plant as it grows and make it look like a small tree.”可知，为了让月桂长得像小树一样，可以剪掉它一些不需要的枝杈。故选D。 4．细节理解题。根据最后一段“When you add them to the soup, it will taste better.”可知，月桂能让菜肴尝起来更美味。故选A。 5．主旨大意题。根据“Do you want to grow plants in your home during the cold weather? ... We are talking about rosemary (迷迭香) and bay laurel (月桂).”及全文内容可知，文章是介绍两种适合冬季在家中种植的植物。故选B。 Passage 4 （24-25七年级上·北京大兴·期末） Feeling Too Busy? If you are like most people, you may feel very busy every day. In fact, you have more time than you think. Feeling busy is not just about how many jobs we have in a day. It’s also about how we think about time. We can’t change how many hours there are in a day. But we can change our perceptions of time. One important reason we think we don’t have time for things is that we keep saying to ourselves and others that we don’t have time. Sometimes it’s true that we don’t have enough time to do something. But often we just use “too busy” as an excuse (借口) when we don’t want to do something. And the more we say this, the worse (越糟) the problem is. If we can change how often we think about it, we can stop making the problem bigger. Here is a simple way to make the busy problem smaller: When we decide if (是否) we should do the thing, don’t start with the question “Do I have time for this?” Start with this question: “Do I want to do this?” Does it match what I like, my goals (目标), and my dreams? Is it the thing I like to do? If the answer is yes, just do it! This small change in how we think gives us something good: We will feel more in control (掌控). What we like, our goals, and our dreams are the rules for making decisions (决定). They give us reasons to do things (and not to do things). Time is not a rule. It doesn’t give us a reason to do things. It only gives us a reason not to do them. Sure, this won’t solve (解决) our busy problem completely. We will still have a lot of things to do and less (较少) time. But it can help us not let being busy control our decisions too much. If we always say we are busy when we don’t want to do things, it will seem like a much worse problem than it really is. If we put time in the right place, we won’t feel so bad. 1．The underlined word “perceptions” in Paragraph 2 probably means “________”. A．ideas B．wishes C．plans D．needs 2．According to the passage, we can know that ________. A．we can control our feeling of being busy by changing our way of thinking B．feeling busy is just about the number of jobs we have in a day C．our goals and dreams are not important for making decisions D．we should always say we have time for everything 3．What is the writer’s main purpose (主要目的) in writing this passage? A．To complain (抱怨) about being too busy. B．To tell us why we feel so busy every day. C．To show that being busy is a bad thing. D．To tell us how to feel less busy. 【答案】1．A 2．A 3．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了如何使自己感觉不是很忙的方法。 1．词句猜测题。后文“But we can change our perceptions of time.”是对前文“We can’t change how many hours there are in a day.”的转折，从中可知我们不能改变一天有多少小时这个事实，但我们可以改变对时间的看法。A项“ideas看法，观念”符合句意要求。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据“This small change in how we think gives us something good: We will feel more in control (掌控).”可知如果我们改变了我们的思考方式，在做一件事情之前问清自己想不想做，喜不喜欢做，这件事是否和目标或梦想有关，如果是就去做，这样的话，我们就能控制自己的忙碌感。故选A。 3．主旨大意题。第一自然段开篇讲述的是大多数人感到很忙，而事实上时间比你想象的多，后面的自然段主要告诉我们要通过改变对时间的看法，改变我们思考的方式从而使忙的问题变小。故选D。 Passage 5 （23-24七年级上·北京延庆·期末） Plants Crying in Pain Try to think about this: you sit down and begin to eat a tomato. Suddenly, the tomato starts to scream (尖叫)! This would never really happen. But a new study shows that plants make sounds when they are stressed. Scientists in Israel did the study. They used ultrasonic microphones to record (记录) the sounds of tomato plants in boxes. They listened to three groups of plants. The first two groups made sounds 30 to 50 times every hour. The third group only made the sound once every hour. “When tomatoes are not stressed at all, they are very quiet (安静的),” Lilach Hadany from the study team told CNN. Scientists believed that animals and insects may listen to the sounds. For example, the sound can tell them that the plant is stressed and not good for laying eggs (产卵) on. When an animal wants to eat plants, it can also use sound to choose which one to eat. The scientists also listened to other crops such as wheat (小麦) and corn. They also made more sounds when stressed. Scientists said the study can help farmers in the future. They can better take care of the crops by “hearing” how plants feel. 1．The third paragraph is mainly about ________. A．what the new study found B．where the sound comes from C．why scientists made the study D．how tomatoes find the sound 2．According to the scientists, by hearing the sounds, animals can ________. A．feel as stressed as the plants B．know when to help the plants rest C．find out the best plants to use or eat D．protect themselves from dangerous plants 3．The study may help the farmers ________ in the future. A．look after the crops better B．stay safe while planting C．talk to their crops easily D．get more wheat than corn 4．What can we learn from the passage? A．Crops may grow better when we touch them often. B．Farmers may eat more tomatoes after learning about the sound. C．Scientists may study the sound better after watching the plants. D．Tomatoes may make more sounds when we cut off their stems. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．A 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一项新的研究，即植物在感到压力时会发出声音。 1．段落大意题。分析第三段内容可知，本段主要介绍该项研究的发现，故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据“Scientists believed that animals and insects may listen to the sounds. For example, the sound can tell them that the plant is stressed and not good for laying eggs (产卵) on. When an animal wants to eat plants, it can also use sound to choose which one to eat.”可知，这种声音可以告诉动物们，植物受到了压力，不适合产卵。当动物想要吃植物时，它也可以用声音来选择吃哪一种。所以通过听到声音，动物可找出最适合使用或食用的植物。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“Scientists said the study can help farmers in the future. They can better take care of the crops by ‘hearing’ how plants feel.”可知，这项研究可以在未来帮助农民。他们可以通过“倾听”植物的感受来更好地照顾作物。故选A。 4．推理判断题。根据“When tomatoes are not stressed at all, they are very quiet (安静的)”可知，当番茄完全没有压力时，它们非常安静，由此推知，当我们切断番茄的茎时，它可能会发出更多的声音。故选D。 Passage 6 （24-25七年级上·北京朝阳·期末） Elephants shouldn’t be in captivity (圈养) Elephants are really fantastic animals. We now have good reasons to believe that they are some of the most clever and social animals around. This makes us think about how we should take care of them. In the past ten years, there have been stories about elephants with surprising skills. Scientists (科学家) have found that elephants are even cleverer than we used to think. Elephants in the wild show their intelligence (智慧) in many ways. For example, they remember where water holes (坑) are and go back there to drink later. They can use their trunks to reach food and water in hard-to-reach places. They might even know who they are. New studies tell us that wild elephants have many other special social skills. They talk to each other in different ways and make decisions together. They work together to solve problems. Also, elephants are very helpful to each other. Mothers and children stay together in families. They take care of each other’s babies and protect the young ones. What’s more, elephants have strong friendships. They are sad when one of them dies. When one elephant is sad, others try to make it happy. When they succeed (成功), they celebrate together. Some scientists think elephants shouldn’t be in captivity. Zoos can’t give them the right living environment like the wild. Their great intelligence means they need more space. We should think about setting them free. Keeping such clever animals in captivity is wrong. In the future, we might look back and be surprised that we ever did this. 1．What have scientists found in the past ten years? A．Elephants are more social than before. B．Elephants have the same skills as humans. C．Elephants are cleverer than we thought before. D．Elephants have the intelligence to make stories. 2．According to Paragraph 3, how do elephants show their intelligence? A．They can remember places with water. B．They can use their trunks to know weather. C．They build their homes in small water holes. D．They talk to other animals to know each other. 3．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．Zoos are the best homes for elephants. B．Elephants are helpful and friendly animals. C．Elephant babies live away from their mothers. D．Humans have strong friendships with elephants. 4．What is the writer’s main purpose in writing this passage? A．To call on people to set elephants free. B．To talk about the food problems of animals. C．To describe elephants’ influences on nature. D．To explain the reasons of studying elephants. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．B 4．A 【导语】本文主要讲述了大象是聪明的动物，它们有很强大的社交能力，作者号召人们释放它们。 1．细节理解题。根据“In the past ten years, there have been stories about elephants with surprising skills. Scientists (科学家) have found that elephants are even cleverer than we used to think.”可知，在过去的十年里，科学家发现大象比我们以前想象的要聪明。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“For example, they remember where water holes (坑) are and go back there to drink later.”可知，大象能记住有水的地方。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据“elephants are very helpful to each other”及“elephants have strong friendships”可知，大象是乐于助人、友好的动物。故选B。 4．主旨大意题。根据“We should think about setting them free.”及通读全文可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是为了呼吁人们释放大象。故选A。 话题4 其他 Passage 1 （24-25七年级上·北京石景山·期末） You and your family may have many plans to get together. It’s a great time to share stories and family history. Give one of these activities a try at your family get-together. You may have lots of fun. Family Tree Wall Create a big family tree to show on a wall. You can write all your family members on it. The family tree wall can give more information about your family. Family Cookbook Collect some favorite family recipes (菜谱)—from your own family or from your uncle or aunt. You can add some information like a photo of the family member or the dishes. The recipes can be a wonderful family cookbook. Memory Storytime It is a rare chance to hear interesting and funny stories about your family. As you don’t get this chance often, invite someone to make the story-telling a video. It’s a good way to keep memories (记忆). Trip to the Past You and your family can plan a trip to the old family house. You can take this chance to share family memories. This is a special activity when many members are from out-of-town. 1．Which activity can give more information of a family according to the writer? A．Family Tree Wall. B．Trip to the Past. C．Family Cookbook. D．Memory Storytime. 2．Which of the following is true about the family activities? A．It’s good to write a book about the storytime. B．It’s nice to make a family cookbook with photos. C．Old family houses are better for members in town. D．Family Tree Wall is hard to tell your family history. 3．What does the underlined word “rare” probably mean? A．Boring. B．Crazy. C．Unusual. D．Natural. 4．Which could be the best title of the passage? A．Long history memories to keep B．Fun family history activities to try C．Why to have family history activities D．When to have family history activities 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．C 4．B 【导语】本文介绍了一些可以尝试的有趣的家族历史活动，如制作家谱墙、收集家庭菜谱、讲述记忆故事和参观老宅。 1．细节理解题。根据“Family Tree Wall”部分提到的“The family tree wall can give more information about your family.”可知，家谱墙可以提供更多关于家庭的信息。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据“Family Cookbook”部分提到的“You can add some information like a photo of the family member or the dishes.”可知，制作带有照片的家庭菜谱是不错的选择。故选B。 3．词句猜测题。根据“Memory Storytime”部分提到的“It is a rare chance to hear interesting and funny stories about your family.”可知，这是一种不常有的机会，“rare”意为“不常见的”或“罕见的”。故选C。 4．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了一些可以尝试的有趣的家族历史活动，因此“Fun family history activities to try”是最合适的标题。故选B。 Passage 2 （24-25七年级上·北京东城·期末） In the past, most book clubs were for adults. But today many young people are starting their own book clubs. In these clubs, kids read the same book and then they meet to talk about it. When you are in a book club, the more you read, the better your reading skills (技巧) become. According to the Public Broadeasting Service website, reading books for a book club meeting helps students read more easily. Practising helps you read faster and in the right way. Reading also helps you learn new words and understand their meanings. Do you ever find it hard to finish the books you start? Joining a book club might help with this problem. Book club members are more likely to finish reading a book. Without finishing the book, you can’t talk about it at the meeting. With a group of friends waiting to talk about the book, you’ll want to read faster so you can join the conversation and share your thoughts. After all the reading you do in school, you may think you don’t want to join a book club. But book clubs are different. In many book clubs, each member (成员) takes a turn selecting (挑选) the book for the group to read. Reading about new or unknown topics leads to learning. This helps you learn about new things and find new writers. Book club meetings are a great place to practise listening and speaking in a respectful (尊重的) way. At book club meetings, members talk about the books they read. Sometimes members disagree. One person might share what he or she liked about the main character (角色) in a story. Another person might say they didn’t like that character. This can lead to interesting discussions. Being in a book club gives members a chance to share their thoughts and think about the views of others. Would you like to be in a book club? It is easy to start one. All you need are some other members and a place to meet. Being a member of a book club is good for you. It is also a lot of fun. Why not join or start a book club today? 1．Why do book club members usually finish their books? A．Because they want to get better grades. B．Because their teacher asks them to do so. C．Because their friends are waiting to talk about the book. D．Because they need to give the books back as soon as possible. 2．What can we learn from the passage? A．Book clubs help members select popular books. B．Book clubs make people disagree with each other easily. C．Book clubs are only for students with good reading skills. D．Book clubs help students listen, talk, and get along better. 3．Why did the writer write this passage? A．To teach how to start a book club. B．To get kids interested in book clubs. C．To give advice on how to read in a book club. D．To show how reading clubs can bring people together. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．B 【导语】本文主要阐述了加入读书俱乐部的理由。 1．细节理解题。根据“Book club members are more likely to finish reading a book. Without finishing the book, you can’t talk about it at the meeting. With a group of friends waiting to talk about the book, you’ll want to read faster so you can join the conversation and share your thoughts.”可知，许多人读完书才能谈论。许多朋友在等着谈论这本书。故选C。 2．推理判断题。根据“Book club meetings are a great place to practise listening and speaking in a respectful (尊重的) way. ”可知，读书俱乐部可以帮助学生听、讨论以及友好相处。故选D。 3．主旨大意题。通读全文后可知，作者介绍了加入读书俱乐部的好处，因此让孩子们对读书俱乐部感兴趣。故选B。 Passage 3 （24-25七年级上·北京西城·期末） Secrets can be part of our lives. They can be about good things or not-so-good things. People keep secrets for different reasons. Sometimes we keep our own secrets because we do not want others to know personal things about us. Other times, we keep our friends’ secrets to get their trust (信任). What Happens In Our Minds When We Keep Secrets? When we keep a secret, we must always watch what we say, and it can be very tiring! Sometimes, however, simply “not saying” is not enough; we might feel the need to tell a lie to cover up (掩饰) our secret. Then we find that the secret fills up our minds and we keep thinking about it over and over again. How Does Secret Keeping Influence Us? When we keep a secret from others, we often worry about carelessly making it known and end up feeling a lot of stress (压力). We cannot be our true selves around other people anymore, making us feel lonely or sad. Just like worrying about a test, keeping a secret can make us feel nervous, anxious, and even bring us health problems. However, there is another side to secrets. Keeping a shared secret with someone can strengthen the bond with that person. It can make us feel more connected to them. If (如果) you decide to share your secret with one of your friends, they will likely be happy that you told them. They might offer their help and support, and in the end, your friendship will grow stronger! ________ Secret keeping is something we learn as we grow. It is OK to have a secret or two. When a secret makes you feel bad and you cannot stop thinking about it, you can share the secret with someone you trust and get their thoughts and ideas. However, if a secret does not make you or anybody else feel bad, it is probably OK to keep it. There is no rule on when to keep or share a secret. It is your choice. 1．What do we know about secrets from the passage? A．Secrets are bad things about us. B．We keep secrets for the same reason. C．Keeping secrets sometimes makes us tired. 2．The words “strengthen the bond with” in Paragraph 4 are closest in meaning to ________. A．get us much closer to B．make us lose interest in C．help us grow stronger than 3．Which of the following would be the best heading for the last paragraph? A．Should I Share or Keep My Secret? B．How Can I Tell If a Secret Is Good? C．Is It a Must to Learn About Secret Keeping? 4．The writer probably agrees that ________. A．there’s no need to keep secrets from friends B．to keep a secret or not is your own decision C．sharing secrets with parents is a must for teenagers 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．A 4．B 【导语】本文主要讲述了保守秘密的好处和坏处，以及是否决定保守别人或自己的秘密是由自己决定的。 1．细节理解题。根据文中“When we keep a secret, we must always watch what we say, and it can be very tiring!”可知，保守秘密有时会让我们感觉很累。故选C。 2．词句猜测题。根据文中“Keeping a shared secret with someone can strengthen the bond with that person. It can make us feel more connected to them.”可知，和某人分享一个秘密可以让我们感觉和他们更亲近。选项A“让我们更接近”与划线部分意思相符。故选A。 3．最佳标题题。根据文中“When a secret makes you feel bad and you cannot stop thinking about it, you can share the secret with someone you trust and get their thoughts and ideas. However, if a secret does not make you or anybody else feel bad, it is probably OK to keep it.”及通读全段可知，本段主要介绍了分享秘密还是保守秘密的前提，并提出无论以哪种方式对待秘密是取决于自己的。选项A“我应该分享还是保守我的秘密？”符合题意。故选A。 4．推理判断题。根据文中“There is no rule on when to keep or share a secret. It is your choice.”可知，作者可能会同意保守秘密与否是你自己的决定这个观点。故选B。 Passage 4 （23-24七年级上·北京海淀·期末） Have you ever been asked to remember a list of words? If so, you might find that it’s easier to remember the very first words and the very last words on the list, but you cannot remember the middle part very clearly. This is because the “primacy effect” (首因效应) is at work. The primacy effect means that you tend to (倾向于) remember the very first and very last things on a list better than the things in the middle. ________ The main reason is that people tend to rehearse (默诵) things in order to remember them. This means people find it easier to remember what is shown early because they have practiced the beginning more than things in the middle. In one piece of research, when people are told not to rehearse or are not given enough time to rehearse, the primacy effect disappears. Another reason is related to attention span (注意力时长). People tend to pay attention at the beginning and at the end of the presentation (演讲) , and so things in the beginning are more likely to be remembered. Thinking back to the last conversation you had, the paragraph you read or the show you watched, you probably focused on both the beginning and the end, but in the middle zoned out at some points. Knowing the power of the primacy effect might help you a lot in life. If there is something that you want to stress: say it first, say it last, or both! This is when it is most likely to be remembered. As a student, you can change the order of the words on a list so that you can finally store everything to your long-term memory. Also, try paying attention to the difficult point at the beginning of your study and summarize each time span with another quick review of that point. So the next time you want to make a good impression, or prepare for an exam, remember to put the above to good use. 1．Which sentence can be put in the blank (空白处) in Paragraph 2? A．Then why is there the primacy effect? B．Then what is the primacy effect made of? C．Then how does the primacy effect work? D．Then where can you find the primacy effect? 2．The underlined words “zoned out” in Paragraph 3 probably mean “_________”. A．thought best B．lost attention C．found interest D．felt different 3．Which of the following would be the best title for the passage? A．Primacy Effect: a Trick to Get Full Marks B．Primacy Effect: a Reason for Life Success C．Primacy Effect: a Way to Remember Better D．Primacy Effect: a Skill for Communication 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了首因效应，产生首因效应的两个原因以及首因效应对我们的帮助。 1．推理判断题。根据第二段“The main reason is that people tend to rehearse (默诵) things in order to remember them.”可知，主要原因是人们为了记住事物倾向于默诵，故前面应该问原因。故选A。 2．词句猜测题。根据“Thinking back to the last conversation you had, the paragraph you read or the show you watched, you probably focused on both the beginning and the end, but in the middle zoned out at some points.”可知，回想你上次的谈话，你读的段落或者你看的节目，你可能关注开头和结尾，但是在中间的信息可能不会关注。故对于中间的信息关注度低。故选B。 3．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，本文主要是介绍对我们记忆有帮助的“首因效应”，是讲述了一个好的记忆方法。故选C。 $