Unit 4 核心语法知识总结（连词and/but/because + 形容词用法）2025-2026学年人教版英语七年级上册

该初中英语单元复习讲义通过分类梳理和例句解析构建了连词（and/but/because）与形容词的知识体系，将连词的逻辑关系（顺承、转折、因果）和形容词的核心功能（定语、表语）、特殊类型（-ing/-ed结尾、复合形容词）等要点按“用法规则-例句印证-易错提醒”的逻辑组织，清晰呈现语法知识的内在联系与重难点分布。 讲义的亮点在于分层测试题的精准设计，基础题考查连词填空（如“I like bread ______ milk”），提升题结合阅读理解判断逻辑关系（如分析“Hiking is tiring but exciting”的转折关系），通过辨析、运用等题型培养语言能力和思维品质。不同层次题目满足基础巩固与能力拓展需求，教师可据此实施分层教学，学生能自主检测薄弱点，提升复习效率。

Unit 4 My Favourite Subject核心语法知识总结(连词and/but/because + 形容词用法) 一、连词 and, but, because 的用法 连词用于连接词、短语或句子,其中 and、but 是并列连词,because 是从属连词,三者分别表示不同逻辑关系,具体用法如下: (一)and 的用法 核心含义:表“和、并且”,用于肯定句中,连接并列的人、物、短语或句子,体现顺承关系。 否定句转换:肯定句中连接并列成分的 and,在否定句中需改为 or(表“也不”)。 拓展 or 的额外用法:① 用于疑问句中表“或者、还是”,提供选择;② 用于否定句中替代 and,表“既不……也不……”。 例句: - 肯定句:She likes reading and painting in her free time.(她空闲时喜欢读书和画画。) - 否定句:He doesn’t like coffee or tea.(他既不喜欢咖啡也不喜欢茶。) - 疑问句:Do you want to go to the park or the zoo this weekend?(这个周末你想去公园还是动物园?) (二)but 的用法 核心含义:表“但是、然而”,作为并列连词,连接意义上形成转折的两个分句或短语。 句式特点:连接两个较长分句时,but 前通常加逗号;前后内容在语义上形成鲜明对照。 例句: - The task is difficult, but we can finish it on time.(这个任务很难,但我们能按时完成。) - She has a lot of work to do, but she still helps me with my homework.(她有很多工作要做,但还是帮我辅导作业。) (三)because 的用法 核心含义:表“因为”,引导原因状语从句,说明主句动作或情况的直接原因。 位置灵活:可置于主句之后(常用),也可置于主句之前(强调原因,需用逗号隔开主句)。 关键禁忌:英语中 because 与 so(所以)不能同时出现在一个句子中,需择一使用。 特殊用途:专门回答由 why 引导的特殊疑问句。 例句: - 主句后:We stayed at home because it rained heavily.(因为下大雨,我们待在了家里。) - 主句前:Because he is good at English, he often helps his classmates.(因为他英语好,所以经常帮助同学。) - 回答问句:—Why do you get up early?(你为什么早起?)—Because I need to exercise.(因为我需要锻炼。) 二、形容词的基本用法 形容词用于修饰名词或代词,描述人或事物的性质、特征,主要有以下核心用法: (一)核心功能 1. 作定语:修饰名词或代词,通常置于名词前。 - 例句:a beautiful flower(一朵美丽的花)、a kind teacher(一位善良的老师) 2. 作表语:跟在系动词(be、taste、feel 等)后,说明主语的状态或特征。 - 例句:The soup tastes delicious.(这汤尝起来很美味。)、She feels happy today.(她今天感到很开心。) (二)特殊类型形容词 1. -ing 与 -ed 结尾的形容词 - -ing 结尾:修饰事物,表“令人……的”,强调事物的特性。 - -ed 结尾:修饰人,表“感到……的”,强调人的主观感受。 例句: - The story is surprising.(这个故事令人惊讶。) - We are surprised at the news.(我们对这个消息感到惊讶。) - The long trip is tiring.(这次长途旅行令人疲惫。) - They are tired after the trip.(旅行后他们感到疲惫。) 2. 定冠词 + 形容词:泛指一类人,谓语动词用复数。 - 例句:The poor need more help.(穷人需要更多帮助。)、We should respect the old.(我们应该尊重老人。) 3. 复合形容词:由两个或多个单词组成,单词间用连字符“-”连接,常用结构: - 数词 + 名词(单数):a five-day holiday(五天的假期) - 数词 + 名词 + 形容词:a 10-meter-tall tree(一棵10米高的树) - 例句:He is a 12-year-old student.(他是一名12岁的学生。)、This is a two-hour meeting.(这是一场两小时的会议。) (三)常用句型 1. It’s + 形容词 + for sb. to do sth.:表“做某事对某人来说怎么样”(形容词描述事情的性质)。 - 例句:It’s important for us to learn English well.(学好英语对我们来说很重要。) 2. It’s + 形容词 + of sb. to do sth.:表“某人做某事真是……”(形容词描述人的品质)。 - 例句:It’s brave of her to help the stranger.(她帮助陌生人,真是勇敢。) 三、分层测试题 (一)基础题(每题2分,共20分) 1. 用 and, but, or 填空 - I like bread _ milk for breakfast. - He can play the piano, _ he can’t play the guitar. - Do you like cats _ dogs? - She doesn’t like swimming _ running. - The sky is blue _ the air is fresh today. 2. 选择合适的连词填空(because/so) - He didn’t go to school _ he was ill. - It was late, _ we hurried to the station. - _ she studies hard, she often gets good grades. 3. 用括号内形容词的适当形式填空 - The movie is very _ (excite). We all like it. - I am _ (interest) in English stories. (二)中等题(每题3分,共30分) 1. 单项选择 - ( )— Why do you like spring? — _ the flowers are beautiful. A. Because B. So C. But D. And - ( )She has a lot of money, _ she doesn’t spend much. A. and B. but C. because D. or - ( )It’s difficult _ him to finish the work alone. A. for B. of C. to D. with - ( )The _ news made us _. A. excited; exciting B. exciting; excited C. boring; bored D. bored; boring - ( )We should be kind to _ old and _ poor. A. a; a B. an; the C. the; the D. /; / 2. 句型转换 - He likes apples and bananas.(改为否定句) He doesn’t like apples _ bananas. - She is late because she missed the bus.(对划线部分提问) _ is she late? - The book is interesting. I want to read it again.(用 because 连接) I want to read the book again _ it’s interesting. - It’s easy for me to solve the problem.(改为同义句) Solving the problem is easy _ me. - He is a 15-year-old boy.(改为同义句) The boy is 15 _ _. (三)提升题(每题4分,共20分) 1. 补全句子(用所给词的适当形式或合适连词) - (tire)After a long walk, we felt _ and the trip was _. - (kind)It’s _ of you to help me. Thank you very much. - He wants to be a doctor _ he wants to help sick people. - This is a _ (three-month) training course. - (surprise)The _ result made everyone _. 2. 阅读理解(判断句子正T误F) My name is Lisa. I like weekends because I can do what I like. On Saturdays, I usually get up late. I have breakfast with my family and then go to the library. I like reading because books can teach me a lot. The library is quiet, but it’s not boring. On Sundays, I often go hiking with my friends. Hiking is tiring, but it’s exciting. Sometimes we have a picnic. We bring fruit, bread and juice. The food tastes delicious. I think weekends are wonderful. - ( )Lisa likes weekends because she can sleep all day. - ( )Lisa goes to the library on Saturdays. - ( )The library is quiet and boring. - ( )Hiking is tiring but exciting. - ( )They bring fruit and milk for the picnic. 参考答案 (一)基础题 1. and; but; or; or; and 2. because; so; Because 3. exciting; interested (二)中等题 1. A; B; A; B; C 2. or; Why; because; for; years old (三)提升题 1. tired; tiring; kind; because; three-month; surprising; surprised 2. F; T; F; T; F 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $