Unit 3 Section Ⅱ Learning About Language（Word教参）-【精讲精练】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第二册（人教版）

本高中英语讲义聚焦过去完成时及被动语态核心知识点，从“过去的过去”概念切入，系统梳理主动与被动语态的肯定、否定、疑问基本结构，进而详解时间状语引导、固定句型、虚拟语气等具体用法，辅以即时训练与综合练习题构建学习支架。 资料以讲练结合为特色，通过屠呦呦案例、高考真题实例创设真实语境，提升学生语言理解与表达能力，分层练习题设计助力学生循序渐进应用语法规则，培养自主学习能力。课中辅助教师清晰授课，课后帮助学生巩固知识，弥补应用盲点。

Section Ⅱ　Learning About Language [对应学生用书P45] 过去完成时及过去完成时的被动语态 一、概念 　过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成的动作，即“过去的过去”。 二、基本结构　 主动语态 被动语态 肯定形式 had done had been done 否定形式 had not done had not been done 一般疑问句 had＋主语＋done had＋主语＋been done 特殊疑问句 疑问词＋had＋主语＋done 疑问词＋had＋主语＋been done After Tu Youyou had committed herself to doing medical research for many years，her efforts paid off.在屠呦呦致力于医学研究多年后，她的努力得到了回报。 I had never thought about doing anything for the elderly until I learned about the festival at school. 在学校了解到这个节日后，我才想到要为老年人做些什么。 [即时训练1]　完成句子 ①The girl sitting next to me on the plane was very nervous because she had not flown before． 在飞机上坐在我旁边的女孩非常紧张，因为她以前没有坐过飞机。 ②No sooner had I caught sight of him than I rushed to him，hugging him tightly just as if we were long-lost friends who had not seen each other for ages.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷，读后续写) 我一看见他就向他冲过去，紧紧地拥抱着他，就像我们是多年不见的老朋友一样。 ③Had he known the result of the election before it was announced? 他在选举结果公布之前就已经知道了吗？ 三、过去完成时的具体用法 1．过去完成时表示在过去某个动作或某个具体的时间之前已经发生、完成的动作或存在的状态，句中常用by，before，until，when等词引导时间状语。 I quickly searched the crowd for the school's coach and asked him what had happened. 我迅速在人群中寻找学校的教练，问他发生了什么事。 Soon，however，they realized what they had undertaken. 然而，很快，她们就意识到她们都做了些什么。 2．用于hardly/scarcely...when...，no sooner...than...等表示“刚……就……”或“一……就……”的固定句型中。 Hardly had I got the good news that the 8th International Tea Culture Festival would be held in our city when I was writing to invite you to the festival.(应用文之邀请信) 一得知第八届国际茶文化节在我市举办的好消息，我就写信邀请你参加。 3．有些动词，如plan，hope，expect，intend，mean等，用过去完成时表示“原本打算做而未做成”。 I had planned to see you off，but I was delayed by the jam. 我原计划给你送行，但因堵车耽搁了。 4．在“That/It was the first/second ...time＋从句”中，从句中的谓语动词用过去完成时。 It was the second time that the young athlete had participated in the marathon. 这是这位年轻运动员第二次参加马拉松比赛。 5．wish，if only，as if，would rather等后面的从句中，常用过去完成时表示对过去的假设或虚拟。 How I wish you had been here watching the competition! 我多么希望你来这里观看比赛啊！ If he hadn't been addicted to the cellphone when walking，he wouldn't have gotten hit by a car. 如果他走路时不沉迷手机，他就不会被车撞了。 The world here was so quiet as if time had stopped.(读后续写之环境描写) 这里的世界静得出奇，好像时间停止了似的。 过去完成时的标志词和句型 by＋过去时间点，before，until，hardly/scarcely...when...；no sooner...than; It was the first/second...time that...(从句用过去完成时) By the end of 2023，Pruitt had repaired more than 140 bikes for donation or to be returned to their owners.到2023年底，Pruitt已经修理了140多辆自行车，这些自行车要么捐赠，要么返还原主。 [即时训练2]　单句语法填空 ①On the other end of the phone，he hesitated for a moment as if he had forgotten(forget) about it.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷，读后续写) ②We watched a video about the achievements our country had made(make) in the past few centuries. ③I had practiced(practice) hard，but I didn't score any points in the whole competition. ④If the weather had been (be) better，we could have had a picnic.But it rained all day. ⑤By the time he was a teenager，he had won (win) a reputation as a wonderful young musician. ⑥He hesitated and then said he had decided(decide) not to run. 四、过去完成时的被动语态的形式 1．肯定句：主语＋ had been done ＋其他成分。 2．否定句：主语＋ had not been done ＋其他成分。 3．一般疑问句：Had ＋主语＋ been done ＋其他成分？ 4．特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词＋ had ＋主语＋ been done ＋其他成分？ We went to the playground with the kites which had been made by ourselves. 我们带着我们自己制作的风筝去操场玩了。 The boy was reminded that his homework had not been handed in. 那个男孩被提醒他的家庭作业还没有交。 How many buildings had been destroyed when the hurricane ended? 当飓风结束时，有多少建筑物被摧毁了？ (1)过去完成时指发生在过去之前，也就是过去的过去的动作。用过去完成时必须有一个表过去的时间作对比。例如： After he had finished his homework，he went to bed.他写完作业以后才去睡觉。 (2)如果两个动作紧接着发生，则常常不用过去完成时，特别是在包含before和after的复合句中，因为从句的动作和主句的动作发生的先后顺序已经非常明确，可以用一般过去时代替过去完成时。例如： After he arrived in the UK，Marx worked hard to improve his English. 到达英国后，马克思努力提高他的英语水平。 [即时训练3]　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①I was sent to the village last month to see how the development plan had been carried (carry) out in the past two years. ②She suddenly told me that my account had been frozen(freeze) by the bank so I couldn't draw my money even if I had my new card. ③The manager entered the office and was happy to learn that four-fifths of the tickets had been booked(book). ④All the students were excited about it and had been prepared for it with great passion.(应用文之新闻报道) 所有的学生都对此感到兴奋，并以极大的热情为它做好了准备。 ⑤An incredible tree-house restaurant had been completed by the end of last month and a large crowd of people went there for meals. 到上个月月底为止，一家令人难以置信的树屋餐厅完工了，很多人去那里吃饭。 [对应学生用书P48] Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．That was the first time that she had been left (leave) alone at home during the weekends，bored to death. 2．Some of my friends who had been (be) there before said it was a wonderful holiday destination. 3．I had meant (mean) to offer you a hand，but I was otherwise engaged then. 4．By the time he died，he had given(give) away much money to charity. 5．I had been exposed (expose)to sunlight for thirty minutes when a bus finally arrived. Ⅱ.根据语境和所给词汇，用本单元所学的时态填空 Our school was built in 1902.When I studied there，it 1.had been (be)famous throughout the country.By 1978，the school's use 2.had changed/had been changed (change) several times.By the end of last century，our school 3.had become (become) a provincial model high school.When I graduated，our school 4.had won (win) many honors both at home and abroad.Before last year's anniversary of the foundation of our school，all the school buildings 5.had been rebuilt (rebuild) and it is now larger and more beautiful than before. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $