Unit 3 Creativity（单元测试·基础卷）英语沪教版选择性必修第二册

2025-2026学年高二选择性必修第二册英语单元测试 Unit 3 ·基础卷（参考答案） I.Listening Comprehension （第1-10题, 每题1分；第11-20题，每题1.5分；共25分） 1-5 BACAA 6-10 ADAAC 11-13 BAA 14-16 ACB 17-20 BBAA II.Grammar and Vocabulary （每题1分；共20分） Section A 21. working 22. Updated 23. to evaluate 24. It 25. With 26. As 27. feed 28. further 29. may 30. in which Section B 31．H 32．J 33．C 34．I 35．D 36．A 37．F 38．G 39．E 40．B III.Reading Comprehension (共45分。 41-45每题1分；56-70每题2分) Section A 41．B 42．A 43．D 44．C 45．D 46．A 47．B 48．D 49．D 50．B 51．C 52．A 53．D 54．A 55．C Section B 56． B 57．C 58．A 59．D 60．D 61．C 62．D 63．A 64．C 65．A 66．D Section C 67． B 68．F 69．E 70．C IV.Summary Writing (共10分） 71. Being a visual thinker,Ann Grand thinks in pictures and her memories appear as specific images in her mind in time order. As a livestock equipment designer, she benefited from her ability to visualize her designs, which enabled her to perfect them before construction. Her keen observation of details led to designs that took into account animals’ feelings。 V.Translation (共15分。第1小题和第2小题,每题3分;第3题4分;第4题5分。) 72. The Spring outing provided students with an opportunity for relaxation. 73. Reducing the gap between rich and poor/ is one of the main challenges the government is facing. 74. Only by making full use of the limited time can we adapt to/fit in the fast-paced modern life. 75. Without doubt, a number of problems remain to be solved before the mass production and large-scale commercial application of self-driving vehicles. VI.Guided Writing (共25分) Dear Sir/ Madam, I am Li Hua, a Senior 3 student from China and I’m studying in London now. I am writing to apply to be a volunteer for the Chinese painting exhibition. I believe I will be qualified for the job. As a super fan of art, I am keen to expose myself to various art-related activities. A good command of English especially in spoken English ensures me to communicate properly with visitors from all over the world. I have also volunteered to serve as a guide in China’s National Museum, which will help me to do a good job. I’m eager to provide visitors with a good service and an experience they will always remember. I will appreciate it if you grant me an interview. I’m looking forward to your early reply. Yours, Li Hua 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司2 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025-2026学年高二选择性必修第二册英语单元测试 Unit 3 ·基础卷 学校:___________班级：___________姓名：___________分数：___________ （考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：140分） 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 I.Listening Comprehension （第1-10题, 每题1分；第11-20题，每题1.5分；共25分） Section A Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. A. Some stockings. B. Some paper. C. A book. D. A shelf. 2. A. He is nervous about the exams. B. He failed in the graduation exam. C. He is not well-prepared for the exam. D. He is worried about the result of the exam. 3. A. She has already seen the movie. B. She doesn't like science fiction. C. She plans to attend the fair. D. She can't meet the man on Saturday. 4. A. Not to play any computer game. B. Not to do any crossword puzzle. C. To help the woman repair the computer. D. To spend more time on vocabulary. 5. A. He seldom keeps his patients waiting for long. B. He forgets to put the man on his schedule. C. He is hard to make an appointment with. D. He is usually very busy every Monday. 6. A. She doesn't put her ideas into practice. B. She likes to sleep. C. She doesn't have many ideas. D. She has too many dreams. 7. A. Go over their homework assignments. B. Talk with their professor. C. Reread their textbooks. D. Review the notes of the lectures. 8. A. He doesn't want to go to the opera. B. He can't afford to buy the ticket. C. He needs a break from the math problem. D. He’ ll meet the woman if he finishes the math problem. 9. A. Schedule a committee meeting. B. Join her committee soon. C. Form a new organizing committee. D. Find out when the conference will be held. 10. A. She isn't expecting her trip. B. She has visited San Frančisco before. C. She won't need a tour guide. D. The man should have called her relatives. Section B Directions: In Section B, you will hear two passages and one longer conversation. After each passage or conversation, you will be asked several questions. The passages and conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage. 11. A. To explain a new requirement for graduation. B. To interest students in a community service project. C. To discuss the problems of elementary school students. D. To enroll elementary school teachers for a special program. 12. A. To offer tutorials to elementary school students. B. To find jobs for graduating students. C. To help education majors prepare for final exams. D. To provide funding for a community service project. 13. A. He gives support to students participating in the program. B. He observes elementary school students in the classroom. C. He teaches part-time in an elementary school. D. He helps students prepare their resumés. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage. 14. A. A new discovery about Picasso's paintings. B. The value of Picasso's masterpieces. C. A change in Picasso's painting style. D. The characteristics of Picasso's works. 15. A. Black and white. B. Red and brown. C. Orange and yellow. D. Purple and pink. 16. A. To correct mistakes in the initial painting process. B. To better convey the emotions he intended. C. To improve the technical quality of the paintings. D. To experiment with different color combinations. Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation. 17. A. Why our body grows. B. A fact about teeth. C. Childhood memories. D. How fast feet grow. 18. A. Feet. B. Teeth. C. Bones. D. Hairs. 19. A. They don't grow or change. B. They are located inside each tooth. C. They are made of bones. D. They don't develop until adulthood. 20. A. They are replaced by adult teeth. B. They grow larger to fit the adult mouth. C. They change their shape. D. They are combined to form larger teeth. II.Grammar and Vocabulary （每题1分；共20分） Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Digital twins are fast becoming part of everyday life When visiting a doctor a few years from now, you can expect to be accompanied by a virtual version of yourself. This so-called digital twin will be a ____21____ (work) model of your body that can be summoned (传唤) onto a physician’s computer screen. ____22____ (update) with your latest vital signs, it will help the doctor make an accurate diagnosis. It also opens the door for medicines and procedures designed specifically for you, greatly increasing recovery rates. This might seem like fantasy, but the foundations are being laid. Researchers at Queen Mary University of London already use computer simulations of the hearts of individual patients ____23____ (evaluate) different treatments for atrial fibrillation (心房颤动), a common disorder. ____24____ would be far too risky to experiment this way on someone’s real heart. ____25____ other organs also being twinned by scientists, it seems likely they will eventually link up to form a virtual body. As our Science & technology section reports, digital twins are starting to pop up everywhere. They began as basic computer models of physical objects and systems. ____26____ computers have become more powerful, twins have become more sophisticated. Complex design and modelling software means many physical objects initially take shape in the virtual world. Small sensors, capable of measuring all sorts of things, ____27____ (feed) twins with real-time data, ensuring that they mirror their physical counterparts. A Formula 1 racing car, for instance, may have more than 250 sensors updating its digital twin during a grand prix. The use of AI takes all this much ____28____ (far), allowing virtual models to become more sophisticated, and to both simulate and optimize activities in the real world. You ____29____ worry that this signals a dystopian (反乌托邦的) future; Morpheus, a character in a science-fiction film from 1999____30____ _______a perceptive machine conquered humanity through pervasive virtual reality, had a name for it. He said: “The Matrix is everywhere. It is all around us.” Section B Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．digital B．initiative C． considerable D．safeguard E. cutting-edge F. access G. strictly H. weathered I. ever-present J. towers K. comprehensive AI goes ancient to preserve thousand-year-old Chinese pagoda In the heart of China’s Shanxi Province stands a remarkable testament to human ingenuity and resilience: the Yingxian Wooden Pagoda. Nearly a thousand years old, this architectural marvel has 31 the ravages of time, surviving the chaos of wars and the fury of natural disasters. Standing 67 meters high, the structure - also called the Sakyamuni Pagoda of the Fogong Temple - 32 above the surrounding landscape, multi-tiered wooden roofs offering a striking contrast to the rolling hills and smaller buildings that dot the region. Even with its staggering resilience, the pagoda is showing its 33 age. Built in 1056 and recognized by UNESCO as the world’s oldest and tallest entirely wooden structure, the Yingxian pagoda faces the inevitable effects of time: weathering, structural fatigue, and the 34 threat of wood decay. In fact, it is no longer accessible to tourists who would otherwise leap at the chance to step back in time. Now, the pagoda’s unparalleled value to shared world heritage has inspired a revolutionary effort to preserve it for future generations. Lenovo, the global technology leader, will 35 this ancient treasure using groundbreaking artificial intelligence (AI) technology. In collaboration with Tsinghua University’s School of Architecture, Lenovo launched the “Smart Yingxian Pagoda” project to create a 36 twin of the pagoda that captures every exquisite detail of its architecture, from intricate wood grains to subtle imperfections in statues. This AI-powered replication is much more than just a high-fidelity virtual model - the interactive, navigable experience democratizes 37 to the pagoda’s splendor, allowing people from around the world to explore and study its ancient halls. Moreover, it accelerates ongoing restorative efforts and ensures they 38 adhere to the original style, preserving the pagoda’s historical integrity. “AI for cultural heritage is about using 39 technology to reach back a thousand years to preserve these wonders for the future,” said Shijie Mao, Lenovo vice president and director of research in Shanghai “We relentlessly pursue innovation and transformation, especially in the era of AI, but always with an eye on our communities and human experiences. This 40 embodies our commitment to smarter AI for all.” Looking ahead, Lenovo is exploring involvement in similar heritage preservation projects globally, welcoming more opportunities for collaboration. III.Reading Comprehension (共45分。 41-45每题1分；56-70每题2分) Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A. B.C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context A Neurologist’s Tips to Protect Your Memory As we age, our memory declines. This is a fixed 41 for many of us; however, according to neuroscientist Dr. Richard Restak, a neurologist and clinical professor, decline is not 42 . Ultimately, “we are what we can remember,” he said. Here are some of Dr. Restak’s tips for developing and 43 a healthy memory. Pay more attention. Some memory lapses are actually attention problems, not memory problems. 44 , if you’ve forgotten the name of someone you met at a cocktail party, it could be because you were talking with several people at the time. One way to pay attention when you learn new information is to 45 the word. Having a picture associated with the word, Restak said, can improve 46 . Find regular everyday memory challenges. There are many memory exercises that you can 47 into everyday life. Dr. Restak suggested composing a grocery list and memorizing it. When you get to the store, don’t 48 pull out your list (or your phone) — instead, pick up everything according to your memory. Once in a while, get in the car without turning on your GPS, and try to 49 through the streets from memory. A small 2020 study suggested that people who used GPS more frequently over time showed a steeper cognitive 50 in spatial memory three years later. Play games. Dr. Restak’s “favorite working memory game” is 20 Questions — in which a group thinks of a person, place or object, and the other person, the questioner, asks 20 questions with a yes-or-no answer. Because to succeed, he said, the questioner must hold all of the 51 answers in memory in order to guess the correct answer. The point is to 52 your working memory, “maintaining information and moving it around in your mind,” Restak wrote. Read more novels. One early indicator of memory issues, according to Dr. Restak, is 53 fiction. “People, when they begin to have memory difficulties, tend to switch to reading nonfiction,” he said. Fiction requires active engagement with the text, starting at the beginning and working through to the end. 54 technology. Storing everything on your phone means that “you don’t know it,” Dr. Restak said, which can 55 our own mental abilities. The second way our relationship with technology is harmful to memory is because it often takes our focus away from the task at hand. 41．A．accomplishment B．assumption C．regulation D．observation 42．A．inevitable B．dispensable C．reverse D．doubtful 43．A．striking B．enduring C．arousing D．maintaining 44．A．Nevertheless B．Moreover C．For instance D．Instead 45．A．demonstrate B．trace C．discover D．visualize 46．A．recall B．sight C．target D．instinct 47．A．enclose B．integrate C．evolve D．impose 48．A．steadily B．actively C．gradually D．automatically 49．A．adjust B．rush C．gesture D．navigate 50．A．performance B．decline C．awareness D．increase 51．A．modest B．original C．previous D．personal 52．A．engage B．drain C．insert D．fulfill 53．A．devoting to B．concentrating on C．giving in to D．giving up on 54．A．Beware of B．Stick to C．Long for D．Differ from 55．A．counter B．stock C．erode D．strengthen Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) My husband and I live near San Luis Obispo, California, close to the beach. In November 2023, during the humpback whale migration, we kayaked (划皮划艇) out to watch the wildlife. We were in awe watching these graceful whales breach and spray through their blowholes. At the time, my friend Liz was staying with us. Initially, she refused to join us on the water, fearing the kayak would overturn among the whales. After some cajoling (劝说) she finally agreed to join me. The following morning, we set out early and had our first whale sighting just past the pier: two humpbacks swimming toward us. How amazing to be that close to a creature that size, I thought as the whales dipped under the waterline. When whales go down after breaching, they leave what looks like an oil slick on the water. I figured if we paddled toward that spot, we’d be safe from the whales, since they’d just left. We followed them at a distance — or what I thought was a distance. I later found out that it’s recommended to keep 300 feet away. We were more like 60 feet away. Suddenly, we were surrounded by jumping silverfish fleeing from the whales. Before we could react, our kayak was lifted out of the water about six feet, bracketed by massive jaws. Liz and I slipped out of the kayak into the whale’s mouth. As the whale’s mouth closed, I felt the creature begin to dive and had no idea how deep we’d be dragged. Still, I didn’t panic. I just kept thinking. I’ve got to fight this. I’ve got to breathe. Whales have enormous mouths but tiny throats. Anything they can’t swallow they spit right out. That included us. As soon as the whale dipped underwater, it ejected us, and we popped back up onto the surface about a foot apart. The entire ordeal lasted only about 10 seconds. Other kayakers rushed to our aid, shocked to see us alive. But I am much more aware of the power of nature and the ocean than I was before. Liz was shaken up, comparing the ordeal to a near-death experience, and she says her whale-watching days are over. But even she had to laugh when she got home that afternoon and realized she’d brought back a souvenir. When she pulled off her shirt, six silverfish flopped out. 56．Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage? A．At first, Liz was hesitant to go on the kayaking trip because she was not interested in whale watching. B．If Liz and I had maintained a distance of 300 feet from the whales, we might have avoided the subsequent danger. C．Liz and I slipped into the whale’s mouth because jumping silverfish overturned our kayak. D．Liz is likely to go on another whale-watching trip someday because she found a precious souvenir from this kayaking. 57．How did the narrator feel during the whale encounter? A．Terrified and panicked. B．Disoriented underwater C．Calm and focused. D．Regretful about going kayaking. 58．The underlined word “ordeal” in Paragraph 5 probably means____. A．a challenging or difficult experience B．a thrilling experience C．a surprising encounter D．a joyful adventure 59．What would be the best title of this passage? A．How to Survive a Whale Attack B．Respecting the Power of Nature C．A Day at San Luis Obispo Beach D．I Survived Being Swallowed By a Whale (B) Know how much to tipNew rules of gratuities The pandemic has been particularly hard on people who work for tips. Some haven’t been able to do their jobs at all, while others don’t interact with customers the same way. In either case, tips dried up, causing a lot of people to suffer. Meanwhile, many customers felt the need to tip more because of the new risks and hardships that essential service workers suddenly faced. Just as many services have changed, so should tipping. Some old standards no longer seem fair, and several newer ones will apply long after the pandemic is over. Some new rules of tipping that are likely here to stay: Give more if you can. It’s common for tips to be divided between all the workers at a store or restaurant, not just those who interact directly with customers. So giving generously ensures a fairer tip for all. Think outside the (cash) box.   You can also “tip” with a thank-you note or a homemade gift when a business (or your budget) doesn’t permit gratuities. Consider writing a review online, making sure to name names. Treat business owners differently. A practice of the past, tipping the boss separately is no longer necessary. But if she serves you, tip her as you would any of her workers. As for specific situations, here’s what the experts recommend: FOOD AND DRINKS Restaurant workers Old rule: Leave a tip only when you dine in. New rule: Always tip, even for takeout. Tip: 15 to 20 percent when you dine in, and 10 to 15 percent on takeout or delivery orders. Personal shoppers Old rule: N/A (Not applicable). Many of these services, such as grocery pickup, are newer. New rule: Tip, and do it in the app, since you are unlikely to interact directly with your shopper. Tip: 10 to 15 percent. If a tip is already included, add a few dollars extra. HOME DELIVERIES Package delivery drivers Old rule: Don’t tip. New rule: Show appreciation if you get deliveries more than once a week. Tip: Drinks, snacks, or $5 to $20 if a package is particularly heavy or large. Postal workers cannot accept cash or gifts worth more than $50 per year. UPS tells drivers to decline tips unless a customer insists. And FedEx prohibits employees from accepting cash or cash equivalents (such as gift cards). Flower delivery drivers Old rule: The person who places the order tips those who deliver flowers (and other specialty items). New rule: You can’t assume the gift giver already tipped, so if you’re lucky enough to get such a delivery, pass the goodwill along in the form of a tip. Tip: $5 to $10. PERSONAL SERVICES Ride-share drivers Old rule: Tip in cash. New rule: Ask your driver. The Lyft and Uber apps let you add gratuities, but some drivers prefer cash. Tip: 15 to 20 percent. 60．New rules of tipping are recommended because . A．the pandemic has driven many businesses to financial ruin B．some people have to work from home without interaction C．customers dismiss the old standards as unfair to themselves D．some old tipping standards can’t help some service workers out now 61．Which of the following is TRUE? A．Tip every worker fairly in case some may keep the money to himself. B．The more you tip, the better service you will receive. C．Writing a review online is highly recommended to express gratitude. D．There is no need to tip the boss because he doesn’t provide any service. 62． did best in tipping according to the recommended rules. Name Situation Tip Ginna order a roast goose ($50) at Kam’s Roasts for takeout $0 for the waiter Joan take a delivery of a package from FedEx (bottled water, 500ml, 24-pack) $10 for the FedEx delivery man Susan receive a bunch of flowers delivered by a Flower Plus driver $5 (cash) for the gardener Linn take a Uber ($15) from St Vincent’s Hospital to the Central Library $3 (cash) for the driver A．Ginna B．Joan C．Susan D．Linn (C) The danger of a major solar storm is now at its highest in over a decade As the Sun reaches the peak of its activity cycle, the odds of such a storm hitting Earth rise along with its associated risks, including blackouts, disabled satellites and damaged cell phones and GPS networks. In the most extreme scenarios, some power grids could be knocked out for weeks or even months. But that is the worst case. In the face of such potential disaster, our best hope is to learn more about the Sun-Earth system, monitor solar activity and develop our ability to predict space weather. With the right precautions, solar activity could be a net positive for humanity, as it constantly protects us against harmful radiation from beyond the Solar System So whether we risk the dangers or reap the benefits of living with the Sun will come down to the same thing: our ability to predict and prepare for what our star is going to do next. The whole prediction process is like forecasting normal weather the more you understand the system, the better you can predict what it will do. This is no easy task when it comes to our star. The Sun is complex and not yet well understood, and scientists must also get a better handle on how its emissions travel through space and affect Earth. Compared to forecasting the normal weather, our space weather predictions are about 50 years behind That’s why missions like the Parker Solar Probe - the first spacecraft ever to touch the Sun-are all the more important. Launched in 2018, Parker has already made several discoveries about how the Sun transports energy outward into space. The spacecraft’s data have helped scientists improve their ability to predict exactly when an event at the Sun will later reach Earth. Establishing that timing is important, because it’s an essential first step to an early warning system that would help avoid the worst-case scenario. Yet our current projects are not enough. Parker is not designed to act as a full-time warming system, and it can only study the Sun from one angle at a time. So a constellation of satellites around the Sun are recommended to completely monitor the Sun and always be ready to send warnings back to Earth. 63．Which of the following is closest in meaning to the underlined word! A．obtain B．eliminate C．strengthen D．tolerate 64．Which of the following is mentioned in paragraph 2? A．The solar system releases a lot of harmful radiation to humanity. B．People must learn more to reverse the worst result caused by the Sun. C．Solar activities, if dealt with properly, can be very beneficial to humanity. D．The potential disaster can be fully prevented if we make accurate prediction. 65．What is the main message conveyed in the passage? A．Improving space weather predictions is crucial for preparedness. B．The Sun’s energy transport mechanisms have been fully understood. C．The frequency of solar storms has significantly increased over the past decade. D．A full-time warning system is the only solution to preventing solar storm impacts. 66．What will the following paragraphs probably talk about? A．The sunny sides of space weather and solar activities B．The drawback of the current solar prediction projects. C．The ways to protect the Earth from potential solar storms. D．The measures to improve and redesign the Parker Solar Probe. Section C Directions: Complete the following passage by using the sentences in the box. Each sentence can only be used once. Note that there are two sentences more than you need. Many of our most worrying problems, from overeating to not saving enough for retirement to not working out enough have something in common: lack of self-control. Self-control is what gives us the capacity to say no to choices that are immediately satisfying but costly in the long term — that a piece of chocolate cake (instead of an apple), that afternoon in front of the couch (instead of a visit to the gym). 67 The problem of self-control has puzzled psychologists and behavioral scientists for decades. A great deal of research has identified situations in which self-control failures are likely to happen and tools to help people exercise better control. 68 These motivating incentives can increase our self-control, at least up to a point. Entrepreneurs have also become interested in self-control, as is evident from the many diet and exercise apps and gadgets on the market. To take one notable example, on the commitment contract website stickK.com, users put down some money (say, $200) and state a goal they want to achieve (such as to lose ten pounds in a month). 69 If they meet their goal, they earn their money back. If they don’t, they lose the money. Tools like stickK.com can be effective, but they are often difficult to implement. My colleagues and I conducted a new research to point to a different solution that may be easier to carry out: using rituals. 70 Players in all sorts of sports have rituals that involve actions such as eating the same foods in exactly the same order before a game. From the way some prepare their coffee to the way people celebrate important life events, like weddings or graduations, rituals are a part of our daily life. And though they may seem useless, or even silly, research has found that rituals are powerful. A．They have to point out someone to monitor them and ensure they reach the goal or donate the money. B．Despite our best intentions, we often fail to meet our goals. C．Rituals are series of steps we take while attaching some kind of symbolic meaning. D．In the past, my colleagues and I have found that rituals reduce anxiety before stressful tasks, and improve performance. E．They also need to state what will happen to the money if they don’t stick to their commitments (e.g., it’ll go to a friend or to a charity they do not like). F．For instance, research has found that people persist for longer on tasks that require self-control when they know they’ll be paid for their efforts, or when they are told that their work will benefit others. IV.Summary Writing (共10分） Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point( s)of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. Ann Grand: A Visual Thinker Ann Grand is a visual thinker. When somebody speaks to her, the words are instantly translated into pictures, like a video in her head. Unlike most people, her thoughts move from video-like images to generalizations and concepts. Furthermore, her memories usually appear in her imagination in order of time, and the images visualized are always specific. For example,if she thinks about a chimney, she sees detailed pictures, like the one in her old house and then those in her hometown. That one word can tun into a full-length video in her head. Grand's mind works like the Internet search engine which produces dozens of images of an object a user is searching for. Visual thinking has enabled grand to build entire systems in her imagination which works similarly to a computer program because it can produce three-dimensional design simulations(三维仿真设计).This was important to her as an equipment designer for the livestock industry. Before she started construction on her designs, she would test-run the equipment in her mind She formed mental pictures of her designs in every possible situation, with different sizes and breeds of cattle and in different weather conditions. This process made it possible for her to correct mistakes before construction started. Grand's mind is also sensitive to details, which was important in her work with cattle. Her sharp awareness of the visual world led to noteworthy observations about animals, She noticed many little things that most people would not consider that seared the cattle. For example, a coat on a fence or a pipe on the floor would frighten them away. Grand's visualization abilities have also helped her understand the animals she worked with. This led her to create designs ranging from sweeping, curved fences intended to reduce the stress experienced by animals that were going to be killed to systems for handling sick cattle and pigs. 71.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ V.Translation (共15分。第1小题和第2小题,每题3分;第3题4分;第4题5分。) Directions:Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets 72. 这次春游为同学们提供了放松的机会。(provide) ________________ 73. 缩小贫富差距是政府面临的主要挑战之一。(face) ________________ 74. 只有充分利用有限的时间, 才能适应快节奏的现代生活。(Only) ________________ 75. 毫无疑问，无人驾驶汽车在批量生产和大范围商用之前还有不少问题需要解决。(remain) ________________ VI.Guided Writing (共25分) Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华，暑假在伦敦学习。你得知当地美术馆要举办中国画展览，非常感兴趣，请写一封信申请当志愿讲解员。 内容包括：1. 申请理由；2. 表达感谢。 注意：1. 写作词数为100词左右；2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Sir/ Madam, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司22 / 23 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025-2026学年高二选择性必修第二册英语单元测试 Unit 3 ·基础卷 学校:___________班级：___________姓名：___________分数：___________ （考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：140分） 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 I.Listening Comprehension （第1-10题, 每题1分；第11-20题，每题1.5分；共25分） Section A Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. A. Some stockings. B. Some paper. C. A book. D. A shelf. 2. A. He is nervous about the exams. B. He failed in the graduation exam. C. He is not well-prepared for the exam. D. He is worried about the result of the exam. 3. A. She has already seen the movie. B. She doesn't like science fiction. C. She plans to attend the fair. D. She can't meet the man on Saturday. 4. A. Not to play any computer game. B. Not to do any crossword puzzle. C. To help the woman repair the computer. D. To spend more time on vocabulary. 5. A. He seldom keeps his patients waiting for long. B. He forgets to put the man on his schedule. C. He is hard to make an appointment with. D. He is usually very busy every Monday. 6. A. She doesn't put her ideas into practice. B. She likes to sleep. C. She doesn't have many ideas. D. She has too many dreams. 7. A. Go over their homework assignments. B. Talk with their professor. C. Reread their textbooks. D. Review the notes of the lectures. 8. A. He doesn't want to go to the opera. B. He can't afford to buy the ticket. C. He needs a break from the math problem. D. He’ ll meet the woman if he finishes the math problem. 9. A. Schedule a committee meeting. B. Join her committee soon. C. Form a new organizing committee. D. Find out when the conference will be held. 10. A. She isn't expecting her trip. B. She has visited San Frančisco before. C. She won't need a tour guide. D. The man should have called her relatives. Section B Directions: In Section B, you will hear two passages and one longer conversation. After each passage or conversation, you will be asked several questions. The passages and conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage. 11. A. To explain a new requirement for graduation. B. To interest students in a community service project. C. To discuss the problems of elementary school students. D. To enroll elementary school teachers for a special program. 12. A. To offer tutorials to elementary school students. B. To find jobs for graduating students. C. To help education majors prepare for final exams. D. To provide funding for a community service project. 13. A. He gives support to students participating in the program. B. He observes elementary school students in the classroom. C. He teaches part-time in an elementary school. D. He helps students prepare their resumés. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage. 14. A. A new discovery about Picasso's paintings. B. The value of Picasso's masterpieces. C. A change in Picasso's painting style. D. The characteristics of Picasso's works. 15. A. Black and white. B. Red and brown. C. Orange and yellow. D. Purple and pink. 16. A. To correct mistakes in the initial painting process. B. To better convey the emotions he intended. C. To improve the technical quality of the paintings. D. To experiment with different color combinations. Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation. 17. A. Why our body grows. B. A fact about teeth. C. Childhood memories. D. How fast feet grow. 18. A. Feet. B. Teeth. C. Bones. D. Hairs. 19. A. They don't grow or change. B. They are located inside each tooth. C. They are made of bones. D. They don't develop until adulthood. 20. A. They are replaced by adult teeth. B. They grow larger to fit the adult mouth. C. They change their shape. D. They are combined to form larger teeth. 【答案】 1-5 BACAA 6-10 ADAAC 11-13 BAA 14-16 ACB 17-20 BBAA 【听力原文】 Section A Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, you will have seven seconds to decide which choice is the best answer to the question you have heard. Now you have 100 seconds to read all the choices on the screen. 1. W: I need to buy some high-quality paper, but I didn't see any on that shelf. M: Let me go back to the stockroom to have a look. Q: What does the woman want to buy? 2. W: Tom, you look awful today. What's wrong with you? M: Just the exams. You know, I haven't taken any for years since graduation. Q: What does Tom imply? 3. M: Do you know about the science fiction fair on Saturday? W: Of course, I wouldn't miss it for the world. Q: What does the woman mean? 4. W: Mike, what are you doing on your computer? Don't you remember your promise? M: This is not a game. It's only a crossword puzzle that helps increase my vocabulary. Q: What has Mike promised to do? 5. M: Last Monday when I was at Doctor Smith's Office, I spent over an hour in the waiting room. W: Really? Something must have come up that day. Q: What does the woman imply about Doctor Smith? 6. W: You call Mary a dreamer, but I think she's got a lot of good ideas. M: Good ideas are only useful if you make something out of them. Q: Why does the man think that Mary is a dreamer? 7. W: With so little time left to study for the history final, I think we should concentrate on going over our lecture notes. M: That sounds good. At least we have an idea what Professor Martin thinks important. Q: How do the speakers plan to prepare for the exam? 8. W: Would you like to come with me to the opera tonight? I' ve an extra ticket and I think it will take your mind off that math problem that you' ve been struggling with for the last two hours. M: That' ll be great but the opera is in what? Italian, right? I think I have a better chance of understanding this math problem. Q: What does the man imply? 9. M: The conference on career planning is only a month away, but there are still a few things that our organizing committee needs to work out. W: It's clear that we'd better meet again and soon. Would you mind setting it out? Q: What does the woman want the man to do? 10. M: Oh, we had the best tour guide when we were in San Francisco. I recommend him very highly for when you go there next month. W: Thanks, but I' ll be staying with my family and they are taking care of everything. Q: What does the woman imply? Section B Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, you will have seven seconds to decide which choice would be the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage. Now you have 30 seconds to read all the choices on the screen. Community service is an important component of education here at our university. We encourage all students to volunteer for at least one community activity before they graduate. A new community program called “One on One” helps elementary students who've fallen behind. You education majors might be especially interested in it, because it offers the opportunity to do some teaching—— that is tutoring in math and English. You’ d have to volunteer two hours a week for one semester. You can choose to help a child with math, English or both. Half-hour lessons are fine, so you could do a half hour of each subject two days a week. Professor Dodge will act as an instructor to the tutors. He’ ll be available to help you with lesson plans or to offer suggestions for activities. He has office hours every Tuesday and Thursday afternoon. You can sign up for the program with him and begin the tutoring next week. I'm sure you' ll enjoy this community service and you' ll gain valuable experience at the same time. It looks good on your resumé too, showing that you' ve had experience with children and that you care about your community. If you'd like to sign up or if you have any questions, stop by Professor Dodge's office this week. (Now listen again.) Questions 11. What is the purpose of the talk? 12. What is the purpose of the program the speaker describes? 13. What does Professor Dodge do? Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage. Now you have 30 seconds to read all the choices on the screen. Pablo Picasso, the famous Spanish artist of the early 20th century, was a pioneer in the art movement called Cubism. Before his involvement with Cubism, Picasso experienced a period in his career famously referred to as the Blue Period, noted for its dominant use of blue and green shades to convey sad themes and relative moods. Recent technological advancements have allowed scientists to see beneath the surface of some of Picasso’ s Blue Period masterpieces. Using tools such as infrared imaging, X-ray scanners, and advanced microscopy, researchers have uncovered that these paintings did not initially bear the blue that famously defines this era. Instead, the underlying layers reveal a combination of oranges and yellows—— colors traditionally associated with warmth. This revelation suggests that Picasso might have initially painted these scenes with a much lighter, perhaps more optimistic tone. However, he later chose to overlay these with shades of blue, possibly to match the paintings with the sad and reflective emotions he wanted to convey. This layering technique not only highlights Picasso's dynamic approach to his art but also reflects his consideration of color as a medium to express the complex human emotions reflected in his works. (Now listen again.) Questions 14. What is the passage mainly about? 15. What colors were originally used in some of Picasso's Blue Period paintings? 16. Why did Picasso possibly overlay the original warmer colors of his paintings with shades of blue during his Blue Period? Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation. Now you have 40 seconds to read all the choices on the screen. W: Did you know that during childhood, everything in your body is growing? M: Really? Like what? W: Your bones are getting longer, your body is getting taller, and even your feet grow so quickly that you might need new shoes every few months. M: Wow, that's a lot of growth! Is there anything that doesn't grow like that? W: Yes, actually. Your teeth don't join in that extended growth period. They stay the same size while the rest of you grows around them. M: Why don't teeth grow like other parts of the body? W: It's because teeth are covered in a hard substance called enamel. Enamel doesn't grow or change, unlike bones and hair. M: So what happens with our baby teeth if they don't grow? W: Baby teeth are the right size for a baby's mouth, but they' re not big enough for an adult mouth. That's why we replace them with a whole new set of adult teeth. M: That makes sense. It's amazing how our bodies know exactly what to do to adapt as we grow! (Now listen again.) Questions 17. What are the speakers mainly talking about? 18. Which of the following stay the same size even if a person is growing? 19. What can be learned about enamel from the conversation? 20. What happens to baby teeth as a person grows? II.Grammar and Vocabulary （每题1分；共20分） Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Digital twins are fast becoming part of everyday life When visiting a doctor a few years from now, you can expect to be accompanied by a virtual version of yourself. This so-called digital twin will be a ____21____ (work) model of your body that can be summoned (传唤) onto a physician’s computer screen. ____22____ (update) with your latest vital signs, it will help the doctor make an accurate diagnosis. It also opens the door for medicines and procedures designed specifically for you, greatly increasing recovery rates. This might seem like fantasy, but the foundations are being laid. Researchers at Queen Mary University of London already use computer simulations of the hearts of individual patients ____23____ (evaluate) different treatments for atrial fibrillation (心房颤动), a common disorder. ____24____ would be far too risky to experiment this way on someone’s real heart. ____25____ other organs also being twinned by scientists, it seems likely they will eventually link up to form a virtual body. As our Science & technology section reports, digital twins are starting to pop up everywhere. They began as basic computer models of physical objects and systems. ____26____ computers have become more powerful, twins have become more sophisticated. Complex design and modelling software means many physical objects initially take shape in the virtual world. Small sensors, capable of measuring all sorts of things, ____27____ (feed) twins with real-time data, ensuring that they mirror their physical counterparts. A Formula 1 racing car, for instance, may have more than 250 sensors updating its digital twin during a grand prix. The use of AI takes all this much ____28____ (far), allowing virtual models to become more sophisticated, and to both simulate and optimize activities in the real world. You ____29____ worry that this signals a dystopian (反乌托邦的) future; Morpheus, a character in a science-fiction film from 1999____30____ _______a perceptive machine conquered humanity through pervasive virtual reality, had a name for it. He said: “The Matrix is everywhere. It is all around us.” 【答案】21. working 22. Updated 23. to evaluate 24. It 25. With 26. As 27. feed 28. further 29. may 30. in which 【解析】 【导语】本文一篇说明文。文章介绍了数字孪生技术的应用及其未来发展，尤其是在医疗领域的潜力，如帮助医生诊断及制定个性化治疗方案，并概述了该技术在其他领域的现状与趋势。 【21题详解】 考查形容词。句意：这个所谓的数字孪生将是你身体的一个工作模型，可以被召唤到医生的电脑屏幕上。空格处用形容词修饰名词model，用working“（机器、系统等）运转的，运作的”来表示“可操作的模型”。故填working。 【22题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：更新你的最新生命体征，这将帮助医生做出准确的诊断。句子谓语动词是will help，空格处填入非谓语动词，update与其逻辑主语it之间是被动关系，要用过去分词形式作状语。故填updated。 【23题详解】 考查动词不定式。句意：伦敦玛丽女王大学的研究人员已经开始使用个别病人心脏的计算机模拟来评估不同的心房颤动治疗方案。use sth to do...，表示“用某物去做某事”，表示目的，用动词不定式结构作目的状语。故填to evaluate。 【24题详解】 考查代词。句意：对一个人的真实心脏进行这样的实验风险太大。空格处用it作形式主语，动词不定式to experiment this way on someone’s real heart是真正的主语，故用it指代提到的在心脏上进行的实验实践，放在句首首字母大写。故填It。 【25题详解】 考查介词。句意：随着其他器官也被科学家复制，他们最终可能会连接起来形成一个虚拟身体。空格处填入介词with表示“随着”，构成with的复合结构“with+宾语+现在分词作宾补”的结构，放在句首首字母大写。故填With。 【26题详解】 考查连词。句意：随着计算机变得更强大，孪生变得更加复杂。空格处引导时间状语从句，表示“随着”用as，表示计算机强大与双胞胎变得更加复杂几乎同时发生，放在句首首字母大写。故填As。 【27题详解】 考查动词的时态和语态。句意：小型传感器能够测量各种事物，以实时数据给孪生提供信息，确保它们反映其物理对应物。句子主语是Small sensors， capable of measuring all sorts of things是形容词短语作后置定语，空格处需要谓语动词，结合后文that引导的宾语从句中的mirror 可知句子陈述事实，用一般现在时，主语是复数，与feed之间是主动关系，谓语动词用原形，feed表示“提供数据给……”。故填feed。 【28题详解】 考查副词。句意：人工智能的使用使这一切更进一步，允许虚拟模型变得更加复杂，并在现实世界中进行模拟和优化活动。副词further修饰动词短语“takes…”，表示“更进一步，更远地”。故填further。 【29题详解】 考查情态动词。句意：你可能担心这意味着一个反乌托邦的未来。此处需要用情态动词来表达推测意义，表示可能性，用may来表示“可能”。故填may。 【30题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：1999年一部科幻电影中一个叫墨菲斯的角色说，一个聪明的机器通过无所不在的虚拟现实征服了人类。他说：“矩阵无处不在。它就在我们身边。”空格处引导定语从句，修饰先行词a science-fiction film，先行词为物，结合短语in the film可知可以用“介词in+which”来表示“在其中”，同时引导定语从句。故填in which。 Section B Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．digital B．initiative C． considerable D．safeguard E. cutting-edge F. access G. strictly H. weathered I. ever-present J. towers K. comprehensive AI goes ancient to preserve thousand-year-old Chinese pagoda In the heart of China’s Shanxi Province stands a remarkable testament to human ingenuity and resilience: the Yingxian Wooden Pagoda. Nearly a thousand years old, this architectural marvel has 31 the ravages of time, surviving the chaos of wars and the fury of natural disasters. Standing 67 meters high, the structure - also called the Sakyamuni Pagoda of the Fogong Temple - 32 above the surrounding landscape, multi-tiered wooden roofs offering a striking contrast to the rolling hills and smaller buildings that dot the region. Even with its staggering resilience, the pagoda is showing its 33 age. Built in 1056 and recognized by UNESCO as the world’s oldest and tallest entirely wooden structure, the Yingxian pagoda faces the inevitable effects of time: weathering, structural fatigue, and the 34 threat of wood decay. In fact, it is no longer accessible to tourists who would otherwise leap at the chance to step back in time. Now, the pagoda’s unparalleled value to shared world heritage has inspired a revolutionary effort to preserve it for future generations. Lenovo, the global technology leader, will 35 this ancient treasure using groundbreaking artificial intelligence (AI) technology. In collaboration with Tsinghua University’s School of Architecture, Lenovo launched the “Smart Yingxian Pagoda” project to create a 36 twin of the pagoda that captures every exquisite detail of its architecture, from intricate wood grains to subtle imperfections in statues. This AI-powered replication is much more than just a high-fidelity virtual model - the interactive, navigable experience democratizes 37 to the pagoda’s splendor, allowing people from around the world to explore and study its ancient halls. Moreover, it accelerates ongoing restorative efforts and ensures they 38 adhere to the original style, preserving the pagoda’s historical integrity. “AI for cultural heritage is about using 39 technology to reach back a thousand years to preserve these wonders for the future,” said Shijie Mao, Lenovo vice president and director of research in Shanghai “We relentlessly pursue innovation and transformation, especially in the era of AI, but always with an eye on our communities and human experiences. This 40 embodies our commitment to smarter AI for all.” Looking ahead, Lenovo is exploring involvement in similar heritage preservation projects globally, welcoming more opportunities for collaboration. 【答案】 31．H 32．J 33．C 34．I 35．D 36．A 37．F 38．G 39．E 40．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文介绍了联想集团与清华大学建筑学院合作，利用人工智能技术启动了“智能应县木塔”项目，不仅可供人们互动探索，还能帮助加速修复工作，确保修复工作保持原貌，保护历史完整性。联想集团希望在全球范围内参与更多类似的遗产保护项目，并欢迎更多合作机会。 31．考查动词时态。句意：这座有近一千年历史的建筑奇迹经受住了时间的摧残，幸存于战争的混乱和自然灾害的肆虐之中。设空处使用动词与前文的has构成现在完成时，根据下文surviving the chaos of wars and the fury of natural disasters可知，这座有近一千年历史的建筑奇迹经受住了时间的摧残。表示“（受风吹雨打而）（使）褪色，（使）风化，”用weather。故选H。 32．考查动词时态。句意：这座67米高的建筑（也被称为佛宫寺释迦塔）耸立在周围的景色之上，多层的木屋顶与周围的山丘和点缀着的小建筑形成了鲜明的对比。设空处使用动词作谓语，此处表示“这座67米高的建筑耸立在周围的景色之上”，tower为动词意为“高耸；屹立”，句子表述客观事实，故使用一般现在时，句子主语为structure为第三人称单数，故用towers。故选J项。 33．考查形容词。句意：尽管这座佛塔具有惊人的坚固耐久度，但它仍显露出颇为可观的年岁痕迹。设空处使用形容词作定语，修饰age，此处表示“相当的，可观的”用considerable。故选C项。 34．考查形容词。句意：这座建于1056年的佛塔被联合国教科文组织认定为世界上最古老、最高的全木结构建筑，它面临着时间的必然影响：风化、结构疲劳以及木材腐烂的持续威胁。根据上文“weathering, structural fatigue”及下文“threat of wood decay”可知，这座佛塔面临着时间的必然影响：风化、结构疲劳以及木材腐烂的持续威胁，ever-present意为“总是存在的；持续不断的”符合语境。故选I项。 35．考查动词时态。句意：全球科技领导者联想将使用开创性的人工智能（AI）技术来保护这一古代瑰宝。设空处使用动词作谓语，与前文的will构成一般将来时，此处表示“全球科技领导者联想将使用开创性的人工智能（AI）技术来保护这一古代瑰宝”safeguard意为“保护；维护”符合语境。故选D项。 36．考查形容词。句意：联想与清华大学建筑学院合作，推出了“智能应贤塔”项目，创建了一个宝塔的数字孪生，捕捉建筑的每一个精致细节，从复杂的木纹到雕像的细微缺陷。设空处使用形容词作定语，修饰名词twin，此处表示“联想启动了“智慧应县木塔”项目，以创建了一个宝塔的数字孪生复制品”，digital意为“数字的”符合语境。故选A项。 37．考查名词。句意：这种基于AI的复制技术不仅仅是一个高保真虚拟模型——这种互动、可导航的体验使每个人都能接触到木塔的辉煌，让世界各地的人们都能探索和研究其古老的殿堂。设空处使用名词作宾语，根据上文“This AI-powered replication is much more than just a high-fidelity virtual model”及下文“to the pagoda’s splendor, allowing people from around the world to explore and study its ancient ”可知，这种基于AI的复制技术使每个人都能接触到木塔的辉煌，access“接触；进入”符合语境，且为不可数名词。故选F项。 38．考查副词。句意：此外，它还加速了正在进行的修复工作，并确保它们严格遵循原始风格，从而保持佛塔的历史完整性。设空处使用副词作状语，修饰动词。根据下文“adhere to the original style, preserving the pagoda’s historical integrity”可知，这种基于AI的复制技术还加速了正在进行的修复工作，并确保它们严格遵循原始风格，strictly为副词，意为“严格地”符合语境。故选G项。 39．考查形容词。句意：联想上海副总裁兼研究总监毛世杰表示：“文化遗产的人工智能是指利用尖端技术，回溯千年，为子孙后代保存这些奇迹。”根据上文“using”及下文“technology to reach back a thousand years to preserve these wonders for the future”可知，联想上海副总裁兼研究总监毛世杰表示：“文化遗产的人工智能是指利用尖端技术，回溯千年，为子孙后代保存这些奇迹。”设空处使用形容词作定语，修饰名词。cutting-edge意为“尖端的；先进的”符合语境。故选E项。 40．考查名词。句意：这一举措体现了我们致力于为所有人提供更智能的人工智能的承诺。设空处使用名词作主语。initiative意为“举措；计划”符合语境。故选B项。 III.Reading Comprehension (共45分。 41-45每题1分；56-70每题2分) Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A. B.C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context A Neurologist’s Tips to Protect Your Memory As we age, our memory declines. This is a fixed 41 for many of us; however, according to neuroscientist Dr. Richard Restak, a neurologist and clinical professor, decline is not 42 . Ultimately, “we are what we can remember,” he said. Here are some of Dr. Restak’s tips for developing and 43 a healthy memory. Pay more attention. Some memory lapses are actually attention problems, not memory problems. 44 , if you’ve forgotten the name of someone you met at a cocktail party, it could be because you were talking with several people at the time. One way to pay attention when you learn new information is to 45 the word. Having a picture associated with the word, Restak said, can improve 46 . Find regular everyday memory challenges. There are many memory exercises that you can 47 into everyday life. Dr. Restak suggested composing a grocery list and memorizing it. When you get to the store, don’t 48 pull out your list (or your phone) — instead, pick up everything according to your memory. Once in a while, get in the car without turning on your GPS, and try to 49 through the streets from memory. A small 2020 study suggested that people who used GPS more frequently over time showed a steeper cognitive 50 in spatial memory three years later. Play games. Dr. Restak’s “favorite working memory game” is 20 Questions — in which a group thinks of a person, place or object, and the other person, the questioner, asks 20 questions with a yes-or-no answer. Because to succeed, he said, the questioner must hold all of the 51 answers in memory in order to guess the correct answer. The point is to 52 your working memory, “maintaining information and moving it around in your mind,” Restak wrote. Read more novels. One early indicator of memory issues, according to Dr. Restak, is 53 fiction. “People, when they begin to have memory difficulties, tend to switch to reading nonfiction,” he said. Fiction requires active engagement with the text, starting at the beginning and working through to the end. 54 technology. Storing everything on your phone means that “you don’t know it,” Dr. Restak said, which can 55 our own mental abilities. The second way our relationship with technology is harmful to memory is because it often takes our focus away from the task at hand. 41．A．accomplishment B．assumption C．regulation D．observation 42．A．inevitable B．dispensable C．reverse D．doubtful 43．A．striking B．enduring C．arousing D．maintaining 44．A．Nevertheless B．Moreover C．For instance D．Instead 45．A．demonstrate B．trace C．discover D．visualize 46．A．recall B．sight C．target D．instinct 47．A．enclose B．integrate C．evolve D．impose 48．A．steadily B．actively C．gradually D．automatically 49．A．adjust B．rush C．gesture D．navigate 50．A．performance B．decline C．awareness D．increase 51．A．modest B．original C．previous D．personal 52．A．engage B．drain C．insert D．fulfill 53．A．devoting to B．concentrating on C．giving in to D．giving up on 54．A．Beware of B．Stick to C．Long for D．Differ from 55．A．counter B．stock C．erode D．strengthen 【答案】 41．B 42．A 43．D 44．C 45．D 46．A 47．B 48．D 49．D 50．B 51．C 52．A 53．D 54．A 55．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一位神经学家提出的保护记忆力的建议。 41．考查名词词义辨析。句意：对我们中的许多人来说，这是一个固定的假设；然而，根据神经学家、神经病学临床教授理查德·雷斯塔克博士的说法，衰退并非不可避免。A. accomplishment完成；B. assumption假设；C. regulation管理；D. observation观察。根据上文“As we age, our memory declines.”可知，随着年龄的增长，我们的记忆力会下降，这是一个普遍的假设。故选B。 42．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同1题。A. inevitable不可避免的；B. dispensable可有可无的；C. reverse相反的；D. doubtful怀疑的。根据转折词however 可知，前后句意相反，根据上文“As we age, our memory declines.”可知，上文提到记忆力下降是一个普遍的假设，下文则说衰退并非不可避免。故选A。 43．考查动词词义辨析。句意：以下是雷斯塔克博士提出的一些培养和保持健康记忆力的建议。A. striking打击；B. enduring忍受；C. arousing唤醒；D. maintaining保持。根据上文“Here are some of Dr. Restak’s tips for developing and”可知，此处指培养和保持健康记忆力的建议。故选D。 44．考查副词词义辨析。句意：例如，如果你忘记了在鸡尾酒会上遇到的一个人的名字，可能是因为你当时在和几个人聊天。A. Nevertheless然而；B. Moreover此外；C. For instance例如；D. Instead代替。根据上文“Some memory lapses are actually attention problems, not memory problems.”可知，此处是对上文的举例说明。故选C。 45．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当你学习新信息时，集中注意力的一种方法是将这个词形象化。A. demonstrate证明；B. trace追踪；C. discover发现；D. visualize使形象化。根据下文“Having a picture associated with the word, Restak said, can improve”可知，此处指将单词形象化。故选D。 46．考查动词词义辨析。句意：雷斯塔克说，将单词与图片联系起来可以提高回忆能力。A. recall回忆；B. sight视力；C. target目标；D. instinct本能。根据上文“Having a picture associated with the word”可知，将单词与图片联系起来可以提高回忆能力。故选A。 47．考查动词词义辨析。句意：有许多记忆练习你可以融入日常生活。A. enclose围绕；B. integrate融入；C. evolve发展；D. impose强加。根据下文“…into everyday life. Dr. Restak suggested composing a grocery list and memorizing it.”可知，此处指将记忆练习融入日常生活。故选B。 48．考查副词词义辨析。句意：当你去商店时，不要自动拿出你的清单（或手机）——相反，根据你的记忆拿起每一件东西。A. steadily稳定地；B. actively积极地；C. gradually逐渐地；D. automatically自动地。根据下文“instead, pick up everything according to your memory.”可知，此处指不要不假思索地拿出清单。故选D。 49．考查动词词义辨析。句意：偶尔，在不打开 GPS 的情况下上车，试着凭记忆在街道上导航。A. adjust调整；B. rush冲；C. gesture做手势；D. navigate导航。根据上文“Once in a while, get in the car without turning on your GPS,”可知，此处指不依靠GPS在街道上凭记忆导航。故选D。 50．考查名词词义辨析。句意：2020 年的一项小型研究表明，随着时间的推移，经常使用 GPS 的人在三年后空间记忆的认知能力下降得更厉害。A. performance表现；B. decline下降；C. awareness意识；D. increase增加。根据上文“people who used GPS more frequently over time showed a steeper cognitive”可知，此处指经常使用 GPS 的人在三年后空间记忆的认知能力有变化，分析选项，B项“decline下降”表达的含义符合语境。故选B。 51．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：因为要想成功，提问者必须记住所有之前的答案，才能猜出正确答案。A. modest谦虚的；B. original原来的；C. previous之前的；D. personal个人的。根据下文“in order to guess the correct answer.”可知，此处指提问者必须记住所有之前的答案。故选C。 52．考查动词词义辨析。句意：关键是要让你的工作记忆参与进来，“保持信息并在脑海中移动它，”雷斯塔克写道。A. engage参与；B. drain排出；C. insert插入；D. fulfill履行。根据下文“maintaining information and moving it around in your mind,”可知，此处指让工作记忆参与进来。故选A。 53．考查动词短语辨析。句意：雷斯塔克博士说，记忆问题的一个早期迹象是放弃阅读小说。A. devoting to致力于；B. concentrating on集中精力于；C. giving in to屈服于；D. giving up on放弃。根据下文“People, when they begin to have memory difficulties, tend to switch to reading nonfiction,”可知，此处指放弃阅读小说。故选D。 54．考查动词短语辨析。句意：小心科技。A. Beware of小心；B. Stick to坚持；C. Long for渴望；D. Differ from不同于。根据下文“Storing everything on your phone means that “you don’t know it,” Dr. Restak said, which can erode our own mental abilities.”可知，此处指小心科技的不利影响。故选A。 55．考查动词词义辨析。句意：雷斯塔克博士说，把所有东西都储存在手机上意味着“你不知道它”，这会削弱我们自己的心智能力。A. counter对抗；B. stock储备；C. erode削弱；D. strengthen加强。根据上文“Storing everything on your phone means that “you don’t know it,””可知，此处指削弱我们自己的心智能力。故选C。 Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) My husband and I live near San Luis Obispo, California, close to the beach. In November 2023, during the humpback whale migration, we kayaked (划皮划艇) out to watch the wildlife. We were in awe watching these graceful whales breach and spray through their blowholes. At the time, my friend Liz was staying with us. Initially, she refused to join us on the water, fearing the kayak would overturn among the whales. After some cajoling (劝说) she finally agreed to join me. The following morning, we set out early and had our first whale sighting just past the pier: two humpbacks swimming toward us. How amazing to be that close to a creature that size, I thought as the whales dipped under the waterline. When whales go down after breaching, they leave what looks like an oil slick on the water. I figured if we paddled toward that spot, we’d be safe from the whales, since they’d just left. We followed them at a distance — or what I thought was a distance. I later found out that it’s recommended to keep 300 feet away. We were more like 60 feet away. Suddenly, we were surrounded by jumping silverfish fleeing from the whales. Before we could react, our kayak was lifted out of the water about six feet, bracketed by massive jaws. Liz and I slipped out of the kayak into the whale’s mouth. As the whale’s mouth closed, I felt the creature begin to dive and had no idea how deep we’d be dragged. Still, I didn’t panic. I just kept thinking. I’ve got to fight this. I’ve got to breathe. Whales have enormous mouths but tiny throats. Anything they can’t swallow they spit right out. That included us. As soon as the whale dipped underwater, it ejected us, and we popped back up onto the surface about a foot apart. The entire ordeal lasted only about 10 seconds. Other kayakers rushed to our aid, shocked to see us alive. But I am much more aware of the power of nature and the ocean than I was before. Liz was shaken up, comparing the ordeal to a near-death experience, and she says her whale-watching days are over. But even she had to laugh when she got home that afternoon and realized she’d brought back a souvenir. When she pulled off her shirt, six silverfish flopped out. 56．Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage? A．At first, Liz was hesitant to go on the kayaking trip because she was not interested in whale watching. B．If Liz and I had maintained a distance of 300 feet from the whales, we might have avoided the subsequent danger. C．Liz and I slipped into the whale’s mouth because jumping silverfish overturned our kayak. D．Liz is likely to go on another whale-watching trip someday because she found a precious souvenir from this kayaking. 57．How did the narrator feel during the whale encounter? A．Terrified and panicked. B．Disoriented underwater C．Calm and focused. D．Regretful about going kayaking. 58．The underlined word “ordeal” in Paragraph 5 probably means____. A．a challenging or difficult experience B．a thrilling experience C．a surprising encounter D．a joyful adventure 59．What would be the best title of this passage? A．How to Survive a Whale Attack B．Respecting the Power of Nature C．A Day at San Luis Obispo Beach D．I Survived Being Swallowed By a Whale 【答案】56．B 57．C 58．A 59．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了2023年11月，作者和家人朋友划皮划艇去看鲸鱼并遇到危险的经历。 56．细节理解题。根据第二段“At the time, my friend Liz was staying with us. Initially, she refused to join us on the water, fearing the kayak would overturn among the whales. (当时，我的朋友莉兹和我们在一起。起初，她拒绝和我们一起下水，担心皮划艇会在鲸鱼群中倾覆。)”可知莉兹担心皮划艇会在鲸鱼群中倾覆才不去潜水的，A选项错误；第三段“I later found out that it’s recommended to keep 300 feet away. We were more like 60 feet away. (后来我发现，建议保持300英尺的距离。我们离得只有60英尺远。)”可知B选项正确；第四段“Suddenly, we were surrounded by jumping silverfish fleeing from the whales. Before we could react, our kayak was lifted out of the water about six feet, bracketed by massive jaws. Liz and I slipped out of the kayak into the whale’s mouth. (突然，我们被一群从鲸鱼群中逃出来的跳跃的银鱼包围了。我们还没来得及反应过来，我们的皮划艇就被抬出水面约6英尺，被巨大的下颚支撑着。莉兹和我溜出皮划艇，掉进了鲸鱼嘴里。)”可知我们的皮划艇不是银鱼弄翻的，C选项错误；最后一段“Liz was shaken up, comparing the ordeal to a near-death experience, and she says her whale-watching days are over. (莉兹被震撼了，她把这次磨难比作濒死体验，她说她的观鲸生涯结束了。)”可知莉兹不会再去观鲸，D选项错误，故选B。 57．推理判断题。根据第四段“Still, I didn’t panic. I just kept thinking. I’ve got to fight this. I’ve got to breathe. (不过，我并不惊慌。我一直在想。我必须与之抗争。我必须呼吸。)”可推断叙述者在遇到鲸鱼时是冷静的并且还能理智的分析，说明精力比较集中，故选C。 58．词句猜测题。根据最后一段“Liz was shaken up, comparing the ordeal to a near-death experience, and she says her whale-watching days are over. (莉兹被震撼了，她把这次磨难比作濒死体验，她说她的观鲸生涯结束了。)”可知划线词ordeal词汇复现，根据后面的death experience可知意思是“磨难”，故选A。 59．主旨大意题。根据第一段“My husband and I live near San Luis Obispo, California, close to the beach. In November 2023, during the humpback whale migration, we kayaked (划皮划艇) out to watch the wildlife. We were in awe watching these graceful whales breach and spray through their blowholes. (我的丈夫和我住在加州的圣路易斯奥比斯波附近，靠近海滩。2023年11月，在座头鲸迁徙期间，我们划着皮艇出去观看野生动物。我们看着这些优雅的鲸鱼喷水，感到敬畏。)”以及下文作者和朋友掉进鲸鱼嘴里的经历，可知文章讲述的作者和家人朋友划皮划艇去看鲸鱼并遇到危险的经历。D选项“我被鲸鱼吞下后活了下来”符合文章题意，并且能够吸引读者，适合做标题，故选D。 (B) Know how much to tipNew rules of gratuities The pandemic has been particularly hard on people who work for tips. Some haven’t been able to do their jobs at all, while others don’t interact with customers the same way. In either case, tips dried up, causing a lot of people to suffer. Meanwhile, many customers felt the need to tip more because of the new risks and hardships that essential service workers suddenly faced. Just as many services have changed, so should tipping. Some old standards no longer seem fair, and several newer ones will apply long after the pandemic is over. Some new rules of tipping that are likely here to stay: Give more if you can. It’s common for tips to be divided between all the workers at a store or restaurant, not just those who interact directly with customers. So giving generously ensures a fairer tip for all. Think outside the (cash) box.   You can also “tip” with a thank-you note or a homemade gift when a business (or your budget) doesn’t permit gratuities. Consider writing a review online, making sure to name names. Treat business owners differently. A practice of the past, tipping the boss separately is no longer necessary. But if she serves you, tip her as you would any of her workers. As for specific situations, here’s what the experts recommend: FOOD AND DRINKS Restaurant workers Old rule: Leave a tip only when you dine in. New rule: Always tip, even for takeout. Tip: 15 to 20 percent when you dine in, and 10 to 15 percent on takeout or delivery orders. Personal shoppers Old rule: N/A (Not applicable). Many of these services, such as grocery pickup, are newer. New rule: Tip, and do it in the app, since you are unlikely to interact directly with your shopper. Tip: 10 to 15 percent. If a tip is already included, add a few dollars extra. HOME DELIVERIES Package delivery drivers Old rule: Don’t tip. New rule: Show appreciation if you get deliveries more than once a week. Tip: Drinks, snacks, or $5 to $20 if a package is particularly heavy or large. Postal workers cannot accept cash or gifts worth more than $50 per year. UPS tells drivers to decline tips unless a customer insists. And FedEx prohibits employees from accepting cash or cash equivalents (such as gift cards). Flower delivery drivers Old rule: The person who places the order tips those who deliver flowers (and other specialty items). New rule: You can’t assume the gift giver already tipped, so if you’re lucky enough to get such a delivery, pass the goodwill along in the form of a tip. Tip: $5 to $10. PERSONAL SERVICES Ride-share drivers Old rule: Tip in cash. New rule: Ask your driver. The Lyft and Uber apps let you add gratuities, but some drivers prefer cash. Tip: 15 to 20 percent. 60．New rules of tipping are recommended because . A．the pandemic has driven many businesses to financial ruin B．some people have to work from home without interaction C．customers dismiss the old standards as unfair to themselves D．some old tipping standards can’t help some service workers out now 61．Which of the following is TRUE? A．Tip every worker fairly in case some may keep the money to himself. B．The more you tip, the better service you will receive. C．Writing a review online is highly recommended to express gratitude. D．There is no need to tip the boss because he doesn’t provide any service. 62． did best in tipping according to the recommended rules. Name Situation Tip Ginna order a roast goose ($50) at Kam’s Roasts for takeout $0 for the waiter Joan take a delivery of a package from FedEx (bottled water, 500ml, 24-pack) $10 for the FedEx delivery man Susan receive a bunch of flowers delivered by a Flower Plus driver $5 (cash) for the gardener Linn take a Uber ($15) from St Vincent’s Hospital to the Central Library $3 (cash) for the driver A．Ginna B．Joan C．Susan D．Linn 【答案】60．D 61．C 62．D 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍小费的新规定及一些行业的小费新规定。 60．细节理解题。根据第一段“The pandemic has been particularly hard on people who work for tips. Some haven’t been able to do their jobs at all, while others don’t interact with customers the same way. In either case, tips dried up, causing a lot of people to suffer. Meanwhile, many customers felt the need to tip more because of the new risks and hardships that essential service workers suddenly faced. (新冠对依靠小费工作的人来说尤其艰难。有些人根本无法完成他们的工作，而另一些人则无法以相同的方式与顾客互动。无论哪种情况，小费都会枯竭，导致很多人受苦。与此同时，因为基本服务人员突然面临新的风险和困难，许多顾客觉得有必要给更多的小费。)”可知，新冠使服务人员工作艰难，一些旧的小费标准现在无法帮助一些服务人员。所以建议使用新的小费规则，帮助服务人员应对困难，故选D。 61．细节理解题。根据Think outside the (cash) box.部分“You can also “tip” with a thank-you note or a homemade gift when a business (or your budget) doesn’t permit gratuities. Consider writing a review online, making sure to name names. (当公司或你的预算不允许给小费时，你也可以用感谢信或自制礼物。考虑在线撰写评论，确保署名。)”可知，可以在线撰写评论以表达感激之情。故C项正确。根据Give more if you can.部分“It’s common for tips to be divided between all the workers at a store or restaurant, not just those who interact directly with customers. (通常，小费分配给商店或餐厅的所有员工，而不仅仅是直接与客户互动的员工。)”可知，小费分配给所有员工，但文章并未说明为什么这样做，故排除A项。根据Treat business owners differently.部分“A practice of the past, tipping the boss separately is no longer necessary. But if she serves you, tip her as you would any of her workers. (过去的做法，不再需要单独给老板小费。但是，如果她为你服务，就像你给她的工人一样给她小费。)”可知，如果老板为你服务，你需要给老板小费，故D项错误。文章未提及B项内容。故选C。 62．细节理解题。根据Restaurant workers部分“Tip: 15 to 20 percent when you dine in, and 10 to 15 percent on takeout or delivery orders. (小费：堂食时为15%至20%，外卖或外卖订单为10%至15%。)”可知，订外卖需要给工作人员小费，A项错误。根据Package delivery drivers部分“And FedEx prohibits employees from accepting cash or cash equivalents (such as gift cards). (联邦快递禁止员工接受现金或现金等价物，如礼品卡。)”可知，无需给联邦快递员工小费，B项错误。根据Flower delivery drivers部分“You can’t assume the gift giver already tipped, so if you’re lucky enough to get such a delivery, pass the goodwill along in the form of a tip. (你不能假设送礼者已经给小费了，所以如果你有幸收到这样的快递，请以小费的形式传递善意。)”可知，需要给送花人小费，而不是给园丁小费，C项错误。根据Ride-share drivers部分“Tip: 15 to 20 percent. (小费：15%到20%)”可知，需要给司机15%到20%的小费。即$15*15%=$2.25/$15*20%=3$。D项正确，故选D。 (C) The danger of a major solar storm is now at its highest in over a decade As the Sun reaches the peak of its activity cycle, the odds of such a storm hitting Earth rise along with its associated risks, including blackouts, disabled satellites and damaged cell phones and GPS networks. In the most extreme scenarios, some power grids could be knocked out for weeks or even months. But that is the worst case. In the face of such potential disaster, our best hope is to learn more about the Sun-Earth system, monitor solar activity and develop our ability to predict space weather. With the right precautions, solar activity could be a net positive for humanity, as it constantly protects us against harmful radiation from beyond the Solar System So whether we risk the dangers or reap the benefits of living with the Sun will come down to the same thing: our ability to predict and prepare for what our star is going to do next. The whole prediction process is like forecasting normal weather the more you understand the system, the better you can predict what it will do. This is no easy task when it comes to our star. The Sun is complex and not yet well understood, and scientists must also get a better handle on how its emissions travel through space and affect Earth. Compared to forecasting the normal weather, our space weather predictions are about 50 years behind That’s why missions like the Parker Solar Probe - the first spacecraft ever to touch the Sun-are all the more important. Launched in 2018, Parker has already made several discoveries about how the Sun transports energy outward into space. The spacecraft’s data have helped scientists improve their ability to predict exactly when an event at the Sun will later reach Earth. Establishing that timing is important, because it’s an essential first step to an early warning system that would help avoid the worst-case scenario. Yet our current projects are not enough. Parker is not designed to act as a full-time warming system, and it can only study the Sun from one angle at a time. So a constellation of satellites around the Sun are recommended to completely monitor the Sun and always be ready to send warnings back to Earth. 63．Which of the following is closest in meaning to the underlined word! A．obtain B．eliminate C．strengthen D．tolerate 64．Which of the following is mentioned in paragraph 2? A．The solar system releases a lot of harmful radiation to humanity. B．People must learn more to reverse the worst result caused by the Sun. C．Solar activities, if dealt with properly, can be very beneficial to humanity. D．The potential disaster can be fully prevented if we make accurate prediction. 65．What is the main message conveyed in the passage? A．Improving space weather predictions is crucial for preparedness. B．The Sun’s energy transport mechanisms have been fully understood. C．The frequency of solar storms has significantly increased over the past decade. D．A full-time warning system is the only solution to preventing solar storm impacts. 66．What will the following paragraphs probably talk about? A．The sunny sides of space weather and solar activities B．The drawback of the current solar prediction projects. C．The ways to protect the Earth from potential solar storms. D．The measures to improve and redesign the Parker Solar Probe. 【答案】63．A 64．C 65．A 66．D 【导语】本文是说明文。目前，太阳风暴的危险程度已超过十年来最高水平。随着太阳活动周期达到峰值，此类风暴袭击地球的可能性随之上升，并带来一系列风险，包括停电、失灵卫星和受损手机及GPS网络。在最极端的情况下，一些电网可能被中断数周甚至数月。但如果处理得当，太阳活动可以对人类非常有益。 63．词句猜测题。根据第二段“With the right precautions, solar activity could be a net positive for humanity, as it constantly protects us against harmful radiation from beyond the Solar System So whether we risk the dangers or reap the benefits of living with the Sun will come down to the same thing: our ability to predict and prepare for what our star is going to do next. (只要采取适当的预防措施，太阳活动就可以为人类带来正面影响，因为它能不断保护我们免受来自太阳系外的有害辐射。因此，我们是选择冒险面对太阳带来的危险还是reap与太阳共存带来的好处，取决于我们预测和准备的能力，以应对我们的恒星接下来可能发生的事情。)”可知，此处建议利用太阳活动的正面影响保护我们，or提示后面是和冒险相反的词，reap指“得到”，近义词是obtain，故选A。 64．细节理解题。根据第二段“But that is the worst case. In the face of such potential disaster, our best hope is to learn more about the Sun-Earth system, monitor solar activity and develop our ability to predict space weather. With the right precautions, solar activity could be a net positive for humanity, as it constantly protects us against harmful radiation from beyond the Solar System So whether we risk the dangers or reap the benefits of living with the Sun will come down to the same thing: our ability to predict and prepare for what our star is going to do next. (但那只是最坏的情况。面对这种潜在的灾难，我们最好的希望就是更多地了解太阳-地球系统，监测太阳活动，并提高预测空间天气的能力。只要采取适当的预防措施，太阳活动就可以为人类带来正面影响，因为它能不断保护我们免受来自太阳系外的有害辐射。因此，我们是选择冒险面对太阳带来的危险还是享受与太阳共存带来的好处，取决于我们预测和准备的能力，以应对我们的恒星接下来可能发生的事情。)”可知，第二段提到太阳活动，如果处理得当，可以对人类非常有益。故选C。 65．推理判断题。根据第二段“But that is the worst case. In the face of such potential disaster, our best hope is to learn more about the Sun-Earth system, monitor solar activity and develop our ability to predict space weather. With the right precautions, solar activity could be a net positive for humanity, as it constantly protects us against harmful radiation from beyond the Solar System So whether we risk the dangers or reap the benefits of living with the Sun will come down to the same thing: our ability to predict and prepare for what our star is going to do next. (但那只是最坏的情况。面对这种潜在的灾难，我们最好的希望就是更多地了解太阳-地球系统，监测太阳活动，并提高预测空间天气的能力。只要采取适当的预防措施，太阳活动就可以为人类带来正面影响，因为它能不断保护我们免受来自太阳系外的有害辐射。因此，我们是选择冒险面对太阳带来的危险还是享受与太阳共存带来的好处，取决于我们预测和准备的能力，以应对我们的恒星接下来可能发生的事情。)”可知，本文说明太阳风暴的危险越来越大，所以要采取预防措施，因此文章想要表达的是改进空间天气预报对准备工作至关重要。故选A。 66．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Yet our current projects are not enough. Parker is not designed to act as a full-time warming system, and it can only study the Sun from one angle at a time. So a constellation of satellites around the Sun are recommended to completely monitor the Sun and always be ready to send warnings back to Earth. (然而，我们目前的项目还不够。帕克号不是作为全职的太阳加热系统而设计的，而且它只能从一个角度研究太阳。因此，建议在太阳周围部署一组卫星，以便完全监测太阳，随时准备向地球发送警报。)”可知，本段讲述了帕克号的不足，接下来的一段要讲述改进和重新设计帕克太阳探测器的措施。故选D。 Section C Directions: Complete the following passage by using the sentences in the box. Each sentence can only be used once. Note that there are two sentences more than you need. Many of our most worrying problems, from overeating to not saving enough for retirement to not working out enough have something in common: lack of self-control. Self-control is what gives us the capacity to say no to choices that are immediately satisfying but costly in the long term — that a piece of chocolate cake (instead of an apple), that afternoon in front of the couch (instead of a visit to the gym). 67 The problem of self-control has puzzled psychologists and behavioral scientists for decades. A great deal of research has identified situations in which self-control failures are likely to happen and tools to help people exercise better control. 68 These motivating incentives can increase our self-control, at least up to a point. Entrepreneurs have also become interested in self-control, as is evident from the many diet and exercise apps and gadgets on the market. To take one notable example, on the commitment contract website stickK.com, users put down some money (say, $200) and state a goal they want to achieve (such as to lose ten pounds in a month). 69 If they meet their goal, they earn their money back. If they don’t, they lose the money. Tools like stickK.com can be effective, but they are often difficult to implement. My colleagues and I conducted a new research to point to a different solution that may be easier to carry out: using rituals. 70 Players in all sorts of sports have rituals that involve actions such as eating the same foods in exactly the same order before a game. From the way some prepare their coffee to the way people celebrate important life events, like weddings or graduations, rituals are a part of our daily life. And though they may seem useless, or even silly, research has found that rituals are powerful. A．They have to point out someone to monitor them and ensure they reach the goal or donate the money. B．Despite our best intentions, we often fail to meet our goals. C．Rituals are series of steps we take while attaching some kind of symbolic meaning. D．In the past, my colleagues and I have found that rituals reduce anxiety before stressful tasks, and improve performance. E．They also need to state what will happen to the money if they don’t stick to their commitments (e.g., it’ll go to a friend or to a charity they do not like). F．For instance, research has found that people persist for longer on tasks that require self-control when they know they’ll be paid for their efforts, or when they are told that their work will benefit others. 【答案】67．B 68．F 69．E 70．C 【导语】这是一篇说明文。缺乏自制力往往让我们无法达成目标，文章对如何提高自制力进行了一些介绍。 67．根据前文“Many of our most worrying problems, from overeating to not saving enough for retirement to not working out enough have something in common: lack of self-control. Self-control is what gives us the capacity to say no to choices that are immediately satisfying but costly in the long term — that a piece of chocolate cake (instead of an apple), that afternoon in front of the couch (instead of a visit to the gym). (我们最担心的问题，从暴饮暴食到没有足够的退休储蓄到没有足够的锻炼，都有一个共同点：缺乏自制力。自我控制是让我们有能力拒绝那些能让我们立刻感到满足，但从长远来看代价高昂的选择——一块巧克力蛋糕（而不是一个苹果），一个下午躺在沙发前（而不是去健身房）。)”可知，此处是讲缺乏自制力让我们往往无法达成目标，所以选项B“尽管我们的意愿是最好的，但我们经常无法实现我们的目标。”切合文意。故选B。 68．根据后文“These motivating incentives can increase our self-control, at least up to a point. (这些激励可以提高我们的自制力，至少在一定程度上是这样。)”可知，此处是指有自制力的人往往很有动力点，所以选项F“例如，研究发现，当人们知道他们的努力会得到回报，或者当他们被告知他们的工作将使他人受益时，他们会坚持更长的时间来完成需要自我控制的任务。”切合文意。故选F。 69．根据前文“To take one notable example, on the commitment contract website stickK.com, users put down some money (say, $200) and state a goal they want to achieve (such as to lose ten pounds in a month). (举一个著名的例子，在承诺合同网站stickK.com上，用户先投下一些钱（比如200美元），然后陈述一个他们想要实现的目标（比如一个月减掉10磅）。)”和后文“If they meet their goal, they earn their money back. If they don’t, they lose the money. (如果他们达到了目标，他们就能赚回自己的钱。如果他们不这样做，他们就会失去这笔钱。)”可知，此处是指用户需要陈述没有达成目标会受到的惩罚，所以选项E“他们还需要说明，如果他们不遵守承诺，这笔钱会怎么处理（例如，这笔钱会捐给他们不喜欢的朋友或慈善机构）。”切合文意。故选E。 70．根据前文“My colleagues and I conducted a new research to point to a different solution that may be easier to carry out: using rituals. (我和我的同事进行了一项新的研究，指出了一个可能更容易实施的不同解决方案：使用仪式。)”和后文“Players in all sorts of sports have rituals that involve actions such as eating the same foods in exactly the same order before a game. (参加各种运动的运动员都有一些仪式，比如在比赛前按照完全相同的顺序吃同样的食物。)”可知，此处是介绍“仪式”是什么，所以选项C“仪式是我们采取的一系列步骤，同时附加某种象征意义。”切合文意。故选C。 IV.Summary Writing (共10分） Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point( s)of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. Ann Grand: A Visual Thinker Ann Grand is a visual thinker. When somebody speaks to her, the words are instantly translated into pictures, like a video in her head. Unlike most people, her thoughts move from video-like images to generalizations and concepts. Furthermore, her memories usually appear in her imagination in order of time, and the images visualized are always specific. For example,if she thinks about a chimney, she sees detailed pictures, like the one in her old house and then those in her hometown. That one word can tun into a full-length video in her head. Grand's mind works like the Internet search engine which produces dozens of images of an object a user is searching for. Visual thinking has enabled grand to build entire systems in her imagination which works similarly to a computer program because it can produce three-dimensional design simulations(三维仿真设计).This was important to her as an equipment designer for the livestock industry. Before she started construction on her designs, she would test-run the equipment in her mind She formed mental pictures of her designs in every possible situation, with different sizes and breeds of cattle and in different weather conditions. This process made it possible for her to correct mistakes before construction started. Grand's mind is also sensitive to details, which was important in her work with cattle. Her sharp awareness of the visual world led to noteworthy observations about animals, She noticed many little things that most people would not consider that seared the cattle. For example, a coat on a fence or a pipe on the floor would frighten them away. Grand's visualization abilities have also helped her understand the animals she worked with. This led her to create designs ranging from sweeping, curved fences intended to reduce the stress experienced by animals that were going to be killed to systems for handling sick cattle and pigs. 71.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 71. Being a visual thinker,Ann Grand thinks in pictures and her memories appear as specific images in her mind in time order. As a livestock equipment designer, she benefited from her ability to visualize her designs, which enabled her to perfect them before construction. Her keen observation of details led to designs that took into account animals’ feelings。 V.Translation (共15分。第1小题和第2小题,每题3分;第3题4分;第4题5分。) Directions:Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets 72. 这次春游为同学们提供了放松的机会。(provide) ________________ 73. 缩小贫富差距是政府面临的主要挑战之一。(face) ________________ 74. 只有充分利用有限的时间, 才能适应快节奏的现代生活。(Only) ________________ 75. 毫无疑问，无人驾驶汽车在批量生产和大范围商用之前还有不少问题需要解决。(remain) ________________ 【答案】 72. The Spring outing provided students with an opportunity for relaxation. 73. Reducing the gap between rich and poor/ is one of the main challenges the government is facing. 74. Only by making full use of the limited time can we adapt to/fit in the fast-paced modern life. 75. Without doubt, a number of problems remain to be solved before the mass production and large-scale commercial application of self-driving vehicles. 【解析】 本题考查翻译，注意使用括号内的提示词翻译。 【72题详解】 考查固定短语和时态。provide sb with sth表示“为某人提供某物”，语境表明事情发生在过去，应该用一般过去时，故翻译为：The Spring outing provided students with an opportunity for relaxation. 【73题详解】 考查非谓语动词和定语从句。根据句意可知本句用动名词作主语，注意动名词作主语时，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，另外本句还要使用定语从句，先行词为one of the main challenges，应该用关系代词that或which，由于关系词在从句中作facing的宾语，也可省略，陈述的是客观事实用一般现在时，故翻译为：Reducing the gap between rich and poor/ is one of the main challenges the government is facing. 【74题详解】 考查倒装和非谓语动词。adapt to/fit in表示“适应”，介词by后接动名词作宾语，表示“凭借、通过……”，only+状语位于句首时，其后要采用部分倒装，故翻译为：Only by making full use of the limited time can we adapt to/fit in the fast-paced modern life. 【75题详解】 考查remain to be done结构。without doubt表示“毫无疑问”，remain to be done表示“有待……”，陈述的是客观事实，用一般现在时，故翻译为：Without doubt, a number of problems remain to be solved before the mass production and large-scale commercial application of self-driving vehicles. VI.Guided Writing (共25分) Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华，暑假在伦敦学习。你得知当地美术馆要举办中国画展览，非常感兴趣，请写一封信申请当志愿讲解员。 内容包括：1. 申请理由；2. 表达感谢。 注意：1. 写作词数为100词左右；2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Sir/ Madam, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】 Dear Sir/ Madam, I am Li Hua, a Senior 3 student from China and I’m studying in London now. I am writing to apply to be a volunteer for the Chinese painting exhibition. I believe I will be qualified for the job. As a super fan of art, I am keen to expose myself to various art-related activities. A good command of English especially in spoken English ensures me to communicate properly with visitors from all over the world. I have also volunteered to serve as a guide in China’s National Museum, which will help me to do a good job. I’m eager to provide visitors with a good service and an experience they will always remember. I will appreciate it if you grant me an interview. I’m looking forward to your early reply. Yours, Li Hua 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给伦敦美术馆写一封申请信，申请成为中国画展的志愿讲解员。 【详解】1.词汇积累 胜任：be qualified for→be fit for 各种各样的：various→a variety of 担当：serve as→act as 答复：reply→response 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：A good command of English especially in spoken English ensures me to communicate properly with visitors from all over the world. 拓展句：A good command of English especially in spoken English ensures me to communicate properly with visitors who come from all over the world. 【点睛】 【高分句型1】I believe I will be qualified for the job.（运用了省略连词that的宾语从句） 【高分句型2】I have also volunteered to serve as a guide in China’s National Museum, which will help me to do a good job.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句） 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司22 / 23 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $One listening comprehension section a directions. In section a, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said, the conversations and the questions will be spoken only once after you hear a conversation and the question about IT, you will have seven seconds to decide which choice is the best answer to the question you have heard. Now you have one hundred seconds to read all the choices on the screen . when I need to buy some high quality paper, but I didn't see any on that shelf. Let me go back to the stockroom to have a look question. What does the woman want to buy? Two, tom, you look awful today. What's wrong with you? Just the exams, you know, I haven't taken any for years since . graduation. What does time imply? Three, do you know about the science fiction fair on saturday? Of course, I wouldn't miss IT for the world question. What does the woman mean? For mike, what are you doing on your computer? Don't you remember your promise? This is not a game. It's only crossword puzzle that hopes increase. My broke . cabuli question, what has make promise to you? Five, last monday, when I was a doctor Smith s office, I spent over an hour in the waiting room. Really, something must have come up that day. Question, what does the woman imply about doctor smith? Six, you call mary a dreamer, but I think she's got a lot of good ideas. Good ideas are only useful if you make something out of them. Question, why does the man think that mary is a dreamer? Seven, with so little time left to study for the history final, I think we should concentrate on going over our lecture notes. That sounds good. At least we have an idea what professor Martin thinks. Important question, how did the speakers plan to prepare for the exam? Eight, would you like to come with me to the Opera tonight? I've an extra ticket, and I think I will take your mind off that math problem that you've been struggling with for the last two hours. That'll be great. But the Opera isn't what italian, right? I think I have a Better chance of understanding this math problem. Question, what does the man imply? Nine, the conference on career planning is only a month away, but there are still a few things that are organizing committee needs to work out. It's clear that we'd Better meet again and soon. Would you mind setting IT out question? What does the woman want the man to do? Ten, oh, we had the best tour guide when we were in san Francisco. I recommend him very highly for when you go there next month. Thanks, but i'll be staying with my family. And they are taking care of everything. Question, what does the woman imply? Section b directions in section b, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, you will have seven seconds to decide which choice would be the best answer to the question. You've heard questions eleven through thirteen are based on the following passage. Now you have thirty seconds to read all the choices on the screen. Community service is an important component of education. Here at our university, we encourage all students to volunteer for at least one community activity before they graduate. A new community program called one on one helps elementary students who fAllen behind u. Education majors might be especially interested in IT because IT offers the opportunity to do some teaching, that is, tutoring in math and english. You'd have to volunteer two hours a week for one semester. You can choose to help a child with math, english or both. Half hour lessons are fine, so you could do a half hour of each subject two days a week. Professor dodge will act as an instructor to the tutors. He'll be available to help you with lesson plans or to offer suggestions for activities. He has office hours every tuesday and thursday afternoon. You can sign up for the program with him and begin the tutor next week. I'm sure you'll enjoy this community service and you'll gain valuable experience at the same time, IT looks good on your resume too, showing that you've had experience with children and that you care about your community if you'd like to sign up or if you have any questions, stop by professor dodge's office this week. Now listen again. Community service is an important component of education here at our university, we encourage all students to volunteer for at least one community activity before they graduate. A new community program called one on one helps elementary students who fAllen behind u. Education majors might be especially interested in IT because IT offers the opportunity to do some teaching, that is, tutoring in math and english. You'd have to volunteer two hours a week for one semester. You can choose to help a child with math, english or both. Half hour lessons are fine, so you could do a half hour of each subject two days a week. Professor dodge will act as an instructor to the tutors. He'll be available to help you with lesson plans or to offer suggestions for activities. He has office hours every tuesday and thursday afternoon. You can sign up for the program with him and begin the tutor next week. I'm sure you'll enjoy this community service and you'll gain valuable experience at the same time, IT looks good on your resume, too, showing that you've had experience with children and that you care about your community. If you you'd like to sign up or if you have any questions, stop by professor dodger's office this week. Questions eleven, what is the purpose of the talk? Twelve, what is the purpose of the program the speaker describes? Thirteen, what does professor dodge do? Questions fourteen through sixteen are based on the following passage. Now you have thirty seconds to read all the choices on the screen public. Picasso, the famous spanish artist of the early twenty th century, was a pioneer in the art movement called cubism before his involvement with cubism, picasso experienced a period in his career, famously referred to as the blue period, noted for its dominant use of blue and Green shades, taken base set teams and relative moods. Recent technological advancements have allowed scientists to see beneath the surface of some of picasso's blue period masterpieces. Using tools such as infrared imaging, x ray scanner and advanced microscopy. Researchers have uncovered that these paintings did not initially bear the blue that famously defines this era. Instead, the underlying layers reveal a combination of oranges and yellows, colors traditionally associated with warmth. This revelation suggests that because so might have initially painted these scenes with a much lighter, perhaps more optimistic tone, however, he later chose to, over ladies with shades of blue, possibly to match the paintings with the sad and reflective emotions he wanted to convey. This clearing technique not only highlights picasso's dynamic approach to his art, but also reflects his consideration of color as a medium to express the complex human emotions reflected in his works. Now listen again. Power picasso. the famous finish artist of the early twenty th century, was a pioneer in the art movement called cubism before his involvement with cubism, but also experienced the period in his career, famously referred to as the blue period, noted for its dominant use of blue and Green shades to convey that themes and relative moods, recent technological advancements have allowed scientists to see beneath the surface of some of picasso's blue period masterpieces. Using tools such as infor red imaging, x ray scanner and advanced microscopy, researchers have uncovered that these paintings did not initially bear the blue that famously defined this era. Instead, the underlying layers reveal a combination of oranges and yellows, colors traditionally associated with warmth. This revelation suggests that picasso might have initially painted these scenes with a much lighter, perhaps more optimistic tone. However, he later chose to overlay these with shades of blue, possibly to match the paintings with the sad and reflective emotions he wanted to convey. This learning technique not only highlights picasso's dynamic approach to his art, but also reflects his consideration of color as a medium to express the complex human emotions reflected in his works. Questions fourteen, what is the passage mainly about? Fifteen, what colors were originally used in some of picasso's blue period paintings? Sixteen, why did picasso possibly overlay the original warmer colors of his paintings with shades of blue during his blue period? Questions seventeen, three, twenty are based on the following conversation. Now you have forty seconds to read all the choices on the screen. Did you know that during childhood, everything in your body . is growing really like what your . bones are getting longer, your body is getting taller, and even your feet grow so quickly that you might need new shoes every few months? Wow, that's a lot of growth. Is there anything that doesn't grow like that? Yes. actually, your teeth don't join in that extended growth period. They stay the same size while the rest of you grows around them. Why don't teeth growth like other parts of the body? It's because teeth are covered in a hard substance called the nemo. A naval doesn't grow or change, and like bones and hair. So what happens with our baby teeth if they don't grow? Baby teeth are the right size for a baby's mouth, but they're not big a for an adult mouth. That's why we replace them with a whole new set . of adult teeth. That makes sense. It's amazing how our bodies know exactly what to do to adopt as we grow. Now listen again. Did you know that during childhood, everything in your body . is growing really like what your . bones are getting longer, your body is getting taller, and even your feet grow so quickly that you might need new shoes every few months? Wow, that's a lot of growth. Is there anything that doesn't grow like that? Yes, actually, your teeth don't join in that extended growth period. They stay the same size while the rest of you grows around them. Why don't teeth grow like other parts of the body? It's because teeth are covered in a hard substance called a nmo. A nmo doesn't grow or change and like bones and hair. So what happens with our baby teeth if they don't grow? Baby teeth are the right size for a baby's mouth, but they're not big in a fun adult mouth. That's why we replace them with a whole new set of . adult teeth that makes sense. It's amazing how our bodies is not exactly what to do to adopt as we grow. Questions seventeen, what are the speakers mainly talking about? Eighteen, which of the following stay the same size, even if a person is growing? Nineteen, what can be learned about a namal from the conversation? Twenty, what happens to baby teeth as a person grows? 2025-2026学年高二选择性必修第二册英语单元测试 Unit 3 ·基础卷 学校:___________班级：___________姓名：___________分数：___________ （考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：140分） 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 I.Listening Comprehension （第1-10题, 每题1分；第11-20题，每题1.5分；共25分） Section A Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. A. Some stockings. B. Some paper. C. A book. D. A shelf. 2. A. He is nervous about the exams. B. He failed in the graduation exam. C. He is not well-prepared for the exam. D. He is worried about the result of the exam. 3. A. She has already seen the movie. B. She doesn't like science fiction. C. She plans to attend the fair. D. She can't meet the man on Saturday. 4. A. Not to play any computer game. B. Not to do any crossword puzzle. C. To help the woman repair the computer. D. To spend more time on vocabulary. 5. A. He seldom keeps his patients waiting for long. B. He forgets to put the man on his schedule. C. He is hard to make an appointment with. D. He is usually very busy every Monday. 6. A. She doesn't put her ideas into practice. B. She likes to sleep. C. She doesn't have many ideas. D. She has too many dreams. 7. A. Go over their homework assignments. B. Talk with their professor. C. Reread their textbooks. D. Review the notes of the lectures. 8. A. He doesn't want to go to the opera. B. He can't afford to buy the ticket. C. He needs a break from the math problem. D. He’ ll meet the woman if he finishes the math problem. 9. A. Schedule a committee meeting. B. Join her committee soon. C. Form a new organizing committee. D. Find out when the conference will be held. 10. A. She isn't expecting her trip. B. She has visited San Frančisco before. C. She won't need a tour guide. D. The man should have called her relatives. Section B Directions: In Section B, you will hear two passages and one longer conversation. After each passage or conversation, you will be asked several questions. The passages and conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage. 11. A. To explain a new requirement for graduation. B. To interest students in a community service project. C. To discuss the problems of elementary school students. D. To enroll elementary school teachers for a special program. 12. A. To offer tutorials to elementary school students. B. To find jobs for graduating students. C. To help education majors prepare for final exams. D. To provide funding for a community service project. 13. A. He gives support to students participating in the program. B. He observes elementary school students in the classroom. C. He teaches part-time in an elementary school. D. He helps students prepare their resumés. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage. 14. A. A new discovery about Picasso's paintings. B. The value of Picasso's masterpieces. C. A change in Picasso's painting style. D. The characteristics of Picasso's works. 15. A. Black and white. B. Red and brown. C. Orange and yellow. D. Purple and pink. 16. A. To correct mistakes in the initial painting process. B. To better convey the emotions he intended. C. To improve the technical quality of the paintings. D. To experiment with different color combinations. Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation. 17. A. Why our body grows. B. A fact about teeth. C. Childhood memories. D. How fast feet grow. 18. A. Feet. B. Teeth. C. Bones. D. Hairs. 19. A. They don't grow or change. B. They are located inside each tooth. C. They are made of bones. D. They don't develop until adulthood. 20. A. They are replaced by adult teeth. B. They grow larger to fit the adult mouth. C. They change their shape. D. They are combined to form larger teeth. II.Grammar and Vocabulary （每题1分；共20分） Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Digital twins are fast becoming part of everyday life When visiting a doctor a few years from now, you can expect to be accompanied by a virtual version of yourself. This so-called digital twin will be a ____21____ (work) model of your body that can be summoned (传唤) onto a physician’s computer screen. ____22____ (update) with your latest vital signs, it will help the doctor make an accurate diagnosis. It also opens the door for medicines and procedures designed specifically for you, greatly increasing recovery rates. This might seem like fantasy, but the foundations are being laid. Researchers at Queen Mary University of London already use computer simulations of the hearts of individual patients ____23____ (evaluate) different treatments for atrial fibrillation (心房颤动), a common disorder. ____24____ would be far too risky to experiment this way on someone’s real heart. ____25____ other organs also being twinned by scientists, it seems likely they will eventually link up to form a virtual body. As our Science & technology section reports, digital twins are starting to pop up everywhere. They began as basic computer models of physical objects and systems. ____26____ computers have become more powerful, twins have become more sophisticated. Complex design and modelling software means many physical objects initially take shape in the virtual world. Small sensors, capable of measuring all sorts of things, ____27____ (feed) twins with real-time data, ensuring that they mirror their physical counterparts. A Formula 1 racing car, for instance, may have more than 250 sensors updating its digital twin during a grand prix. The use of AI takes all this much ____28____ (far), allowing virtual models to become more sophisticated, and to both simulate and optimize activities in the real world. You ____29____ worry that this signals a dystopian (反乌托邦的) future; Morpheus, a character in a science-fiction film from 1999____30____ _______a perceptive machine conquered humanity through pervasive virtual reality, had a name for it. He said: “The Matrix is everywhere. It is all around us.” Section B Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．digital B．initiative C． considerable D．safeguard E. cutting-edge F. access G. strictly H. weathered I. ever-present J. towers K. comprehensive AI goes ancient to preserve thousand-year-old Chinese pagoda In the heart of China’s Shanxi Province stands a remarkable testament to human ingenuity and resilience: the Yingxian Wooden Pagoda. Nearly a thousand years old, this architectural marvel has 31 the ravages of time, surviving the chaos of wars and the fury of natural disasters. Standing 67 meters high, the structure - also called the Sakyamuni Pagoda of the Fogong Temple - 32 above the surrounding landscape, multi-tiered wooden roofs offering a striking contrast to the rolling hills and smaller buildings that dot the region. Even with its staggering resilience, the pagoda is showing its 33 age. Built in 1056 and recognized by UNESCO as the world’s oldest and tallest entirely wooden structure, the Yingxian pagoda faces the inevitable effects of time: weathering, structural fatigue, and the 34 threat of wood decay. In fact, it is no longer accessible to tourists who would otherwise leap at the chance to step back in time. Now, the pagoda’s unparalleled value to shared world heritage has inspired a revolutionary effort to preserve it for future generations. Lenovo, the global technology leader, will 35 this ancient treasure using groundbreaking artificial intelligence (AI) technology. In collaboration with Tsinghua University’s School of Architecture, Lenovo launched the “Smart Yingxian Pagoda” project to create a 36 twin of the pagoda that captures every exquisite detail of its architecture, from intricate wood grains to subtle imperfections in statues. This AI-powered replication is much more than just a high-fidelity virtual model - the interactive, navigable experience democratizes 37 to the pagoda’s splendor, allowing people from around the world to explore and study its ancient halls. Moreover, it accelerates ongoing restorative efforts and ensures they 38 adhere to the original style, preserving the pagoda’s historical integrity. “AI for cultural heritage is about using 39 technology to reach back a thousand years to preserve these wonders for the future,” said Shijie Mao, Lenovo vice president and director of research in Shanghai “We relentlessly pursue innovation and transformation, especially in the era of AI, but always with an eye on our communities and human experiences. This 40 embodies our commitment to smarter AI for all.” Looking ahead, Lenovo is exploring involvement in similar heritage preservation projects globally, welcoming more opportunities for collaboration. III.Reading Comprehension (共45分。 41-45每题1分；56-70每题2分) Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A. B.C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context A Neurologist’s Tips to Protect Your Memory As we age, our memory declines. This is a fixed 41 for many of us; however, according to neuroscientist Dr. Richard Restak, a neurologist and clinical professor, decline is not 42 . Ultimately, “we are what we can remember,” he said. Here are some of Dr. Restak’s tips for developing and 43 a healthy memory. Pay more attention. Some memory lapses are actually attention problems, not memory problems. 44 , if you’ve forgotten the name of someone you met at a cocktail party, it could be because you were talking with several people at the time. One way to pay attention when you learn new information is to 45 the word. Having a picture associated with the word, Restak said, can improve 46 . Find regular everyday memory challenges. There are many memory exercises that you can 47 into everyday life. Dr. Restak suggested composing a grocery list and memorizing it. When you get to the store, don’t 48 pull out your list (or your phone) — instead, pick up everything according to your memory. Once in a while, get in the car without turning on your GPS, and try to 49 through the streets from memory. A small 2020 study suggested that people who used GPS more frequently over time showed a steeper cognitive 50 in spatial memory three years later. Play games. Dr. Restak’s “favorite working memory game” is 20 Questions — in which a group thinks of a person, place or object, and the other person, the questioner, asks 20 questions with a yes-or-no answer. Because to succeed, he said, the questioner must hold all of the 51 answers in memory in order to guess the correct answer. The point is to 52 your working memory, “maintaining information and moving it around in your mind,” Restak wrote. Read more novels. One early indicator of memory issues, according to Dr. Restak, is 53 fiction. “People, when they begin to have memory difficulties, tend to switch to reading nonfiction,” he said. Fiction requires active engagement with the text, starting at the beginning and working through to the end. 54 technology. Storing everything on your phone means that “you don’t know it,” Dr. Restak said, which can 55 our own mental abilities. The second way our relationship with technology is harmful to memory is because it often takes our focus away from the task at hand. 41．A．accomplishment B．assumption C．regulation D．observation 42．A．inevitable B．dispensable C．reverse D．doubtful 43．A．striking B．enduring C．arousing D．maintaining 44．A．Nevertheless B．Moreover C．For instance D．Instead 45．A．demonstrate B．trace C．discover D．visualize 46．A．recall B．sight C．target D．instinct 47．A．enclose B．integrate C．evolve D．impose 48．A．steadily B．actively C．gradually D．automatically 49．A．adjust B．rush C．gesture D．navigate 50．A．performance B．decline C．awareness D．increase 51．A．modest B．original C．previous D．personal 52．A．engage B．drain C．insert D．fulfill 53．A．devoting to B．concentrating on C．giving in to D．giving up on 54．A．Beware of B．Stick to C．Long for D．Differ from 55．A．counter B．stock C．erode D．strengthen Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) My husband and I live near San Luis Obispo, California, close to the beach. In November 2023, during the humpback whale migration, we kayaked (划皮划艇) out to watch the wildlife. We were in awe watching these graceful whales breach and spray through their blowholes. At the time, my friend Liz was staying with us. Initially, she refused to join us on the water, fearing the kayak would overturn among the whales. After some cajoling (劝说) she finally agreed to join me. The following morning, we set out early and had our first whale sighting just past the pier: two humpbacks swimming toward us. How amazing to be that close to a creature that size, I thought as the whales dipped under the waterline. When whales go down after breaching, they leave what looks like an oil slick on the water. I figured if we paddled toward that spot, we’d be safe from the whales, since they’d just left. We followed them at a distance — or what I thought was a distance. I later found out that it’s recommended to keep 300 feet away. We were more like 60 feet away. Suddenly, we were surrounded by jumping silverfish fleeing from the whales. Before we could react, our kayak was lifted out of the water about six feet, bracketed by massive jaws. Liz and I slipped out of the kayak into the whale’s mouth. As the whale’s mouth closed, I felt the creature begin to dive and had no idea how deep we’d be dragged. Still, I didn’t panic. I just kept thinking. I’ve got to fight this. I’ve got to breathe. Whales have enormous mouths but tiny throats. Anything they can’t swallow they spit right out. That included us. As soon as the whale dipped underwater, it ejected us, and we popped back up onto the surface about a foot apart. The entire ordeal lasted only about 10 seconds. Other kayakers rushed to our aid, shocked to see us alive. But I am much more aware of the power of nature and the ocean than I was before. Liz was shaken up, comparing the ordeal to a near-death experience, and she says her whale-watching days are over. But even she had to laugh when she got home that afternoon and realized she’d brought back a souvenir. When she pulled off her shirt, six silverfish flopped out. 56．Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage? A．At first, Liz was hesitant to go on the kayaking trip because she was not interested in whale watching. B．If Liz and I had maintained a distance of 300 feet from the whales, we might have avoided the subsequent danger. C．Liz and I slipped into the whale’s mouth because jumping silverfish overturned our kayak. D．Liz is likely to go on another whale-watching trip someday because she found a precious souvenir from this kayaking. 57．How did the narrator feel during the whale encounter? A．Terrified and panicked. B．Disoriented underwater C．Calm and focused. D．Regretful about going kayaking. 58．The underlined word “ordeal” in Paragraph 5 probably means____. A．a challenging or difficult experience B．a thrilling experience C．a surprising encounter D．a joyful adventure 59．What would be the best title of this passage? A．How to Survive a Whale Attack B．Respecting the Power of Nature C．A Day at San Luis Obispo Beach D．I Survived Being Swallowed By a Whale (B) Know how much to tipNew rules of gratuities The pandemic has been particularly hard on people who work for tips. Some haven’t been able to do their jobs at all, while others don’t interact with customers the same way. In either case, tips dried up, causing a lot of people to suffer. Meanwhile, many customers felt the need to tip more because of the new risks and hardships that essential service workers suddenly faced. Just as many services have changed, so should tipping. Some old standards no longer seem fair, and several newer ones will apply long after the pandemic is over. Some new rules of tipping that are likely here to stay: Give more if you can. It’s common for tips to be divided between all the workers at a store or restaurant, not just those who interact directly with customers. So giving generously ensures a fairer tip for all. Think outside the (cash) box.   You can also “tip” with a thank-you note or a homemade gift when a business (or your budget) doesn’t permit gratuities. Consider writing a review online, making sure to name names. Treat business owners differently. A practice of the past, tipping the boss separately is no longer necessary. But if she serves you, tip her as you would any of her workers. As for specific situations, here’s what the experts recommend: FOOD AND DRINKS Restaurant workers Old rule: Leave a tip only when you dine in. New rule: Always tip, even for takeout. Tip: 15 to 20 percent when you dine in, and 10 to 15 percent on takeout or delivery orders. Personal shoppers Old rule: N/A (Not applicable). Many of these services, such as grocery pickup, are newer. New rule: Tip, and do it in the app, since you are unlikely to interact directly with your shopper. Tip: 10 to 15 percent. If a tip is already included, add a few dollars extra. HOME DELIVERIES Package delivery drivers Old rule: Don’t tip. New rule: Show appreciation if you get deliveries more than once a week. Tip: Drinks, snacks, or $5 to $20 if a package is particularly heavy or large. Postal workers cannot accept cash or gifts worth more than $50 per year. UPS tells drivers to decline tips unless a customer insists. And FedEx prohibits employees from accepting cash or cash equivalents (such as gift cards). Flower delivery drivers Old rule: The person who places the order tips those who deliver flowers (and other specialty items). New rule: You can’t assume the gift giver already tipped, so if you’re lucky enough to get such a delivery, pass the goodwill along in the form of a tip. Tip: $5 to $10. PERSONAL SERVICES Ride-share drivers Old rule: Tip in cash. New rule: Ask your driver. The Lyft and Uber apps let you add gratuities, but some drivers prefer cash. Tip: 15 to 20 percent. 60．New rules of tipping are recommended because . A．the pandemic has driven many businesses to financial ruin B．some people have to work from home without interaction C．customers dismiss the old standards as unfair to themselves D．some old tipping standards can’t help some service workers out now 61．Which of the following is TRUE? A．Tip every worker fairly in case some may keep the money to himself. B．The more you tip, the better service you will receive. C．Writing a review online is highly recommended to express gratitude. D．There is no need to tip the boss because he doesn’t provide any service. 62． did best in tipping according to the recommended rules. Name Situation Tip Ginna order a roast goose ($50) at Kam’s Roasts for takeout $0 for the waiter Joan take a delivery of a package from FedEx (bottled water, 500ml, 24-pack) $10 for the FedEx delivery man Susan receive a bunch of flowers delivered by a Flower Plus driver $5 (cash) for the gardener Linn take a Uber ($15) from St Vincent’s Hospital to the Central Library $3 (cash) for the driver A．Ginna B．Joan C．Susan D．Linn (C) The danger of a major solar storm is now at its highest in over a decade As the Sun reaches the peak of its activity cycle, the odds of such a storm hitting Earth rise along with its associated risks, including blackouts, disabled satellites and damaged cell phones and GPS networks. In the most extreme scenarios, some power grids could be knocked out for weeks or even months. But that is the worst case. In the face of such potential disaster, our best hope is to learn more about the Sun-Earth system, monitor solar activity and develop our ability to predict space weather. With the right precautions, solar activity could be a net positive for humanity, as it constantly protects us against harmful radiation from beyond the Solar System So whether we risk the dangers or reap the benefits of living with the Sun will come down to the same thing: our ability to predict and prepare for what our star is going to do next. The whole prediction process is like forecasting normal weather the more you understand the system, the better you can predict what it will do. This is no easy task when it comes to our star. The Sun is complex and not yet well understood, and scientists must also get a better handle on how its emissions travel through space and affect Earth. Compared to forecasting the normal weather, our space weather predictions are about 50 years behind That’s why missions like the Parker Solar Probe - the first spacecraft ever to touch the Sun-are all the more important. Launched in 2018, Parker has already made several discoveries about how the Sun transports energy outward into space. The spacecraft’s data have helped scientists improve their ability to predict exactly when an event at the Sun will later reach Earth. Establishing that timing is important, because it’s an essential first step to an early warning system that would help avoid the worst-case scenario. Yet our current projects are not enough. Parker is not designed to act as a full-time warming system, and it can only study the Sun from one angle at a time. So a constellation of satellites around the Sun are recommended to completely monitor the Sun and always be ready to send warnings back to Earth. 63．Which of the following is closest in meaning to the underlined word! A．obtain B．eliminate C．strengthen D．tolerate 64．Which of the following is mentioned in paragraph 2? A．The solar system releases a lot of harmful radiation to humanity. B．People must learn more to reverse the worst result caused by the Sun. C．Solar activities, if dealt with properly, can be very beneficial to humanity. D．The potential disaster can be fully prevented if we make accurate prediction. 65．What is the main message conveyed in the passage? A．Improving space weather predictions is crucial for preparedness. B．The Sun’s energy transport mechanisms have been fully understood. C．The frequency of solar storms has significantly increased over the past decade. D．A full-time warning system is the only solution to preventing solar storm impacts. 66．What will the following paragraphs probably talk about? A．The sunny sides of space weather and solar activities B．The drawback of the current solar prediction projects. C．The ways to protect the Earth from potential solar storms. D．The measures to improve and redesign the Parker Solar Probe. Section C Directions: Complete the following passage by using the sentences in the box. Each sentence can only be used once. Note that there are two sentences more than you need. Many of our most worrying problems, from overeating to not saving enough for retirement to not working out enough have something in common: lack of self-control. Self-control is what gives us the capacity to say no to choices that are immediately satisfying but costly in the long term — that a piece of chocolate cake (instead of an apple), that afternoon in front of the couch (instead of a visit to the gym). 67 The problem of self-control has puzzled psychologists and behavioral scientists for decades. A great deal of research has identified situations in which self-control failures are likely to happen and tools to help people exercise better control. 68 These motivating incentives can increase our self-control, at least up to a point. Entrepreneurs have also become interested in self-control, as is evident from the many diet and exercise apps and gadgets on the market. To take one notable example, on the commitment contract website stickK.com, users put down some money (say, $200) and state a goal they want to achieve (such as to lose ten pounds in a month). 69 If they meet their goal, they earn their money back. If they don’t, they lose the money. Tools like stickK.com can be effective, but they are often difficult to implement. My colleagues and I conducted a new research to point to a different solution that may be easier to carry out: using rituals. 70 Players in all sorts of sports have rituals that involve actions such as eating the same foods in exactly the same order before a game. From the way some prepare their coffee to the way people celebrate important life events, like weddings or graduations, rituals are a part of our daily life. And though they may seem useless, or even silly, research has found that rituals are powerful. A．They have to point out someone to monitor them and ensure they reach the goal or donate the money. B．Despite our best intentions, we often fail to meet our goals. C．Rituals are series of steps we take while attaching some kind of symbolic meaning. D．In the past, my colleagues and I have found that rituals reduce anxiety before stressful tasks, and improve performance. E．They also need to state what will happen to the money if they don’t stick to their commitments (e.g., it’ll go to a friend or to a charity they do not like). F．For instance, research has found that people persist for longer on tasks that require self-control when they know they’ll be paid for their efforts, or when they are told that their work will benefit others. IV.Summary Writing (共10分） Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point( s)of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. Ann Grand: A Visual Thinker Ann Grand is a visual thinker. When somebody speaks to her, the words are instantly translated into pictures, like a video in her head. Unlike most people, her thoughts move from video-like images to generalizations and concepts. Furthermore, her memories usually appear in her imagination in order of time, and the images visualized are always specific. For example,if she thinks about a chimney, she sees detailed pictures, like the one in her old house and then those in her hometown. That one word can tun into a full-length video in her head. Grand's mind works like the Internet search engine which produces dozens of images of an object a user is searching for. Visual thinking has enabled grand to build entire systems in her imagination which works similarly to a computer program because it can produce three-dimensional design simulations(三维仿真设计).This was important to her as an equipment designer for the livestock industry. Before she started construction on her designs, she would test-run the equipment in her mind She formed mental pictures of her designs in every possible situation, with different sizes and breeds of cattle and in different weather conditions. This process made it possible for her to correct mistakes before construction started. Grand's mind is also sensitive to details, which was important in her work with cattle. Her sharp awareness of the visual world led to noteworthy observations about animals, She noticed many little things that most people would not consider that seared the cattle. For example, a coat on a fence or a pipe on the floor would frighten them away. Grand's visualization abilities have also helped her understand the animals she worked with. This led her to create designs ranging from sweeping, curved fences intended to reduce the stress experienced by animals that were going to be killed to systems for handling sick cattle and pigs. 71.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ V.Translation (共15分。第1小题和第2小题,每题3分;第3题4分;第4题5分。) Directions:Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets 72. 这次春游为同学们提供了放松的机会。(provide) ________________ 73. 缩小贫富差距是政府面临的主要挑战之一。(face) ________________ 74. 只有充分利用有限的时间, 才能适应快节奏的现代生活。(Only) ________________ 75. 毫无疑问，无人驾驶汽车在批量生产和大范围商用之前还有不少问题需要解决。(remain) ________________ VI.Guided Writing (共25分) Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华，暑假在伦敦学习。你得知当地美术馆要举办中国画展览，非常感兴趣，请写一封信申请当志愿讲解员。 内容包括：1. 申请理由；2. 表达感谢。 注意：1. 写作词数为100词左右；2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Sir/ Madam, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司22 / 23 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $