Unit4 Natural Disasters 知识点复习清单-2025-2026学年高中英语人教版必修第一册

该高中英语“自然灾害”单元知识清单系统涵盖词汇、阅读、语法、写作四大模块，以“词转-短语-句型-语篇-应用”为支架，包含词汇转换、教材金句、阅读技巧、定语从句及防灾减灾写作等核心内容。 清单通过模块分类与真题关联构建体系，如词汇篇按“词转-短语-动词搭配”分层并标注教材页码，语法篇明确定语从句that/which用法并配2024新高考真题练习，培养语言能力与思维品质。动词搭配附语境例句（如trap的“be trapped in”用法），写作篇提供主题范文支架，助力学生自主梳理，教师可精准设计教学活动。

B1 U4 Natural Disasters 词汇篇 词转 effect结果，效果n.---effective有效的adj.; breathe呼吸v.---breath呼吸n.; survive生存v.---survival生存n.---survivor幸存者n.; deliver递送v.---delivery送交n.; wise明智的adj.---wisdom明智n.; power力量n.---powerful强大的adj.---powerless无力的adj.; 短语搭配 P47 natural disasters 自然灾害 raise awareness提高意识 news report新闻报道 safety measures安全措施 disaster relief work赈灾工作 P49 at least至少 rescue workers救援人员 set up shelters搭建避难所 the flood-hit/flood stricken area洪水泛滥地区 P50 at least至少 look for寻找 as usual像往常一样 as if/though似乎，好像 one third of...三分之一 in ruins成为废墟，严重受损 the number of.......的数量 nothing but仅仅，只有 blow away吹走，消除 instead of...代替，而不是 in shock震惊 fall down倒下，倒塌 lose hope失去希望 dig out挖出来 provide medical care提供医疗护理 get back up on one’s feet站起来 be trapped in困在... strong support大力的支持 the tireless efforts不懈的努力 a home to......的家园 prove to sb向某人证明 In times of...在...的时刻 stay positive保持乐观 P51 suffer from遭受 go through经历 P52 put up shelters搭建避难所 in the open air在户外 rescue dog救援犬 survive the earthquake在地震中存活 take turns to do sth轮流做某事 P54 release a news report发布新闻报道 crash into撞上 sweep away扫除，消除 government officials政府官员 be expected to do期望，预计 教材金句 1. Live to Tell: Raising Awareness, Reducing Mortality. P47 用生命呼吁：增强减灾意识，减少人员伤亡。 2. It seemed as is the world were coming to an end! P50 仿佛世界末日来临！ 3. Everywhere survivors looked, there was nothing but ruins. P50 幸存者目及之处无一不是废墟。 4. Slowly, the city began to breathe again. P50 慢慢地，这座城市又开始恢复了生机。 5. With strong support from the government and the tireless efforts of the city’s people, a new Tangshan was built upon the earthquake ruins. P50 有了来自政府的大力支持以及唐山人民的不懈努力，一座新的唐山在废墟中被建立了起来。 6. In times of disaster, people must unify and show the wisdom to stay positive and rebuild for a brighter future. P50在灾难时期，人们必须团结一致，保持积极乐观的心态和重建家园的决心。 7. Dangerous conditions and damaged roads will make it difficult to deliver food and supplies. P54改 危险的条件和受损的道路让食品和物质的运送非常困难。 动词搭配： 1. flood 1 flood in the hall涌入 2 be flooded with...挤满了 1) A crowd of fans flooded in the hall to see their favorite singer. 一群粉丝涌入大厅，想要见到他们喜爱的歌手。 2) The library is flooded with students during the exam week. 考试周期间，图书馆里挤满了学生。 2. damage ① do/cause damage to sth The strong storm did great damage to the crops in the countryside. 这场强风暴对乡下的农作物造成了极大的破坏。 3. shock 1 be shocked to do sth做某事感到震惊 2 in shock震惊，吃惊 3 electric shock电击 4 culture shock 文化冲击 1) I was shocked to hear that my former classmate had won the international award. 听到我的老同学获得了国际奖项，我感到十分震惊。 2) She stood there in shock when she saw the terrible accident scene.看到可怕的事故现场时，她震惊地站在那里。 3) He got an electric shock when he touched the broken wire carelessly. 他不小心碰到破损的电线，遭到了电击。 4) Many overseas students will suffer from culture shock when they first arrive in a foreign country. 许多留学生初到异国他乡时，都会遭遇文化冲击。 4. trap 1 fall into a trap掉入陷阱，落入圈套 2 be trapped in...被困在... 3 trap sb into doing sth诱骗某人陷入圈套 1) The poor fox fell into a trap set by the hunter accidentally. 这只可怜的狐狸不小心掉进了猎人设置的陷阱里。 2) The miners were trapped in the coal mine after the sudden collapse. 突发坍塌事故后，矿工们被困在了煤矿里。 3) Don’t be trapped into buying useless things by those tricky advertisements. 别被那些花哨的广告诱骗，买一堆没用的东西。 5. breathe 1 out of breath喘不过气来，上气不接下气 2 take a deep breath深呼吸 3 hold one’s breath屏住呼吸 4 breathtaking adj.令人惊叹的 1) The old man was out of breath after climbing up the five - story building. 这位老人爬完五层楼后，已经上气不接下气了。 2) Take a deep breath and you will feel much more relaxed before the interview. 面试前深呼吸一下，你会感觉放松很多。 3) All the audience held their breath as the acrobat performed the dangerous stunt. 杂技演员表演危险特技时，所有观众都屏住了呼吸。 4) We were deeply impressed by the breathtaking view of the sunset over the sea. 海上日落那令人惊叹的景色给我们留下了深刻的印象。 6. supply 1 supply sth to sb/ supply sb with sth 2 offer sb sth/ offer sth to sb 3 provide sth for sb/ provide sb with sth 1) The government supplies enough food and water to the victims of the disaster. / The government supplies the victims of the disaster with enough food and water. 政府为灾民提供了充足的食物和水。 2) The kind neighbor offered us some fresh vegetables from his garden. / The kind neighbor offered some fresh vegetables from his garden to us. 这位热心的邻居给我们送来了一些自家菜园里的新鲜蔬菜。 3) The school provides a lot of reference books for the students. / The school provides the students with a lot of reference books. 学校为学生们提供了大量的参考书。 7. calm 1 calm down 镇静下来，平静下来 2 stay/ keep calm保持镇静 1) The teacher told the students to calm down when the fire alarm went off.火警响起时，老师让学生们镇静下来。 2) It is important to stay calm when you are facing an emergency. 面对紧急情况时，保持镇静非常重要。 8. strike 1 on strike 罢工 2 It struck sb that... 突然想起... 1) The workers are on strike because they demand higher salaries and better working conditions. 工人们正在罢工，因为他们要求更高的薪水和更好的工作条件。 2) It suddenly struck me that I had left my passport at home when I arrived at the airport. 我到机场时，突然想起自己把护照落在家里了。 9. deliver 1) The famous professor will deliver a lecture on environmental protection in our school next Friday. 这位知名教授下周五将在我校发表一场关于环境保护的演讲。 2) The volunteers are trying their best to deliver supplies to the remote mountain village. 志愿者们正尽全力向偏远山村递送补给品。 3) The experienced doctor delivered three babies successfully in one night. 这位经验丰富的医生一晚上成功接生了三个婴儿。 10. effect 1) Some people may experience mild side effects after taking this medicine. 有些人服用这种药物后，可能会出现2) Regular exercise has a positive effect on people’s physical and mental health. 规律的运动对人们的身心健康有积极影响。 3) The new traffic regulations will take effect from the first day of next month. 新的交通法规将从下月一号起生效。 11. effort 1) The research team spared no effort to develop a new vaccine against the virus. 这个研究团队不遗余力地研发对抗这种病毒的新型疫苗。 2) She made a great effort to overcome her fear of public speaking.她付出了很大努力，克服了对公开演讲的恐惧。 阅读篇 Reading skills: 1. What kind of text is it? A literary journalism报告文学 2. How are the events arranged? The text is organized in time order. 3. Write down the main idea of each paragraph Paragraph 1: Warning signs before the earthquake. Paragraph 2: The beginning Paragraph 3: The effects Paragraph 4: The rescue work Paragraph 5: The revival of the city 4. What happened during the earthquake? The damage caused by the earthquake At 3:42 a.m., everything began to shake. 11 kilometers directly below, ...damage more than 150 kilometers... 1/3 of the nation felt the earthquake. A huge crack that was 8 kilometers long and 30 meters wide cut across... In less than 1 minute, a large city lay in ruins. The suffering of the people 2/3 of the people died or were injured during the earthquake. Thousands of children were left without parents. The number of people who were killed or...reached more than 400000 5. What do you think helped in the revival of Tangshan city? unify strong support from the government the tireless efforts of the city’s people When disaster struck, help came from all sides. various help from the whole nation 6. What should we do if we come across an earthquake? Stay calm Go to an open space Stay away from... Hide under... Call...if possible Language points: P50: Para1 Key points and exercises : 1. There are deep cracks that appeared in the well walls. 1) The team_______ Lang Ping had built was falling apart. (P38) 2) This is the camera_______I used to take photos during the trip. 3) My hometown, ________ is a small coastal city, has changed a lot. 4) The doctor ______ treated my grandmother last year won an award. 5) The professor _______ we met at the lecture is from Harvard. 6) Do you know the student _______ essay was published in the magazine? 7) The museum ________opened last month has many collections. 答案： 1).which/that/可省 2).which/that/可省 3).which 4).who/that 5).who/whom/that 6).whose 7).which/that 2. At least one well had some smelly gas coming out of it. have sth doing 让某人或某物持续处于某种状态或动作，强调动作的持续性 They had the music playing softly during the dinner party. The boss had the workers working overtime to finish the project. have sth done使某物被处理 He had his hair______(cut) yesterday. We need to have the house______(repair) before winter. 答案：cut repaired 3. Mice ran out of the fields looking for places to hide. Mice ran out of the fields to look for places to hide. The children ran along the street _______(laugh) loudly. She sat by the window _______(read) a novel. places to hide = places that can be used to hide I need a pen _____(write) with. 答案：laughing reading to write 4. Chickens and even pigs were too nervous to eat. too后面跟普通形容词比如heavy，difficult，slow等，表达太...而不能，强调否定意义。 这个箱子太重了我搬不动。The box is too heavy to carry. 她年纪太小了，不能上学。She is too young to go to school. He is too eager to learn English. She is too glad to accept the invitation. too后面接ready，eager，glad，willing，anxious等情感态度类形容词，强调非常愿意或渴望做某事。 5. Bright lights were seen in the sky outside the city. 被动语态基本结构be+done，可根据时态、语态分为不同类型。 The classroom is cleaned every morning. The letter was sent yesterday. The project will be finished next month. The bridge is being built now. Many trees have been planted in the park. The problem must be solved immediately. Para 2 Key points and exercises : 1. It seemed as if the world were coming to an end! 虚拟语气 时间 从句中谓语动词形式 与现在事实相反 did/were 与过去事实相反 had done 与将来事实相反 would/should/might/could+do were to do She talks as if she knew everything. 虚拟语气 He looked as if he had seen a ghost. 虚拟语气 It seems as if it is going to rain. 陈述语气 He stood there as if thinking deeply. 陈述语气 2. 定语从句 课文原文： One of the most deadly earthquakes of the 20th century had begun, a quake that even caused damage more than 150 kilometers away in Beijing. 3.Two thirds of the people who lived there were dead or injured. 4.The number of people who were killed or badly injured in the quake was more than 400,000. 练习： 1) This is the boy _____ won the prize. 2) The river ________ runs through the city is very clean. 3) The man_______is talking to our teacher is a doctor. 4) This is the factory _________produces mobile phones. 5) I met a writer ____ new novel has won several national awards. 答案：1) who/that 2)which/that 3)who/that 4)which/that 5)whose 2024 新高考 II 卷 Chinese cultural elements因素 commemorating纪念 Tang Xianzu, ______ is known as “the Shakespeare of Asia,” add an international character to Stratford-upon-Avon. 答案：who 2023 全国甲卷 Yellowstone was the largest U.S. national park until Wrangell-Saint Elias in southern Alaska, _________ became a national monument纪念碑 in 1978, took the honors in 1980. 答案：which 2024 新高考 I 卷 The Glasshouse stands as a great achievement in contemporary当代的 design, to house为...提供住所；安置，容纳 the plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing追溯，沿着 the steps along the Silk Route ________ brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia to define定义，解释；塑造，决定 much of the richness of gardening园艺 in England. 答案：which 主谓一致+定从： 1) The number of students who ______ (be) late for the exam ______ (be) surprisingly small. 2) A number of old buildings that ______ (have) a long history ______ (be) going to be repaired next year. 3) Tom, as well as his classmates who ______ (be) interested in science, ______ (plan) to visit the science museum this weekend. along with, including... 4) Neither the teacher nor the students who ______ (prepare) for the competition ______ (know) the final result yet. 5) There ______ (be) a number of books on the desk that ______ (belong) to my brother. 答案：1)are/ is 2)have/ are 3)are/plans 4)prepare/know 5)are/belong Para5 Key points and exercises : With常考点： 1.with具体工具；by方式手段；in抽象方式 He cut the apple_______a sharp knife. He touched the baby _______ gentle hands. He communicate with his team______email. He improved his English______reading aloud every morning. in的短语： 处于某种状态：in danger, in trouble, in surprise,; 表达方式方法：in detail, in person; 表示总结或逻辑：in fact, in a word, in conclusion; 其他常用：in the future, in a hurry, in other words 填空：in detail, in a hurry, in public, in person As soon as the bell rang, he left the classroom_________. The manager explained ________. He refused to discuss his personal life_________. You should sign the document__________. 2.with搭配 _______the teacher's help, he made great progress. 在老师的帮助下 _______the development of technology, more people choose to work from home. 随着科技的发展 We had a discussion ______ our partners about the project. 动词搭配：agree with, communicate with, deal with, compare with, 形容词搭配：be satisfied with, be angry with 3.with的复合结构 She walked along the street______her dog.句式转化： She walked along the street______her dog running beside her. He left the room______the door open. A girl______a book in her hand walked by. ______the machine running, we can finish te work faster. ______the problem solved, they went out to celebrate. 练习: 1) With the teacher ______ us, we finished the group project ahead of time. A. help B. helping C. helped D. to help 2) With the problem ______, they went back to their classrooms happily. A. solve B. solving C. solved D. to solve 3) With so much homework ______, the student had to give up the weekend trip. A.do B. doing C. done D. to do 答案：1)B 2)C 3)D 课文定语从句练习： 1. There were deep cracks_____ appeared in the well walls. 2. Two thirds of the people ____ lived there were dead or injured. 3. The army sent 150,000 soldiers to Tangshan to dig out those ____were trapped and to bury the dead. 4. Workers built shelters for survivors _____ homes had been destroyed. 5. _____strong support from the government and the tireless efforts of the city's people, a new Tangshan was built upon the earthquake ruins. 6. The new city has become a home____ more than seven milion people. 7. Tangshan city has proved____ China and the rest of the world____in times of disaster, people must unify and show the _____(wise) to stay positive and rebuild for a brighter future. 答案：1.which/that 2.who/that 3.who/that 4.whose 5.With 6.to 7.to; that; wisdom 语法篇 定语从句---关系代词篇 关系代词只用that不用which的情况： 1)先行词是something, anything, nothing, everything等不定代词。 2)先行词是all, much, little, none或先行词被all, much, little, no, any修饰时。 3)先行词被最高级、序数词以及the first, the last, the very, the only, the same修饰时。 4)先行词有两个，一个指人，一个指物，关系代词用that。 5)先行词前面有which，who等疑问代词时，为避免重复，用关系代词that。 关系代词只用which不能用that的情况: 关系代词直接放在介词的后面时，要用which，不用that；要用whom，不用that。 引导非限制性定语从句时，要用which, who, whom,不用that，也不能省略。 先行词本身是that时。 Exercises: 1. He told me everything that he knew. 他把他知道的一切都告诉了我。 2. She was the only person that understood me. 她是唯一理解我的人。 3. He talked about the schools and teachers that he had visited. 他谈到了他访问过的学校和老师们。 4. Which of the books that you borrowed is the most interesting? 你借的书中哪一本最有趣？ 5. His car, which was parked outside, was stolen. 他的车被偷了，那辆车当时停在外面。 写作篇 1. 主题语境写作：防灾减灾 To help students learn more about natural disasters, our school organized an activity last Friday. During the activity, students learned some basic ways to deal with different natural disasters. They were also exposed to a VR environment to deeply experience the power and danger of natural disasters. Compared with the knowledge they had learned in class, their own personal experiences was more practical and impressive. Clearly/ Obviously, not only did the students improve their survival skills, but they also truly believed that living in harmony with nature is important. This activity turned out a success and all the participants spoke highly of it. 为了帮助学生了解更多地自然灾害，上周五我校组织了一项活动。 活动中，学生们学习了应对各类自然灾害的基本方法。他们还通过虚拟现实环境深刻体验了自然灾害的威力与危险。与课堂所学知识相比，他们自己的亲身体验切实可行和印象深刻。显而易见，学生们不仅提升了生存技能，更真正认识到与自然和谐共生是很重要的。 这次活动取得了圆满成功，所有参与者都给予了高度评价。 2. 背诵默写 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ B1 U4 Natural Disasters 词汇篇 词转 effect结果，效果n.---___________有效的adj.; breathe呼吸v.---____________呼吸n.; survive生存v.---_________生存n.---__________幸存者n.; deliver递送v.---____________送交n.; wise明智的adj.---________明智n.; power力量n.---_________强大的adj.---_________无力的adj.; 短语搭配 P47 natural disasters__________ raise awareness___________ news report____________ safety measures__________ disaster relief work________ P49 at least___________ rescue workers_________ set up shelters_______________ the flood-hit/flood stricken area_________________ P50 at least_______ look for_____ as usual______________ as if/though___________ one third of..._________ in ruins_______________ the number of...________ nothing but___________ blow away_____________ instead of...____________ in shock______ fall down______________ lose hope________ dig out______ provide medical care____________ get back up on one’s feet______ be trapped in_______ strong support____________ the tireless efforts__________ a home to...________ prove to sb_____________ In times of..._________ stay positive_______ P51 suffer from______ go through________ P52 put up shelters____________ in the open air_________ rescue dog___________ survive the earthquake___________ take turns to do sth_________ P54 release a news report_____________ crash into_________ sweep away___________ government officials________ be expected to do___________ 教材金句 1. Live to Tell: Raising Awareness, Reducing Mortality. P47 ___________________________________________ 2. It seemed as is the world were coming to an end! P50 ______________________________________________ 3. Everywhere survivors looked, there was nothing but ruins. P50 _______________________________________ 4. Slowly, the city began to breathe again. P50 ______________________________________________________ 5. With strong support from the government and the tireless efforts of the city’s people, a new Tangshan was built upon the earthquake ruins. P50 ___________________________________________________________________ 6. In times of disaster, people must unify and show the wisdom to stay positive and rebuild for a brighter future. P50_________________________________________________________________________________________ 7. Dangerous conditions and damaged roads will make it difficult to deliver food and supplies. P54改 ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 动词搭配： 1. flood 1 flood in the hall_______________ 2 be flooded with..._____________ 1) A crowd of fans flooded in the hall to see their favorite singer. _______________________________________ 2) The library is flooded with students during the exam week. __________________________________________ 2. damage ① do/cause damage to sth The strong storm did great damage to the crops in the countryside. _______________________________________ 3. shock 1 be shocked to do sth______________ 2 in shock______________ 3 electric shock___________ 4 culture shock ____________ 1) I was shocked to hear that my former classmate had won the international award. ________________________ 2) She stood there in shock when she saw the terrible accident scene._____________________________________ 3) He got an electric shock when he touched the broken wire carelessly. __________________________________ 4) Many overseas students will suffer from culture shock when they first arrive in a foreign country. ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 4. trap 1 fall into a trap________________ 2 be trapped in...________________ 3 trap sb into doing sth_________________ 1) The poor fox fell into a trap set by the hunter accidentally. ___________________________________________ 2) The miners were trapped in the coal mine after the sudden collapse. ___________________________________ 3) Don’t be trapped into buying useless things by those tricky advertisements. 别被那些花哨的广告诱骗，买一堆没用的东西。 5. breathe 1 out of breath_________________ 2 take a deep breath_____________ 3 hold one’s breath______________ 4 breathtaking adj._____________ 1) The old man was out of breath after climbing up the five - story building. _______________________________ 2) Take a deep breath and you will feel much more relaxed before the interview. ___________________________ 3) All the audience held their breath as the acrobat performed the dangerous stunt. __________________________ 4) We were deeply impressed by the breathtaking view of the sunset over the sea. ___________________________ 6. supply 1 supply sth to sb/ supply sb with sth____________________________ 2 offer sb sth/ offer sth to sb__________________________________ 3 provide sth for sb/ provide sb with sth_____________________________ 1) The government supplies enough food and water to the victims of the disaster. / The government supplies the victims of the disaster with enough food and water. ___________________________________________________ 2) The kind neighbor offered us some fresh vegetables from his garden. / The kind neighbor offered some fresh vegetables from his garden to us. _________________________________________________________________ 3) The school provides a lot of reference books for the students. / The school provides the students with a lot of reference books. ______________________________________________________________________________ 7. calm 1 calm down __________________ 2 stay/ keep calm_______________ 1) The teacher told the students to calm down when the fire alarm went off._______________________________ 2) It is important to stay calm when you are facing an emergency. _______________________________________ 8. strike 1 on strike ________________ 2 It struck sb that... _________________ 1) The workers are on strike because they demand higher salaries and better working conditions. ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 2) It suddenly struck me that I had left my passport at home when I arrived at the airport. ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 9. deliver 1) The famous professor will deliver a lecture on environmental protection in our school next Friday. ___________ 2) The volunteers are trying their best to deliver supplies to the remote mountain village. ____________________ 3) The experienced doctor delivered three babies successfully in one night. _______________________________ 10. effect 1) Some people may experience mild side effects after taking this medicine. _______________________________ 2) Regular exercise has a positive effect on people’s physical and mental health. ____________________________ 3) The new traffic regulations will take effect from the first day of next month. _____________________________ 11. effort 1) The research team spared no effort to develop a new vaccine against the virus. ___________________________ 2) She made a great effort to overcome her fear of public speaking.______________________________________ 阅读篇 Reading skills: 1. What kind of text is it? _____________________________________ 2. How are the events arranged? The text is organized in_______________________. 3. Write down the main idea of each paragraph Paragraph 1: ________________________________________ Paragraph 2: ________________________________________ Paragraph 3: ________________________________________ Paragraph 4: ________________________________________ Paragraph 5: ________________________________________ 4. What happened during the earthquake? The damage caused by the earthquake At 3:42 a.m., ________________________________________ _________kilometers directly below, ...damage more than _________kilometers... _________of the nation felt the earthquake. A huge crack that was________ kilometers long and _________meters wide cut across... In less than________ minute, a large city lay in ruins. The suffering of the people _______of the people died or were injured during the earthquake. _______________children were left without parents. The number of people who were killed or...reached more than_________________ 5. What do you think helped in the revival of Tangshan city? unify strong support from the government the tireless efforts of the city’s people 一方有难，八方支援 various help from the whole nation 6. What should we do if we come across an earthquake? Stay calm________________________ Go to an open space________________ Stay away from...__________________ Hide under...______________________ Call...if possible___________________ Language points: P50: Para1 Key points and exercises : 1. There are deep cracks that appeared in the well walls. 1) The team_______ Lang Ping had built was falling apart. (P38) 2) This is the camera_______I used to take photos during the trip. 3) My hometown, ________ is a small coastal city, has changed a lot. 4) The doctor ______ treated my grandmother last year won an award. 5) The professor _______ we met at the lecture is from Harvard. 6) Do you know the student _______ essay was published in the magazine? 7) The museum ________opened last month has many collections. 2. At least one well had some smelly gas coming out of it. have sth doing 让某人或某物持续处于某种状态或动作，强调动作的持续性 They had the music playing softly during the dinner party._________________________________ The boss had the workers working overtime to finish the project.____________________________ have sth done使某物被处理 He had his hair______(cut) yesterday. We need to have the house______(repair) before winter. 3. Mice ran out of the fields looking for places to hide. Mice ran out of the fields to look for places to hide. The children ran along the street _______(laugh) loudly. She sat by the window _______(read) a novel. places to hide = places that can be used to hide I need a pen _____(write) with. 4. Chickens and even pigs were too nervous to eat. too后面跟普通形容词比如heavy，difficult，slow等，表达太...而不能，强调否定意义。 这个箱子太重了我搬不动。The box is too heavy to carry. 她年纪太小了，不能上学。She is too young to go to school. He is too eager to learn English._____________________________________________________ She is too glad to accept the invitation.________________________________________________ too后面接ready，eager，glad，willing，anxious等情感态度类形容词，强调非常愿意或渴望做某事。 5. Bright lights were seen in the sky outside the city. 请圈出下列句子中的被动结构： The classroom is cleaned every morning. The letter was sent yesterday. The project will be finished next month. The bridge is being built now. Many trees have been planted in the park. The problem must be solved immediately. Para 2 Key points and exercises : 1. It seemed as if the world were coming to an end! 虚拟语气 时间 从句中谓语动词形式 与现在事实相反 did/were 与过去事实相反 had done 与将来事实相反 would/should/might/could+do were to do 请识别下列句子中的语气： She talks as if she knew everything. ____________ He looked as if he had seen a ghost. ____________ It seems as if it is going to rain. ________________ He stood there as if thinking deeply. ____________ 2. 定语从句 课文原文： One of the most deadly earthquakes of the 20th century had begun, a quake that even caused damage more than 150 kilometers away in Beijing. 3.Two thirds of the people who lived there were dead or injured. 4.The number of people who were killed or badly injured in the quake was more than 400,000. 练习： 1) This is the boy _____ won the prize. 2) The river ________ runs through the city is very clean. 3) The man_______is talking to our teacher is a doctor. 4) This is the factory _________produces mobile phones. 5) I met a writer ____ new novel has won several national awards. 2024 新高考 II 卷 Chinese cultural elements因素 commemorating纪念 Tang Xianzu, ______ is known as “the Shakespeare of Asia,” add an international character to Stratford-upon-Avon. 2023 全国甲卷 Yellowstone was the largest U.S. national park until Wrangell-Saint Elias in southern Alaska, _________ became a national monument纪念碑 in 1978, took the honors in 1980. 2024 新高考 I 卷 The Glasshouse stands as a great achievement in contemporary当代的 design, to house为...提供住所；安置，容纳 the plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing追溯，沿着 the steps along the Silk Route ________ brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia to define定义，解释；塑造，决定 much of the richness of gardening园艺 in England. 主谓一致+定从： 1) The number of students who ______ (be) late for the exam ______ (be) surprisingly small. 2) A number of old buildings that ______ (have) a long history ______ (be) going to be repaired next year. 3) Tom, as well as his classmates who ______ (be) interested in science, ______ (plan) to visit the science museum this weekend. along with, including... 4) Neither the teacher nor the students who ______ (prepare) for the competition ______ (know) the final result yet. 5) There ______ (be) a number of books on the desk that ______ (belong) to my brother. Para5 Key points and exercises : With常考点： 1.with具体工具；by方式手段；in抽象方式 He cut the apple_______a sharp knife. He touched the baby _______ gentle hands. He communicate with his team______email. He improved his English______reading aloud every morning. in的短语： 处于某种状态：in danger, in trouble, in surprise,; 表达方式方法：in detail, in person; 表示总结或逻辑：in fact, in a word, in conclusion; 其他常用：in the future, in a hurry, in other words 填空：in detail, in a hurry, in public, in person As soon as the bell rang, he left the classroom_________. The manager explained ________. He refused to discuss his personal life_________. You should sign the document__________. 2.with搭配 _______the teacher's help, he made great progress. 在老师的帮助下 _______the development of technology, more people choose to work from home. 随着科技的发展 We had a discussion ______ our partners about the project.和父母讨论 动词搭配：agree with, communicate with, deal with, compare with, 形容词搭配：be satisfied with, be angry with 3.with的复合结构 She walked along the street______her dog. 句式转化： She walked along the street______her dog running beside her. He left the room______the door open. A girl______a book in her hand walked by. ______the machine running, we can finish te work faster. ______the problem solved, they went out to celebrate. 练习: 1) With the teacher ______ us, we finished the group project ahead of time. A. help B. helping C. helped D. to help 2) With the problem ______, they went back to their classrooms happily. A. solve B. solving C. solved D. to solve 3) With so much homework ______, the student had to give up the weekend trip. A.do B. doing C. done D. to do 课文定语从句练习： 1. There were deep cracks_____ appeared in the well walls. 2. Two thirds of the people ____ lived there were dead or injured. 3. The army sent 150,000 soldiers to Tangshan to dig out those ____were trapped and to bury the dead. 4. Workers built shelters for survivors _____ homes had been destroyed. 5. _____strong support from the government and the tireless efforts of the city's people, a new Tangshan was built upon the earthquake ruins. 6. The new city has become a home____ more than seven milion people. 7. Tangshan city has proved____ China and the rest of the world____in times of disaster, people must unify and show the _____(wise) to stay positive and rebuild for a brighter future. 语法篇 定语从句---关系代词篇 关系代词只用that不用which的情况： 1)先行词是something, anything, nothing, everything等不定代词。 2)先行词是all, much, little, none或先行词被all, much, little, no, any修饰时。 3)先行词被最高级、序数词以及the first, the last, the very, the only, the same修饰时。 4)先行词有两个，一个指人，一个指物，关系代词用that。 5)先行词前面有which，who等疑问代词时，为避免重复，用关系代词that。 关系代词只用which不能用that的情况: 关系代词直接放在介词的后面时，要用which，不用that；要用whom，不用that。 引导非限制性定语从句时，要用which, who, whom,不用that，也不能省略。 先行词本身是that时。 Exercises: 1. He told me everything______ he knew. 他把他知道的一切都告诉了我。 2. She was the only person______understood me. 她是唯一理解我的人。 3. He talked about the schools and teachers______he had visited. 他谈到了他访问过的学校和老师们。 4. Which of the books_______you borrowed is the most interesting? 你借的书中哪一本最有趣？ 5. His car, ______ was parked outside, was stolen. 他的车被偷了，那辆车当时停在外面。 写作篇 1. 主题语境写作：防灾减灾 To help students learn more about natural disasters, our school organized an activity last Friday. During the activity, students learned some basic ways to deal with different natural disasters. They were also exposed to a VR environment to deeply experience the power and danger of natural disasters. Compared with the knowledge they had learned in class, their own personal experiences was more practical and impressive. Clearly/ Obviously, not only did the students improve their survival skills, but they also truly believed that living in harmony with nature is important. This activity turned out a success and all the participants spoke highly of it. 为了帮助学生了解更多地自然灾害，上周五我校组织了一项活动。 活动中，学生们学习了应对各类自然灾害的基本方法。他们还通过虚拟现实环境深刻体验了自然灾害的威力与危险。与课堂所学知识相比，他们自己的亲身体验切实可行和印象深刻。显而易见，学生们不仅提升了生存技能，更真正认识到与自然和谐共生是很重要的。 这次活动取得了圆满成功，所有参与者都给予了高度评价。 2. 背诵默写 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $