Unit 4 Section Ⅱ Learning About Language（Word教参）-【精讲精练】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第二册（人教版）

本高中英语讲义聚焦“过去分词作表语和状语”核心语法点，先系统梳理过去分词作表语的意义、与-ing形式及被动语态的区别，再深入讲解作状语时表时间、原因等功能及与-ing形式的辨析，构建由基础到应用的学习支架。 资料通过对比辨析（如“frightened”与“frightening”）、高考真题实例（2024新课标Ⅰ卷语法填空）及“分词作状语记忆口诀”，培养学生语言辨析能力与思维品质，即时训练和误区警示助力学习能力提升。课中辅助教师高效授课，课后供学生巩固练习，查漏补缺。

Section Ⅱ　Learning About Language [对应学生用书P62] 过去分词作表语和状语 一、过去分词作表语 1．过去分词作表语的意义 过去分词可放在连系动词be，get，feel，remain，seem，look，become等之后作表语，表示主语所处的状态。 The frightened look on her face suggested that she was frightened by the frightening scene.她脸上害怕的表情表明她被这恐怖的场面吓着了。 We were surprised at what he said at the meeting.我们对他在会上讲的话感到很惊讶。 2．过去分词与动词-ing形式作表语的区别 过去分词 表示人自身的感受或事物自身的状态，常译作“感到……的” 动词-ing形式 表示事物具有的特性，常译作“令人……的” They became so worried that they stayed awake all night. 他们变得如此担心，以至于一整晚都没睡觉。 The situation became so worrying that measures should be taken at once. 形势变得如此令人担忧，以至于应该立刻采取措施。 Hearing the inspiring speech made by Professor Li，we all felt inspired and made up our mind to work harder in our study. 听了李教授鼓舞人心的演讲，我们都备受鼓舞，下定决心要更加努力学习。 3．过去分词作表语与被动语态的区别 过去分词作表语时，强调主语所处的状态；而动词的被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，强调动作。 The cup is broken. 杯子破了。(系表结构) The cup was broken by Tom. 杯子是被汤姆打破的。(被动语态) [即时训练1]　单句语法填空 ①These sepals open on warm days to give the inside plants sunshine and fresh air.In cold weather，the structure stays closed (close) to protect the plants.(2024新课标Ⅰ卷，语法填空) ②They think that it is a waste of time and we may get injured(injure) in the process. ③The audience were all moved to tears by the moving film.(move) ④I do believe you are certainly to be amazed by the amazing scenery of Mount Tai.(amaze) 二、过去分词作状语 1．过去分词作状语，表示被动或完成的动作 可以表示时间、原因、条件、让步、方式或伴随情况等。 (1)作时间状语 过去分词作时间状语时，相当于一个由when，while，after，once等引导的时间状语从句。 Founded 10 years ago，Youth has been enjoying great popularity among students. →Since it was founded 10 years ago，Youth has been enjoying great popularity among students. 自从十年前创刊以来，《青春》一直在学生中广受欢迎。 (2)作原因状语 过去分词作原因状语时，相当于一个由as，since，because等引导的原因状语从句。 Frozen in a panic，I had no idea what to do when I heard a sweet voice behind me. →Because I was frozen in a panic，I had no idea what to do when I heard a sweet voice behind me.我吓呆了，不知道该怎么办，这时我听到身后传来一个甜美的声音。 (3)作条件状语 过去分词作条件状语时，相当于一个由if，unless等引导的条件状语从句。 Given another ten minutes，I can also work out this problem. →If I am given another ten minutes，I can also work out this problem. 如果再给我十分钟，我也能把这道题算出来。 (4)作让步状语 过去分词作让步状语时，相当于一个由though，although，while以及even if/though等引导的让步状语从句。 Though exhausted with sweat，we all cheered with great joy. →Though we were exhausted with sweat，we all cheered with great joy. 虽然我们筋疲力尽、汗流浃背，但我们都高兴地欢呼起来。 (5)作方式或伴随状语 过去分词作方式或伴随状语时，可以转换成一个并列句。 There will be lectures on the importance of reading，followed by book reviews presented by students readers. →There will be lectures on the importance of reading，and they are followed by book reviews presented by students readers. 将会有关于阅读重要性的讲座，之后是学生读者发表的书评。 值得注意的是，有些过去分词(短语)因来源于系表结构，作状语时不强调被动而重在描述主语的状态。这样的过去分词(短语)常见的有 lost (迷路)，seated (坐)，hidden (躲)，lost/absorbed in (沉溺于)，dressed in (穿着)，tired of (厌烦)等。 Lost in thought，he didn't hear the bell. 由于陷入沉思之中，他没有听到铃声。 Seated in the chair at the window，the old lady felt at a loss. 坐在靠窗的椅子上，这位老妇人感到迷茫。 [即时训练2]　句型转换 ①After I was asked to paint a picture using watercolors，I decided to focus on the lake in the park，with the trees and flowers surrounding it.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷，应用文写作) →Asked to paint a picture using watercolors，I decided to focus on the lake in the park，with the trees and flowers surrounding it. ②Given more attention，the trees could have grown better. →If the trees had been given more attention，they could have grown better. ③Although she was left alone at home，Jenny didn't feel afraid at all. →Left alone at home，Jenny didn't feel afraid at all. ④Surrounded by his students，the teacher went into the lab. →The teacher was surrounded by his students and he went into the lab. ⑤Because they were deeply moved by the story，the children began to cry. →Deeply moved by the story，the children began to cry. 2．过去分词与动词-ing形式作状语的区别 (1)过去分词与句子的主语之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系，即表示被动；动词-ing形式与句子的主语之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系，即表示主动。 [巧学助记] 分词作状语记忆口诀 分词作状语，主语是问题。 前后两动作，共用一主语。 主语找出后，再来判关系。 (2)主动用动词-ing形式，被动用过去分词。 Seen from the top of the mountain，the scenery was really fascinating.(动宾关系) 从山顶看去，风景十分迷人。 Seeing the scenery from the top of the mountain，I was fascinated by the autumn colours.(主谓关系) 从山顶看风景，我被秋色迷住了。 Following the students，the headteacher entered the classroom.(主谓关系) 跟着学生，班主任进了教室。 Followed by the students，the headteacher entered the classroom.(动宾关系) 被学生跟着，班主任进了教室。 分词作状语误区警示 无论是动词-ing形式还是过去分词，其逻辑主语必须和句子的主语一致。如果不一致，则必须用状语从句、独立主格结构等其他表达形式。 If caught，the police will punish the thief.( × ) If caught，the thief will be punished by the police.( √ ) If the thief is caught，the police will punish him/her.( √ ) [即时训练3]　单句语法填空 ①Faced (face) with so many difficulties，I am determined to solve them with tremendous efforts. →Facing (face) so many difficulties，I am determined to solve them with tremendous efforts. ②Used (use) for a long time，the book looks old. ③He looked at me in disbelief，asking(ask) me what to do.Flashing(flash) him another apologetic smile，I begged him for a delayed payment.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷，读后续写) ④Delighted and excited，we entered the track field，following(follow) our leader.(读后续写之心理描写) ⑤Seized(seize) by an awful feeling，Rose quickly pulled the cellphone out of her pocket and dialed 911.(读后续写之动作描写) [对应学生用书P65] Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．Playing basketball is a good way to relax myself when I feel tired(tire). 2．Not only am I a qualified English learner，but I'm also knowledgeable，making(make) me a potential competitor. 3．Waiting for an opportunity to get employed (employ)，Henry did his best to perform his duty. 4．Accompanied(accompany) by his parents，the blind boy stepped onto the stage proudly. 5．Encouraged(encourage) by the speech，the young people made up their minds to take up the struggle. Ⅱ.根据语境和所给词汇，用本单元所学的过去分词作表语和状语完成句子 The next winter，word got around that the old man had passed away.1.Hearing the bad news (听到这个坏消息)，my sister and I just couldn't believe it until we went to his home and saw his photo 2.hanging on the wall(挂在墙上).3.We were so upset/frustrated that(我们非常沮丧)tears welled up in my eyes.“I'm sorry for your loss，” I gave the family a big hug.On my way back home，the wind whistled through the trees，4.as if mourning for the death of the old man(仿佛在为老人的去世哀悼).I realized gone were the days when we sat together chatting with each other.I realized gone were the days when we were lucky enough to have a taste of the delicious fruit grown by him. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $