Unit 4 Inspiration（单元测试·提升卷）英语沪教版选择性必修第二册

One listening comprehension section a directions. In section a, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said, the conversations and the questions will be spoken only once after you hear a conversation and the question about IT, you will have seven seconds to decide which choice is the best answer to the question you've heard. Now you have one hundred seconds to read all the choices on the screen. One, sir, may I help you? yes. Did the cleaning . staff find a wallet in the room that I just checked out . of question? What is the man looking for? Two, please get me a beer, a cold one. You know, I never drink beer without ice. but IT is winter. Now, don't you think that's bad? For your stomach question. what does the woman think of the man's preference for ice beer? Three, is James playing the piano in this video? No, James is out of town for a concert. The two players show remarkably similar playing styles and even look a bit like each other. Question, what can we learn from the conversation? For where did you put the keys to the storage room? I need to get some supplies. I left them on the desk, in the office, right next to the computer question. where can the woman find the keys? Five, is Linda attending the workshop today? No. he had a family emergency and had to leave, but her assistant will be here and he can totally represent her and is quite approached. Question, what does the man mean? Six, i'm having trouble drawing the models right. ARM. To get the perspective you want, you need to use another skill here. Give me your pencil question. What will the woman most probably do next? Seven professor, a few of us at the back didn't get a copy of your reading assignment. Well. I didn't expect there to be so many students that there are no more than thirty eight names on my class list, and I didn't bring any spare copies. Question what can be learned from the conversation? Eight, how silly of me. I miss all of your White table cloth. No worries, it'll come right out with soap water. Question, what does the woman mean? Nine, I still haven't decided on the wedding ceremony gift for my wife. Flowers are out of date, and he loves gold earrings, but these things are expensive. Come on, IT isn't an occasion when you should think too much about the Price question. What does the woman think the man should do? Ten, someone said that there was a documentary on television last night about eagles. I wish i'd seen IT, since that's what we are studying in my biology class. I'm sorry if I had known you were interested in that sort of things, I would have told . you question, what does the woman imply? Section b directions in section b, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, you will have seven seconds to decide which choice would be the best answer to the question. You have heard questions eleven through thirteen are based on the following passage. Now you have thirty seconds to read all the choices on the screen. Orson wells was an american actor, radio broadcaster, screenwriter, film and theatre director, magician and film producer. He spent his childhood in chicago, but at the age of fifteen, he left his home and traveled around ireland, walking and painting. He was a talented artist when he reached double in the capital of ireland. He walked into the gate theatre and claimed to be a star of the american stage. We can't tell whether or not the manager of the theater believe the story, but he did give wells a staring role in a new play. Wells was a hit with both the public and the critics. After returning to the U. S. A, he worked on a series of books called the mercury shakespeare, which were best sellers for decades, but he achieved worldwide fame in one thousand and thirty eight with his radio broadcasting of the famous science fiction story the war of the words. The program was in the style of a news report, and thousands of listeners panic, believing that creatures from mars really had conquered the earth. At the age of twenty six, wells wrote, directed, produced in star in a film named citizen cane, which many film critics considered red to be the greatest film ever made. His acting was powerful and convincing. In one scene, his character became so angry that he destroyed a room with his bare hand hands. After this scene, walls apparently walked off the set with blood on his hands, saying to himself, I felt IT. I felt IT. Now listen again. Orson wells . was an american actor, radio broadcaster, screenwriter, film and theater director, magician and film producer. He spent his childhood in chicago, but at the age of fifteen, he left his home and traveled around ireland walking and painting. He was a talented artist. When he reached double in the capital of ireland, he walked into the gate theatre and claimed to be a star of the american stage. We can't tell whether or not the manager of the theatre believed the story, but he did give wales a staring role in a new play. Wells was a hit with both the public and the critics. After returning to the USA, he worked on a series of books called the mercury shakespeare, which were best sellers for decades. But he achieved worldwide fame in one thousand nine thirty eight with his radio broadcasting of the famous science fiction story the war of the worlds. The program was in the style of a news report and thousands of listener's panic, believing that creatures from mars really had conquered the earth at the age of twenty six. Wells wrote, directed, produced in star in a film named citizen cane, which many film critics considered to be the greatest film ever made. His acting was powerful and convincing. In one scene, his character became so angry that he destroyed a room with his bare hands. After this scene, walls apparently walked off the set with blood on his hands, saying to himself, I felt IT. I felt IT. Questions eleven, what did orson wells do in ireland? Twelve, how did awesome walls perform in the film of citizen cane? Thirteen, what's the main idea of the passage? Questions fourteen through sixteen are based on the following passage. Now you have thirteen seconds to read all the choices on the screen. Before reading, watching the english by kate fox, II had never really thought about how english appeared to other cultures, despite feeling a little defensive at times, I was genuinely laughing out loud as I read this highly entertaining book. IT talks about the hidden social rules that confuse foreign visitors. For example, how we behave on public transport. It's O, K. To ask questions, like, is this train going to Victoria? But otherwise, starting conversations with strangers on trains is simply not socially acceptable. In fact, it's absolutely Normal for the english to spend years travelling on the same train together without exchanging a single word. Despite this, people standing at a bus stop will often feel the need to break an uncomfortable silence by talking about the weather. But here again, potential embarrassment waited for the unsuspecting visitor. Whether speak usually starts with a question which invites the other person into a conversation. Rather cold isn't IT. But the hidden rule here is we have to agree, disagreeing could cause in polite tss, and the conversation would probably come to a sudden end. The only way of stating our true feelings is, first to agree, yes, IT is isn't IT. And then we can add a personal comment. But I quite like this kind of weather. Now listen again before reading, watching the english by kate fox, I had never really thought about how english appeared to other cultures. Despite feeling a little defensive at times, I was genuinely laughing out loud as I read this highly entertaining book. IT talks about the hidden social rules that confuse foreign visitors. For example, how we behave on public transport. It's OK to ask questions like, is this train going to Victoria? But otherwise, starting conversations with angers on trains is simply not socially acceptable. In fact, it's absolutely Normal for the english to spend years traveling on the same train together without exchanging a single word. Despite this, people standing at a bus stop will often feel the need to break an uncomfortable silence by talking about the weather. But here again, potential embarrassment, weight for the unsuspecting visitor, whether speak usually starts with a question which invites the other person into a conversation. Rather cold isn't IT. But the hidden rule here is we have to agree. Disagreeing could cause in polite tss, and the conversation would probably come to a sudden end. The only way of stating our true feelings is first to agree, yes, IT is isn't IT. And then we can add a personal comment, but I quite like this kind of weather . questions. Fourteen, what do the english people usually do on trains? Fifteen, which is most likely to be a proper response to weather talk. Sixteen, what's mainly talked about in the passage. Questions seventeen, three, twenty are based on the following conversation. Now you have forty seconds to read all the choices on the screen. Have you heard about the idea of mining the deep sea? Yeah, I read that a robot might be used to mind medals from the ocean floor. Sounds amazing. IT really does. They plan to obtain from there some rare earth metals, which are crucial for making electronics, phones and batteries. I saw that no country owns the deep sea, so the international seabed authority is in charge of giving mining permissions. That's interesting. true. They've already given twenty nine organizations the Green light to explore and plan for mining. Some might start as early as twenty . twenty seven. But isn't there a risk to deep sea ecosystems? I remember reading about a test in one thousand nine and eighty nine where they disturbed the sea floor and IT still hasn't fully recovered. absolutely. Some studies suggest deeper sea biodiversity is irreplacable. Many species there haven't even been discovered yet. Disturbing the mud and rocks can harm marine life for a long time. Scientists are worried about the potential long lasting damage. It's a tough call because we do need those medals for new technologies, especially for renewable energy sources. But should we risk harming the deep sea? Now, listen again. Have you heard about the idea of mining the deep sea? Yeah. I read that a robot might be used to mind medals from the ocean floor. Sounds amazing. IT really does. They plan to obtain from there some rare earth metals, which are crucial for making electronics like phones and batteries. I saw that no country owns the deep sea, so the international seabed authority is in charge of giving mining permission. That's interesting. true. They've already given twenty nine organizations the Green light to explore and plan for mining. Some might start as early as twenty . twenty seven. But isn't there a risk to deep sea ecosystems? I remember reading about a test in one thousand nine and eighty nine where they disturb bed, the sea floor and IT still hasn't fully recovered. absolutely. Some studies suggest deep sea biodiversity is irreplacable. Many species there haven't even been discovered yet. Disturbing the mud and rocks can harm marine life for a long time. Scientists are worried about the potential long lasting damage. It's a tough call because we do need those medals for new technologies, especially for renewable energy sources. But should we risk harming the deep sea? Questions . seventeen, what are the two speakers mainly talking about? Eighteen, what can be learned about the international seabed authority? Nineteen, how many organisations have been entitled to mining in the deep sea? Twenty, what concern is raised about deep sea mining? 2025-2026学年高二选择性必修第二册英语单元测试 Unit 4 ·提升卷 学校:___________班级：___________姓名：___________分数：___________ （考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：140分） 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 I.Listening Comprehension （第1-10题, 每题1分；第11-20题，每题1.5分；共25分） Section A Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. A. A wallet. B. A staff member. C. A piece of cleaning equipment. D. A room to stay for a night. 2. A. Beneficial. B. Unhealthy. C. Common. D. Rare. 3. A. James does not play in the video. B. James prefers to play in the town. C. James does not look like the person in the video. D. James is learning a new playing style for the concert. 4. A. On the desk in the office. B. In the storage room. C. Next to the printer. D. In the supply room. 5. A. Linda's assistant is attending the workshop on her behalf. B. Linda is as easy-going as her assistant. C. Linda usually works in an emergency room. D. Linda's assistant is planning to leave for the workshop. 6. A. Draw from a different perspective. B. Ask the model to move his arm. C. Show the man a drawing technique. D. Sharpen the man's pencil. 7. A. The man didn't have any extra copies. B. The man prepared more than 38 copies. C. A few students didn't bring their assignment. D. The students at the back were late for class. 8. A. She's not upset about what the man did. B. She would like the man to do the laundry. C. She doesn't know how to deal with the problem. D. She thinks it's silly to use white table cloth. 9. A. Buy his wife gold earrings. B. Send flowers to his wife. C. Choose a less expensive gift. D. Ask for the wife's opinion. 10. A. She usually watched documentaries at night. B. She didn't watch the documentary often. C. She didn't have time to help the man with biology. D. She knew that program was on last night. Section B Directions: In Section B, you will hear two passages and one longer conversation. After each passage or conversation, you will be asked several questions. The passages and conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage. 11. A. He starred in a new play. B. He learned from a talented artist. C. He produced a hit movie. D. He became the manager of a theatre. 12. A. His performance relied on expansive gestures. B. His acting was apparently bloody. C. He acted in a strong and persuasive way. D. He struggled to perform due to inexperience. 13. A. Orson Welles' achievements in various fields. B. How Welles became a famous magician. C. Why Citizen Kane became a success. D. Welles' learning experience and its impact. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage. 14. A. Stay away from foreign visitors. B. Ask about the time. C. Exchange ideas of the weather. D. Avoid talking with others. 15. A. One that starts with agreement. B. One that introduces a question. C. One that ensures a quick end. D. One that avoids expressing feelings. 16. A. The reasons why the English are hard to understand. B. Some hidden English social rules uncovered in a book. C. The author's initial reaction to reading the book. D. Traffic rules on public transport and at bus stops. Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation. 17. A. Potential for obtaining metals from the deep sea. B. Profits from renewable energy found at sea. C. The exploration of biodiversity in the sea. D. The impact of plastic pollution on oceans. 18. A. It does mining experiments in the deep sea. B. It owns and controls all deep-sea resources. C. It issues deep-sea mining permissions. D. It opposes deep-sea mining for lack of funding. 19. A. 29. B. 2027. C. 38. D. 1989. 20. A. Arguments over deep-sea ownership. B. The possible harm to deep-sea ecosystems. C. The function of the electronics may be influenced. D. Insufficient methods for deep-sea mining. II.Grammar and Vocabulary （每题1分；共20分） Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. A team of engineers at Harvard University has been inspired by Nature to create the first robotic fly. The mechanical fly has become a platform for a series of new high- tech integrated systems. Designed to do what a fly does naturally, the tiny machine is the size of a fat housefly. Its mini wings allow it to stay in the air and perform 21 (control) flight tasks. “It’s extremely important for us to think about this 22 a whole system and not just the sum of a bunch of individual components,” said Robert Wood, the Harvard engineering professor who has been working on the robotic fly project for over a decade. A few years ago, his team got the go-ahead 23 (start) piecing together the components. “The added difficulty with a project like this is that actually 24 of those components are off the shelf and so we have to develop them all on our own,” he said. They engineered a series of systems to start and drive the robotic fly. “The seemingly simple system which just moves the wings has a number of interdependencies on the individual components, each of 25 individually has to perform well, but then has to be matched well to everything it’s 26 (connect) to,” said Wood. The flight device was built into a set of power, computation, sensing and control systems. Wood says the success of the project proves that the flying robot with these tiny components 27 be built and manufactured. 28 this first robotic flyer is linked to a small, off- board power source, the goal is eventually to equip it with a built- in power source, so that it might someday perform data- 29 (gather) work at rescue sites, in farmers’ fields or on the battlefield. “Basically it should be able to take off, land and fly around,” he said. Wood says the design offers a new way to study flight mechanics and control at insect- scale. Yet, the power, sensing and computation technologies on board could have much broader applications. “You can start thinking about using them to answer open scientific questions, you know, to study biology in ways that would be difficult with the animals, but using these robots instead,” he said. “So there are a lot of technologies and open interesting scientific questions that are really 30 drives us on a day- to- day basis.” Section B Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. day-trippers        B．enthusiasts      C．exploring       D．first-tier      E. guided F. inclusive       G. interacting     H. potential    I. rhyme       J. tailored     K. trending Gather together a couple of good friends and take a leisurely walk through the streets—this is what many youngsters in China enjoy doing when they visit a new city. Citywalk can be a(n) 31 trip tailor-made for a small group of people organized by a travel agency, or simply a leisurely walk for once or two to explore new areas, sticking to the key point: avoiding famous scenic spots and big crowds to gain a more 32 experience of the places you visit. That is to say, you are given the freedom to explore endless possibilities. Hashtags (话题标签) and keywords for Citywalk are currently 33 across multiple Chinese social media platforms, as more and more people look to share their experiences and thoughts online. In China, the Citywalk trend is spreading from 34 cities like Beijing and Shanghai to second and third-tier cities, encouraging more participants and event organizers to get involved. Some organizers invite folk culture 35 to act as tour guides. Xiao Yiyi is a young entrepreneur (创业者) based in Changsha 36 new possibilities in the tourism sector. Recently she launched six Citywalk routes in different cities on her social media account, with the aim of providing experiences for visitors to walk in “open-air museums”, an approach for young people to 37 with a city. Xiao Yiyi said her events usually last around half a day. Beijing and Shandong have included Citywalk in their plans to promote cultural tourism and leisure tours. Shanghai has established Citywalk routes using public bus routes to help 38 reach more remote districts by public transport and continue on foot. Even though Citywalk is a relatively new phenomenon, industry insiders say that its 39 is huge. Many tour guides also try to expand their influence online, sharing their experiences to attract potential customers. Citywalk is offerıng a positive change to urban travelers as they can better choose the experiences that correspond with their interests and needs. At the same time, Citywalk represents an opportunity for tour guides to offer a more 40 , professional service to meet with ever-changing market demands. III.Reading Comprehension (共45分。 41-45每题1分；56-70每题2分) Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A. B.C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context Whether it is to bring bad news to your boss, or to face an interview panel, corporate life throws up distressing moments. But few things are worse than 41 if you are an introvert. You arrive at an event to find everyone knowing each other already. But then you look more closely and spot the 42 . They are the people who pretend to be reading the conference agenda, or checking mail box with greater 43 than ever happens at the office. Fortunately, there is advice on how to break the ice. First, make 44 in queues, because it is easier to talk to the person in front of you and behind you. Alternatively, don’t be afraid to laugh, because nothing 45 the tension from room like laughter. Additionally, take notes on conversations to appear truly 46 . However, it’s not that easy to apply these tricks to real-life situations. But don’t worry, here’s another good news: building bonds on LinkedIn, an employment-focused site, is a lot less 47 . There is no eye contact, 48 , and the rules are well-accepted. A paper found that, because they bring you novel information, more 49 relationships are more useful than close contacts. The experiment showed that weaker ties were more likely to 50 job applications and job moves than stronger ties. This sounds like a relief for introverts, but let’s face it: even weak ties need tending. Even online, extroversion invariably 51 higher social acceptability. There isn’t a genuinely painless 52 for introverts’ expending the social circle. Still, there is one thing that you can do: to save your energy for the people who most likely interests you. According to Dr. Rajkumar, it’s not always the thing that the weaker the tie, the better. The sweet spot in expanding connection is someone with 53 weak ties to you. In other words, it 54 if you can identify people who can bring you new information but are close enough to your world that this information is useful. In the offline world, a tool like ChatGPT should make it easier to find useful prospects in a list of event attendees. Still, you need to overcome all your 55 as introverts and approach them. 41．A．lying B．performing C．networking D．negotiating 42．A．fellow sufferers B．companion seekers C．mindless wanderers D．natural speakers 43．A．disgust B．relief C．intensity D．emotion 44．A．jokes B．contact C．comments D．judgment 45．A．heightens B．drains C．sustains D．builds 46．A．confused B．embarrassed C．fulfilled D．engaged 47．A．desirable B．stressful C．helpful D．hopeful 48．A．after all B．in turn C．by far D．in response 49．A．solid B．complicated C．unusual D．infrequent 50．A．make for B．make off C．make out D．make up 51．A．predicts B．chops C．boasts D．underlines 52．A．recovery B．recipe C．status D．decision 53．A．objectively B．moderately C．prospectively D．initially 54．A．follows suit B．holds true C．pays off D．takes pain 55．A．instincts B．conflicts C．shortcomings D．bias Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) The turning point of my life was my decision to give up a promising business career and study music. My parents, although sympathetic, and sharing my love of music, disapproved of it as a profession. This was understandable in view of the family background. My grandfather had taught music for nearly forty years. Though much respected in the community, he earned barely enough to provide for his large family. As a consequence of this example in the family, the very mention of music as a profession carried with it a picture of a risky existence with uncertain financial rewards. My parents insisted on college instead of a conservatory of music, and to college I went quite happily, as I remember, for although I loved my violin and spent most of my spare time practicing, I had many other interests. Before my graduation, the family met with severe financial reverses and I felt it my duty to leave college and take a job. Thus I launched upon a business career — which I always think of as the wasted years. Now I do not for a moment mean to disparage (贬低) business. My whole point is that it was not for me. I went into it for money, and aside from the satisfaction of being able to help the family, money is all I got out of it. It was not enough. From being merely discontented I became miserable. I continued to make money, and finally, bit by bit, accumulated enough to enable me to go abroad to study music. The family being once more solvent (有偿付能力), and my help no longer necessary. I resigned from my position and, feeling like a man release from jail, sailed for the world of music. I stayed in Europe for four years and enjoyed every minute of it. “Enjoyed” is too mild a word. I walked on air. I really lived. I was a free man and I was doing what I loved to do and what I was meant to do. If I had stayed in business, I might be a comparatively wealthy man today, but I do not believe I would have made a success of living. I would have given up all those inner satisfactions that money can never buy. 56．Which of the following statements about the writer’s parents is TRUE? A．They had no passion for music at all. B．Both of them used to be the music teachers. C．They felt sorry for not supporting the writer. D．They insisted sending the writer to a music school. 57．The reason why the writer started a business career is that his family met with_____. A．a financial problem B．a separation of the members C．a natural disaster D．a disagreement in opinion 58．Which of the following is NOT a reason for the writer to give up the business career? A．He could gain no inner satisfaction except the financial benefits. B．The money he earned was far from enough to support his dream. C．His family recovered from the financial reverse years later. D．He had earned sufficient wealth to go broad for further study. 59．Which of the following can be the best title for the passage? A．My Criticism on Business B．Life in a Violin Case C．The Essence of Money D．Freedom from Struggle (B) Outdoor Recreation Get outdoors with us this summer and experience the excitement and peace within our unique programs. Research suggests that being physically active within green spaces helps reduce stress, anxiety and anger, and improves moods and overall health and wellbeing. Our Department combines experiential activities for your enjoyment. All fitness levels are welcome; we can accommodate most accessible needs. Please contact Laurie Wright at wright@utsc.utoronto.ca with any questions. Trips are offered to registered U of T students first and then if there is space to staff, non-registered students and guests of the participants. Register at recreg.utoronto.ca or in person at the TPASC Registration Desk. Please check our website for all updated trip dates, prices, registration details and more! Refunds are only available up to 5 business days prior to the trip. Upcoming Adventures TBD: Treetop Trekking and Mountain Biking Participants will travel by bus up to the Horseshoe Valley Resort. You may choose between a 3-hour Treetop Trekking adventure or 2 hours of x-country mountain biking through the region’s forest trails. Treetop Trekking involves zip-lining (moving quickly with the rider suspended from a cable) and climbing through obstacle courses in a peaceful forest setting. Both adventures will be instructor-led and all equipment will be provided. No experience necessary. Beginner to advanced courses will be available. Tuesday, June 13th : Outdoor Rock Climbing or Hiking Trails A bus will transport students to Milton to either hike the area or rock climb. The rock climbing will take place at Rattlesnake Point and there is an opportunity for students to challenge themselves by climbing up to 80ft on some of the best rocks in Southern Ontario. All instructors are fully certified and all equipment will be provided. A custom course will be set up to meet the needs of climbers. The hike will take place through some of the Bruce Peninsula trails and Halton Parks. Participants will have over 20kms of trails to choose from. You may hike with a group or follow the map trails with some friends. Friday, June 30th (indefinite date): Warsaw Caves The Warsaw Caves Conservation Area and Campground takes its name from a series of seven caves found in the park. Join us as we explore the multiple courses through the caves have a picnic lunch. Come enjoy this natural underground jungle gym. 60．John, a U of T teaching staff member, would like to take part in some of these programs, what problem may he encounter? A．He can’t get his fees for a Tuesday trip back if he cancels it the previous Monday. B．These outdoor adventures will exhaust him and leave him in low spirits. C．There may be no space for him because registered students enjoy priority. D．The program that explores the Warsaw Caves underground is sure to change its date. 61．All of the following are activities mentioned in the passage ЕХСЕРТ___________. A．bird watching B．zip-lining C．hiking D．cave exploring 62．Which of the following statements is true according to this passage? A．Money can be refunded within five business days after the trip starts. B．Adventurers should have some basic trekking and biking skills. C．Students must bring some climbing equipment required by the programs. D．The name Warsaw Caves originated from the seven caves found in the park. (C) “Holiday” or “vacation,” “my friend’s cat” or “the cat of my friend” — in our language, there are different ways of expressing the same things and concepts. But can these choices affect our inclination to cooperate with certain individuals? A research team led by Theresa Matzinger from the University of Vienna investigated this and found that people are more likely to team up with those who use similar linguistic (语言的) expressions in a conversation. In an experiment, 100 English-speaking study participants each described pictures for two conversation partners. The pictures showed situations that the participants could describe using two different grammatical constructions that meant the same thing, such as “John gives Mary the book” or “John gives the book to Mary.” Next, the participants’ roles were switched and they received picture descriptions of their partners. Finally, when they had to decide whom they wanted to cooperate with for a subsequent game, most participants chose people who spoke similarly and used the same grammatical construction. In a follow-up experiment with the same participants, researchers tried to get a better sense of this phenomenon. They questioned whether it was due to recognizing similar speakers as part of their social group, which enhanced cooperation, or because similar speech indicated a willingness to adjust one’s behavior to fit with others. This time, participants had to name pictures using the grammatical construction that sounded less natural to them. When choosing cooperation partners afterward, they favored those who matched their natural language use over those who resembled (相似) the language they used in the experiment. This suggests that a sense of belonging to the same social group, based on natural linguistic expression, is the more decisive factor in choosing cooperation partners. “Our study shows that even small linguistic differences can affect the way we recognize and respond to others,” Matzinger summarizes. The researchers hope to use the results to better understand how cooperative decisions are made within linguistically diverse groups and help reduce prejudices against people who speak differently. 63．What does the underlined word “inclination” in Paragraph 1 mean? A．technique B．preference C．performance D．responsibility 64．What can be learned about the first experiment? A．It allows the use of multiple languages. B．It provides pictures with open interpretations. C．It evaluates participants on their grammar use. D．It involves taking turns with picture descriptions. 65．What does similar language use indicate concerning partners? A．A friendly character. B．A cooperative attitude. C．A common social identity. D．A high level of adaptability. 66．Where can the findings of the study be applied to? A．Public speeches on TV. B．Cross-cultural team building. C．Standardized academic exams. D．Human-computer conversations. Section C Directions: Complete the following passage by using the sentences in the box. Each sentence can only be used once. Note that there are two sentences more than you need. Giving Robots a Fleshy Face and a Smile If humanoid robots look a bit cold-would it help if they had fleshy faces that can smile at you? A research team in Japan has created a face mask from human skin cells and attached it to robots with a novel technique. 67 .  This outward layer, the researchers say, is both elastic and durable enough to protect robots while making them appear more human. “Human-like faces and expressions improve communication and empathy in human-robot interactions,” said Shoji Takeuchi, the study’s lead researcher. “This further makes robots more effective in health care, service and companionship roles.” Beyond expressiveness, the “skin” can self-repair and heal. 68 . The novel skin attachment method advances the newborn “biohybrid” robotics field, said Kevin Lynch, an expert on robotics and biosystems. This field integrates mechanical engineering with genetic and tissue engineering. “This study is an innovative contribution to the problem of anchoring artificial skin to the underlying material,” said Lynch.  Takeuchi’s team has been working with labmade human skin for years. In 2022, they developed a robotic finger covered in living skin. 69 . The team had tried anchoring the skin with mini-hooks, but those caused tears as the robot moved. The researchers then decided to mimic ligaments (韧带), the tiny ropes of loose tissue that connect bones. They drilled small, V-shaped holes into the robot and applied a gel，which plugged the holes and made the artificial skin attach to the robot.  “This approach integrates traditional rigid robots with soft, biological skins, making them more ‘human-like,’” said Yifan Wang, a mechanical engineer. 70 . “This could create opportunities for the robots to sense and safely interact with humans,” Wang said. The faces of the robots with artificial skin in Takeuchi’s lab are unable to sense touch or temperature change. Takeuchi said that is his next research target. “We aim to create skin that closely resembles real skin by gradually constructing essential components such as blood vessels, nerves and sweat glands,” he said. In place of the neural systems that convey sensation in a human body, a robot’s electronics would need to power a sensor signal. This development, Wang said, would require much more time and research. A．It is flexible enough to turn down into a grimace (鬼脸) or up into a smile. B．This is “an exciting area of development,” but market adoption would be complex. C．It could bend like a human finger, making it capable of performing more precise tasks. D．While protecting a robot’s complex machinery, it is soft and light enough for a wide range of uses. E．This capacity is a “critical feature” for humanoid robots as even small scratches could lead to breakdowns. F．The skin attachment also gives humanoid robots the potential for sensation, taking science one step closer to sci-fi fantasy. IV.Summary Writing (共10分） Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point( s)of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. Absent-mindedness “Most events of absent-mindedness—forgetting where you left something or wondering why you just entered a room—are caused by a simple lack of attention,” says Dr. Daniel Schacter, a distinguished psychologist and memory scientist. “You’re supposed to remember something, but you haven’t encoded it deeply.” “Encoding,” Schacter explains, “is a special way of paying attention to an event that has a major impact on recalling it later.” Failure to encode properly can create annoying situations. If you put your mobile phone in a pocket of a jacket, for example, and don’t pay attention to what you did because you’re involved in a conversation, you’ll probably forget where exactly you put your mobile phone. Your memory itself isn’t failing you. Rather, you didn’t give your memory system the information it needed. As many people accept, women have slightly better memories than men, possibly because they pay more attention to their environment, and memory relies on just that. Yes, visual cues can help prevent absent-mindedness. But be sure the cue is clear and available. If you want to remember to take a medication with lunch, put the pill bottle on the kitchen table—don't leave it in the medicine chest and write yourself a note that you keep in a pocket. Lack of interest can also lead to absent-mindedness. “A man who can recite sports statistics from 30 years ago may not remember to drop a letter in the mailbox,” says Zelinski, a scientist from New York University. There are many cases in life where women can remember prices of bags of different brands while they tend to forget the specific place where they put their bags. 71.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ V.Translation (共15分。第1小题和第2小题,每题3分;第3题4分;第4题5分。) Directions:Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets 72．众所周知，陶渊明是中国古代一位杰出和有影响力的诗人，他写了一百三十余首诗。（acknowledge）（汉译英） 73．古代人并不知道季节变化会影响农作物的收成；相反，他们将丰收归功于祖先的庇护。(credit) (汉译英) 74．心怀对中国历史和哲学的崇敬之情，这位葡萄牙作家盼望着有朝一日能去中国看看。（look）(汉译英) 75．如今，风筝赛早已不仅仅是展示技艺、传承文化的平台，更是推动文化体育事业繁荣发展的重要契机。（more than）(汉译英) VI.Guided Writing (共25分) Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 假设你是明启中学高三学生李明，最近收到英国笔友Marylin的邮件。在邮件中，她提到自己对于高中毕业后是留在英国升造还是来中国留学犹豫不决，想听听你的意见。回复一封邮件，内容须包括： 1) 你的建议； 2) 你的理由。 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司22 / 23 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025-2026学年高二选择性必修第二册英语单元测试 Unit 4·提升卷（参考答案） I.Listening Comprehension （第1-10题, 每题1分；第11-20题，每题1.5分；共25分） 1-5 ABAAA 6-10 CAAAD 11-13 ACA 14-16 DAB 17-20 ACAB II.Grammar and Vocabulary （每题1分；共20分） Section A 21．controlled 22．as 23．to start 24．none 25．which 26．connected 27．can 28．Although/Though/While 29．gathering 30．what Section B 31．E 32．F 33．K 34．D 35．B 36．C 37．G 38．A 39．H 40．J III.Reading Comprehension (共45分。 41-45每题1分；56-70每题2分) Section A 41．C 42．A 43．C 44．B 45．B 46．D 47．B 48．A 49．D 50．A 51．A 52．B 53．B 54．C 55．A Section B 56．C 57．A 58．B 59．B 60．C 61．A 62．D 63．B 64．D 65．C 66．B Section C 67．A 68．E 69．C 70．F IV.Summary Writing (共10分） Lack of attention or interest can result in absent-mindedness. Lack of attention refers either to not giving information to your memory system effectively for you to recall it later or to not recognizing visual cues in the environment, in which case the cue should be visual and approachable. Lack of interest causes us to forget what might otherwise be remembered. V.Translation (共15分。第1小题和第2小题,每题3分;第3题4分;第4题5分。) 72. It is universally acknowledged that Tao Yuanming is an outstanding and influential poet in ancient China, who wrote more than 130 poems. 73. Ancient people did not know that seasonal changes affected/ affect farming outcomes/ harvest/ yield/ production of crops/ grains/ produce. Instead/ On the contrary/ Conversely, they credited successful harvests to the protection/ blessing of ancestors. 74. With a deep respect for Chinese history and philosophy in his heart, the Portuguese writer is looking forward to having a look at China one day. 75. Nowadays, kite competitions are more than just a platform for displaying skills and inheriting culture; they are also a crucial opportunity to promote the prosperity and development of cultural and sports undertakings. VI.Guided Writing (共25分) Dear Marylin, I’m glad to receive your email and I understand your dilemma about choosing where to pursue further studies. From my point of view, I’d suggest you taking the opportunity to study abroad, which is more rewarding in the long run. First of all, studying abroad will broaden our horizons and help us gain rich knowledge, which is hardly possible to be learned in your own country. Since you’ve always been keen on Chinese culture and customs, it’s truly a great chance for you to experience different culture. Second, not only can studying abroad help us learn different culture and knowledge from foreign countries, but also is beneficial to foster our perseverance and invisibly enhance our ability to depend on ourselves. I believe it’s wiser and more meaningful for you to come to China for further study after graduation. Yours Li Ming 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司2 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025-2026学年高二选择性必修第二册英语单元测试 Unit 4 ·提升卷 学校:___________班级：___________姓名：___________分数：___________ （考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：140分） 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 I.Listening Comprehension （第1-10题, 每题1分；第11-20题，每题1.5分；共25分） Section A Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. A. A wallet. B. A staff member. C. A piece of cleaning equipment. D. A room to stay for a night. 2. A. Beneficial. B. Unhealthy. C. Common. D. Rare. 3. A. James does not play in the video. B. James prefers to play in the town. C. James does not look like the person in the video. D. James is learning a new playing style for the concert. 4. A. On the desk in the office. B. In the storage room. C. Next to the printer. D. In the supply room. 5. A. Linda's assistant is attending the workshop on her behalf. B. Linda is as easy-going as her assistant. C. Linda usually works in an emergency room. D. Linda's assistant is planning to leave for the workshop. 6. A. Draw from a different perspective. B. Ask the model to move his arm. C. Show the man a drawing technique. D. Sharpen the man's pencil. 7. A. The man didn't have any extra copies. B. The man prepared more than 38 copies. C. A few students didn't bring their assignment. D. The students at the back were late for class. 8. A. She's not upset about what the man did. B. She would like the man to do the laundry. C. She doesn't know how to deal with the problem. D. She thinks it's silly to use white table cloth. 9. A. Buy his wife gold earrings. B. Send flowers to his wife. C. Choose a less expensive gift. D. Ask for the wife's opinion. 10. A. She usually watched documentaries at night. B. She didn't watch the documentary often. C. She didn't have time to help the man with biology. D. She knew that program was on last night. Section B Directions: In Section B, you will hear two passages and one longer conversation. After each passage or conversation, you will be asked several questions. The passages and conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage. 11. A. He starred in a new play. B. He learned from a talented artist. C. He produced a hit movie. D. He became the manager of a theatre. 12. A. His performance relied on expansive gestures. B. His acting was apparently bloody. C. He acted in a strong and persuasive way. D. He struggled to perform due to inexperience. 13. A. Orson Welles' achievements in various fields. B. How Welles became a famous magician. C. Why Citizen Kane became a success. D. Welles' learning experience and its impact. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage. 14. A. Stay away from foreign visitors. B. Ask about the time. C. Exchange ideas of the weather. D. Avoid talking with others. 15. A. One that starts with agreement. B. One that introduces a question. C. One that ensures a quick end. D. One that avoids expressing feelings. 16. A. The reasons why the English are hard to understand. B. Some hidden English social rules uncovered in a book. C. The author's initial reaction to reading the book. D. Traffic rules on public transport and at bus stops. Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation. 17. A. Potential for obtaining metals from the deep sea. B. Profits from renewable energy found at sea. C. The exploration of biodiversity in the sea. D. The impact of plastic pollution on oceans. 18. A. It does mining experiments in the deep sea. B. It owns and controls all deep-sea resources. C. It issues deep-sea mining permissions. D. It opposes deep-sea mining for lack of funding. 19. A. 29. B. 2027. C. 38. D. 1989. 20. A. Arguments over deep-sea ownership. B. The possible harm to deep-sea ecosystems. C. The function of the electronics may be influenced. D. Insufficient methods for deep-sea mining. 【答案】 1-5 ABAAA 6-10 CAAAD 11-13 ACA 14-16 DAB 17-20 ACAB 【听力原文】 Section A Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, you will have seven seconds to decide which choice is the best answer to the question you have heard. Now you have 100 seconds to read all the choices on the screen. 1. W: Sir, may I help you? M: Yes, did the cleaning staff find a wallet in the room that I just checked out of? Q: What is the man looking for? 2. M: Please get me a beer, a cold one. You know, I never drink beer without ice. W: But it is winter now. Don't you think that's bad for your stomach? Q: What does the woman think of the man's preference for iced beer? 3. W: Is James playing the piano in this video? M: No, James is out of town for a concert. The two players show remarkably similar playing styles and even look a bit like each other. Q: What can we learn from the conversation? 4. W: Where did you put the keys to the storage room? I need to get some supplies. M: I left them on the desk in the office, right next to the computer. Q: Where can the woman find the keys? 5. W: Is Linda attending the workshop today? M: No, she had a family emergency and had to leave. But her assistant will be here, and he can totally represent her and is quite approachable. Q: What does the man mean? 6. M: I'm having trouble drawing the model's right arm. W: To get the perspective you want, you need to use another skill. Here, give me your pencil. Q: What will the woman most probably do next? 7. W: Professor, a few of us at the back didn't get a copy of your reading assignment. M: Well, I didn't expect there to be so many students as there' re no more than 38names on my class list. And I didn't bring any spare copies. Q: What can be learned from the conversation? 8. M: How silly of me! I messed all of your white table cloth! W: No worries. It' ll come right out with soap and water. Q: What does the woman mean? 9. M: I still haven't decided on the wedding ceremony gift for my wife. Flowers are out of date and she loves gold earrings but these things are expensive. W: Come on. It isn't an occasion when you should think too much about the price. Q: What does the woman think the man should do? 10. M: Someone said that there was a documentary on television last night about eagles. I wish I'd seen it, since that's what we are studying in my biology class. W: I'm sorry. If I had known you were interested in that sort of things, I would' ve told you. Q: What does the woman imply? Section B Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation,and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, you will have seven seconds to decide which choice would be the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage. Now you have 30 seconds to read all the choices on the screen. Orson Welles was an American actor, radio broadcaster, screenwriter, film and theatre director, magician and film producer. He spent his childhood in Chicago, but at the age of 15, he left his home and travelled around Ireland, walking and painting. He was a talented artist. When he reached Dublin, the capital of Ireland, he walked into the Gate Theatre and claimed to be a star of the American stage. We can't tell whether or not the manager of the theatre believed the story, but he did give Welles a starring role in a new play. Welles was a hit with both the public and the critics. After returning to the USA, he worked on a series of books called The Mercury Shakespeare, which were bestsellers for decades. But he achieved worldwide fame in 1938with his radio broadcasting of the famous science fiction story, The War of the Worlds.The programme was in the style of a news report, and thousands of listeners panicked,believing that creatures from Mars really had conquered the Earth. At the age of 26, Welles wrote, directed, produced and starred in a film namedCitızen Kane, which many film critics consider to be the greatest film ever made. His acting was powerful and convincing. In one scene, his character became so angry that he destroyed a room with his bare hands. After this scene, Welles apparently walked off the set with blood on his hands, saying to himself“I felt it. I felt it.” (Now listen again.) Questions 11. What did Orson Welles do in Ireland? 12. How did Orson Welles perform in the film of Citizen Kane? 13. What's the main idea of the passage? Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage. Now you have 30 seconds to read all the choices on the screen. Before reading Watching the English by Kate Fox, I had never really thought about how English appeared to other cultures. Despite feeling a little defensive at times, I was genuinely laughing out loud as I read this highly entertaining book. It talks about the hidden social rules that confuse foreign visitors. For example, how we behave on public transport. It's OK to ask questions like“Is this train going to Victoria?”—— but otherwise,starting conversations with strangers on trains is simply not socially acceptable! In fact it's absolutely normal for the English to spend years travelling on the same train together without exchanging a single word. Despite this, people standing at a bus stop will often feel a need to break an uncomfortable silence by talking about the weather, but here again potential embarrassment waits for the unsuspecting visitor!“Weather-speak” usually starts with a question which invites the other person into a conversation:“Rather cold, isn't it?” But the hidden rule here is we have to agree. Disagreeing could cause impoliteness and the conversation would probably come to a sudden end. The only way of stating our true feelings is first to agree——“Yes, it is, isn't it?”—— and then we can add a personal comment———“but I quite like this kind of weather”. (Now listen again.) Questions 14. What do the English people usually do on trains? 15. Which is most likely to be a proper response to“weather-talk”? 16. What's mainly talked about in the passage? Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation. Now you have 40 seconds to read all the choices on the screen. W: Have you heard about the idea of mining the deep sea? M: Yeah, I read that a robot might be used to mine metals from the ocean floor. Sounds amazing! W: It really does. They plan to obtain from there some rare earth metals, which are crucial for making electronics like phones and batteries. M: I saw that no country owns the deep sea, so the International Seabed Authority is in charge of giving mining permissions. That's interesting. W: True. They've already given 29 organizations the green light to explore and plan for mining. Some might start as early as 2027. M: But isn't there a risk to deep-sea ecosystems? I remember reading about a test in 1989where they disturbed the seafloor, and it still hasn't fully recovered. W: Absolutely. Some studies suggest deep-sea biodiversity is irreplaceable—— many species there haven't even been discovered yet. Disturbing the mud and rocks can harm marine life for a long time. Scientists are worried about the potential long-lasting damage. M: It's a tough call because we do need those metals for new technologies, especially for renewable energy sources. But should we risk harming the deep sea? (Now listen again.) Questions 17. What are the two speakers mainly talking about? 18. What can be learned about the International Seabed Authority? 19. How many organizations have been entitled to mining in the deep sea? 20. What concern is raised about deep-sea mining? II.Grammar and Vocabulary （每题1分；共20分） Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. A team of engineers at Harvard University has been inspired by Nature to create the first robotic fly. The mechanical fly has become a platform for a series of new high- tech integrated systems. Designed to do what a fly does naturally, the tiny machine is the size of a fat housefly. Its mini wings allow it to stay in the air and perform 21 (control) flight tasks. “It’s extremely important for us to think about this 22 a whole system and not just the sum of a bunch of individual components,” said Robert Wood, the Harvard engineering professor who has been working on the robotic fly project for over a decade. A few years ago, his team got the go-ahead 23 (start) piecing together the components. “The added difficulty with a project like this is that actually 24 of those components are off the shelf and so we have to develop them all on our own,” he said. They engineered a series of systems to start and drive the robotic fly. “The seemingly simple system which just moves the wings has a number of interdependencies on the individual components, each of 25 individually has to perform well, but then has to be matched well to everything it’s 26 (connect) to,” said Wood. The flight device was built into a set of power, computation, sensing and control systems. Wood says the success of the project proves that the flying robot with these tiny components 27 be built and manufactured. 28 this first robotic flyer is linked to a small, off- board power source, the goal is eventually to equip it with a built- in power source, so that it might someday perform data- 29 (gather) work at rescue sites, in farmers’ fields or on the battlefield. “Basically it should be able to take off, land and fly around,” he said. Wood says the design offers a new way to study flight mechanics and control at insect- scale. Yet, the power, sensing and computation technologies on board could have much broader applications. “You can start thinking about using them to answer open scientific questions, you know, to study biology in ways that would be difficult with the animals, but using these robots instead,” he said. “So there are a lot of technologies and open interesting scientific questions that are really 30 drives us on a day- to- day basis.” 【答案】 21．controlled 22．as 23．to start 24．none 25．which 26．connected 27．can 28．Although/Though/While 29．gathering 30．what 【导语】本文为说明文。文章介绍了哈佛大学团队创造了第一只机器人苍蝇。机械苍蝇已成为一系列新的高科技集成系统的平台，它可以做自然界自然苍蝇做的事情，还可以在空中并执行飞行任务。但最终目标是为它配备内置电源，以便它有朝一日可以在救援地点、农田或战场上进行数据收集工作。 21．考查形容词。句意：它的迷你翅膀使它能够停留在空中并执行控制飞行任务。修饰名词tasks应用形容词controlled，表示“控制的”，故填controlled。 22．考查介词。句意：哈佛大学工程学教授罗伯特·伍德说：“对我们来说，将其视为一个整体系统，而不仅仅是一堆单独组件的总和，这一点非常重要。”伍德从事机器人苍蝇项目已有十多年了。表示“把某物作为一个整体来考虑”应用think about sth. as a whole。故填as。 23．考查非谓语动词。句意：几年前，他的团队获得了开始拼凑组件的许可。此处修饰名词go-ahead应用不定式作后置定语。故填to start。 24．考查代词。句意：他说：“这样一个项目的额外困难是，实际上这些组件都不是现成的，所以我们必须自己开发它们。”表示“都不是……”短语为none of。故填none。 25．考查定语从句。句意：伍德说：“这个看似简单的系统只是移动翅膀，但它与各个部件之间有很多相互依赖的关系，每个部件都必须表现良好，而且还必须与它所连接的所有部件相匹配。”此处为介词+关系代词结构非限制性定语从句修饰先行词interdependencies，作介词的宾语，指物，应用关系代词which。故填which。 26．考查固定短语。句意：伍德说：“这个看似简单的系统只是移动翅膀，但它与各个部件之间有很多相互依赖的关系，每个部件都必须表现良好，而且还必须与它所连接的所有部件相匹配。”表示“与……相连接”短语为be connected to，故填connected。 27．考查情态动词。句意：伍德说，这个项目的成功证明，带有这些微小部件的飞行机器人是可以建造和制造的。be为动词原形，表示“可以”应用情态动词can。故填can。 28．考查状语从句。句意：虽然第一个飞行机器人与一个小型的机载电源相连，但最终的目标是为它配备一个内置的电源，这样它就可以在某一天在救援地点、农民的田地或战场上执行数据收集工作。引导让步状语从句，表示“虽然”可用although、though或while，首字母大写。故填Although/Though/While。 29．考查非谓语动词。句意：虽然第一个飞行机器人与一个小型的机载电源相连，但最终的目标是为它配备一个内置的电源，这样它就可以在某一天在救援地点、农民的田地或战场上执行数据收集工作。此处表示“数据收集”应用data-gathering作定语修饰名词work。故填gathering。 30．考查表语从句。句意：“所以有很多技术和开放的有趣的科学问题，真正推动我们在日常的基础上。”引导表语从句，从句缺少主语，指代事物，应用what。故填what。 Section B Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. day-trippers        B．enthusiasts      C．exploring       D．first-tier      E. guided F. inclusive       G. interacting     H. potential    I. rhyme       J. tailored     K. trending Gather together a couple of good friends and take a leisurely walk through the streets—this is what many youngsters in China enjoy doing when they visit a new city. Citywalk can be a(n) 31 trip tailor-made for a small group of people organized by a travel agency, or simply a leisurely walk for once or two to explore new areas, sticking to the key point: avoiding famous scenic spots and big crowds to gain a more 32 experience of the places you visit. That is to say, you are given the freedom to explore endless possibilities. Hashtags (话题标签) and keywords for Citywalk are currently 33 across multiple Chinese social media platforms, as more and more people look to share their experiences and thoughts online. In China, the Citywalk trend is spreading from 34 cities like Beijing and Shanghai to second and third-tier cities, encouraging more participants and event organizers to get involved. Some organizers invite folk culture 35 to act as tour guides. Xiao Yiyi is a young entrepreneur (创业者) based in Changsha 36 new possibilities in the tourism sector. Recently she launched six Citywalk routes in different cities on her social media account, with the aim of providing experiences for visitors to walk in “open-air museums”, an approach for young people to 37 with a city. Xiao Yiyi said her events usually last around half a day. Beijing and Shandong have included Citywalk in their plans to promote cultural tourism and leisure tours. Shanghai has established Citywalk routes using public bus routes to help 38 reach more remote districts by public transport and continue on foot. Even though Citywalk is a relatively new phenomenon, industry insiders say that its 39 is huge. Many tour guides also try to expand their influence online, sharing their experiences to attract potential customers. Citywalk is offerıng a positive change to urban travelers as they can better choose the experiences that correspond with their interests and needs. At the same time, Citywalk represents an opportunity for tour guides to offer a more 40 , professional service to meet with ever-changing market demands. 【答案】 31．E 32．F 33．K 34．D 35．B 36．C 37．G 38．A 39．H 40．J 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了年轻人探索城市的旅游新趋势——城市漫步。 31．考查形容词。句意：Citywalk可以是由旅行社组织的为一小群人量身定制的有导游的旅行，也可以是一到两个人的悠闲散步，探索新地区，坚持要点：避开著名景点和拥挤的人群，以获得更全面的体验。Citywalk可以是由旅行社为少数人定制的旅行，这种旅行通常是有导游的，所以应该选择guided这个词，表示“有导游的”，作前置定语，修饰名词trip。故选E。 32．考查形容词。句意：Citywalk可以是由旅行社组织的为一小群人量身定制的有导游的旅行，也可以是一到两个人的悠闲散步，探索新地区，坚持要点：避开著名景点和拥挤的人群，以获得更全面的体验。结合上文提到的避免著名景点和人群，目的是为了获得更范围广泛的游览体验。用形容词inclusive“包容广阔的，范围广泛的”，作前置定语，修饰名词experience。故选F。 33．考查动词时态。句意：随着越来越多的人希望在网上分享他们的经历和想法，Citywalk的标签和关键词目前在多个中国社交媒体平台上流行起来。这里描述的是城市漫步在社交媒体上的流行趋势，因此用动词trend“倾向，趋势”的ing形式，与空前的are构成现在进行时。故选K。 34．考查形容词。句意：在中国，城市漫步的趋势正从北京和上海等一线城市蔓延到二三线城市，鼓励更多参与者和活动组织者参与进来。这里指的是像北京、上海这样的大城市，因此用first-tier“一线的，顶尖的”，作前置定语，修饰名词cities。故选D。 35．考查名词。句意：一些组织者邀请民俗文化爱好者充当导游。这里需要一个名词来指代对民俗文化有热情的人，因此用enthusiast“爱好者”的复数形式enthusiasts，作invite的宾语。故选B。 36．考查非谓语动词。句意：肖伊伊是长沙的一位年轻企业家，正在旅游业中探索新的可能性。根据后文的new possibilities可知，这里描述的是肖伊伊正在做的动作，即探索新机会，且is为本句系动词，本空用非谓语动词，因此用explore“探索”的现在分词，作状语。故选C。 37．考查非谓语动词。句意：最近，她在自己的社交媒体账户上推出了六条不同城市的Citywalk路线，旨在为游客提供在“露天博物馆”中行走的体验，这是年轻人与城市互动的一种方式。an approach to doing sth.“做某事的方法”，to为介词。这里指的是年轻人通过这种方式与城市互动，且空前的to为介词，用interact“互动”的动名词interacting。故选G。 38．考查名词。句意：上海已经利用公交线路设立了城市漫步路线，帮助一日游游客通过公共交通工具到达更偏远的地区，然后继续步行。这里需要一个名词指代参与城市漫步活动的人，因此用day-tripper“一日游游客”的复数形式，作help的宾语。故选A。 39．考查名词。句意：尽管城市漫步是一个相对较新的现象，但业内内部人士表示，其潜力巨大。这里讨论的是城市漫步未来的发展空间，其潜力巨大，因此用名词potential“潜力”，作that引导的宾语从句的主语。故选H。 40．考查形容词。句意：与此同时，Citywalk也为导游提供了一个机会，让他们能够提供更专门的、更专业的服务，以满足不断变化的市场需求。结合上下文，这里描述的是导游服务的特点，与“专业服务”并列，并符合上下文对个性化体验的强调，用形容词tailored“专门的，订做的”，作前置定语，修饰名词service。故选J。 III.Reading Comprehension (共45分。 41-45每题1分；56-70每题2分) Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A. B.C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context Whether it is to bring bad news to your boss, or to face an interview panel, corporate life throws up distressing moments. But few things are worse than 41 if you are an introvert. You arrive at an event to find everyone knowing each other already. But then you look more closely and spot the 42 . They are the people who pretend to be reading the conference agenda, or checking mail box with greater 43 than ever happens at the office. Fortunately, there is advice on how to break the ice. First, make 44 in queues, because it is easier to talk to the person in front of you and behind you. Alternatively, don’t be afraid to laugh, because nothing 45 the tension from room like laughter. Additionally, take notes on conversations to appear truly 46 . However, it’s not that easy to apply these tricks to real-life situations. But don’t worry, here’s another good news: building bonds on LinkedIn, an employment-focused site, is a lot less 47 . There is no eye contact, 48 , and the rules are well-accepted. A paper found that, because they bring you novel information, more 49 relationships are more useful than close contacts. The experiment showed that weaker ties were more likely to 50 job applications and job moves than stronger ties. This sounds like a relief for introverts, but let’s face it: even weak ties need tending. Even online, extroversion invariably 51 higher social acceptability. There isn’t a genuinely painless 52 for introverts’ expending the social circle. Still, there is one thing that you can do: to save your energy for the people who most likely interests you. According to Dr. Rajkumar, it’s not always the thing that the weaker the tie, the better. The sweet spot in expanding connection is someone with 53 weak ties to you. In other words, it 54 if you can identify people who can bring you new information but are close enough to your world that this information is useful. In the offline world, a tool like ChatGPT should make it easier to find useful prospects in a list of event attendees. Still, you need to overcome all your 55 as introverts and approach them. 41．A．lying B．performing C．networking D．negotiating 42．A．fellow sufferers B．companion seekers C．mindless wanderers D．natural speakers 43．A．disgust B．relief C．intensity D．emotion 44．A．jokes B．contact C．comments D．judgment 45．A．heightens B．drains C．sustains D．builds 46．A．confused B．embarrassed C．fulfilled D．engaged 47．A．desirable B．stressful C．helpful D．hopeful 48．A．after all B．in turn C．by far D．in response 49．A．solid B．complicated C．unusual D．infrequent 50．A．make for B．make off C．make out D．make up 51．A．predicts B．chops C．boasts D．underlines 52．A．recovery B．recipe C．status D．decision 53．A．objectively B．moderately C．prospectively D．initially 54．A．follows suit B．holds true C．pays off D．takes pain 55．A．instincts B．conflicts C．shortcomings D．bias 【答案】 41．C 42．A 43．C 44．B 45．B 46．D 47．B 48．A 49．D 50．A 51．A 52．B 53．B 54．C 55．A 【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了内向者在职场和社交场合中面临的挑战，以及如何扩大社交圈的一些建议。 41．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但如果你是一个内向的人，没有什么比社交更糟糕的了。A. lying 撒谎；B. performing 表现；C. networking 社交；D. negotiating 谈判。根据后文“if you are an introvert.”可知，对于内向的人来说，社交是最让他们最害怕的事。故选C项。 42．考查名词短语辨析。句意：但当你更仔细地观察时，你会发现那些同病相怜的人。A. fellow sufferers 同病相怜者；B. companion seekers 寻求伴侣者；C. mindless wanderers 漫无目的游荡者；D. natural speakers 天生演说家。根据后文“They are the people who pretend to be reading the conference agenda, or checking mail box with greater 　　 than ever happens at the office.”可知，此处说的人，都是内向的人在假装，所以是发现那些同病相怜的人。故选A项。 43．考查名词短语辨析。句意：他们假装在看会议议程，或者比在办公室里更认真地查看邮箱。A. disgust 厌恶；B. relief 解脱；C. intensity 强烈；D. emotion 情感。根据后文“than ever happens at the office”结合选项可知，此处应是“比在办公室里更认真地查看邮箱”之意，符合语境。故选C项。 44．考查名词短语辨析。句意：首先，在排队的时候联系，因为这样更容易和你前面和后面的人交谈。A. jokes 玩笑；B. contact 联系；C. comments 评论；D. judgment 判断。根据后文“because it is easier to talk to the person in front of you and behind you.”可知，是和你前面和后面的人交谈，所以是在排队的时候联系。故选B项。 45．考查动词词义辨析。句意：或者，不要害怕笑，因为没有什么比笑更能消除房间里的紧张气氛了。A. heightens 提高；B. drains 耗尽；C. sustains 维持；D. builds 建立。根据后文“the tension from room like laughter.”可知，笑应该是能消除房间里的紧张气氛。故选B项。 46．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：此外，在谈话中做笔记，让自己显得真正投入。A. confused 困惑的；B. embarrassed 尴尬的；C. fulfilled 充实的；D. engaged 专注的。根据前文“take notes on conversations”可知，在谈话中做笔记，会显得更加专注。故选D项。 47．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：不过别担心，这里还有另一个好消息：在以就业为重点的LinkedIn网站上建立联系，压力要小得多。A. desirable 令人向往的；B. stressful 有压力的；C. helpful 有帮助的；D. hopeful 有希望的。根据后文“There is no eye contact, 　　, and the rules are well-accepted.”可知，没有眼神交流，规则都是大家认可的，所以是更小的压力。故选B项。 48．考查介词短语辨析。句意：毕竟，没有眼神交流，而且规则也被大家所接受。A. after all 毕竟；B. in turn 依次；C. by far …...得多；D. in response 作为回应。根据本句句意，此处是在对上文进行解释，所以应是“after all毕竟”符合语境。故选A项。 49．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一篇论文发现，因为它们能给你带来新奇的信息，不频繁的关系比亲密接触更有用。A. solid 坚实的；B. complicated 复杂的；C. unusual 不寻常的；D. infrequent 不常见的。根据后文“than close contacts”可知，此处是在和亲密接触作比较，所以应是“不频繁的关系”符合语境。故选D项。 50．考查动词短语辨析。句意：实验表明，较弱的关系比较强的关系更容易获得工作申请和工作调动。A. make for 有利于；B. make off 逃走；C. make out 辨认出；D. make up 组成。根据上文“more 　　　 relationships are more useful than close contacts.”可知，较弱的关系比较强的关系更有用，也就是更容易获得工作申请和工作调动。故选A项。 51．考查动词词义辨析。句意：即使在网上，外向总是预示着更高的社会接受度。A. predicts 预示；B. chops 切碎；C. boasts 夸耀；D. underlines 强调。根据常识可知，外向总是预示着更高的社会接受度。故选A项。 52．考查名词短语辨析。句意：对于内向的人来说，拓展社交圈并没有什么不痛苦的方法。A. recovery 恢复；B. recipe 方法；C. status 状态；D. decision 决定。根据后文“introverts’ expending the social circle.”可知，对于内向的人来说，拓展社交圈并没有什么不痛苦的方法。故选B项。 53．考查副词词义辨析。句意：在扩大人际联系方面，最佳人选是那些与你有着适度薄弱联系的人。A. objectively 客观地；B. moderately 适度地；C. prospectively 预期地；D. initially 最初。根据前文“According to Dr. Rajkumar, it’s not always the thing that the weaker the tie, the better.”可知，并不总是关系越弱越好，所以应是最佳人选是那些与你有着适度薄弱联系的人。故选B项。 54．考查动词短语辨析。句意：换句话说，如果你能找到那些能给你带来新信息的人，而且他们离你的世界足够近，这些信息是有用的，那么你就会得到回报。A. follows suit 效仿；B. holds true 适用；C. pays off 得到回报；D. takes pain 费力。根据后文“if you can identify people who can bring you new information but are close enough to your world that this information is useful.”可知，有用的信息自然会带来回报。故选C项。 55．考查名词短语辨析。句意：不过，作为内向者，你需要克服所有的本能，接近他们。A. instincts 本能；B. conflicts 冲突；C. shortcomings 缺点；D. bias 偏见。根据后文“as introverts and approach them”可知，作为内向者，要接近他人，需要克服自己的本能不喜交流的心态。故选A项。 Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) The turning point of my life was my decision to give up a promising business career and study music. My parents, although sympathetic, and sharing my love of music, disapproved of it as a profession. This was understandable in view of the family background. My grandfather had taught music for nearly forty years. Though much respected in the community, he earned barely enough to provide for his large family. As a consequence of this example in the family, the very mention of music as a profession carried with it a picture of a risky existence with uncertain financial rewards. My parents insisted on college instead of a conservatory of music, and to college I went quite happily, as I remember, for although I loved my violin and spent most of my spare time practicing, I had many other interests. Before my graduation, the family met with severe financial reverses and I felt it my duty to leave college and take a job. Thus I launched upon a business career — which I always think of as the wasted years. Now I do not for a moment mean to disparage (贬低) business. My whole point is that it was not for me. I went into it for money, and aside from the satisfaction of being able to help the family, money is all I got out of it. It was not enough. From being merely discontented I became miserable. I continued to make money, and finally, bit by bit, accumulated enough to enable me to go abroad to study music. The family being once more solvent (有偿付能力), and my help no longer necessary. I resigned from my position and, feeling like a man release from jail, sailed for the world of music. I stayed in Europe for four years and enjoyed every minute of it. “Enjoyed” is too mild a word. I walked on air. I really lived. I was a free man and I was doing what I loved to do and what I was meant to do. If I had stayed in business, I might be a comparatively wealthy man today, but I do not believe I would have made a success of living. I would have given up all those inner satisfactions that money can never buy. 56．Which of the following statements about the writer’s parents is TRUE? A．They had no passion for music at all. B．Both of them used to be the music teachers. C．They felt sorry for not supporting the writer. D．They insisted sending the writer to a music school. 57．The reason why the writer started a business career is that his family met with_____. A．a financial problem B．a separation of the members C．a natural disaster D．a disagreement in opinion 58．Which of the following is NOT a reason for the writer to give up the business career? A．He could gain no inner satisfaction except the financial benefits. B．The money he earned was far from enough to support his dream. C．His family recovered from the financial reverse years later. D．He had earned sufficient wealth to go broad for further study. 59．Which of the following can be the best title for the passage? A．My Criticism on Business B．Life in a Violin Case C．The Essence of Money D．Freedom from Struggle 【答案】56．C 57．A 58．B 59．B 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者一直希望学习音乐，但是由于家中的财务情况没能实现，后来作者攒够了钱终于到欧洲区学习音乐，实现了自己的理想，作者通过这篇文章告诉我们要跟随自己内心的声音。 56．细节理解题。根据第一段中“My parents, although sympathetic, and sharing my love of music, disapproved of it as a profession. This was understandable in view of the family background.(我的父母虽然同情我，也和我一样热爱音乐，但他们不赞成把音乐作为一种职业。考虑到他的家庭背景，这是可以理解的)”可知，父母对于不能帮助作者实现梦想是感到遗憾的。故选C项。 57．细节理解题。根据第二段“Before my graduation, the family met with severe financial reverses and I felt it my duty to leave college and take a job. Thus I launched upon a business career — which I always think of as the wasted years.(在我毕业之前，家里遇到了严重的经济困难，我觉得我有责任离开大学找一份工作。于是，我开始了自己的商业生涯——我一直认为这是虚度的岁月)”可知，作者开始经商的原因是他的家庭遇到了严重的财务危机。故选A项。 58．细节理解题。根据第三段中“The family being once more solvent(有偿付能力), and my help no longer necessary.( 家里又有了偿还能力，不再需要我的帮助了)”可知，作者后来挣的钱完全足够来实现自己的梦想和帮助家人生活的更好，所以B项a separation of the members(成员的分离)不是他放弃经商而从事音乐的原因，其他三项文中都提到了。故选B项。 59．主旨大意题。根据文章大意以及第一段中“The turning point of my life was my decision to give up a promising business career and study music.(我人生的转折点是我决定放弃有前途的商业生涯而学习音乐)”和“My parents insisted on college instead of a conservatory of music, and to college I went — quite happily, as I remember, for although I loved my violin and spent most of my spare time practicing, I had many other interests.(我的父母坚持要我上大学，而不是上音乐学院。我上了大学——我记得我很高兴，因为尽管我喜欢小提琴，大部分业余时间都在练习，但我还有许多其他的兴趣)”可知，文章主要讲的是作者一直希望学习音乐，但是由于家中的财务情况没能实现，后来作者攒够了钱终于到欧洲区学习音乐，实现了自己的理想，作者通过这篇文章告诉我们要跟随自己内心的声音。由此说明自己对音乐特别是小提琴的爱是从来没改变的。由此可知，B项Life in a Violin Case.“小提琴盒里的生活”适合作本文最佳标题。故选B项。 (B) Outdoor Recreation Get outdoors with us this summer and experience the excitement and peace within our unique programs. Research suggests that being physically active within green spaces helps reduce stress, anxiety and anger, and improves moods and overall health and wellbeing. Our Department combines experiential activities for your enjoyment. All fitness levels are welcome; we can accommodate most accessible needs. Please contact Laurie Wright at wright@utsc.utoronto.ca with any questions. Trips are offered to registered U of T students first and then if there is space to staff, non-registered students and guests of the participants. Register at recreg.utoronto.ca or in person at the TPASC Registration Desk. Please check our website for all updated trip dates, prices, registration details and more! Refunds are only available up to 5 business days prior to the trip. Upcoming Adventures TBD: Treetop Trekking and Mountain Biking Participants will travel by bus up to the Horseshoe Valley Resort. You may choose between a 3-hour Treetop Trekking adventure or 2 hours of x-country mountain biking through the region’s forest trails. Treetop Trekking involves zip-lining (moving quickly with the rider suspended from a cable) and climbing through obstacle courses in a peaceful forest setting. Both adventures will be instructor-led and all equipment will be provided. No experience necessary. Beginner to advanced courses will be available. Tuesday, June 13th : Outdoor Rock Climbing or Hiking Trails A bus will transport students to Milton to either hike the area or rock climb. The rock climbing will take place at Rattlesnake Point and there is an opportunity for students to challenge themselves by climbing up to 80ft on some of the best rocks in Southern Ontario. All instructors are fully certified and all equipment will be provided. A custom course will be set up to meet the needs of climbers. The hike will take place through some of the Bruce Peninsula trails and Halton Parks. Participants will have over 20kms of trails to choose from. You may hike with a group or follow the map trails with some friends. Friday, June 30th (indefinite date): Warsaw Caves The Warsaw Caves Conservation Area and Campground takes its name from a series of seven caves found in the park. Join us as we explore the multiple courses through the caves have a picnic lunch. Come enjoy this natural underground jungle gym. 60．John, a U of T teaching staff member, would like to take part in some of these programs, what problem may he encounter? A．He can’t get his fees for a Tuesday trip back if he cancels it the previous Monday. B．These outdoor adventures will exhaust him and leave him in low spirits. C．There may be no space for him because registered students enjoy priority. D．The program that explores the Warsaw Caves underground is sure to change its date. 61．All of the following are activities mentioned in the passage ЕХСЕРТ___________. A．bird watching B．zip-lining C．hiking D．cave exploring 62．Which of the following statements is true according to this passage? A．Money can be refunded within five business days after the trip starts. B．Adventurers should have some basic trekking and biking skills. C．Students must bring some climbing equipment required by the programs. D．The name Warsaw Caves originated from the seven caves found in the park. 【答案】60．C 61．A 62．D 【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了一些户外探险活动。 60．细节理解题。根据Outdoor Recreation部分的“Trips are offered to registered U of T students first and then if there is space to staff, non-registered students and guests of the participants.（旅游首先提供给注册的多伦多大学学生，如果有空间的话，工作人员、未注册的学生和参与者的客人也可以参加。）”可知，John可能会遇到的问题是没有名额，因为注册学生享有优先权。故选C。 61．细节理解题。根据“Treetop Trekking involves zip-lining (moving quickly with the rider suspended from a cable) and climbing through obstacle courses in a peaceful forest setting.(树梢徒步旅行包括滑索（骑手悬挂在绳索上快速移动）和在宁静的森林环境中穿越障碍课程。)”可知，提到了滑索(zip-lining)；根据“Tuesday, June 13th : Outdoor Rock Climbing or Hiking Trails(6 月 13 日，星期二：户外攀岩或徒步旅行)”可知，提到了徒步旅行(hiking)；根据“Friday, June 30th (indefinite date): Warsaw Caves(6月30日，星期五（无限期）：华沙洞穴)”可知，提到了洞穴探险(cave exploring)。A 选项“bird watching(观鸟活动)”未提及，故选A。 62．细节理解题。根据“Outdoor Recreation(户外娱乐)”部分的“Refunds are only available up to 5 business days prior to the trip.(退款只能在旅行开始前的 5 个工作日内进行。)”可知，A 选项“Money can be refunded within five business days after the trip starts(旅行开始后五个工作日内可以退款)”表达错误；根据“TBD: Treetop Trekking and Mountain Biking”部分的“Treetop Trekking involves zip-lining (moving quickly with the rider suspended from a cable) and climbing through obstacle courses in a peaceful forest setting.(树梢徒步旅行包括滑索（骑手悬挂在绳索上快速移动）和在宁静的森林环境中穿越障碍课程。)”以及“Tuesday, June 13th : Outdoor Rock Climbing or Hiking Trails(6 月 13 日，星期二：户外攀岩或徒步旅行)”可知，B 选项“Adventurers should have some basic trekking and biking skills(冒险者应该具备一些基本的徒步和骑行技能)”表达错误；根据“Tuesday, June 13th : Outdoor Rock Climbing or Hiking Trails”部分的“All instructors are fully certified and all equipment will be provided.(所有教练都经过全面认证，所有设备将提供。)”可知，C选项“Students must bring some climbing equipment required by the programs(学生必须携带项目所需的一些攀岩设备)”表达错误；根据最后一段“The Warsaw Caves Conservation Area and Campground takes its name from a series of seven caves found in the park.(华沙洞穴保护区和露营地得名于公园内发现的一系列七个洞穴。)”可知，D 选项“The name Warsaw Caves originated from the seven caves found in the park(华沙洞穴的名字来源于公园里发现的七个洞穴)”正确。故选 D。 (C) “Holiday” or “vacation,” “my friend’s cat” or “the cat of my friend” — in our language, there are different ways of expressing the same things and concepts. But can these choices affect our inclination to cooperate with certain individuals? A research team led by Theresa Matzinger from the University of Vienna investigated this and found that people are more likely to team up with those who use similar linguistic (语言的) expressions in a conversation. In an experiment, 100 English-speaking study participants each described pictures for two conversation partners. The pictures showed situations that the participants could describe using two different grammatical constructions that meant the same thing, such as “John gives Mary the book” or “John gives the book to Mary.” Next, the participants’ roles were switched and they received picture descriptions of their partners. Finally, when they had to decide whom they wanted to cooperate with for a subsequent game, most participants chose people who spoke similarly and used the same grammatical construction. In a follow-up experiment with the same participants, researchers tried to get a better sense of this phenomenon. They questioned whether it was due to recognizing similar speakers as part of their social group, which enhanced cooperation, or because similar speech indicated a willingness to adjust one’s behavior to fit with others. This time, participants had to name pictures using the grammatical construction that sounded less natural to them. When choosing cooperation partners afterward, they favored those who matched their natural language use over those who resembled (相似) the language they used in the experiment. This suggests that a sense of belonging to the same social group, based on natural linguistic expression, is the more decisive factor in choosing cooperation partners. “Our study shows that even small linguistic differences can affect the way we recognize and respond to others,” Matzinger summarizes. The researchers hope to use the results to better understand how cooperative decisions are made within linguistically diverse groups and help reduce prejudices against people who speak differently. 63．What does the underlined word “inclination” in Paragraph 1 mean? A．technique B．preference C．performance D．responsibility 64．What can be learned about the first experiment? A．It allows the use of multiple languages. B．It provides pictures with open interpretations. C．It evaluates participants on their grammar use. D．It involves taking turns with picture descriptions. 65．What does similar language use indicate concerning partners? A．A friendly character. B．A cooperative attitude. C．A common social identity. D．A high level of adaptability. 66．Where can the findings of the study be applied to? A．Public speeches on TV. B．Cross-cultural team building. C．Standardized academic exams. D．Human-computer conversations. 【答案】63．B 64．D 65．C 66．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是语言表达的选择如何影响人们的合作倾向。 63．词句猜测题。根据第一段“people are more likely to team up with those who use similar linguistic (语言的) expressions in a conversation(人们更有可能与那些在谈话中使用相似语言表达的人合作)”可知，人们有和某些人合作的倾向，inclination的意思是“倾向”，和preference意思相近。故选B。 64．细节理解题。根据第二段“In an experiment, 100 English-speaking study participants each described pictures for two conversation partners.(在一项实验中，100名说英语的研究参与者每人为两个对话伙伴描述图片。)”和“Next, the participants’ roles were switched and they received picture descriptions of their partners.(接下来，参与者的角色互换了，他们收到了伙伴的图片描述。)”可知，第一个实验包括轮流用图片描述。故选D。 65．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“When choosing cooperation partners afterward, they favored those who matched their natural language use over those who resembled the language they used in the experiment. This suggests that a sense of belonging to the same social group, based on natural linguistic expression, is the more decisive factor in choosing cooperation partners.(之后，在选择合作伙伴时，他们更喜欢那些与自己的自然语言使用相匹配的人，而不是那些与自己在实验中使用的语言相似的人。这表明，基于自然语言表达的对同一社会群体的归属感，是选择合作伙伴时更为决定性的因素。)”可知，相似的语言使用暗示了共同的社会身份。故选C。 66．推理判断题。根据最后一段“The researchers hope to use the results to better understand how cooperative decisions are made within linguistically diverse groups and help reduce prejudices against people who speak differently.(研究人员希望利用这些结果来更好地理解不同语言群体是如何做出合作决定的，并帮助减少对不同语言群体的偏见。)”可知，研究结果可以应用于跨文化团队建设。故选B。 Section C Directions: Complete the following passage by using the sentences in the box. Each sentence can only be used once. Note that there are two sentences more than you need. Giving Robots a Fleshy Face and a Smile If humanoid robots look a bit cold-would it help if they had fleshy faces that can smile at you? A research team in Japan has created a face mask from human skin cells and attached it to robots with a novel technique. 67 .  This outward layer, the researchers say, is both elastic and durable enough to protect robots while making them appear more human. “Human-like faces and expressions improve communication and empathy in human-robot interactions,” said Shoji Takeuchi, the study’s lead researcher. “This further makes robots more effective in health care, service and companionship roles.” Beyond expressiveness, the “skin” can self-repair and heal. 68 . The novel skin attachment method advances the newborn “biohybrid” robotics field, said Kevin Lynch, an expert on robotics and biosystems. This field integrates mechanical engineering with genetic and tissue engineering. “This study is an innovative contribution to the problem of anchoring artificial skin to the underlying material,” said Lynch.  Takeuchi’s team has been working with labmade human skin for years. In 2022, they developed a robotic finger covered in living skin. 69 . The team had tried anchoring the skin with mini-hooks, but those caused tears as the robot moved. The researchers then decided to mimic ligaments (韧带), the tiny ropes of loose tissue that connect bones. They drilled small, V-shaped holes into the robot and applied a gel，which plugged the holes and made the artificial skin attach to the robot.  “This approach integrates traditional rigid robots with soft, biological skins, making them more ‘human-like,’” said Yifan Wang, a mechanical engineer. 70 . “This could create opportunities for the robots to sense and safely interact with humans,” Wang said. The faces of the robots with artificial skin in Takeuchi’s lab are unable to sense touch or temperature change. Takeuchi said that is his next research target. “We aim to create skin that closely resembles real skin by gradually constructing essential components such as blood vessels, nerves and sweat glands,” he said. In place of the neural systems that convey sensation in a human body, a robot’s electronics would need to power a sensor signal. This development, Wang said, would require much more time and research. A．It is flexible enough to turn down into a grimace (鬼脸) or up into a smile. B．This is “an exciting area of development,” but market adoption would be complex. C．It could bend like a human finger, making it capable of performing more precise tasks. D．While protecting a robot’s complex machinery, it is soft and light enough for a wide range of uses. E．This capacity is a “critical feature” for humanoid robots as even small scratches could lead to breakdowns. F．The skin attachment also gives humanoid robots the potential for sensation, taking science one step closer to sci-fi fantasy. 【答案】67．A 68．E 69．C 70．F 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了日本的一个研究团队用人的皮肤细胞创造了一种面罩，并将其用新技术附着在机器人上，使机器人更具人性化，同时也探讨了这种技术的发展前景和面临的挑战。 67．根据上文“A research team in Japan has created a face mask from human skin cells and attached it to robots with a novel technique.(日本的一个研究团队用人的皮肤细胞创造了一种面罩，并将其用新技术附着在机器人上)” 以及下文“This outward layer, the researchers say, is both elastic and durable enough to protect robots while making them appear more human.(研究人员说，这种外层既具有弹性又足够耐用，可以保护机器人，同时使它们看起来更像人类)”可知，此处上下文在描述这种面罩特点，A项“While protecting a robot’s complex machinery, it is soft and light enough for a wide range of uses.(它有足够的灵活性，可以向下变成鬼脸或向上变成微笑。)”表达的含义符合语境，描述这种外层的特点。故选A。 68．根据上文“Beyond expressiveness, the “skin” can self-repair and heal.(除了具有表现力之外，这种“皮肤”还可以自我修复和愈合)” 以及下文 “The novel skin attachment method advances the newborn “biohybrid” robotics field.(这种新颖的皮肤附着方法推动了新生的“生物混合”机器人领域的发展)” 可知，这里说的是这种自我修复和愈合能力重要性，E项“This capacity is a ‘critical feature’ for humanoid robots as even small scratches could lead to breakdowns.(这种能力对于人形机器人来说是一个“关键特征”，因为即使是很小的划痕也可能导致故障)”表达的含义符合语境，故选E。 69．根据上文“In 2022, they developed a robotic finger covered in living skin.(2022年，他们开发了一种覆盖着活体皮肤的机器人手指)”可知上文提到了开发了一种覆盖着活体皮肤的机器人手指，可推理出下文应对这种手指的功能做进一步介绍，C项“It could bend like a human finger, making it capable of performing more precise tasks.(它可以像人类手指一样弯曲，使其能够执行更精确的任务)”表达的含义符合语境，故选C。 70．根据下文“This could create opportunities for the robots to sense and safely interact with humans.(这可能为机器人感知和安全地与人类互动创造机会)”可知下文说的是这种皮肤能为机器人感知和安全地与人类互动创造机会，可推理出上文需要填入一个说明这种技术给机器人带来感知潜力的句子，F项“The skin attachment also gives humanoid robots the potential for sensation, taking science one step closer to sci-fi fantasy.(这种皮肤附着也给人形机器人带来了感知的潜力，使科学离科幻幻想又近了一步)”符合语境，故选F。 IV.Summary Writing (共10分） Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point( s)of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. Absent-mindedness “Most events of absent-mindedness—forgetting where you left something or wondering why you just entered a room—are caused by a simple lack of attention,” says Dr. Daniel Schacter, a distinguished psychologist and memory scientist. “You’re supposed to remember something, but you haven’t encoded it deeply.” “Encoding,” Schacter explains, “is a special way of paying attention to an event that has a major impact on recalling it later.” Failure to encode properly can create annoying situations. If you put your mobile phone in a pocket of a jacket, for example, and don’t pay attention to what you did because you’re involved in a conversation, you’ll probably forget where exactly you put your mobile phone. Your memory itself isn’t failing you. Rather, you didn’t give your memory system the information it needed. As many people accept, women have slightly better memories than men, possibly because they pay more attention to their environment, and memory relies on just that. Yes, visual cues can help prevent absent-mindedness. But be sure the cue is clear and available. If you want to remember to take a medication with lunch, put the pill bottle on the kitchen table—don't leave it in the medicine chest and write yourself a note that you keep in a pocket. Lack of interest can also lead to absent-mindedness. “A man who can recite sports statistics from 30 years ago may not remember to drop a letter in the mailbox,” says Zelinski, a scientist from New York University. There are many cases in life where women can remember prices of bags of different brands while they tend to forget the specific place where they put their bags. 71.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Lack of attention or interest can result in absent-mindedness. Lack of attention refers either to not giving information to your memory system effectively for you to recall it later or to not recognizing visual cues in the environment, in which case the cue should be visual and approachable. Lack of interest causes us to forget what might otherwise be remembered. 【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍说，缺乏注意力或兴趣会导致心不在焉。缺乏注意力是指没有有效地将信息提供给你的记忆系统以便你以后回忆它，或者是没有识别环境中的视觉线索。同时，缺乏兴趣也会导致心不在焉，会使我们忘记原本可以记住的东西。 【详解】1.要点摘录 ①“Most events of absent-mindedness—forgetting where you left something or wondering why you just entered a room—are caused by a simple lack of attention,” says Dr. Daniel Schacter, a distinguished psychologist and memory scientist. ②“Encoding,” Schacter explains, “is a special way of paying attention to an event that has a major impact on recalling it later.” ③Rather, you didn’t give your memory system the information it needed. ④Yes, visual cues can help prevent absent-mindedness. ⑤Lack of interest can also lead to absent-mindedness. 2.缜密构思 将第①、⑤两个要点进行重组，将第②、③、④三个要点进行整合。 3.遣词造句 ①Lack of attention or interest can result in absent-mindedness. ②Lack of attention refers either to not giving information to your memory system effectively for you to recall it later or to not recognizing visual cues in the environment. ③Lack of interest causes us to forget what might otherwise be remembered. 【点睛】[高分句型1] Lack of attention refers either to not giving information to your memory system effectively for you to recall it later or to not recognizing visual cues in the environment, in which case the cue should be visual and approachable. 运用“in which case”引导的非限制性定语从句对原文第二段和第三段内容进行了概括。 [高分句型2] Lack of interest causes us to forget what might otherwise be remembered. 运用“what”引导的宾语从句对原文第四段内容进行了概括。 V.Translation (共15分。第1小题和第2小题,每题3分;第3题4分;第4题5分。) Directions:Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets 72．众所周知，陶渊明是中国古代一位杰出和有影响力的诗人，他写了一百三十余首诗。（acknowledge）（汉译英） 【答案】It is universally acknowledged that Tao Yuanming is an outstanding and influential poet in ancient China, who wrote more than 130 poems. 【详解】考查固定句型、定语从句和形容词。根据句意，表示“众所周知”可理解为“人们普遍认为”可译为it is universally acknowledged that句型，其中it为形式主语，that引导的主语从句作真正主语，位于句首单词，首字母需大写；表示“陶渊明是中国古代一位杰出和有影响力的诗人”为主语从句，主语“陶渊明”为Tao Yuanming，表示“是”为be动词，此处描述的是客观事实，所以使用一般现在时，所以be动词为is，表示“一位杰出和有影响力的诗人”为an outstanding and influential poet作表语，其中形容词outstanding和influential作定语修饰名词poet，表示“中国古代”为in ancient China，所以主句译为It is universally acknowledged that Tao Yuanming is an outstanding and influential poet in ancient China；表示“他写了一百三十余首诗”为关系词引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词Tao Yuanming指人，关系词替代先行词在从句中作主语，所以使用关系代词who，表示“写了”为write，作定语从句的谓语，使用过去时，所以定语从句译为who wrote more than 130 poems。故翻译为It is universally acknowledged that Tao Yuanming is an outstanding and influential poet in ancient China, who wrote more than 130 poems. 73．古代人并不知道季节变化会影响农作物的收成；相反，他们将丰收归功于祖先的庇护。(credit) (汉译英) 【答案】Ancient people did not know that seasonal changes affected/ affect farming outcomes/ harvest/ yield/ production of crops/ grains/ produce. Instead/ On the contrary/ Conversely, they credited successful harvests to the protection/ blessing of ancestors. 【详解】考查一般过去时，宾语从句，短语和名词。表示“古代人”使用名词ancient people，谓语动词的时态使用过去时，“不知道”使用did not know, 其后使用宾语从句，从句的主语“季节变化”使用seasonal changes，从句谓语动词的时态可以使用过去时表示过去的动作也可以使用一般现在时表示一种客观事实，可使用affected/ affect, 表示“农作物的收成”有多种表达，可使用farming outcomes/ harvest/ yield/ production of crops/ grains/ produce。表示“相反”使用短语instead/ on the contrary/ conversely, 表示“将......归功于”使用credit...to，表示“丰收”使用successful harvests，表示“祖先的庇护”使用the protection/ blessing of ancestors。故翻译为Ancient people did not know that seasonal changes affected/ affect farming outcomes/ harvest/ yield/ production of crops/ grains/ produce. Instead/ On the contrary/ Conversely, they credited successful harvests to the protection/ blessing of ancestors. 74．心怀对中国历史和哲学的崇敬之情，这位葡萄牙作家盼望着有朝一日能去中国看看。（look）(汉译英) 【答案】With a deep respect for Chinese history and philosophy in his heart, the Portuguese writer is looking forward to having a look at China one day. 【详解】考查短语、with的复合结构和时态。“心怀对中国历史和哲学的崇敬之情”用 “with + 名词 + 介词短语”的复合结构，在句中作状语，翻译为with a deep respect for Chinese history and philosophyin his heart；“这位葡萄牙作家”翻译为the Portuguese writer ；“盼望着做某事”用短语look forward to doing sth.；“看一看”用短语have a look；“有朝一日”用短语one day；陈述正在发生的事情，用现在进行时。故翻译为With a deep respect for Chinese history and philosophy in his heart, the Portuguese writer is looking forward to having a look at China one day. 75．如今，风筝赛早已不仅仅是展示技艺、传承文化的平台，更是推动文化体育事业繁荣发展的重要契机。（more than）(汉译英) 【答案】Nowadays, kite competitions are more than just a platform for displaying skills and inheriting culture; they are also a crucial opportunity to promote the prosperity and development of cultural and sports undertakings. 【详解】考查固定短语，分句和非谓语动词。根据所给中文句子，两句是表递进关系，可用分号隔开，为两个分句，“风筝赛早已不仅仅是展示技艺、传承文化的平台”为前句，“风筝赛”作主语，译为“kite competitions”，描述客观事实，用一般现在时，“是”作谓语动词用be动词are，“不仅仅”根据题干要求，用短语“more than”，“展示技艺、传承文化的平台”用介词短语作后置定语修饰名词，译为“a platform for displaying skills and inheriting culture”，“更是推动文化体育事业繁荣发展的重要契机”为后句，可用代词they作主语，代指前句的风筝赛，谓语动词依旧用be动词are，“重要契机”为表语，译为“a crucial opportunity”，“推动文化体育事业繁荣发展”可用不定式作后置定语，译为“to promote the prosperity and development of cultural and sports undertakings”。故译为：Nowadays, kite competitions are more than just a platform for displaying skills and inheriting culture; they are also a crucial opportunity to promote the prosperity and development of cultural and sports undertakings. VI.Guided Writing (共25分) Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 假设你是明启中学高三学生李明，最近收到英国笔友Marylin的邮件。在邮件中，她提到自己对于高中毕业后是留在英国升造还是来中国留学犹豫不决，想听听你的意见。回复一封邮件，内容须包括： 1) 你的建议； 2) 你的理由。 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Dear Marylin, I’m glad to receive your email and I understand your dilemma about choosing where to pursue further studies. From my point of view, I’d suggest you taking the opportunity to study abroad, which is more rewarding in the long run. First of all, studying abroad will broaden our horizons and help us gain rich knowledge, which is hardly possible to be learned in your own country. Since you’ve always been keen on Chinese culture and customs, it’s truly a great chance for you to experience different culture. Second, not only can studying abroad help us learn different culture and knowledge from foreign countries, but also is beneficial to foster our perseverance and invisibly enhance our ability to depend on ourselves. I believe it’s wiser and more meaningful for you to come to China for further study after graduation. Yours Li Ming 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生回复邮件，向英国笔友Marylin提供建议，帮助她决定高中毕业后的留学选择，并阐述理由。 【详解】1.词汇积累 机会：opportunity → chance 收获：gain → obtain 对……感兴趣：be keen on → be interested in 增强，提升：enhance → improve 2.句式拓展 扩写句子 原句：I believe it’s wiser and more meaningful for you to come to China for further study after graduation. 拓展句：I believe it’s wiser and more meaningful for you to come to China for further study after graduation and I hope this advice will be helpful to you. 【点睛】【高分句型1】From my point of view, I’d suggest you taking the opportunity to study abroad, which is more rewarding in the long run.(运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句) 【高分句型2】Since you’ve always been keen on Chinese culture and customs, it’s truly a great chance for you to experience different culture.(运用了Since引导的原因状语从句) 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司22 / 23 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025-2026学年高二选择性必修第二册英语单元测试 Unit 4 ·提升卷 学校:___________班级：___________姓名：___________分数：___________ （考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：140分） 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 I.Listening Comprehension （第1-10题, 每题1分；第11-20题，每题1.5分；共25分） Section A Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. A. A wallet. B. A staff member. C. A piece of cleaning equipment. D. A room to stay for a night. 2. A. Beneficial. B. Unhealthy. C. Common. D. Rare. 3. A. James does not play in the video. B. James prefers to play in the town. C. James does not look like the person in the video. D. James is learning a new playing style for the concert. 4. A. On the desk in the office. B. In the storage room. C. Next to the printer. D. In the supply room. 5. A. Linda's assistant is attending the workshop on her behalf. B. Linda is as easy-going as her assistant. C. Linda usually works in an emergency room. D. Linda's assistant is planning to leave for the workshop. 6. A. Draw from a different perspective. B. Ask the model to move his arm. C. Show the man a drawing technique. D. Sharpen the man's pencil. 7. A. The man didn't have any extra copies. B. The man prepared more than 38 copies. C. A few students didn't bring their assignment. D. The students at the back were late for class. 8. A. She's not upset about what the man did. B. She would like the man to do the laundry. C. She doesn't know how to deal with the problem. D. She thinks it's silly to use white table cloth. 9. A. Buy his wife gold earrings. B. Send flowers to his wife. C. Choose a less expensive gift. D. Ask for the wife's opinion. 10. A. She usually watched documentaries at night. B. She didn't watch the documentary often. C. She didn't have time to help the man with biology. D. She knew that program was on last night. Section B Directions: In Section B, you will hear two passages and one longer conversation. After each passage or conversation, you will be asked several questions. The passages and conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage. 11. A. He starred in a new play. B. He learned from a talented artist. C. He produced a hit movie. D. He became the manager of a theatre. 12. A. His performance relied on expansive gestures. B. His acting was apparently bloody. C. He acted in a strong and persuasive way. D. He struggled to perform due to inexperience. 13. A. Orson Welles' achievements in various fields. B. How Welles became a famous magician. C. Why Citizen Kane became a success. D. Welles' learning experience and its impact. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage. 14. A. Stay away from foreign visitors. B. Ask about the time. C. Exchange ideas of the weather. D. Avoid talking with others. 15. A. One that starts with agreement. B. One that introduces a question. C. One that ensures a quick end. D. One that avoids expressing feelings. 16. A. The reasons why the English are hard to understand. B. Some hidden English social rules uncovered in a book. C. The author's initial reaction to reading the book. D. Traffic rules on public transport and at bus stops. Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation. 17. A. Potential for obtaining metals from the deep sea. B. Profits from renewable energy found at sea. C. The exploration of biodiversity in the sea. D. The impact of plastic pollution on oceans. 18. A. It does mining experiments in the deep sea. B. It owns and controls all deep-sea resources. C. It issues deep-sea mining permissions. D. It opposes deep-sea mining for lack of funding. 19. A. 29. B. 2027. C. 38. D. 1989. 20. A. Arguments over deep-sea ownership. B. The possible harm to deep-sea ecosystems. C. The function of the electronics may be influenced. D. Insufficient methods for deep-sea mining. II.Grammar and Vocabulary （每题1分；共20分） Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. A team of engineers at Harvard University has been inspired by Nature to create the first robotic fly. The mechanical fly has become a platform for a series of new high- tech integrated systems. Designed to do what a fly does naturally, the tiny machine is the size of a fat housefly. Its mini wings allow it to stay in the air and perform 21 (control) flight tasks. “It’s extremely important for us to think about this 22 a whole system and not just the sum of a bunch of individual components,” said Robert Wood, the Harvard engineering professor who has been working on the robotic fly project for over a decade. A few years ago, his team got the go-ahead 23 (start) piecing together the components. “The added difficulty with a project like this is that actually 24 of those components are off the shelf and so we have to develop them all on our own,” he said. They engineered a series of systems to start and drive the robotic fly. “The seemingly simple system which just moves the wings has a number of interdependencies on the individual components, each of 25 individually has to perform well, but then has to be matched well to everything it’s 26 (connect) to,” said Wood. The flight device was built into a set of power, computation, sensing and control systems. Wood says the success of the project proves that the flying robot with these tiny components 27 be built and manufactured. 28 this first robotic flyer is linked to a small, off- board power source, the goal is eventually to equip it with a built- in power source, so that it might someday perform data- 29 (gather) work at rescue sites, in farmers’ fields or on the battlefield. “Basically it should be able to take off, land and fly around,” he said. Wood says the design offers a new way to study flight mechanics and control at insect- scale. Yet, the power, sensing and computation technologies on board could have much broader applications. “You can start thinking about using them to answer open scientific questions, you know, to study biology in ways that would be difficult with the animals, but using these robots instead,” he said. “So there are a lot of technologies and open interesting scientific questions that are really 30 drives us on a day- to- day basis.” Section B Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. day-trippers        B．enthusiasts      C．exploring       D．first-tier      E. guided F. inclusive       G. interacting     H. potential    I. rhyme       J. tailored     K. trending Gather together a couple of good friends and take a leisurely walk through the streets—this is what many youngsters in China enjoy doing when they visit a new city. Citywalk can be a(n) 31 trip tailor-made for a small group of people organized by a travel agency, or simply a leisurely walk for once or two to explore new areas, sticking to the key point: avoiding famous scenic spots and big crowds to gain a more 32 experience of the places you visit. That is to say, you are given the freedom to explore endless possibilities. Hashtags (话题标签) and keywords for Citywalk are currently 33 across multiple Chinese social media platforms, as more and more people look to share their experiences and thoughts online. In China, the Citywalk trend is spreading from 34 cities like Beijing and Shanghai to second and third-tier cities, encouraging more participants and event organizers to get involved. Some organizers invite folk culture 35 to act as tour guides. Xiao Yiyi is a young entrepreneur (创业者) based in Changsha 36 new possibilities in the tourism sector. Recently she launched six Citywalk routes in different cities on her social media account, with the aim of providing experiences for visitors to walk in “open-air museums”, an approach for young people to 37 with a city. Xiao Yiyi said her events usually last around half a day. Beijing and Shandong have included Citywalk in their plans to promote cultural tourism and leisure tours. Shanghai has established Citywalk routes using public bus routes to help 38 reach more remote districts by public transport and continue on foot. Even though Citywalk is a relatively new phenomenon, industry insiders say that its 39 is huge. Many tour guides also try to expand their influence online, sharing their experiences to attract potential customers. Citywalk is offerıng a positive change to urban travelers as they can better choose the experiences that correspond with their interests and needs. At the same time, Citywalk represents an opportunity for tour guides to offer a more 40 , professional service to meet with ever-changing market demands. III.Reading Comprehension (共45分。 41-45每题1分；56-70每题2分) Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A. B.C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context Whether it is to bring bad news to your boss, or to face an interview panel, corporate life throws up distressing moments. But few things are worse than 41 if you are an introvert. You arrive at an event to find everyone knowing each other already. But then you look more closely and spot the 42 . They are the people who pretend to be reading the conference agenda, or checking mail box with greater 43 than ever happens at the office. Fortunately, there is advice on how to break the ice. First, make 44 in queues, because it is easier to talk to the person in front of you and behind you. Alternatively, don’t be afraid to laugh, because nothing 45 the tension from room like laughter. Additionally, take notes on conversations to appear truly 46 . However, it’s not that easy to apply these tricks to real-life situations. But don’t worry, here’s another good news: building bonds on LinkedIn, an employment-focused site, is a lot less 47 . There is no eye contact, 48 , and the rules are well-accepted. A paper found that, because they bring you novel information, more 49 relationships are more useful than close contacts. The experiment showed that weaker ties were more likely to 50 job applications and job moves than stronger ties. This sounds like a relief for introverts, but let’s face it: even weak ties need tending. Even online, extroversion invariably 51 higher social acceptability. There isn’t a genuinely painless 52 for introverts’ expending the social circle. Still, there is one thing that you can do: to save your energy for the people who most likely interests you. According to Dr. Rajkumar, it’s not always the thing that the weaker the tie, the better. The sweet spot in expanding connection is someone with 53 weak ties to you. In other words, it 54 if you can identify people who can bring you new information but are close enough to your world that this information is useful. In the offline world, a tool like ChatGPT should make it easier to find useful prospects in a list of event attendees. Still, you need to overcome all your 55 as introverts and approach them. 41．A．lying B．performing C．networking D．negotiating 42．A．fellow sufferers B．companion seekers C．mindless wanderers D．natural speakers 43．A．disgust B．relief C．intensity D．emotion 44．A．jokes B．contact C．comments D．judgment 45．A．heightens B．drains C．sustains D．builds 46．A．confused B．embarrassed C．fulfilled D．engaged 47．A．desirable B．stressful C．helpful D．hopeful 48．A．after all B．in turn C．by far D．in response 49．A．solid B．complicated C．unusual D．infrequent 50．A．make for B．make off C．make out D．make up 51．A．predicts B．chops C．boasts D．underlines 52．A．recovery B．recipe C．status D．decision 53．A．objectively B．moderately C．prospectively D．initially 54．A．follows suit B．holds true C．pays off D．takes pain 55．A．instincts B．conflicts C．shortcomings D．bias Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) The turning point of my life was my decision to give up a promising business career and study music. My parents, although sympathetic, and sharing my love of music, disapproved of it as a profession. This was understandable in view of the family background. My grandfather had taught music for nearly forty years. Though much respected in the community, he earned barely enough to provide for his large family. As a consequence of this example in the family, the very mention of music as a profession carried with it a picture of a risky existence with uncertain financial rewards. My parents insisted on college instead of a conservatory of music, and to college I went quite happily, as I remember, for although I loved my violin and spent most of my spare time practicing, I had many other interests. Before my graduation, the family met with severe financial reverses and I felt it my duty to leave college and take a job. Thus I launched upon a business career — which I always think of as the wasted years. Now I do not for a moment mean to disparage (贬低) business. My whole point is that it was not for me. I went into it for money, and aside from the satisfaction of being able to help the family, money is all I got out of it. It was not enough. From being merely discontented I became miserable. I continued to make money, and finally, bit by bit, accumulated enough to enable me to go abroad to study music. The family being once more solvent (有偿付能力), and my help no longer necessary. I resigned from my position and, feeling like a man release from jail, sailed for the world of music. I stayed in Europe for four years and enjoyed every minute of it. “Enjoyed” is too mild a word. I walked on air. I really lived. I was a free man and I was doing what I loved to do and what I was meant to do. If I had stayed in business, I might be a comparatively wealthy man today, but I do not believe I would have made a success of living. I would have given up all those inner satisfactions that money can never buy. 56．Which of the following statements about the writer’s parents is TRUE? A．They had no passion for music at all. B．Both of them used to be the music teachers. C．They felt sorry for not supporting the writer. D．They insisted sending the writer to a music school. 57．The reason why the writer started a business career is that his family met with_____. A．a financial problem B．a separation of the members C．a natural disaster D．a disagreement in opinion 58．Which of the following is NOT a reason for the writer to give up the business career? A．He could gain no inner satisfaction except the financial benefits. B．The money he earned was far from enough to support his dream. C．His family recovered from the financial reverse years later. D．He had earned sufficient wealth to go broad for further study. 59．Which of the following can be the best title for the passage? A．My Criticism on Business B．Life in a Violin Case C．The Essence of Money D．Freedom from Struggle (B) Outdoor Recreation Get outdoors with us this summer and experience the excitement and peace within our unique programs. Research suggests that being physically active within green spaces helps reduce stress, anxiety and anger, and improves moods and overall health and wellbeing. Our Department combines experiential activities for your enjoyment. All fitness levels are welcome; we can accommodate most accessible needs. Please contact Laurie Wright at wright@utsc.utoronto.ca with any questions. Trips are offered to registered U of T students first and then if there is space to staff, non-registered students and guests of the participants. Register at recreg.utoronto.ca or in person at the TPASC Registration Desk. Please check our website for all updated trip dates, prices, registration details and more! Refunds are only available up to 5 business days prior to the trip. Upcoming Adventures TBD: Treetop Trekking and Mountain Biking Participants will travel by bus up to the Horseshoe Valley Resort. You may choose between a 3-hour Treetop Trekking adventure or 2 hours of x-country mountain biking through the region’s forest trails. Treetop Trekking involves zip-lining (moving quickly with the rider suspended from a cable) and climbing through obstacle courses in a peaceful forest setting. Both adventures will be instructor-led and all equipment will be provided. No experience necessary. Beginner to advanced courses will be available. Tuesday, June 13th : Outdoor Rock Climbing or Hiking Trails A bus will transport students to Milton to either hike the area or rock climb. The rock climbing will take place at Rattlesnake Point and there is an opportunity for students to challenge themselves by climbing up to 80ft on some of the best rocks in Southern Ontario. All instructors are fully certified and all equipment will be provided. A custom course will be set up to meet the needs of climbers. The hike will take place through some of the Bruce Peninsula trails and Halton Parks. Participants will have over 20kms of trails to choose from. You may hike with a group or follow the map trails with some friends. Friday, June 30th (indefinite date): Warsaw Caves The Warsaw Caves Conservation Area and Campground takes its name from a series of seven caves found in the park. Join us as we explore the multiple courses through the caves have a picnic lunch. Come enjoy this natural underground jungle gym. 60．John, a U of T teaching staff member, would like to take part in some of these programs, what problem may he encounter? A．He can’t get his fees for a Tuesday trip back if he cancels it the previous Monday. B．These outdoor adventures will exhaust him and leave him in low spirits. C．There may be no space for him because registered students enjoy priority. D．The program that explores the Warsaw Caves underground is sure to change its date. 61．All of the following are activities mentioned in the passage ЕХСЕРТ___________. A．bird watching B．zip-lining C．hiking D．cave exploring 62．Which of the following statements is true according to this passage? A．Money can be refunded within five business days after the trip starts. B．Adventurers should have some basic trekking and biking skills. C．Students must bring some climbing equipment required by the programs. D．The name Warsaw Caves originated from the seven caves found in the park. (C) “Holiday” or “vacation,” “my friend’s cat” or “the cat of my friend” — in our language, there are different ways of expressing the same things and concepts. But can these choices affect our inclination to cooperate with certain individuals? A research team led by Theresa Matzinger from the University of Vienna investigated this and found that people are more likely to team up with those who use similar linguistic (语言的) expressions in a conversation. In an experiment, 100 English-speaking study participants each described pictures for two conversation partners. The pictures showed situations that the participants could describe using two different grammatical constructions that meant the same thing, such as “John gives Mary the book” or “John gives the book to Mary.” Next, the participants’ roles were switched and they received picture descriptions of their partners. Finally, when they had to decide whom they wanted to cooperate with for a subsequent game, most participants chose people who spoke similarly and used the same grammatical construction. In a follow-up experiment with the same participants, researchers tried to get a better sense of this phenomenon. They questioned whether it was due to recognizing similar speakers as part of their social group, which enhanced cooperation, or because similar speech indicated a willingness to adjust one’s behavior to fit with others. This time, participants had to name pictures using the grammatical construction that sounded less natural to them. When choosing cooperation partners afterward, they favored those who matched their natural language use over those who resembled (相似) the language they used in the experiment. This suggests that a sense of belonging to the same social group, based on natural linguistic expression, is the more decisive factor in choosing cooperation partners. “Our study shows that even small linguistic differences can affect the way we recognize and respond to others,” Matzinger summarizes. The researchers hope to use the results to better understand how cooperative decisions are made within linguistically diverse groups and help reduce prejudices against people who speak differently. 63．What does the underlined word “inclination” in Paragraph 1 mean? A．technique B．preference C．performance D．responsibility 64．What can be learned about the first experiment? A．It allows the use of multiple languages. B．It provides pictures with open interpretations. C．It evaluates participants on their grammar use. D．It involves taking turns with picture descriptions. 65．What does similar language use indicate concerning partners? A．A friendly character. B．A cooperative attitude. C．A common social identity. D．A high level of adaptability. 66．Where can the findings of the study be applied to? A．Public speeches on TV. B．Cross-cultural team building. C．Standardized academic exams. D．Human-computer conversations. Section C Directions: Complete the following passage by using the sentences in the box. Each sentence can only be used once. Note that there are two sentences more than you need. Giving Robots a Fleshy Face and a Smile If humanoid robots look a bit cold-would it help if they had fleshy faces that can smile at you? A research team in Japan has created a face mask from human skin cells and attached it to robots with a novel technique. 67 .  This outward layer, the researchers say, is both elastic and durable enough to protect robots while making them appear more human. “Human-like faces and expressions improve communication and empathy in human-robot interactions,” said Shoji Takeuchi, the study’s lead researcher. “This further makes robots more effective in health care, service and companionship roles.” Beyond expressiveness, the “skin” can self-repair and heal. 68 . The novel skin attachment method advances the newborn “biohybrid” robotics field, said Kevin Lynch, an expert on robotics and biosystems. This field integrates mechanical engineering with genetic and tissue engineering. “This study is an innovative contribution to the problem of anchoring artificial skin to the underlying material,” said Lynch.  Takeuchi’s team has been working with labmade human skin for years. In 2022, they developed a robotic finger covered in living skin. 69 . The team had tried anchoring the skin with mini-hooks, but those caused tears as the robot moved. The researchers then decided to mimic ligaments (韧带), the tiny ropes of loose tissue that connect bones. They drilled small, V-shaped holes into the robot and applied a gel，which plugged the holes and made the artificial skin attach to the robot.  “This approach integrates traditional rigid robots with soft, biological skins, making them more ‘human-like,’” said Yifan Wang, a mechanical engineer. 70 . “This could create opportunities for the robots to sense and safely interact with humans,” Wang said. The faces of the robots with artificial skin in Takeuchi’s lab are unable to sense touch or temperature change. Takeuchi said that is his next research target. “We aim to create skin that closely resembles real skin by gradually constructing essential components such as blood vessels, nerves and sweat glands,” he said. In place of the neural systems that convey sensation in a human body, a robot’s electronics would need to power a sensor signal. This development, Wang said, would require much more time and research. A．It is flexible enough to turn down into a grimace (鬼脸) or up into a smile. B．This is “an exciting area of development,” but market adoption would be complex. C．It could bend like a human finger, making it capable of performing more precise tasks. D．While protecting a robot’s complex machinery, it is soft and light enough for a wide range of uses. E．This capacity is a “critical feature” for humanoid robots as even small scratches could lead to breakdowns. F．The skin attachment also gives humanoid robots the potential for sensation, taking science one step closer to sci-fi fantasy. IV.Summary Writing (共10分） Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point( s)of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. Absent-mindedness “Most events of absent-mindedness—forgetting where you left something or wondering why you just entered a room—are caused by a simple lack of attention,” says Dr. Daniel Schacter, a distinguished psychologist and memory scientist. “You’re supposed to remember something, but you haven’t encoded it deeply.” “Encoding,” Schacter explains, “is a special way of paying attention to an event that has a major impact on recalling it later.” Failure to encode properly can create annoying situations. If you put your mobile phone in a pocket of a jacket, for example, and don’t pay attention to what you did because you’re involved in a conversation, you’ll probably forget where exactly you put your mobile phone. Your memory itself isn’t failing you. Rather, you didn’t give your memory system the information it needed. As many people accept, women have slightly better memories than men, possibly because they pay more attention to their environment, and memory relies on just that. Yes, visual cues can help prevent absent-mindedness. But be sure the cue is clear and available. If you want to remember to take a medication with lunch, put the pill bottle on the kitchen table—don't leave it in the medicine chest and write yourself a note that you keep in a pocket. Lack of interest can also lead to absent-mindedness. “A man who can recite sports statistics from 30 years ago may not remember to drop a letter in the mailbox,” says Zelinski, a scientist from New York University. There are many cases in life where women can remember prices of bags of different brands while they tend to forget the specific place where they put their bags. 71.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ V.Translation (共15分。第1小题和第2小题,每题3分;第3题4分;第4题5分。) Directions:Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets 72．众所周知，陶渊明是中国古代一位杰出和有影响力的诗人，他写了一百三十余首诗。（acknowledge）（汉译英） 73．古代人并不知道季节变化会影响农作物的收成；相反，他们将丰收归功于祖先的庇护。(credit) (汉译英) 74．心怀对中国历史和哲学的崇敬之情，这位葡萄牙作家盼望着有朝一日能去中国看看。（look）(汉译英) 75．如今，风筝赛早已不仅仅是展示技艺、传承文化的平台，更是推动文化体育事业繁荣发展的重要契机。（more than）(汉译英) VI.Guided Writing (共25分) Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 假设你是明启中学高三学生李明，最近收到英国笔友Marylin的邮件。在邮件中，她提到自己对于高中毕业后是留在英国升造还是来中国留学犹豫不决，想听听你的意见。回复一封邮件，内容须包括： 1) 你的建议； 2) 你的理由。 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司22 / 23 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $