Unit 1 Managing yourself Grammar and composition 课件-2025-2026学年高中英语译林版(2020)选修第三册

高中英语译林版(2020)选修第三册课件 Unit 1 Managing yourself Grammar and composition Page 6-7 Simile and metaphor sim·ile /ˈsɪməli/n. 明喻 meta·phor  /ˈmetəfə(r)/ n.暗喻；隐喻 制作者：桂东一中　李宇平 ◆ 内容分析 本板块围绕单元话题，引导我们在有关“快节奏生活”的语篇中，观察、探究明喻和暗喻两种修辞手法的使用情况，自主归纳其核心规则；再通过单句、语篇两个层面的巩固练习，内化新知；最后运用所学，准确、恰当、得体地使用明喻和暗喻，完成具体情境中的写作任务，实现“形式—意义—使用”三者的统一。 ◆ 教学目标 By the end of this section, we will be able to: 1. identify the use of simile and metaphor; 2. work out the rules of simile and metaphor; 3. use similes and metaphors to finish the tasks of explaining sentences and completing an article; 4. write a short paragraph about how we dealt with pressure from a fast-paced lifestyle using similes and metaphors. fast-paced快节奏的；快速的；快步调的 A. Exploring the rules Below is a magazine article about the fast pace of modern life. Find the similes and metaphors, and fill in the table below. Similes Indeed, our modern life is just like motor racing, ... Metaphors All the world is a racetrack, and all the men and women are cars moving faster and faster. ... keeps us as busy as a bee, leaving less time for exercise. ..., where we constantly expect to overtake the car in front of us. Unless we recognize the problem, it is only a matter of time before the wheels fall off. All the world is a racetrack, and all the men and women are cars moving faster and faster. △Old sayings such as “Anything worth having is worth waiting for” used to carry important messages; however, their impact has been reduced largely due to continued improvements in technology.整个世界就像一条赛道，而所有的男男女女就像是不断加速前进的汽车。诸如“值得拥有的东西都是值得等待的”这类古老的谚语曾经蕴含着重要的信息；然而，由于技术的不断进步，它们的影响力已大大减弱。 race·track /ˈreɪstræk/ 跑道,赛道; 赛马场,=racecourse con·tinued  /kənˈtɪnjuːd/ ( also con·tinu·ing  /kənˈtɪnjuɪŋ/ 继续不变的；连续不断的 Our computers and mobile phones can now be fired up in milliseconds and predictive text can guess what we want to say even before we have had time to organize our thoughts. Emails and text messages travel the world in an instant,and not surprisingly, replies are expected immediately, 24/7. 如今，我们的电脑和手机只需几毫秒就能启动运行，预测性文本甚至能在我们还没来得及整理思路之前就猜出我们想说的话。电子邮件和短信能在瞬间传遍全球，因此也就不难理解，人们总是期望能立即收到回复，而且这种需求是全天候、无时无刻不在的。 fire sth up发动(机器)；启动(设备、程序等) pre·dict·ive(计算机程序 ) 预测的 predictive text input 预设文本输入 New models of electronic devices, with faster processing speeds, come onto the market at increasingly short intervals. Indeed, our modern life is just like motor racing, where we constantly expect to overtake the car in front of us. 具有更快处理速度的新型电子设备不断以越来越短的时间间隔进入市场。的确，我们的现代生活就像赛车比赛一样，我们总是期望能超越前方的赛车。 motor racing  ( NAmE usually auto racing ) 赛道汽车赛 ra·cing /ˈreɪsɪŋ/ (通常构成复合词 ) 速度比赛;赛马 Unfortunately, this fast pace of life is having a negative impact on our physical and mental well‑being. Studies have shown that a fast‑paced lifestyle typically keeps us as busy as a bee, leaving less time for exercise. Over the long term, we may suffer from sleep problems, obesity and even heart attacks. typ·ic·al·ly 通常,一般;典型地,具有代表性地;不出所料,果然 as busy as a bee忙得不可开交 suf·fer (from sth)/(for sth)(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦,受难,受折磨 heart attack 心脏病发作 Our relentless struggle to get things done as soon as possible also brings with it mental problems such as anxiety and depression.Unless we recognize the problem, it is only a matter of time before the wheels fall off. 我们为了尽快完成任务而不懈努力，这也带来了诸如焦虑和抑郁等心理问题。如果我们不认识到这个问题，那么问题迟早会变得难以解决。 it's just/only a matter of time (before...)早晚的事,只是时间问题 the wheels fall off 突然出现严重问题，彻底失败/失控 the wheels come off sth.(某事)掉链子顺风顺水的事情突然受挫 Working out the rules • Both simile and metaphor are figures of speech that draw a (1) ___________(contrast/comparison) between two things. Using simile or metaphor often helps explain something abstract or unfamiliar more clearly,or describe it more vividly. • Simile uses the words like or (2) ____, while metaphor does NOT use these words. figure of speech 修辞格；修辞手段 draw进行，作（比较或对比） comparison as 明喻与暗喻 Page 91 明喻（simile）和暗喻（metaphor）是两种常见的比喻类型。比喻是将人们不太熟悉的事物或较抽象的事物比作常见、具体的事物，不仅可以使前者更加易于理解，也可以使语言更加生动形象，富有感染力。 1.明喻通常用比喻词 like 或 as 对两个不同的事物进行比较。如： His smile is like sunshine. Bob runs as quickly as a deer. 第一句中，his smile 是被比喻的内容，称为本体；sunshine 是对 his smile 的形象说明，称为喻体。第二句中，Bob 是本体，a deer 是喻体。 要注意的是，英语中很多 as ... as ... 的比喻已经成为约定俗成的表达。如： Her skin is as white as snow. John is as fit as a fiddle.非常健康 (in very good physical condition) 2.暗喻也可以用来对两个不同的事物进行比较，但不用 like 或 as。英语中也有许多暗喻已经成为约定俗成的表达。如： This is just the tip of the iceberg.（问题的）冰山一角 Mike has a heart of gold.有金子般的心；心肠很好 3.在不同文化中，同样含义的比喻在表达方式上会存在文化差异。如： 英语：He eats like a horse. 汉语：他食量大如牛。 B. Applying the rules Page 7 B1. Decide if each of the following sentences is a simile or a metaphor. Explain what things are being compared and how they are alike. 1. The sun was a toddler insistently refusing to go to bed: it was past eight thirty and still light. 太阳像个顽皮的小孩，执意不肯睡觉：已经八点半了，天还亮着呢。 tod·dler /ˈtɒdlə(r)/ 学步的儿童；刚学会走路的孩子 tod·dle /ˈtɒdl/v.(幼儿学步时)摇摇摆摆地走，蹒跚行走,步行 in·sist·ently 持续不断地,再三地,反复地,坚持地,固执地 light adj.充满亮光的,明亮的,有自然光的 A metaphor. The late-setting sun is compared to a toddler because toddlers don’t like to go to bed early. 2. Life is like riding a bicycle. A simile. Life is compared to riding a bicycle because in order to progress, one has to keep moving forward, though there may be both smooth and rough roads ahead. 人生常被比作骑自行车，因为要想前行，就必须不断前进，尽管前方可能会有平坦的道路，也可能会有崎岖的路段。 pro·gress /prəˈɡres/ move forward 前进；行进 3. Eyes are the windows to the soul.眼睛是心灵的窗口。 A metaphor. Eyes are compared to the windows to the soul because just as one is able to see inside a house through its windows, so too can one know what others are thinking by looking into their eyes. 眼睛常被比作心灵的窗口，因为正如人们可以通过房屋的窗户看到屋内情况一样，我们也能通过观察他人的双眼来了解他们的内心想法。 soul心性；内心；心灵 4. Without glasses I am as blind as a bat.视力不佳 5. He loved to camp, so his job was like a holiday for him. A simile. I am compared to a bat because both cannot see clearly. A simile. His job is compared to a holiday because both were fun. B2. Below is a magazine article about how to slow down our pace of life. Complete it with the phrases in the box below. Write the letters in the blanks. a. a pressure cooker高压锅,压力锅;一触即发的危险局势；剑拔弩张的形势 b. hamsters in an exercise wheel在健身轮上奔跑的仓鼠 c. recharge our batteries养精蓄锐,休整; 放松; 补充精力; 恢复体力 d. get off the exercise wheel re·charge恢复体力,恢复精力,休整;给(电池)充电,充电 Nowadays we are living in the fast lane. Just like (1) ____________________________, we should constantly run simply to stay in the same place. Some people think that if we push ourselves to the limit now, we can then live a wonderful life and ultimately slow down,relax and enjoy life itself. Unfortunately, if we always live in (2) __________________, we will eventually burn ourselves out, ending up in a living nightmare. in the fast lane在生活的快车道上；享受丰富多彩的生活 push ourselves to the limit竭尽全力地挑战自己 b.hamsters in an exercise wheel a. a pressure cooker For those of us weighed down with pressure, how can we (3) _________________________? Firstly, we must learn to say no, both to ourselves and to others, if we feel we are doing too much. We need to recognize our limitations and focus on the things that really matter to us. This way, we can add more white space to our schedule. 对于我们这些压力重重的人来说，如何才能摆脱这种压力呢？首先，我们必须学会说“不”，无论是对自己还是对他人，如果觉得自己负担过重的话。我们需要认清自己的能力极限，并专注于对我们真正重要的事情上。这样，我们就能在日程安排中留出更多的“空白时间”。 d. get off the exercise wheel Secondly, it is important that we should focus on one thing at a time. Jumping back and forth between multiple tasks makes us feel rushed and stressed, and ultimately we cannot complete each task particularly well. Finally, we should always find the time to do something that we like, such as reading a favourite book or walking in nature. 其次，重要的是我们应当一次专注于一件事。在多个任务之间来回切换会让我们感到匆忙和紧张，最终我们也无法出色地完成每一项任务。最后，我们应该总是抽出时间去做自己喜欢的事情，比如读一本喜爱的书或者在大自然中散步。 jump突然改变，不断/突然转换(话题、题目) rushed  /rʌʃt/ 仓促而就的,草率的 stressed (out)焦虑不安；心力交瘁 Doing things for fun and relaxation, especially after a long period of work or study, not only directs our attention away from the things that have been a source of pressure, but also allows us to (4) ______________________. 为了娱乐和放松而进行一些活动，尤其是在长时间的工作或学习之后，这不仅能将我们的注意力从那些一直给我们带来压力的事情上转移开，还能让我们恢复精力。 direct 把…对准（某方向或某人） c. recharge our batteries B3. Have you been in a situation where you were under pressure from a fast-paced lifestyle? How did you improve the situation? Write a short paragraph about this experience. Use at least a simile and a metaphor. Last term, I made the mistake of taking on too much responsibility, which left me feeling my life was like a 100-metre race. Every weekday, my alarm clock was the starter’s gun that got me racing through my day, which never changed. 它催促着我全速奔跑度过这一天，而且这种情况一直持续着。 start·er/ˈstɑːtə(r)/ (赛跑等的)发令员;(主菜之前的)开胃小吃 race全速行进，疾走 My weekends were even busier with my homework and volunteer job. I was constantly exhausted. Then I realized that I had to slow down and make some changes. From this term, I prioritized my activities and gave up some non-essential ones. The end result was like getting off an exercise treadmill. Consequently, now I am less stressed and more importantly,I have extra time to enjoy the activities I am most interested in. pri·ori·tize/praɪˈɒrətaɪz/优先处理;按重要性排列;划分优先顺序 end result  最终结果 tread·mill(锻炼身体的)跑步机,走步机 Workbook Page 57 B.Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the phrases in the box below. sleep like a log/baby沉睡；酣睡 be a late bloomer/developer发育晚的孩子,大器晚成的人 have a heart of gold有金子般的心；心肠很好 run like wild horses be as flat as a pancake完全平的 bloom·er /ˈbluːmə(r)/ 完全成熟的人;开花植物;愚蠢的错误; 失策 pancake /ˈpænkeɪk/ 烙饼；薄饼 1. Look! The kids ________________________ on the grass, shouting and laughing happily. 2. —John, at the age of 40, has finally found a career that he loves. —He _______________. 3. The area ____________________. It is perfect for running. 4. —How did you sleep last night? —It couldn’t be better. I _____________. are running like wild horses is a late bloomer is as flat as a pancake slept like a log 5. Alice does whatever she can to help people in need. She _________________. has a heart of gold $