【中职专用】定语从句课件-语法专项突破

职教高考 语法专项 （五） 定语从句 定语从句概述 关系词的用法 限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句 综合练习 学习导航 定语从句 Lead in MY NEIGHBORS The man lives on the first floor. He is a young doctor. The man who / that is a young doctor lives on the first floor. The granny lives on the second floor. She wears a pair of glasses. The granny who / that wears a pair of glasses lives on the second floor. Lead in 定语从句 关系代词 关系代词 定语从句 使用关系词将两个句子合并在一起，使句子更简洁。 The little boy lives on the fourth floor. His mother is a teacher. The little boy whose mother is a teacher lives on the fourth floor. The policeman lives on the fifth floor. I admire him very much. The policeman that / who / whom I admire very much lives on the fifth floor. Lead in 关系代词 定语从句 关系代词 定语从句 The young lady lives on the sixth floor. Her job is to teach in a college. The young lady whose job is to teach in a college lives on the sixth floor. The young lady lives on the tenth floor. I seldom see her. The young lady that / who / whom I seldom see lives on the tenth floor. Lead in 关系代词 定语从句 关系代词 定语从句 Lead in The building was built ten years ago. We are living there. The building where we are living was built ten years ago. 关系副词 定语从句 在句中起定语作用的句子叫定语从句 引导定语从句的词叫关系词 7 ֎什么是定语? He has a nice watch. 定语从句概述 定义 是用来修饰描述名词或代词，说明人或事物的性质、特征或所属的词、短语或句子。 The bag on the desk is mine. The little boy whose name is Tom is my younger brother. 单个词作定语 短语作定语 句子作定语 之 ◎单个词作定语应放在被修饰的词前面。 ◎短语、句子作定语应放在被修饰的词后面。 This is the girl whom you are looking for. 定语从句概述 定义 之 先行词 关系代词 限定性定语从句。 ֎什么是定语从句 修饰限定或描述名词或代词，起定语作用的句子叫定语从句。 ֎被定语所修饰的词叫什么? 被定语所修饰的词叫先行词。 ֎引导定语从句的词叫什么？ 引导定语从句的词叫关系词。 The country which is to the south of Canada is America. 关系词的用法 关系词的种类 之 I don’t want to listen to any reason why you were absent. 关系代词 先行词 先行词 关系副词 关系词分为关系代词和关系副词 关系代词 who whom which that whose as 关系副词 when where why This is the teacher who teaches us English. The man who is speaking at the meeting is an engineer. He is the man who you are looking for. 关系词的用法 关系代词的用法 之 This is the teacher. She teaches us English. 关系代词-主语 The man is an engineer. He is speaking at the meeting. 关系代词-主语 He is the man. You are looking for him. 关系代词-宾语 先行词-人 先行词-人 先行词-人 who 在定语从句中指代人, 在定语从句中作主语 ，宾语。 The woman whom you met at the gate is our English teacher. She is the girl whom I saw at the bus stop. 关系词的用法 关系代词的用法 之 The woman is our English teacher. You met her at the gate. 关系代词-宾语 She is the girl. I saw her at the bus stop. 先行词-人 先行词-人 关系代词-宾语 whom 在定语从句中指人,做宾语. A plane is a machine which can fly. They planted the trees which didn’t need much water. The car which my uncle just bought is red. A plane is a machine. It can fly. 关系词的用法 关系代词的用法 之 They planted the trees. The trees didn’t need much water. The car is red. My uncle just bought it. 先行词—物 关系代词—主语 先行词—物 关系代词—主语 关系代词—宾语 先行词—物 在定语从句中 指物,作主语和宾语. which The girl that wears a blue shirt is a singer. The girl that we saw yesterday was Jim’s sister. Is there anything that I can do for you? 关系词的用法 关系代词的用法 之 The girl is a singer. She wears a blue shirt. The girl was Jim’s sister. We saw her yesterday. Is there anything? I can do for you. 先行词-人 关系代词—主语 先行词-人 关系代词—宾语 先行词-物 关系代词—宾语 that 在定语从句中既可以指人,又可以指物,既可以做主语,又可以做宾语. The old man whose hair has turned gray is a professor. This is the house whose windows face south. 关系词的用法 关系代词的用法 之 The old man is a professor. His hair has turned gray. This is the house. Its windows face south. 先行词—人 关系代词-定语 先行词—物 关系代词-定语 whose 在定语从句中可指人,也可指物,做定语. I have bought the same bicycle as you have. As we know ,more than seventy percent of the earth is covered with water. 关系词的用法 关系代词的用法 之 修饰先行词 先行词-物 关系代词—宾语 关系代词—宾语 先行词是整个句子 as 在定语从句中可指物，做主语，宾语。 ֎当先行词前有as、 so、 such、 the same等修饰时，用as在从句中作主语或宾语的关系代词。 the same ..as 记作固定词组也可以呦！ ֎可以引导先行词是整个主句的非限定性定语从句，在从句中作主语、宾语。 指代 成分 that which who whom whose as 人或物 主语、宾语 物 主语、宾语 人 主语、宾语 人 宾语 人或物 定语 整个句子 主语、宾语 关系词的用法 关系代词的用法 之 关系词的用法 关系代词的用法 之 which 与 that 的使用需要注意以下情况呦！ A.以下情况只用 that ①.先行词前有最高级 This is the best film that I have ever seen. ②.先行词是 all, everything, nothing, something, anything, much, little, few, none, the one等不定代词。 We should do all that is useful to the people. ③先行词被序数词修饰 The first place that they visited in Beijing was the Summer Palace. 关系词的用法 关系代词的用法 之 which 与 that 的使用需要注意以下情况呦！ A.以下情况只用 that ④.先行词被only, any, few, little, the very, the only, the just修饰 This is the very dictionary that I want to buy. ⑤.先行词是指人和物两类 I still remember the school and the teachers that I visited years ago. 关系词的用法 关系代词的用法 之 which 与 that 的使用需要注意以下情况呦！ B.以下情况只用which ①.在非限定性定语从句中 He often comes to see us, which shows he is very kind to us. ②.介词后只用which I live near the school, in front of which flows a small river. who 与 that 的使用需要注意以下情况呦！ 关系词的用法 关系代词的用法 之 以下情况只用who ֎先行词是one、ones、anyone时 We don’t want anyone who can’t afford the tuition fee to drop out of school. ֎先行词为指人的those时 Those who want to go to the Great Wall sign up here. 1.He works in a hospital. The hospital is quite near to our flat. He works in a hospital that / which is quite near to our flat. 2.She lives together with a dog. The dog is a gift from her daughter. She lives together with a dog which / that is a gift from her daughter. 关系词的用法 关系代词的用法 之 3.He studies at No. 16 middle school. That school is the best school in our city. He studies at No. 16 middle school which / that is the best school in our city. 用定语从句将下列句子合并 课堂精练 4.Recently, he has caught a thief. The thief had stolen much money from our neighbors. Recently, he has caught a thief who / that had stolen much money from our neighbors. 关系词的用法 关系代词的用法 之 5.He wrote several books. Those books are very popular among teenagers. He wrote several books which / that are very popular among teenagers. 6.She drives a car. The car’s window was broken yesterday. She drives a car whose window was broken yesterday. 课堂精练 用定语从句将下列句子合并 1.Canyou tell me the name of the factory ___________you visited last week? 2.Mrs Hill is an old woman _________ has a small room in an old house. 3.I went to the library but I did not find the book ____________ I needed. 4.Do you know the girl _____________ he often talks to? 5.The house in _________ I used to live has become a shoe shop. 6.All the things _________ we can do is to give you some advice. 7.This is the most interesting story ________ I have ever read. 8.She described in her composition the people and the places _______ impressed her most. that/which who/that that/which whom/who/that 关系词的用法 关系代词的用法 之 which that that that 用关系代词填空 that, which, who, whose, whom, as 课堂精练 第一步 找准先行词 第二步 确认定语从句中缺少的成分 9.Allen is the girl _______________ I think will succeed in the test. 10.That is the day ___________ I’ll never forget. 11.I’ll never forget the days ___________ he spent with his lovely students. 12.Can you show me the girl ___________ pronunciation is the best in your class? 13. This is the factory _________ makes computers. 14.I live in the room __________ window faces south. 15.Jeffery is not such an intelligent person ______ you think. who/whom/that that/which that/which whose that/which whose as 关系词的用法 关系代词的用法 之 用关系代词填空 that, which, who, whose, whom, as 课堂精练 when 关系词的用法 关系副词的用法 之 关系副词：主要有when、where、 why 等，在定语从 句中作状语，一般不可省略。 I still remember the time when I first travelled by plane. 先行词—时间 关系副词—状语 指时间，在从句中作时间状语。它的先行词通常为time day morning night week year等表示时间的名词。 也可以和部分介词一起引导定语从句。 关系词的用法 关系副词的用法 之 This is the mountain village where I stayed last year. where 指地点，在从句中作地点状语，它的先行词通常为place、spot、street、house、room、city、town、country等表示地点的名词。Where引导的定语从句还可以放在from后。 I don’t want to listen to any reason why you were absent. 指原因或理由，它的先行词只有reason在定语从句中作原因状语。 why where 限定性定语从句 The young lady who is wearing a pair of glasses is my teacher. 非限定性定语从句 The young lady, who is wearing a pair of glasses, is my teacher. 起修饰作用 起描述作用，用逗号与主句隔开 定语从句的种类 定语从句种类：分为限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句 限定性定语从句：用来修饰、限定先行词，不用逗号与主语隔开。 非限定性定语从句：用来描述先行词，对先行词没有特别限定，常用逗号与主语隔开。 综合练习 用适当的关系词填空，每空一词 which that who whose whom as when where why 1.He paid the man 50 dollars for cleaning the windows, most of ____________ were very dirty. 2.Would you please tell me the name of the company ______ you visit last month? 3.The worker will never forget the days _______ he spent in that factory. 4.Many heroes died in the year________ the People’s Republic of China was founded. 5.Tom asked the policeman with ________ he worked to contact him whenever there was accident. which that that when whom 综合练习 用适当的关系词填空，每空一词 which that who whose whom as when where why 6.We will be shown around the city, schools, museums, and some other places, ________ other visitors seldom go. 7.Donna was the only one _________ I had invited. 8._____ we all know, we shall have our final exams next month. 9.Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase, _______ price was very reasonable. 10.There’s no reason ________ we shouldn’t be friends. where that As whose why 感谢观看 $