摘要:
该初中英语讲义以“Unit 3 My School”为主题,通过知识框架图系统构建核心考点体系,涵盖句型、介词、词汇等12个模块,用对比表格梳理易混点如in front of与in the front of的区别,思维导图呈现there be句型与have/has的内在联系,清晰标注中考高频考点分布。
讲义亮点在于“考点-真题-解析”三维练习设计,每个考点匹配2023-2025年中考真题如2023四川眉山考What’s...like?句型,通过关键解析培养学生语言运用能力与思维辨析品质。针对exercise的可数不可数辨析等难点,提供“语境记忆法”指导,基础学生可通过例题掌握考点,优秀学生能深化知识迁移,助力教师精准教学与学生自主复习。
内容正文:
Unit 3 My School 核心考点句+2023-2025中考真题解析
1. 考点句1:What is your school like?(你的学校是什么样的?)
核心考点:“What’s...like?”句型用法(询问事物特征、性质)、like 作介词“像……样子”
关键解析:该句型用于询问人或事物的外观、性质、状况等,不能用“How is your school?”完全替换(后者侧重询问学校的运行状态或近期情况)。
真题例题1(2023·四川眉山中考)
— ________ is your new classroom like?
— It’s bright and big with a smart whiteboard.
A. How B. What C. Where D. Which
答案:B
解析:答语描述教室的特征(明亮、宽敞、有智能白板),用“What’s...like?”句型询问事物特征;How 侧重询问方式或状态,Where 询问地点,Which 询问“哪一个”,故选 B。
真题例题2(2024·浙江宁波中考)
— ________ does your school look like?
— It has many modern buildings and a big sports field.
A. What B. How C. Who D. Where
答案:A
解析:答语介绍学校的外观布局(现代建筑、大运动场),用“What does...look like?”(与“What’s...like?”同义,侧重外观)提问;How 不与 look like 搭配,故选 A。
2. 考点句2:—Where’s the dining hall?(餐厅在哪里?)
—It's in front of the art building.(它在艺术楼的前面。)
核心考点:where 引导的位置特殊疑问句、in front of 的用法(范围外的“在……前面”)
关键解析:where 用于询问具体位置,答语需用介词短语;in front of 指两个独立物体之间的位置关系,与 in the front of(范围内的“在……前部”)区分。
真题例题1(2025·湖北黄石中考)
— ________ is the school library?
— It’s between the science building and the gym.
A. What B. Where C. How D. When
答案:B
解析:答语是具体位置(科学楼和体育馆之间),用 where 提问;What 询问事物,How 询问方式,When 询问时间,故选 B。
真题例题2(2023·山东枣庄中考)
There is a big tree ________ our classroom. We often sit under it to rest.
A. in front of B. in the front of C. behind D. beside
答案:A
解析:树和教室是独立物体,“树在教室前面”用 in front of;in the front of 指教室内部的前部(如讲台在教室前部),behind 表“在……后面”,beside 表“在……旁边”,均不符合语境,故选 A。
3. 考点句3:The teachers’ building is across from the school hall.(教师办公楼在学校礼堂的对面。)
核心考点:across from 的用法(“在……对面”)、across 与 cross/through/over 的辨析
关键解析:across from 是介词短语,后接地点名词;across 是介词(表“表面穿过”),cross 是动词(表“穿过”),through 表“从内部穿过”,over 表“从上方越过”。
真题例题1(2024·广西梧州中考)
The bookstore is ________ the post office. You can walk across the street to get there.
A. across from B. in front of C. behind D. beside
答案:A
解析:结合“穿过街道就能到达”,可知书店在邮局对面,across from 表“在……对面”;in front of 表“在……前面”,behind 表“在……后面”,beside 表“在……旁边”,故选 A。
真题例题2(2025·江苏泰州中考)
We need to ________ the bridge to get to the school gym.
A. across B. cross C. through D. over
答案:B
解析:空格前是情态动词 need to,需接动词原形;cross 是动词“穿过(表面)”,符合“过桥”(表面穿过)的语境;across 是介词,through 表“内部穿过”,over 表“上方越过”,故选 B。
4. 考点句4:—Is there a whiteboard in your classroom?(你教室有白板吗?)
—Yes, there is.(是的,有。)
核心考点:there be 句型的一般疑问句、“就近原则”、与 have/has 的辨析
关键解析:there be 表“某地有某物”(客观存在),have/has 表“某人/某物拥有”(从属关系);there be 句型中 be 动词的单复数由靠近的主语决定。
真题例题1(2023·河北邯郸中考)
— ________ there a reading corner in your classroom?
— Yes, it’s in the corner and has many books.
A. Is B. Are C. Have D. Has
答案:A
解析:主语 a reading corner 是单数,there be 句型的一般疑问句用 Is 开头;have/has 不能与 there 连用,故选 A。
真题例题2(2024·四川宜宾中考)
There ________ a desk, two chairs and a smart whiteboard in the office.
A. is B. are C. have D. has
答案:A
解析:there be 句型遵循“就近原则”,靠近 be 动词的主语 a desk 是单数,故用 is;have/has 不与 there 连用,故选 A。
5. 考点句5:We put up important notices there.(我们在那里张贴重要通知。)
核心考点:put up 的短语用法(“张贴;搭建;举起”)、“动词+副词”短语的宾语位置
关键解析:put up 是“动词+副词”结构,代词作宾语时需放在中间(put it up),名词作宾语时可放中间或后面(put up the notice/put the notice up)。
真题例题1(2025·浙江丽水中考)
Could you help me ________ the poster on the wall? We need to let students know the club activity.
A. put up B. put on C. put away D. put off
答案:A
解析:结合“海报”“让学生知道俱乐部活动”,可知是“张贴海报”,put up 表“张贴”;put on 表“穿上”,put away 表“收好”,put off 表“推迟”,故选 A。
真题例题2(2023·甘肃兰州中考)
They will ________ a tent for the campers in the mountain.
A. put up B. put on C. put out D. put down
答案:A
解析:结合“帐篷”“露营者”,可知是“搭建帐篷”,put up 表“搭建”;put on 表“穿上”,put out 表“扑灭”,put down 表“放下”,故选 A。
6. 考点句6:There are some pictures of famous people on the wall.(墙上有一些名人的照片。)
核心考点:famous 的用法、be famous for 与 be famous as 的辨析
关键解析:famous 是形容词“著名的”,be famous for 后接闻名的原因(因……而著名),be famous as 后接身份、职业(以……身份而著名)。
真题例题1(2024·山东威海中考)
Beijing is ________ its many places of interest, like the Great Wall and the Forbidden City.
A. famous for B. famous as C. known to D. good at
答案:A
解析:“许多名胜古迹”是北京著名的原因,用 be famous for;be famous as 后接身份(如 be famous as a city),known to 表“为……所知”,good at 表“擅长”,故选 A。
真题例题2(2025·福建龙岩中考)
Mo Yan is ________ a great writer around the world.
A. famous for B. famous as C. famous to D. famous with
答案:B
解析:“伟大的作家”是莫言的身份,用 be famous as;be famous for 后接原因(如 his works),故选 B。
7. 考点句7:Thanks for your email.(谢谢你的邮件。)
核心考点:Thanks for... 的用法(“因……而感谢”)、for 后接名词/代词/动名词
关键解析:Thanks for = Thank you for,for 是介词,后接动词时需用动名词形式(doing)。
真题例题1(2023·四川达州中考)
Thanks for ________ me with my English homework. It’s very kind of you.
A. help B. helping C. to help D. helped
答案:B
解析:for 是介词,后接动名词形式,help 的动名词是 helping;A 是原形,C 是不定式,D 是过去式,故选 B。
真题例题2(2024·湖北荆州中考)
— Thanks for your advice on how to improve my English.
— ________.
A. You’re welcome B. That’s right C. Never mind D. It’s OK
答案:A
解析:对 Thanks for... 的回应用“You’re welcome”(不客气);That’s right 表“那是对的”,Never mind 表“没关系”,It’s OK 表“还好”,故选 A。
8. 考点句8:To answer your question, my new school is great!(为了回答你的问题,我的新学校很棒!)
核心考点:动词不定式作目的状语(to do sth. 表“为了做某事”)
关键解析:不定式作目的状语可置于句首(强调目的)或句末,逻辑主语与句子主语一致。
真题例题1(2025·辽宁营口中考)
________ get good grades in the exam, she studies hard every day.
A. To B. For C. With D. On
答案:A
解析:“努力学习”的目的是“考试得好成绩”,用不定式 to do 作目的状语;for 后接名词(不能接动词原形),with/on 无此用法,故选 A。
真题例题2(2023·广西桂林中考)
He gets up early every morning ________ catch the first bus to school.
A. in order to B. so that C. because D. because of
答案:A
解析:“早起”的目的是“赶上第一班公交车”,in order to 后接动词原形(与 to do 同义,语气更正式);so that 后接从句,because 表原因(接从句),because of 表原因(接名词),故选 A。
9. 考点句9:All the students go there and do exercises together in the morning.(所有的学生早上都一起去那里做体操。)
核心考点:exercise 的词性与词义辨析(不可数名词“锻炼”;可数名词“练习/体操”)
关键解析:exercise 作不可数名词时表“身体锻炼”(do exercise),作可数名词时表“练习题”(math exercises)或“体操”(morning exercises/eye exercises)。
真题例题1(2024·山东烟台中考)
My father does ________ every morning to keep healthy, and I do English ________ every evening.
A. exercise; exercise B. exercises; exercises C. exercise; exercises D. exercises; exercise
答案:C
解析:第一空“锻炼”是不可数名词(do exercise),第二空“英语练习题”是可数名词(do exercises),故选 C。
真题例题2(2025·江苏泰州中考)
We do ________ every Monday morning. It’s good for our health.
A. morning exercise B. morning exercises C. morning’s exercise D. mornings exercises
答案:B
解析:“做早操”是固定搭配 do morning exercises,exercise 用复数形式;A 是单数(错误),C、D 形式错误,故选 B。
10. 考点句10:This week, I sit next to my best friend,Han Lin.(这周,我坐在我最好的朋友韩琳旁边。)
核心考点:next to 的用法(“紧靠……旁边;贴近”)、与 beside/near 的辨析
关键解析:next to 强调“紧挨着”,距离比 beside 更近,near 表示“在……附近”(距离较远)。
真题例题1(2023·河北唐山中考)
There is a small garden ________ my house. I often water the flowers there.
A. next to B. far from C. across from D. in front of
答案:A
解析:结合“经常在那里浇花”,可知花园离房子很近,next to 表“紧挨着”;far from 表“远离”,across from 表“在对面”,in front of 表“在前面”,故选 A。
真题例题2(2024·四川绵阳中考)
The teacher’s desk is ________ the blackboard. All students can see it clearly.
A. next to B. behind C. far from D. in the middle of
答案:A
解析:结合“学生能清楚看到”,可知讲桌在黑板旁边,next to 表“紧挨着”;behind 表“在……后面”,far from 表“远离”,in the middle of 表“在……中间”,故选 A。
11. 考点句11:How about your school?(你的学校怎么样?)
核心考点:How about...? 句型用法(征求意见、询问状况)、与 What about...? 的同义替换
关键解析:How about 后接名词、代词或动名词,用于承接上文话题,询问对方相关情况或提出建议。
真题例题1(2025·浙江嘉兴中考)
— I like my new school. It has a big gym.
— ________ yours? Does it have a gym too?
A. How about B. What is C. How is D. What for
答案:A
解析:承接上文“谈论自己的学校”,询问对方的学校情况,用 How about;What is yours 需接 like(What is yours like?),How is yours 侧重询问运行状态,故选 A。
真题例题2(2023·山东青岛中考)
— We can join the reading club after school.
— ________ joining the sports club? I like playing basketball.
A. How about B. Why not C. Let’s D. Would you
答案:A
解析:提出替代建议(从阅读俱乐部改为体育俱乐部),How about 后接动名词 joining;Why not 后接动词原形,Let’s 后接动词原形,Would you 后接 like to do,故选 A。
12. 考点句12:How is Peter’s school similar to yours?(彼得的学校和你的学校有多相似?)
核心考点:be similar to 的用法(“与……相似”)、与 be different from 的反义关系
关键解析:similar 是形容词,后接介词 to(不能用 with);be similar to 与 be different from 是反义短语,可在同一语境中对比使用。
真题例题1(2024·广西梧州中考)
My school is similar ________ yours. We both have a modern library and a big sports field.
A. to B. with C. for D. at
答案:A
解析:固定搭配 be similar to,后接比较的对象;similar 不与 with/for/at 搭配,故选 A。
真题例题2(2025·湖北荆州中考)
— How is your new school different from your old one?
— It’s not similar ________ the old one. It has more modern buildings.
A. to B. with C. from D. for
答案:A
解析:结合“不同”,可知“与旧学校不相似”,用 be similar to 的否定形式;be different from 表“与……不同”,此处需接 similar 的固定搭配,故选 A。
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