Unit 4 Period 5 E Cultural focus（分层作业）英语沪教版2020必修第二册

Unit 4 Achievements Period 5 E Cultural focus分层练习 基础达标 01 能力提升 02 拓展培优 03 1. 词汇拼写 1. The scientist made a great ______ (突破) in medical research. 2. We should ______ (尊重) the cultural differences between countries. 3. The ______ (成就) of the team has surprised everyone in the company. 4. She has a strong ______ (决心) to finish the task before the deadline. 5. The new technology has ______ (促进) the development of the industry. 6. His ______ (贡献) to environmental protection is widely recognized. 7. We need to ______ (克服) many difficulties to achieve our goals. 8. The ______ (合作) between the two universities has produced good results. 9. She showed great ______ (勇气) when facing the challenge. 10. The project requires ______ (耐心) and careful planning. 答案： 1. breakthrough：名词，“突破”，常与make搭配，符合“科研领域取得突破”的语境。 2. respect：动词，“尊重”，情态动词should后接动词原形。 3. achievement：名词，“成就”，由定冠词the和后面的of短语可知用名词形式。 4. determination：名词，“决心”，strong修饰名词，需将determine转化为名词。 5. promoted：动词过去分词，“促进”，此处为现在完成时，has后接过去分词。 6. contribution：名词，“贡献”，his后接名词，contribute的名词形式为contribution。 7. overcome：动词，“克服”，need to后接动词原形，注意overcome的原形与过去分词形式一致。 8. cooperation：名词，“合作”，定冠词the后接名词，cooperate的名词形式为cooperation。 9. courage：名词，“勇气”，great修饰名词，为不可数名词，无复数形式。 10. patience：名词，“耐心”，requires后接名词作宾语，patient的名词形式为patience。 2. 单项选择 1. The young researcher's ______ in AI technology has attracted much attention. A. achieve B. achievement C. achievable D. achieving 2. We should learn to ______ with people from different cultural backgrounds. A. cooperate B. operate C. coordinate D. correspond 3. His success is due to his hard work and strong ______. A. determine B. determination C. determined D. determining 4. The government has taken measures to ______ the development of renewable energy. A. promote B. protect C. prevent D. propose 5. She showed great ______ in solving the difficult problem. A. intelligence B. intention C. interest D. interaction 6. We must ______ the challenges bravely instead of running away from them. A. face up to B. look forward to C. get used to D. belong to 7. His ______ to the team's success can't be ignored. A. contribution B. distribution C. attribution D. pollution 8. The two countries have agreed to strengthen ______ in trade and education. A. corporation B. cooperation C. combination D. collection 9. It takes a lot of ______ to learn a foreign language well. A. patience B. pressure C. pleasure D. practice 10. The scientist finally made a major ______ after years of research. A. breakthrough B. breakdown C. breakout D. breakup 答案： 1. B：考查名词。空格前有所有格researcher's，需用名词，achievement“成就”符合语境；A为动词，C为形容词，D为动名词，均不符合语法要求。 2. A：考查动词辨析。cooperate with“与……合作”；operate“操作”；coordinate“协调”；correspond“对应”，结合“不同文化背景的人”可知选A。 3. B：考查名词。strong修饰名词，determination“决心”为名词；A为动词，C为形容词，D为现在分词，故选B。 4. A：考查动词辨析。promote“促进”；protect“保护”；prevent“阻止”；propose“提议”，结合“可再生能源发展”可知选A。 5. A：考查名词辨析。intelligence“智慧”；intention“意图”；interest“兴趣”；interaction“互动”，解决难题需要智慧，故选A。 6. A：考查短语辨析。face up to“勇敢面对”；look forward to“期待”；get used to“习惯”；belong to“属于”，结合“不逃避挑战”可知选A。 7. A：考查名词辨析。contribution“贡献”；distribution“分配”；attribution“归因”；pollution“污染”，“对成功的贡献”用contribution，故选A。 8. B：考查名词辨析。cooperation“合作”；corporation“公司”；combination“结合”；collection“收集”，“加强贸易和教育合作”选B。 9. A：考查名词辨析。patience“耐心”；pressure“压力”；pleasure“快乐”；practice“练习”，学好外语需要耐心，故选A。 10. A：考查名词辨析。breakthrough“突破”；breakdown“故障”；breakout“爆发”；breakup“分手”，“多年研究后的重大突破”选A。 3. 句子翻译 1. 他的研究为癌症治疗做出了重要贡献。 答案：His research has made an important contribution to cancer treatment. 2. 我们应该尊重不同文化之间的差异。 答案：We should respect the differences between different cultures. 3. 经过多年的努力，她终于在自己的领域取得了突破。 答案：After years of hard work, she finally made a breakthrough in her field. 4. 团队合作是完成这个复杂项目的关键。 答案：Team cooperation is the key to completing this complex project. 5. 政府正采取措施促进环境保护。 答案：The government is taking measures to promote environmental protection. 6. 面对困难，我们需要勇气和决心。 答案：In the face of difficulties, we need courage and determination. 7. 这位科学家的成就得到了全世界的认可。 答案：The scientist's achievements have been recognized worldwide. 8. 我们必须克服这些障碍才能取得成功。 答案：We must overcome these obstacles to achieve success. 9. 耐心和坚持是实现目标的必要条件。 答案：Patience and perseverance are necessary conditions for achieving goals. 10. 两国之间的文化交流促进了相互理解。 答案：Cultural exchange between the two countries has promoted mutual understanding. 1. 阅读理解 During recent years legends have grown up among people who live near the park, legends of life among the treetops. One story was of a young, handsome man who had been spotted from time to time among the branches. This rumour about a modern Tarzan (人猿泰山) turned out to be true. The young man had been living in the treetops for eight years until discovered by the city authorities. It is a touching tale. Bob Redman, brought up by his mother in a tiny Manhattan apartment, had always been addicted to trees. When he was 14, he went into the park and built himself a tree house. It was the first of 13 houses, each one more elaborate than the last. “I like to be in trees,” Redman explained to a reporter from the New York Times. “I like to be up, away from everything. I enjoy staying alone.” Redman went to great pains to hide his tree houses, building them in neglected corners of the park and camouflaging them with branches and green paint. Friends used to come to visit him, sometimes as many as 12 people at a time, bringing sandwiches and radios and books and torches. The park authorities quickly became aware of his activities. However, the houses were often not detected for long periods of time. Some lasted as long as a whole year before they were found and destroyed by officials, with a mournful Bob Redman watching from a distance. His magnificent final house went unnoticed for four months before Bob was awoken one morning with the words: “Come down! The party’s over!” Rather than being thrown into jail, Redman was offered a job. He is now a professional gardener and tree climber for the Central Park. However, he has had to promise not to build any more tree houses. He says he cannot believe that a job so perfect for him could possibly exist. In our busy, competitive world, I suppose it is comforting to know that a man like Bob Redman exists. 1．Which of the following statements about Bob Redman is TRUE? A．He built 14 tree houses altogether. B．He rented his final house to some friends. C．He was raised amid trees in the countryside. D．He gave an interview to the New York Times. 2．The bold word “camouflaging” in paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to________. A．decorating B．hiding C．equipping D．integrating 3．The underlined sentence in paragraph 5 suggests that________. A．parties should not be held overnight B．parties are not allowed in the Central Park C．no more tree houses should exist in the Central Park D．the owner of the tree house should get down to work 4．Which might be the best title of the passage? A．Tarzan of the Central Park B．Locked Up or Breaking Free C．A Special Job Hunter in New York D．Tree Houses — the Ultimate Habitat 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．C 4．A 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Bob Redman在公园给自己建树屋，在树顶住了8年，直到被市政当局发现。 1．细节理解题。根据第三段中““I like to be in trees,” Redman explained to a reporter from the New York Times.(“我喜欢呆在树上，”雷德曼向《纽约时报》的一名记者解释道)”可知，他接受了《纽约时报》的采访。故选D。 2．词句猜测题。根据画线词上文“Redman went to great pains to hide his tree houses, building them in neglected corners of the park and”以及后文“them with branches and green paint”可知，雷德曼煞费苦心地隐藏他的树屋，把它们建在公园里被忽视的角落里，用树枝和绿色油漆伪装起来。故画线词意思是“隐藏”。故选B。 3．推理判断题。根据第五段中“The park authorities quickly became aware of his activities. However, the houses were often not detected for long periods of time. Some lasted as long as a whole year before they were found and destroyed by officials, with a mournful Bob Redman watching from a distance.(公园管理部门很快就发现了他的活动。然而，这些房子往往在很长一段时间内都没有被发现。有些保存了整整一年，才被官员们发现并销毁，Bob Redman在远处悲伤地看着)”可推知，第5段中划线的句子表明中央公园不应该再有树屋。故选C。 4．主旨大意题。根据第二段中“This rumour about a modern Tarzan (人猿泰山) turned out to be true. The young man had been living in the treetops for eight years until discovered by the city authorities.(关于现代人猿泰山的传言被证实是真的。这个年轻人在树顶住了8年，直到被市政当局发现)”结合文章文章主要讲述了Bob Redman在公园给自己建树屋，在树顶住了8年，直到被市政当局发现。可知，A选项“中央公园的人猿泰山”最符合文章标题。故选A。 2. 语法填空 Over the last seven years, most states have banned texting by drivers. Public service campaigns have also tried a wide range of methods to persuade people to put down their phones 1 they are behind the wheel. Yet the problem, by just about any measure, appears to be getting worse. Americans are still texting while driving, as well as using social networks and taking photos. Road accidents, which 2 (fall) for years, are now rising sharply. That is partly 3 people are driving more, but Mark Rosekind, the chief of the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, said inattentive driving was “only increasing, unfortunately.” “Big change requires big ideas,” he said in a speech last month, 4 (refer) broadly to the need to improve road safety. So 5 (change) a distinctly modern behavior, lawmakers and public health experts are reaching back to an old approach: They want to treat 6 (distract) driving like driving after consuming alcohol. An idea 7 lawmakers in New York is to give police officers a new device called the Textalyzer. It would work like this: An officer arriving at the scene of a crash could ask for the phones of the drivers and use the Textalyzer to check in the operating system for recent activity. The technology could determine 8 a driver had just texted, emailed or done anything else not allowed under New York’s hands-free driving laws. “We need something on the books 9 can change people’s behavior,” said Félix W. Ortiz, who pushed for the state’s ban on hand-held devices by drivers. “If the Textalyzer bill becomes law,” he said, “people are going to be 10 (afraid) to put their hands on the cell phone.” 【答案】 1．when/while/as 2．have been falling /have fallen 3．because 4．referring 5．to change 6．distracted 7．from/by 8．whether/if 9．that 10．more afraid 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了美国推动立法禁止在开车时使用手机的原因及过程。 1．考查状语从句。句意：公共服务运动还尝试了多种方法来说服人们在开车时放下手机。结合句意可知，使用when/while/as“当……时”引导时间状语从句，符合句意，故填when/while/as。 2．考查时态。句意：道路事故多年来一直在下降，现在却急剧上升。根据句意时间状语for years可知，这里要使用现在完成时，或者是 现在完成时进行时，主语which指代的是先行词Road accidents为复数，谓语动词也要使用复数，故填have been falling/have fallen。 3．考查表语从句。句意：这在一定程度上是因为人们开车越来越多，但美国国家公路交通安全管理局局长Mark Rosekind表示，疏忽驾驶“不幸的是只会增加”。结合句意可知，此处使用连词because连接表语从句符合句意，故填because。 4．考查非谓语动词。句意：他在上个月的一次演讲中表示：“大变革需要大创意。”他泛指改善道路安全的必要性。句中已含有一个谓语动词且没有连词此处使用非谓语动词，主语和与refer之间为主动关系，使用现在分词作状语，故填referring。 5．考查非谓语动词。句意：因此，为了改变一种明显的现代行为，立法者和公共卫生专家正在回归一种古老的方法：他们希望将分心驾驶视为饮酒后驾驶。句中已含有一个谓语动词且没有连词，此处需要使用非谓语动词，结合句意可知，此处使用不定式作目的状语，符合句意，故填to change。 6．考查形容词。句意：因此，为了改变一种明显的现代行为，立法者和公共卫生专家正在回归一种古老的方法：他们希望将分心驾驶视为饮酒后驾驶。位于动名词前使用形容词作定语，故填distracted。 7．考查介词。句意：纽约立法者的一个想法是给警察一种新的设备，称为Textalyzer。结合句意可知，此处使用介词from/by“出自”符合句意，故填from/by。 8．考查连词。句意：这项技术可以确定司机是否只是发短信、发电子邮件或做了纽约免提驾驶法不允许的其他事情。此处缺少宾语从句连接词，结合句意可知使用whether /if“是否”符合句意，故填whether/if。 9．考查定语从句。句意：“我们需要一些能够改变人们行为的东西，”费利克斯·W·奥尔蒂斯说，他推动了该州禁止司机使用手持设备的禁令。此处引导定语从句，先行词为something，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，使用关系代词that，故填that。 10．考查形容词比较级。句意：“如果Textalyzer法案成为法律，”他说，“人们将更加害怕把手放在手机上。”结合和句意可知，如果法案成为法律，相较于之前人们会更害怕把手放在手机上，故填more afraid。 书面表达 假定你是李华，请给你的外国交换生同学John发一封电子邮件邀请他参加你们学习小组名为“城市公园，让生活更美好”（Better City Park, Better Life）的研究性学习项目。 内容主要包括：1. 表明邮件意图； 2. 阐述研究意义； 3. 表达邀请期待。 注意：1.写作词数应为80左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear John, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】 Dear John, I hope this email finds you well. I am writing to invite you to participate in our group research project titled “Better City Park, Better Life”. We are focusing on the role of parks in enhancing urban environments, and we believe your insights and perspectives would greatly enrich our discussions and findings. Our project, which aims to explore how parks are closely related to reducing stress levels and improving mental health for citizens, is sure to deepen our understanding of the impacts and benefits of city parks. Your participation is highly anticipated and I sincerely hope you can join us! Yours, Li Hua 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给外国交换生同学John发一封电子邮件，邀请他参加学习小组名为“城市公园，让生活更美好”的研究性学习项目。 【详解】1.词汇积累 参与：participate in → take part in 专注于：focus on → concentrate on 增强：enhance → strengthen 减少：reduce → decrease 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：I am writing to invite you to participate in our group research project titled “Better City Park, Better Life”. 拓展句：I am writing to invite you to participate in our group research project, whose title is “Better City Park, Better Life”. 【点睛】 【高分句型1】Our project, which aims to explore how parks are closely related to reducing stress levels and improving mental health for citizens, is sure to deepen our understanding of the impacts and benefits of city parks (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句，how引导宾语从句) 【高分句型2】Your participation is highly anticipated and I sincerely hope you can join us! (运用了一般现在时的被动语态、省略引导词that的宾语从句) 1 / 9 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 4 Achievements Period 5 E Cultural focus分层练习 基础达标 01 能力提升 02 拓展培优 03 1. 词汇拼写 1. The scientist made a great ______ (突破) in medical research. 2. We should ______ (尊重) the cultural differences between countries. 3. The ______ (成就) of the team has surprised everyone in the company. 4. She has a strong ______ (决心) to finish the task before the deadline. 5. The new technology has ______ (促进) the development of the industry. 6. His ______ (贡献) to environmental protection is widely recognized. 7. We need to ______ (克服) many difficulties to achieve our goals. 8. The ______ (合作) between the two universities has produced good results. 9. She showed great ______ (勇气) when facing the challenge. 10. The project requires ______ (耐心) and careful planning. 2. 单项选择 1. The young researcher's ______ in AI technology has attracted much attention. A. achieve B. achievement C. achievable D. achieving 2. We should learn to ______ with people from different cultural backgrounds. A. cooperate B. operate C. coordinate D. correspond 3. His success is due to his hard work and strong ______. A. determine B. determination C. determined D. determining 4. The government has taken measures to ______ the development of renewable energy. A. promote B. protect C. prevent D. propose 5. She showed great ______ in solving the difficult problem. A. intelligence B. intention C. interest D. interaction 6. We must ______ the challenges bravely instead of running away from them. A. face up to B. look forward to C. get used to D. belong to 7. His ______ to the team's success can't be ignored. A. contribution B. distribution C. attribution D. pollution 8. The two countries have agreed to strengthen ______ in trade and education. A. corporation B. cooperation C. combination D. collection 9. It takes a lot of ______ to learn a foreign language well. A. patience B. pressure C. pleasure D. practice 10. The scientist finally made a major ______ after years of research. A. breakthrough B. breakdown C. breakout D. breakup 3. 句子翻译 1. 他的研究为癌症治疗做出了重要贡献。 2. 我们应该尊重不同文化之间的差异。 3. 经过多年的努力，她终于在自己的领域取得了突破。 4. 团队合作是完成这个复杂项目的关键。 5. 政府正采取措施促进环境保护。 6. 面对困难，我们需要勇气和决心。 7. 这位科学家的成就得到了全世界的认可。 8. 我们必须克服这些障碍才能取得成功。 9. 耐心和坚持是实现目标的必要条件。 10. 两国之间的文化交流促进了相互理解。 1. 阅读理解 During recent years legends have grown up among people who live near the park, legends of life among the treetops. One story was of a young, handsome man who had been spotted from time to time among the branches. This rumour about a modern Tarzan (人猿泰山) turned out to be true. The young man had been living in the treetops for eight years until discovered by the city authorities. It is a touching tale. Bob Redman, brought up by his mother in a tiny Manhattan apartment, had always been addicted to trees. When he was 14, he went into the park and built himself a tree house. It was the first of 13 houses, each one more elaborate than the last. “I like to be in trees,” Redman explained to a reporter from the New York Times. “I like to be up, away from everything. I enjoy staying alone.” Redman went to great pains to hide his tree houses, building them in neglected corners of the park and camouflaging them with branches and green paint. Friends used to come to visit him, sometimes as many as 12 people at a time, bringing sandwiches and radios and books and torches. The park authorities quickly became aware of his activities. However, the houses were often not detected for long periods of time. Some lasted as long as a whole year before they were found and destroyed by officials, with a mournful Bob Redman watching from a distance. His magnificent final house went unnoticed for four months before Bob was awoken one morning with the words: “Come down! The party’s over!” Rather than being thrown into jail, Redman was offered a job. He is now a professional gardener and tree climber for the Central Park. However, he has had to promise not to build any more tree houses. He says he cannot believe that a job so perfect for him could possibly exist. In our busy, competitive world, I suppose it is comforting to know that a man like Bob Redman exists. 1．Which of the following statements about Bob Redman is TRUE? A．He built 14 tree houses altogether. B．He rented his final house to some friends. C．He was raised amid trees in the countryside. D．He gave an interview to the New York Times. 2．The bold word “camouflaging” in paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to________. A．decorating B．hiding C．equipping D．integrating 3．The underlined sentence in paragraph 5 suggests that________. A．parties should not be held overnight B．parties are not allowed in the Central Park C．no more tree houses should exist in the Central Park D．the owner of the tree house should get down to work 4．Which might be the best title of the passage? A．Tarzan of the Central Park B．Locked Up or Breaking Free C．A Special Job Hunter in New York D．Tree Houses — the Ultimate Habitat 2. 语法填空 Over the last seven years, most states have banned texting by drivers. Public service campaigns have also tried a wide range of methods to persuade people to put down their phones 1 they are behind the wheel. Yet the problem, by just about any measure, appears to be getting worse. Americans are still texting while driving, as well as using social networks and taking photos. Road accidents, which 2 (fall) for years, are now rising sharply. That is partly 3 people are driving more, but Mark Rosekind, the chief of the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, said inattentive driving was “only increasing, unfortunately.” “Big change requires big ideas,” he said in a speech last month, 4 (refer) broadly to the need to improve road safety. So 5 (change) a distinctly modern behavior, lawmakers and public health experts are reaching back to an old approach: They want to treat 6 (distract) driving like driving after consuming alcohol. An idea 7 lawmakers in New York is to give police officers a new device called the Textalyzer. It would work like this: An officer arriving at the scene of a crash could ask for the phones of the drivers and use the Textalyzer to check in the operating system for recent activity. The technology could determine 8 a driver had just texted, emailed or done anything else not allowed under New York’s hands-free driving laws. “We need something on the books 9 can change people’s behavior,” said Félix W. Ortiz, who pushed for the state’s ban on hand-held devices by drivers. “If the Textalyzer bill becomes law,” he said, “people are going to be 10 (afraid) to put their hands on the cell phone.” 书面表达 假定你是李华，请给你的外国交换生同学John发一封电子邮件邀请他参加你们学习小组名为“城市公园，让生活更美好”（Better City Park, Better Life）的研究性学习项目。 内容主要包括：1. 表明邮件意图； 2. 阐述研究意义； 3. 表达邀请期待。 注意：1.写作词数应为80左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear John, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 1 / 9 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $