2025-2026学年高二上学期期末复习之英语核心词词性转换&语法填空练习(外研版选择性必修必修第一册-第二册 ）

考前特训·期末 期末复习--词性转换&语法填空（外研版） 高二上(选修一&选修二) 易错特训 班级 姓名 学号 分数 （时间：60分钟；每小题1分，满分：130分） 内 容 提 要 一、 单句语法填空 Exercise 1 – 80 二、 语篇语法填空 Passage 1 -5 一、单句语法填空题:在空格处填入1个适当的单词或用所给单词的适当形式填空 1．The police tried to establish a (connect) between the two cases, but without success. 2．Known as a Chinese writer and politician in the Song Dynasty, Fan Zhongyan was highly (appreciate) because he made great contributions to society. 3．Children must learn just a few basic things — being safe, being considerate others and being responsible for themselves. 4．He had to make a decision the spot because there was no time left. 5．Some of us still couldn’t understand, our teacher gave his solution to the question. 6．He felt embarrassed when he saw the whole class (stare) at him. 7．It is believed that today’s children and teenagers are consuming three times the recommended level of sugar, putting them a higher risk of the disease. 8．I sometimes have difficulty distinguishing Spanish Portuguese. 9．His policies invited widespread (criticise). 10．The authority must make suitable accommodation available the homeless. 11． (thief) broke into the offices and stole $150,000’s worth of computer equipment. 12．Mum, could you lend me a few dollars until I (get) paid this Friday? 13．They managed to become members of the football （associate）. 14．I have learned the students living in rural areas in China need a great deal of assistance. (educator) 15．As the old saying goes,“A workman must (sharp) his tools if he is to do his work well.” 16．He likes music and hopes to make friends with a (compose). 17．Her previous experience gives her a big advantage over other (apply). 18．We must stop the ecological system from (destroy) by human activities. 19．Ocean colour varies green to blue, depending on the type and concentration of phytoplankton. 20．It is said that since January, goods with dragon-themed elements, such as daily necessities, alcohol and gold jewelry, have been preferred by (consumption). 21．We are delighted at the news that our daughter won the first prize in the English speech (contest). 22．Natural disasters (lead to) food shortages in the 1960s. Yuan Longping (begin) to do research on hybrid rice because of this. Finally, he (develop) a better type of rice. 23．He was anxious about the coming exam, （glance）at his watch occasionally. 24．The waves struck the beach (constant) and swept away their footprints. 25．One day, when Tom opened his book, he found a beautiful card (attach) to the first page, giving him best wishes. 26．People are (constant) opening doors for me, so this is not unusual. 27．You can never depend on that he will give you a helping hand. 28．Daily (necessity) and food are sold on the first floor of the large supermarket. 29．We should try to use more electricity (generate) by the sun and wind. 30．Leave him alone. (apparent), he is not in the mood for joking. 31．David is very noisy Katy is rather quiet. 32．She’s taking a course in a training agency to (sharp) her business skills. 33．The farmer and his neighbors decided to establish a (cooperate) farm. 34．It is (legal) to park your car on the freeway. 35．Ever since the Greens moved to the country a year ago, they (enjoy)better health. 36．You must learn (keep) your balance in skating. 37．Beef, for example, is a typical red meat, in contrast white meat, such as chicken meat. 38．I suggest that you (should) take the forms away and read them your leisure. 39．A lot of (operate) in this area were disturbed by the new rules. 40．The (combine) of a balanced diet and regular exercise is the key to enjoying good health. 41．I feel like (stay) at home on weekends while my sister would like (go) shopping. 42．This poem as well as the stories (intend)for new generation but they are not well received. 43．Anyway, that evening, I’ll tell you more about later, I ended up staying at Rachel’s place. 44．They spoke in ________（whisper）for fear that they should be heard. 45． is often the case, girls like dolls while boys like guns. 46．They usually start at half the pay of a journeyman, and the pay increases gradually as they move further along in the job and studies. 47．By last year, approximately 700 endangered marine species (affect)by the plastic pollution. 48．The man hid himself behind a post, from he carefully watched a tall building across the street. 49．It is hoped you can learn a lesson from this accident. 50．There will still be lots of challenges if we are (classify)garbage in a short time. 51．Mr Wang is an person who often us with stories. So staying with him is really a kind of (amuse) 52．There are still millions of people (suffer) from hunger nowadays. 53．Maryland took the top spot in the ranking’s education category, (place) first among its peers for lower gender disparities in math and (read) scores for eighth graders, and third among them for four-year public college graduation rates. 54．We would resist any armed (intervene) from outside in our country’s affairs. 55．This saying (associate) with the German-born architect Mies van der Rohe. 56．She sticks to a diet (consist) mainly of vegetables. 57．They continued (talk) after the meal. 58．There was a time when the challenges of writing such a huge novel almost (defeat) her. 59．Fast pace is now becoming one of the typical (character) of urban life. 60．He that everyone would burst out laughing when he finished his joke, but beyond his nobody laughed. (expect) 61． is often the case, he was fined because he didn’t limit his speed. 62．My car (clean) by my son at ten yesterday morning. 63．The editor (edit)the article for three hours before it was published. 64．It is very kind of you (assist) me to clean the dusty shelf. 65．He passed the driving test at his first attempt, made him excited. 66．He hates when I call him at work. He’s always too busy (carry) on a conversation with me. 67．Some people live with their (elder) parents; many more adult children are returning to the family home, if they ever left. 68．He (learn) maths all by himself by the age of fourteen. 69．Wolfgang’s (emphasise) on developing positive leadership kept his managers actively involved and loyal as they successfully transformed the company into a global one. 70．Without (hesitate),I decided to follow them and we did enjoy ourselves that day. 71．The children waited patiently in ________ (expect) of the magician. 72．Sports stars like those in NBA contribute to the national (economic) by benefiting the sports industry as well as the advertising industry. 73．In much of the animal world，night is the time set for sleep—pure and simple. 74． everyone knows, China is a beautiful country with a long history. 75．Smart toilets (keep) constant track of your health as well. 76．As (indicate) in the survey, more and more people choose to travel abroad. 77．I wish to (expression) my delight on this occasion. 78．I was caught in a traffic jam for over an hour, otherwise I wouldn't have kept you （wait）for such a long time. 79．As an old saying goes,“A wise man is always （seize）the chance and turning it into success.” 80．In such circumstances, information itself can lead market failures. 二、语法填空题:在空格处填入1个适当的单词或用所给单词的适当形式填空 Passage 1 In the workshop of a brush-pen store in Huzhou, Shi Wangli makes traditional Chinese brush-pens. Her hands are immersed (浸泡) in water for at 1 (little) eight hours a day, in 2 summer and winter. The choice of the hairs in steps of making a quality brush-pen is of great 3 (important) and the work she does cannot be performed 4 a machine. It is a difficult but meaningful job. She is the youngest brush-pen technician in Huzhou. The manager of the store says he is worried the thousand-year-old technique for making the Huzhou brush-pen used in calligraphy (书法) will be lost with few young people 5 (will) to learn it. In Chinese history, brush-pen is an essential (基本的) tool for cultural inheritance (传承). However, with the rapid progress of modern technology, brush-pens 6 (replace) firstly by pens, then ballpoint pens and now keyboards. The Ministry of Education required elementary and middle schools to start calligraphy classes 7 (protect) the Chinese traditional culture. There is a general 8 (believe) that brush-pen making should be regarded as a technique 9 represents Chinese culture. People should get to know the meanings and thoughts behind these traditional 10 (technique). Passage 2 If you want to make your body more flexible, try balancing on a bamboo pole! Single bamboo drifting (漂流) is 1 unique sport and a cultural heritage of people setting in Guizhou, China. The sport is a custom that has been passed down from generation to generation of the people there and it 2 (include) in the sports events for the first time at the 9th National Minority Traditional Sports Games in 2011. Local middle school students enjoy 3 (practice) the sport. Many adults, including the old, also take part in the sport. This activity attracts many tourists from outside of Guizhou every year. During the activity, players will dress up 4 traditional clothing and move forward on a bamboo pole in the water, 5 is fun to watch. The requirements of the sport are simple but 6 (challenge)! Athletes have to balance on a narrow bamboo pole 7 carefully drive it down the river with a thin stick. During the 8 (compete), the athletes will give special performances. Jumping and push-ups are some of the most common, but the more experienced ones often use their imagination to experiment more. Single bamboo drifting 9 (have) origins reportedly going back to China’s ethnic minorities which are from the Red River Basin. If you visit Guizhou and enjoy the sport, 10 (probable) the culture will impress you! Passage 3 A smart home is one that 1 (integrate) computers into the structure of the building 2 (it). In this way, many of the things, 3 we now do ourselves will become automatic. For example, the smart home could control the air conditioning and lights that you would no 4 (long) have to switch on and off, 5 (make) your home more energy-efficient. Your home will also learn your 6 (day) routine and preferences, so everything will be ready 7 you when you get home each evening. All controls will respond to voice commands, so if you want 8 (change) your routine, you just say aloud what you want and the home system will obey. The smart home could also monitor itself to make sure that everything is working as it should, and send you a 9 (warn) if there is a problem. Such smart homes could even be programmed to detect your health problems, and then give you relevant advice as to the food you should eat 10 if you should see a doctor. Smarts home can also prevent us from disasters. So, in a sense, smart homes will lead us to living smarter lives. Passage 4 If we take a close look 1 successful people we can always see that they are usually not those 2 never failed at all in their life. In fact, some of the most successful people in this world we have heard of 3 （start）out poorly, and actually they have failed many times. There are many great 4 （fail）that famous people met with. For example, one of the 5 （famous）basketball players of all time, Michael Jordan, was just an ordinary person before 6 （join） the NBA and he was even cut out from his school basketball team because they said he was “lack of skill”. Albert Einstein, one of the greatest scientists in history, was thought as 7 （mental） retarded（迟钝的） when he was young. He didn't speak until he turned four and didn't read until he was seven. 8 poor were his grades in school that his teacher finally asked him to quit school. When 9 （trap） in the adversity, don't complain, Successful people accept the adversity as 10 important part of life and never put the blame on others. Passage 5 Over a year ago, before Ke Jie, one of China’s and the world’s best Go(围棋) players, battled with AlphaGo, the artificial intelligence (AI) machine 1 (develop) by Google’s Deepmind team, he was 2 (confidence) that he would win-----even though the program 3 (defeat) top ROK Go player Lee SE-dol only two months before. But then 19-year-old Ke lost. In an interview with CGTN after the match, he admitted, “AlphaGo can see the whole universe of Go, but I can only see a small pond in my backyard,” Ke said. “So, please, let 4 explore the universe, but let me play in my own backyard.” His 5 (fail) against the AI program didn’t get him discouraged, but made him a better player. He recognized 6 set human beings and intelligent machines apart was the ability of humans to enjoy the game. Ke set about 7 (update) his Go skill, and since then he has been unbeatable. The proof came at last year’s national league(联赛) of Go 8 he effortlessly defeated his old rival(对手) Chen Yaoye, 29. Only a few days before that, Ke had won the 23rd Samsung Cup, becoming the 9 (young) Go player to win six international championships. Today’s Ke, 10 a Go player, is trying to be the best player he humanly can. 7 / 7 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $考前特训·期末 期末复习--词性转换&语法填空（外研版） 高二上(选修一&选修二) 易错特训 班级 姓名 学号 分数 （时间：60分钟；每小题1分，满分：130分） 内 容 提 要 一、 单句语法填空 Exercise 1 – 80 二、 语篇语法填空 Passage 1 -5 一、单句语法填空题:在空格处填入1个适当的单词或用所给单词的适当形式填空 1．The police tried to establish a (connect) between the two cases, but without success. 【答案】connection 【详解】考查名词。句意：警方试图建立这两个案件之间的联系，但没有成功。分析句子，设空处应该是名词作宾语。connect为动词，意为“联系”，其名词为connection，由不定冠词修饰用单数。故填connection。 2．Known as a Chinese writer and politician in the Song Dynasty, Fan Zhongyan was highly (appreciate) because he made great contributions to society. 【答案】appreciated 【详解】考查动词语态。句意：作为中国宋代著名的作家和政治家，范仲淹因其对社会的巨大贡献而受到高度赞赏。此处主语Fan Zhongyan 与谓语appreciate构成被动关系，根据上文was可知为一般过去时的被动语态。故填appreciated。 3．Children must learn just a few basic things — being safe, being considerate others and being responsible for themselves. 【答案】of/to/towards 【详解】考查介词。句意：孩子们必须学会几件基本的事 —— 保证安全、体谅他人以及对自己负责。be considerate of/to/towards sb为固定搭配，均表示“体谅某人、为某人着想”，介词of/to/towards后跟“体谅/着想”的对象，符合“孩子需要体谅他人的语境”。故填of/to/towards。 4．He had to make a decision the spot because there was no time left. 【答案】on 【详解】考查介词。句意：他不得不当场作出决定，因为时间已经不多了。on the spot“当场，立即”是固定搭配。故填on。 5．Some of us still couldn’t understand, our teacher gave his solution to the question. 【答案】though/although 【详解】考查状语从句。句意：尽管我们的老师给出了问题的答案，我们中仍有一些同学不太明白。根据句意，此处需用though/although（尽管，即使）来引导让步状语从句。表示“尽管老师给了问题的答案，但是还是有很多同学不理解。综上，故填though/although。 6．He felt embarrassed when he saw the whole class (stare) at him. 【答案】staring 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：当他看到全班同学都盯着他看时，他感到很尴尬。when引导的时间状语从句谓语为saw，此处为非谓语动词，且the whole class与stare“盯着看”为主动关系，see sb. doing sth.“看见某人正在做某事”，本空用现在分词，作宾语补足语。故填staring。 7．It is believed that today’s children and teenagers are consuming three times the recommended level of sugar, putting them a higher risk of the disease. 【答案】at 【详解】考查介词。句意：据信，如今的儿童和青少年摄入的糖是推荐量的三倍，这使他们患糖尿病的风险更高。put sb. at a risk of意思为：使某人有……的危险，固定短语。故填at。 8．I sometimes have difficulty distinguishing Spanish Portuguese. 【答案】from 【详解】考查固定短语。句意：我有时难以区分西班牙语和葡萄牙语。distinguish...from...“把……区分开”，固定短语，故填from。 9．His policies invited widespread (criticise). 【答案】criticism 【详解】考查名词。句意：他的政策招致了广泛的批评。widespread是形容词，修饰名词，criticise的名词是criticism，意为“批评”，是不可数名词，故填criticism。 10．The authority must make suitable accommodation available the homeless. 【答案】to 【详解】考查介词。句意：当局必须为无家可归者提供适当的住处。be available to可被...利用或得到，为固定短语，此处是形容词短语作补足语。故填to。 11． (thief) broke into the offices and stole $150,000’s worth of computer equipment. 【答案】Thieves 【详解】考查名词复数。句意：窃贼闯入办公室，偷走了价值15万美元的电脑设备。本题中所给词“thief(小偷)”在句中作主语，为可数名词，设空处前没有任何冠词和限定词，说明此处是泛指一群小偷，“thief”应为复数形式；“thief”的复数形式为不规则变化，以f/fe结尾，将f/fe变为ves，即“thieves”；句首单词首字母需大写。故填Thieves。 12．Mum, could you lend me a few dollars until I (get) paid this Friday? 【答案】get 【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：妈妈，你能借我几美元吗，直到我这周五发工资。until引导的是时间状语从句，由“this Friday”可知，句子描述将来的事情，动词是get，用一般现在时表将来，主语I是第一人称，因此空格处用动词原形，故填get。 13．They managed to become members of the football （associate）. 【答案】association 【详解】考查名词。句意：他们设法成为足球协会的会员。由“members of the football”可知，他们设法成为足球协会的会员，空格处意为“协会”，是association，由the可知，此处指加入一个足球协会，因此空格处用单数，故填association。 14．I have learned the students living in rural areas in China need a great deal of assistance. (educator) 【答案】educational 【详解】考查形容词。句意：我了解到中国农村地区的学生需要大量的教育援助。修饰名词assistance用形容词educational，作定语。故填educational。 15．As the old saying goes,“A workman must (sharp) his tools if he is to do his work well.” 【答案】sharpen 【详解】考查动词。句意：俗话说得好：“工欲善其事，必先利其器”。must后缺少动词原形，结合his tools可知，此处为“磨快，使……锋利”用动词sharpen。故填sharpen。 16．He likes music and hopes to make friends with a (compose). 【答案】composer 【详解】考查名词。句意：他喜欢音乐，希望和一位作曲家交朋友。该空作动词短语make friends with的宾语，用名词，前面有不定冠词，用名词单数，所以填composer。 17．Her previous experience gives her a big advantage over other (apply). 【答案】applicants 【详解】考查名词。句意：她以前的经历使她比其他申请人有很大的优势。设空处为宾语，应用名词，根据句意可知是申请人，译为“applicant”，根据语境可知应用复数形式，其他的申请人，应该不止一个，故填applicants。 18．We must stop the ecological system from (destroy) by human activities. 【答案】being destroyed 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我们必须阻止生态系统被人类活动破坏。动名词作宾语，且destroy与the ecological system构成被动关系，应用being done形式。故填being destroyed。 19．Ocean colour varies green to blue, depending on the type and concentration of phytoplankton. 【答案】from 【详解】考查介词。句意：海洋的颜色从绿色到蓝色不等，这取决于浮游植物的种类和浓度。根据“varies”和“green to blue”可知，此处用动词短语vary from A to B表示“在A到B之间变化”。故填from。 20．It is said that since January, goods with dragon-themed elements, such as daily necessities, alcohol and gold jewelry, have been preferred by (consumption). 【答案】consumers 【详解】考查名词。句意：据说自1月以来，带有龙主题元素的商品，如日用品、酒类和黄金首饰，受到了消费者的青睐。“by”是介词，后接名词，“consumption”是“消费”的名词形式，而这里指被消费者喜爱，需用“consumer”（消费者），且消费者不止一个，用复数形式“consumers”，在句中作“by”的宾语。故填consumers。 21．We are delighted at the news that our daughter won the first prize in the English speech (contest). 【答案】contest 【详解】考查名词。句意：听到女儿在英语演讲比赛中获得一等奖的消息，我们感到非常高兴。空处应用名词，作宾语；contest为可数名词，表示“比赛”，根据won the first prize可知，空处应特指一场英语演讲比赛，故应用单数。故填contest。 22．Natural disasters (lead to) food shortages in the 1960s. Yuan Longping (begin) to do research on hybrid rice because of this. Finally, he (develop) a better type of rice. 【答案】 led to began developed 【详解】考查时态。句意：20世纪60年代，自然灾害导致了粮食短缺。袁隆平由此开始了杂交水稻的研究。最后，他培育出一种更好的水稻。三个空均为句子谓语动词；第一空：根据时间状语in the 1960s可知，句子陈述过去的事情，应用一般过去时；第二、三空：结合语境可知，“开始”研究和“培育”更好的水稻都发生在过去，故都用一般过去时。故填led to；began；developed。 23．He was anxious about the coming exam, （glance）at his watch occasionally. 【答案】glancing 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他对即将开始的考试很焦虑，不断地看手表。分析句子可知，glance在句中作伴随状语，与主语He之间为主动关系，应用现在分词。故答案为glancing。 24．The waves struck the beach (constant) and swept away their footprints. 【答案】constantly 【详解】考查副词。句意：海浪不断地拍打着海滩，把他们的脚印冲走了。空格处用副词修饰动词struck，constant的副词是constantly，意为“不断地”，故填constantly。 25．One day, when Tom opened his book, he found a beautiful card (attach) to the first page, giving him best wishes. 【答案】attached 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：有一天，当汤姆打开书的时候，他发现第一页附有一张漂亮的卡片，上面写着对他的祝福。“find+宾语+宾语补足语”为固定用法，空处需填非谓语动词作宾语补足语，a beautiful card和attach为逻辑动宾关系，需用过去分词形式。故填attached。 26．People are (constant) opening doors for me, so this is not unusual. 【答案】constantly 【详解】考查副词。句意：人们不断地为我开门，所以这并不罕见。副词constantly (不断地)作状语，修饰动词open。故填constantly。 27．You can never depend on that he will give you a helping hand. 【答案】it 【详解】考查it作形式宾语。句意：你永远不能指望他会帮助你。此处为depend on it that...，it作形式宾语。故填it。 28．Daily (necessity) and food are sold on the first floor of the large supermarket. 【答案】necessities 【详解】考查名词单复数。句意：大型超市的一楼有日常用品和食品出售。该空作句子主语，用名词。根据句意可知，此处necessity作“必需品”讲，为可数名词。泛指生活必需品时应用复数形式，故填necessities。 29．We should try to use more electricity (generate) by the sun and wind. 【答案】generated 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我们应该尝试更多地使用由太阳能和风能产生的电力。空处作后置定语，修饰名词electricity，需用非谓语动词形式，generate和electricity为逻辑动宾关系，需用过去分词形式。故填generated。 30．Leave him alone. (apparent), he is not in the mood for joking. 【答案】Apparently 【详解】考查副词。句意：让他一个人呆着。显然，他没心情开玩笑。修饰后文句子应用副词apparently，作状语。句首单词首字母要大写。故填Apparently。 31．David is very noisy Katy is rather quiet. 【答案】while 【详解】考查连词。句意：David 很吵，而 Katy 很安静。分析可知，空白前后的句子为并列句，为转折关系，连词while，意为“然而”表示对比，符合题意。故填while。 32．She’s taking a course in a training agency to (sharp) her business skills. 【答案】sharpen 【详解】考查动词。句意：她正在一家培训机构上课，以提高她的商业技能。此处表示目的，应用动词不定式作目的状语，故填sharpen。 33．The farmer and his neighbors decided to establish a (cooperate) farm. 【答案】cooperative 【详解】考查形容词。句意：农民和他的邻居决定建立一个合作农场。设空处修饰名词farm，应用形容词作定语，故填cooperative。 34．It is (legal) to park your car on the freeway. 【答案】illegal 【详解】考查形容词。句意：在高速公路上停车是违法的。空处作表语，用形容词，根据to park your car on the freeway（在高速公路上停车）可知，这是违法行为，用illegal。故填illegal。 35．Ever since the Greens moved to the country a year ago, they (enjoy)better health. 【答案】have been enjoying 【详解】考查时态。句意：自从格林一家一年前搬到美国以来，他们的健康状况就一直在好转。设空处为主句谓语，根据Ever since 引导时间状语从句，可知主句应用现在完成进行时，表示动作从过去开始持续到现在，并且将持续下去，主语they，谓语应用复数形式，故填have been enjoying。 36．You must learn (keep) your balance in skating. 【答案】to keep 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：你必须学会在滑冰中保持平衡。分析句子结构可知，此处应为非谓语动词，固定用法learn to do sth.意为“学会做某事”，所以此处应为不定式形式，且与句子主语之间为主动关系。故填to keep。 37．Beef, for example, is a typical red meat, in contrast white meat, such as chicken meat. 【答案】to/with 【详解】考查介词。句意：例如，牛肉是典型的红肉，与鸡肉等白肉形成鲜明对比。in contrast to/with为固定搭配，意为“与……对比”。故填to/with。 38．I suggest that you (should) take the forms away and read them your leisure. 【答案】at 【详解】考查介词。句意：我建议你把表格拿走，闲暇时再读。根据句意，本题考查固定短语at one’s leisure，意为“在闲暇时”。故填at。 39．A lot of (operate) in this area were disturbed by the new rules. 【答案】operators 【详解】考查名词。句意：这个区域的许多运营商都被新规定所困扰。空处需填名词operator，表示“经营者”，作主语，a lot of修饰名词复数形式。故填operators。 40．The (combine) of a balanced diet and regular exercise is the key to enjoying good health. 【答案】combination 【详解】考查名词。句意：均衡的饮食和有规律的锻炼相结合是身体健康的关键。设空处作主语，用不可数名词combination。故填combination。 41．I feel like (stay) at home on weekends while my sister would like (go) shopping. 【答案】 staying to go 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：周末我想待在家里，而我姐姐想去购物。feel like doing sth.固定搭配，意为“想要做某事”，would like to do固定搭配，意为“想要做某事”，故填staying；to go。 42．This poem as well as the stories (intend)for new generation but they are not well received. 【答案】is intended 【详解】考查固定搭配、时态和主谓一致。句意：这首诗和这些故事都是为新一代准备的，但它们并不受欢迎。分析句子结构可知应填谓语动词的形式，be intended for意为“打算为……所用”，固定搭配，依据句意及句中的are not well received可知此处属于客观陈述，应用一般现在时，as well as意为“和；以及；”连接两个并列成分作主语时，其谓语动词应该和as well as前面的主语保持一致，即就远原则，The poem为单数，所以谓语动词应用一般现在时的单数形式。故填is intended。 43．Anyway, that evening, I’ll tell you more about later, I ended up staying at Rachel’s place. 【答案】which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：不管怎样，那天晚上，我最终住在瑞秋家，稍后我会告诉你更多。分析句子可知，句子为非限制性定语从句，先行词为“that evening”，指事物，在从句中作“about”的宾语，故应用关系代词“which”引导从句。故填which。 44．They spoke in ________（whisper）for fear that they should be heard. 【答案】whispers 【详解】考查名词。句意：他们低声耳语唯恐被人听见。根据句子结构可知，设空处应该填写名词作宾语。根据句意，whisper为可数名词，意为“低语”，此处表示复数意义。故填whispers。 45． is often the case, girls like dolls while boys like guns. 【答案】As 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：像往常情况一样，女孩喜欢洋娃娃而男孩喜欢枪。分析句子结构，设空处引导非限制性定语从句，从句缺少主语，引导词指代整个主句，意为“正如”，需用关系代词as引导，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填As。 46．They usually start at half the pay of a journeyman, and the pay increases gradually as they move further along in the job and studies. 【答案】out 【详解】考查固定短语。句意：他们的起薪通常只有熟练工的一半，随着工作和学习的推进，工资会逐渐增加。根据句意“开始”和空前的“start”可知，此处为动词短语start out。故填out。 47．By last year, approximately 700 endangered marine species (affect)by the plastic pollution. 【答案】had been affected 【详解】考查动词的时态和语态。句意：截至去年，约有700种濒危海洋物种受到塑料污染的影响。分析句意可知，affect和主语species之间是被动关系，根据时间状语By last year可知，此处应为过去完成时，表示过去某时间前已经完成的动作，因此本句用过去完成时的被动语态。故填had been affected。 48．The man hid himself behind a post, from he carefully watched a tall building across the street. 【答案】where 【详解】考查关系副词。句意：那个人躲在一根柱子后面，仔细地观察着街对面的一栋高楼。分析句子可知，post是先行词，在定语从句中做地点状语。故填where 。 49．It is hoped you can learn a lesson from this accident. 【答案】that 【详解】考查名词性从句。句意：希望你能从这次事故中吸取教训。此处考查it作形式主语，that引导真正的主语从句，故填that。 50．There will still be lots of challenges if we are (classify)garbage in a short time. 【答案】to classify 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我们如果要在短时间内对垃圾进行分类，仍然会有很多挑战。分析句子结构可知，此处用不定式作表语，表示将要发生的动作。故填to classify。 51．Mr Wang is an person who often us with stories. So staying with him is really a kind of (amuse) 【答案】 amusing amuses amusing amusement 【详解】考查形容词、动词和名词。句意：王先生是个有趣的人，经常讲有趣的故事逗我们开心。所以和他呆在一起真的是一种愉悦。第一个空格处作定语，修饰后面的名词person，且意义为“有趣的”，用形容词amusing；第二个空格处是定语从句的谓语，描述客观情况，用一般现在时，与先行词person保持数的一致，用三单形式amuses；第三个空格处作定语，修饰后面的名词stories，且意义为“有趣的”，用形容词amusing；第四个空格处作介词of的宾语，且意义为“娱乐”，应该用不可数名词amusement。故填amusing；amuses；amusing；amusement。 52．There are still millions of people (suffer) from hunger nowadays. 【答案】suffering 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：现在仍有成千上万在挨饿的人们。分析句子结构可知suffer在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语people构成主动关系，故应用现在分词作定语。故填suffering。 53．Maryland took the top spot in the ranking’s education category, (place) first among its peers for lower gender disparities in math and (read) scores for eighth graders, and third among them for four-year public college graduation rates. 【答案】 placing reading 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：马里兰州在教育类排行榜上名列榜首，在八年级男女生的数学和阅读成绩方面差异较小，名列第一，在四年制公立大学毕业率方面名列第三。分析句式结构可知，第一空格处是非谓语动词作状语，因为place和主语Maryland之间是主动关系，所以第一空格处用现在分词作伴随状语；再根据第二空格后的名词scores可知，此处用提示词的动名词形式reading作定语。故答案为①placing；②reading。 54．We would resist any armed (intervene) from outside in our country’s affairs. 【答案】intervention 【详解】考查名词。句意：我们将抵制外来对我国事务的任何武装干预。此处作resist的宾语，应用名词。故填intervention。 55．This saying (associate) with the German-born architect Mies van der Rohe. 【答案】is associated 【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：这个格言与德国出生的建筑师密斯·凡·德罗有关。句子陈述事实，用一般现在时，主语This saying和associate之间是被动关系，用一般现在时的被动语态，即短语be associated with，意为“与……有关”，主语This saying是第三人称单数，be动词使用is。故填is associated。 56．She sticks to a diet (consist) mainly of vegetables. 【答案】consisting 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：她坚持以蔬菜为主的饮食。分析句子结构可知，已有谓语动词sticks to，空处需填非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰名词diet，二者为逻辑主谓关系，需用现在分词形式。故填consisting。 57．They continued (talk) after the meal. 【答案】talking/to talk 【详解】考查动词短语。句意：饭后他们继续谈话。根据句意可知，此处为动词短语continue doing/to do sth“继续做某事”，满足句意要求。故填talking/ to talk。 58．There was a time when the challenges of writing such a huge novel almost (defeat) her. 【答案】defeated 【详解】考查时态。句意：曾经有一段时间，写这样一部巨著的挑战几乎把她打败了。分析句子可知，when引导限制性定语从句修饰先行词time，从句谓语动词defeat“打败，战胜”。根据主句的时态可知，空处应用一般过去时。故填defeated。 59．Fast pace is now becoming one of the typical (character) of urban life. 【答案】characteristics 【详解】考查名词。句意：快节奏正在成为城市生活的典型特征之一。分析句子，设空处在one of后使用复数名词作宾语。表示“特点”用characteristic。故填characteristics。 60．He that everyone would burst out laughing when he finished his joke, but beyond his nobody laughed. (expect) 【答案】 expected expectations 【详解】考查时态和名词。句意：他原以为他讲完笑话后大家都会哈哈大笑，但出乎他的意料，没有人笑。结合宾语从句中would burst可知主句使用一般过去时，第一空使用动词过去式expected；第二空应填名词作beyond的宾语，expectation是可数名词，使用复数形式表示泛指。故填①expected②expectations。 61． is often the case, he was fined because he didn’t limit his speed. 【答案】As 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：像往常一样，他被罚款了，因为他没有限制他的速度。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是后面整个句子，在从句中作主语，且此处表示“正如......”，应用关系词as，单词位于句首，首字母大写，故填As。 62．My car (clean) by my son at ten yesterday morning. 【答案】was being cleaned 【详解】考查动词的时态和语态。句意：昨天早上十点，我儿子正在清洗我的汽车。根据时间状语“at ten yesterday morning”可知，此处应用过去进行时，表示过去在某个时间点正在发生或进行的动作。主语my car与动词clean构成被动关系，所以应用被动语态。故此处用过去进行时的被动语态，主语是单数。故填was being cleaned。 63．The editor (edit)the article for three hours before it was published. 【答案】had edited/had been editing 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：这篇文章发表前，这个编辑编辑了三个小时。分析句子可知，此处应用动词作谓语，结合语意可知，此处意为“编辑了”，根据before一词以及时间状语for three hours可知，主句动作发生在从句动作前，故空处可用过去完成时或过去完成进行时，故空处应用had edited或had been editing。 64．It is very kind of you (assist) me to clean the dusty shelf. 【答案】to assist 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：你真好，帮我打扫满是灰尘的架子。“It is + adj. + of sb. to do sth.”为固定句型，描述某人的性格品质，空处应填动词不定式to assist作真正的主语，It作形式主语。故填to assist。 65．He passed the driving test at his first attempt, made him excited. 【答案】which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他第一次尝试就通过了驾驶考试，这使他很兴奋。分析句子可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面的句子，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which。故填which。 66．He hates when I call him at work. He’s always too busy (carry) on a conversation with me. 【答案】to carry 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他讨厌我上班时给他打电话。他总是太忙，没有时间和我进行交谈。too+形容词+to do结构意为“太……而不能做某事”，空处应用动词不定式形式。故填to carry。 67．Some people live with their (elder) parents; many more adult children are returning to the family home, if they ever left. 【答案】elderly 【详解】考查形容词。句意：有些人与年迈的父母住在一起；越来越多的成年子女正在返回他们的家，如果他们曾离开过的话。分析句子可知，空处是修饰parents的定语，应用形容词。结合句意和“many more adult children”可知，此处表示“年迈的父母”，elderly意为“年迈的”。故填elderly。 68．He (learn) maths all by himself by the age of fourteen. 【答案】had learned 【详解】考查时态。句意：到十四岁时，他就已经自学了数学。“学习数学”发生在十四岁之前，即：过去的过去，所以该句应用过去完成时态。故填had learned。 69．Wolfgang’s (emphasise) on developing positive leadership kept his managers actively involved and loyal as they successfully transformed the company into a global one. 【答案】emphasis 【详解】考查名词。句意：沃尔夫冈对发展积极领导力的重视使他的经理们积极参与并忠诚地将公司成功转型为一家全球性公司。设空处在句中作主语，且前有所有格形式的名词Wolfgang’s修饰，所以设空处应为名词形式。结合所给动词emphasise“强调”，此空应填emphasis“强调”。故填emphasis。 70．Without (hesitate),I decided to follow them and we did enjoy ourselves that day. 【答案】hesitation 【详解】考查名词。句意：我毫不犹豫地决定跟着他们，那天我们确实玩得很开心。without hesitation毫不犹豫。介词without后接名词形式。根据句意，故填hesitation。 71．The children waited patiently in ________ (expect) of the magician. 【答案】expectation 【详解】考查名词。句意：孩子们耐心地等待着魔术师的到来。根据句子结构可知，设空处应该填写名词作宾语。根据句意，expect为动词，意为“期待”，其名词expectation意为“期待”，符合句意。故填expectation。 72．Sports stars like those in NBA contribute to the national (economic) by benefiting the sports industry as well as the advertising industry. 【答案】economy 【详解】考查名词。句意：像NBA这样的体育明星通过使体育产业和广告业受益，为国民经济做出了贡献。空前有the national，修饰名词economy，意为“经济”，作动词contribute to的宾语。故填economy。 73．In much of the animal world，night is the time set for sleep—pure and simple. 【答案】aside 【详解】考查固定短语。句意：在大多数动物世界里，夜晚是专门用来睡觉的时间——纯粹而简单。根据句意表示“专门留出时间做”可知短语为set aside for。故填aside。 74． everyone knows, China is a beautiful country with a long history. 【答案】As 【详解】考查定语从句关系代词。句意：众所周知，中国是一个有着悠久历史的美丽国家。分析句子可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，代替主句“China is a beautiful country with a long history”，在从句中作主语，且从句在主句之前，故应用关系代词as“正如”；句首字母大写。故填As。 75．Smart toilets (keep) constant track of your health as well. 【答案】 will be keeping 【详解】考查时态。句意：智能厕所也会随时记录你的健康状况。这里表示将来某一时间正在进行的动作，智能厕所是将来会有的东西，故填will be keeping。 76．As (indicate) in the survey, more and more people choose to travel abroad. 【答案】is indicated 【详解】考查非限制性定语从句。句意：调查表明，越来越多的人选择出国旅游。more and more people choose to travel abroad是主句，推出逗号前面应该是从句，因此句中as必须是连词以使之引导从句，结合句意以及动词indicate与逻辑主语之间是被动关系，且表示一般情况。故填is indicated。 77．I wish to (expression) my delight on this occasion. 【答案】express 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我希望借此机会表达我的喜悦。wish to do sth.希望做某事，不定式后面接动词原形，故填express。 78．I was caught in a traffic jam for over an hour, otherwise I wouldn't have kept you （wait）for such a long time. 【答案】waiting 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我因为交通堵塞被困了一个多小时，否则我就不会让你等这么久了。keep sb doing sth意为“使某人一直做某事”。句型中doing作宾补成分。故填waiting。 79．As an old saying goes,“A wise man is always （seize）the chance and turning it into success.” 【答案】seizing 【详解】考查动词。句意：正如一句老话所说:“一个明智的人总是抓住机会并把它变成成功。”分析句子，设空处应该填写动词作谓语，句子表述的是正在发生的动作，故使用现在进行时。故填seizing。 80．In such circumstances, information itself can lead market failures. 【答案】to 【详解】考查固定搭配。句意：在这种情况下，信息本身可能导致市场失灵。根据空格前lead可知此处考查短语lead to“导致”。故填to。 二、语法填空题:在空格处填入1个适当的单词或用所给单词的适当形式填空 Passage 1 In the workshop of a brush-pen store in Huzhou, Shi Wangli makes traditional Chinese brush-pens. Her hands are immersed (浸泡) in water for at 1 (little) eight hours a day, in 2 summer and winter. The choice of the hairs in steps of making a quality brush-pen is of great 3 (important) and the work she does cannot be performed 4 a machine. It is a difficult but meaningful job. She is the youngest brush-pen technician in Huzhou. The manager of the store says he is worried the thousand-year-old technique for making the Huzhou brush-pen used in calligraphy (书法) will be lost with few young people 5 (will) to learn it. In Chinese history, brush-pen is an essential (基本的) tool for cultural inheritance (传承). However, with the rapid progress of modern technology, brush-pens 6 (replace) firstly by pens, then ballpoint pens and now keyboards. The Ministry of Education required elementary and middle schools to start calligraphy classes 7 (protect) the Chinese traditional culture. There is a general 8 (believe) that brush-pen making should be regarded as a technique 9 represents Chinese culture. People should get to know the meanings and thoughts behind these traditional 10 (technique). 【答案】 1. least 2. both 3. importance 4. by 5. willing 6. were replaced 7. to protect 8. belief 9. that/which 10. techniques 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了制造毛笔的传统技艺，并呼吁人们重视这项中国的传统技艺。 1. 考查固定短语。句意：在夏天和冬天，她的手每天都要在水中浸泡至少八个小时。分析句子可知，句中涉及固定短语“at least”，意为“至少”，“least”为“little”的最高级。故填least。 2. 考查固定短语。句意：在夏天和冬天，她的手每天都要在水中浸泡至少八个小时。分析句子可知，句中涉及固定短语“both…and…”，意为“……和……都”，故空格处应用“both”。故填both。 3. 考查名词。句意：在制作优质毛笔的步骤中，笔毛的选择非常重要，她所做的工作不能由机器完成。分析句子可知，空格处应用名词，作介词“of”的宾语，“important”为形容词，对应的名词为“importance”，意为“重要，重要性”，为不可数名词，“be of great importance”意为“非常重要”。故填importance。 4. 考查介词。句意：在制作优质毛笔的步骤中，笔毛的选择非常重要，她所做的工作不能由机器完成。分析句子可知，句子为情态动词的被动语态，根据句意可知，空格处应用介词“by”，意为“由，被”。故填by。 5. 考查形容词。句意：这家商店的经理说，他担心有千年历史的湖州书法毛笔制作技术会消失，因为很少有年轻人愿意学习。分析句子可知，句中涉及“with的复合结构”，“be willing to do sth.”意为“愿意做某事”，空格处应用“willing”作宾补，意为“愿意的”，形容词词性，表示状态。故填willing。 6. 考查时态和语态。句意：然而，随着现代技术的快速进步，毛笔首先被钢笔取代，然后是圆珠笔，现在是键盘。分析句子可知，“毛笔被钢笔取代”是发生在过去的事，句子应用一般过去时，“replace”意为“取代”，动词词性，“brush-pens”和“replace”为被动关系，故句子应用一般过去时的被动语态，“brush-pens”与“were”连用，“replace”的过去分词为“replaced”，故空格处应填“were replaced”。故填were replaced。 7. 考查非谓语动词。句意：教育部要求中小学开设书法课，以保护中国传统文化。分析句子可知，句中有谓语动词“required”，故空格处应用非谓语动词，“保护中国传统文化”是“教育部要求中小学开设书法课”的目的，故空格处应用不定式作目的状语，“protect”意为“保护”，动词词性，故空格处应填“to protect”。故填to protect。 8. 考查名词。句意：人们普遍认为，毛笔制作应该被视为代表中国文化的一种技术。分析句子可知，不定冠词“a”后应用名词，在句中作主语，“believe”意为“相信”，动词词性，对应的名词为“belief”，意为“看法，相信”，不定冠词“a”后接可数名词单数。故填belief。 9. 考查定语从句。句意：人们普遍认为，毛笔制作应该被视为代表中国文化的一种技术。分析句子可知，句子为限制性定语从句，先行词为“technique”，指物，在从句中作主语，故应用关系代词“that”或“which”引导从句。故填that/which。 10. 考查名词。句意：人们应该了解这些传统技艺背后的含义和思想。分析句子可知，空格处应用名词，作介词“behind”的宾语，“technique”意为“技艺”，为可数名词，“these”后接可数名词复数，“technique”的复数形式为“techniques”。故填techniques。 Passage 2 If you want to make your body more flexible, try balancing on a bamboo pole! Single bamboo drifting (漂流) is 1 unique sport and a cultural heritage of people setting in Guizhou, China. The sport is a custom that has been passed down from generation to generation of the people there and it 2 (include) in the sports events for the first time at the 9th National Minority Traditional Sports Games in 2011. Local middle school students enjoy 3 (practice) the sport. Many adults, including the old, also take part in the sport. This activity attracts many tourists from outside of Guizhou every year. During the activity, players will dress up 4 traditional clothing and move forward on a bamboo pole in the water, 5 is fun to watch. The requirements of the sport are simple but 6 (challenge)! Athletes have to balance on a narrow bamboo pole 7 carefully drive it down the river with a thin stick. During the 8 (compete), the athletes will give special performances. Jumping and push-ups are some of the most common, but the more experienced ones often use their imagination to experiment more. Single bamboo drifting 9 (have) origins reportedly going back to China’s ethnic minorities which are from the Red River Basin. If you visit Guizhou and enjoy the sport, 10 (probable) the culture will impress you! 【答案】 1. a 2. was included 3. practicing 4. in 5. which 6. challenging 7. and 8. competition 9. has 10. probably 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了独竹漂这一项运动。 1. 考查不定冠词。句意：独竹漂是中国贵州人民独特的体育运动和文化遗产。根据下文“a cultural heritage”可知，此处表示“一项独特的运动”，所以用不定冠词，unique是以辅音音素开头。故填a。 2. 考查时态语态。句意：这项运动是当地人民代代相传的习俗，在2011年第九届全国少数民族传统体育运动会上首次被列入体育项目。此处为句子谓语，根据时间状语“in 2011”可知，句子陈述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。主语it与include为动宾关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为第三人称单数，be动词用was。故填was included。 3. 考查非谓语动词。句意：当地的中学生喜欢练习这项运动。enjoy doing译为“喜欢做某事”，enjoy后跟动名词形式作宾语。故填practicing。 4. 考查介词。句意：在活动中，玩家们会穿着传统服装，在水中踩着竹竿向前移动，非常有趣。固定搭配“dress up in+服装”译为“穿着……装扮”。故填in。 5. 考查定语从句。句意同上。此处为非限制性定语从句，先行词为前一句话，所以用关系代词which引导非限制性定语从句。故填which。 6. 考查形容词。句意：这项运动的要求很简单，但很有挑战性！根据空格前的simple可知，此处填入形容词challenging“具有挑战性的”作表语。故填challenging。 7. 考查连词。句意：运动员必须在一根狭窄的竹竿上保持平衡，然后用一根细棍小心翼翼地将竹竿推向下游。根据空前“balance on a narrow bamboo pole”和空后“drive it down the river”可知，空处前后两个连续的动作或任务，此处表示递进、顺承关系，所以用并列连词and。故填and。 8. 考查名词。句意：比赛期间，运动员将进行特别表演。根据空格前的the可知，空处应填入名词competition“比赛”作宾语。故填competition。 9. 考查时态。句意：据报道，单竹漂流的起源可以追溯到中国红河流域的少数民族。空处是句子的谓语动词，陈述客观事实用一般现在时，主语Single bamboo drifting为第三人称单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填has。 10. 考查副词。句意：如果你到贵州来享受这项运动，那里的文化可能会给你留下深刻的印象！根据句意可知，空处修饰整个句子“the culture will impress you”，应用副词形式，作状语。故填probably。 Passage 3 A smart home is one that 1 (integrate) computers into the structure of the building 2 (it). In this way, many of the things, 3 we now do ourselves will become automatic. For example, the smart home could control the air conditioning and lights that you would no 4 (long) have to switch on and off, 5 (make) your home more energy-efficient. Your home will also learn your 6 (day) routine and preferences, so everything will be ready 7 you when you get home each evening. All controls will respond to voice commands, so if you want 8 (change) your routine, you just say aloud what you want and the home system will obey. The smart home could also monitor itself to make sure that everything is working as it should, and send you a 9 (warn) if there is a problem. Such smart homes could even be programmed to detect your health problems, and then give you relevant advice as to the food you should eat 10 if you should see a doctor. Smarts home can also prevent us from disasters. So, in a sense, smart homes will lead us to living smarter lives. 【答案】 1. integrates 2. itself 3. which 4. longer 5. making 6. daily 7. for 8. to change 9. warning 10. or 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了未来的智能家居。 1. 考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：智能家居是一种将计算机集成到建筑本身结构中的家居。分析句子可知，此处为关系代词that引导定语从句中谓语动词的填入，先行词one为单数意义代词，结合主句动词is可知，该句应为一般现在时。故填integrates。 2. 考查代词。句意：智能家居是一种将计算机集成到建筑本身结构中的家居。分析句子可知，此处指代的是the building，所以用反身代词itself。故填itself。 3. 考查定语从句。句意：通过这种方式，我们现在自己做的许多事情将变得自动化。分析句子可知，此处为关系代词which引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词many of the things在从句中作宾语成分。故填which。 4. 考查固定搭配。句意：例如，智能家居可以控制空调和灯，你不再需要打开和关闭，使你的家更节能。根据句意可知，此处为固定搭配no longer“不再”，满足句意要求。故填longer。 5. 考查非谓语动词。句意：例如，智能家居可以控制空调和灯，你不再需要打开和关闭，使你的家更节能。分析句子可知，此处为非谓语动词作结果状语，动词make和前面整句话为主动关系，所以为现在分词形式。故填making。 6. 考查形容词。句意：你的家也会了解你的日常生活和喜好，所以当你每天晚上回家时，一切都会为你准备好。由空后routine为名词可知，此处为形容词作定语修饰该名词。故填daily。 7. 考查介词。句意：你的家也会了解你的日常生活和喜好，所以当你每天晚上回家时，一切都会为你准备好。分析句子可知，此处为固定短语be ready for“为……做好准备”，满足句意要求，所以此处为介词for的填入。故填for。 8. 考查动词不定式。句意：所有的控制都会响应语音命令，所以如果你想改变你的日常生活，你只要大声说出你想要什么，家庭系统就会服从。分析句子可知，此处为动词短语want to do sth“想要做某事”，所以此处为动词不定式作宾语成分。故填to change。 9. 考查名词。句意：智能家居还可以自我监控，确保一切正常工作，如果出现问题，还会向你发出警告。由空前a为不定冠词可知，此处为单数名词形式。故填warning。 10. 考查连词。句意：这样的智能家居甚至可以被编程来检测你的健康问题，然后给你相关的建议，比如你应该吃什么，或者你是否应该去看医生。根据上下句句意可知，此处为连词or表示选择，意为“或者”，满足句意要求。故填or。 Passage 4 If we take a close look 1 successful people we can always see that they are usually not those 2 never failed at all in their life. In fact, some of the most successful people in this world we have heard of 3 （start）out poorly, and actually they have failed many times. There are many great 4 （fail）that famous people met with. For example, one of the 5 （famous）basketball players of all time, Michael Jordan, was just an ordinary person before 6 （join） the NBA and he was even cut out from his school basketball team because they said he was “lack of skill”. Albert Einstein, one of the greatest scientists in history, was thought as 7 （mental） retarded（迟钝的） when he was young. He didn't speak until he turned four and didn't read until he was seven. 8 poor were his grades in school that his teacher finally asked him to quit school. When 9 （trap） in the adversity, don't complain, Successful people accept the adversity as 10 important part of life and never put the blame on others. 【答案】 1. at 2. who 3. started 4. failures 5. most famous 6. joining 7. mentally 8. So 9. trapped 10. an 【分析】本文是一篇议论文，作者通过文章鼓励我们，要成功，就要学会接受逆境，勇于拼搏。 1. 考查介词。句意：如果我们仔细看一看成功的人，我们总是可以发现，他们通常不是那些在生活中从来没有失败过的人。take a close look at近距离地观看，固定短语。故填at。 2. 考查定语从句。句意：如果我们仔细看一看成功的人，我们总是可以发现，他们通常不是那些在生活中从来没有失败过的人。________never failed at all in their life该句为定语从句，修饰先行词 those，those指代人，应该用who引导定语从句。故填who。 3. 考查时态。句意：事实上，我们听说过的世界上一些最成功的人一开始都很糟糕，实际上他们失败过很多次。该句主语为 some of the most successful people，且讲述的是过去的事情，应该用一般过去时。故填started。 4. 考查名词。句意：名人遇到过很多伟大的失败。空格前的many修饰可数名词的复数形式。所以该用fail的名词复数形式，故填failures。 5. 考查最高级。句意：历史上最著名的篮球运动员之一，迈克尔乔丹。根据句意以及后文的of all time表明此处形容词应使用最高级。故填most famous。 6. 考查非谓语动词。句意：迈克尔·乔丹，在加入NBA之前只是一个普通人，他甚至被学校篮球队除名，因为他们说他缺乏技能。介词 before后应接动名词作宾语。故填joining。 7. 考查副词。句意：阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦，历史上最伟大的科学家之一，在他年轻的时候被认为智力迟钝。副词修饰形容词retarded。故填mentally。 8. 考查倒装句。句意：他在学校的成绩太差，所以最后他的老师让他退学。由空格后的were his grades以及that可知该句为倒装句。正常语序应为his grades were________ poor in school that his teacher finally asked him to quit school其中固定搭配为so……that….. 太…所以。故填So。 9. 考查非谓语动词。句意：当陷入逆境时，不要抱怨，成功的人把逆境当作人生重要的一部分，从不埋怨别人。空格处与其逻辑主语you之间为被动关系，应该用过去分词。故填trapped。 10. 考查冠词。句意：当陷入逆境时，不要抱怨，成功的人把逆境当作人生重要的一部分，从不埋怨别人。由句意“人生重要的一部分”可知，此处用不定冠词，又因为important 的读音以元音音素开头，故填an。 Passage 5 Over a year ago, before Ke Jie, one of China’s and the world’s best Go(围棋) players, battled with AlphaGo, the artificial intelligence (AI) machine 1 (develop) by Google’s Deepmind team, he was 2 (confidence) that he would win-----even though the program 3 (defeat) top ROK Go player Lee SE-dol only two months before. But then 19-year-old Ke lost. In an interview with CGTN after the match, he admitted, “AlphaGo can see the whole universe of Go, but I can only see a small pond in my backyard,” Ke said. “So, please, let 4 explore the universe, but let me play in my own backyard.” His 5 (fail) against the AI program didn’t get him discouraged, but made him a better player. He recognized 6 set human beings and intelligent machines apart was the ability of humans to enjoy the game. Ke set about 7 (update) his Go skill, and since then he has been unbeatable. The proof came at last year’s national league(联赛) of Go 8 he effortlessly defeated his old rival(对手) Chen Yaoye, 29. Only a few days before that, Ke had won the 23rd Samsung Cup, becoming the 9 (young) Go player to win six international championships. Today’s Ke, 10 a Go player, is trying to be the best player he humanly can. 【答案】 1. developed 2. confident 3. had defeated 4. it 5. failure 6. what 7. updating 8. where 9. youngest 10. as 【分析】本文是记叙文。讲述了中国和世界最好的围棋队员之一柯洁与人工智能机AlphaGo比赛失败后，努力提高自己的围棋技术，成为了六次赢得国际围棋锦标赛的最年轻围棋选手。 1. 考查过去分词。句意：中国和世界最好的围棋队员之一柯洁与由谷歌Deepmind团队开发的人工智能机AlphaGo比赛一年前，他相信他会赢。句子主干是he was confident that he would win.所以空处用非谓语。句中machine和动词develop是被动关系，用过去分词作定语。故填developed。 2. 考查形容词。句意：中国和世界最好的围棋队员之一柯洁与由谷歌Deepmind团队开发的人工智能机AlphaGo比赛一年前，他相信他会赢。此处作表语用形容词，故填confident。 3. 考查动词时态。句意：尽管仅在两个月前，该项目刚刚击败了韩国顶级围棋选手李世石。根据时间状语Over a year ago和给出的动词was可知是一般过去时态，two months before发生在过去的过去，应该用过去完成时。故填had defeated。 4. 考查代词。句意：所以，请让它探索宇宙，让我在自己的后院玩耍。根据上句AlphaGo can see the whole universe of Go可知此处指代AlphaGo用it，故填it。 5. 考查名词。句意：他对抗人工智能程序的失败并没有让他气馁，却让他成为了一名更好的选手。此处作主语由His修饰用名词，故填failure。 6. 考查主语从句的引导词。句意：他认识到人类与智能机器的区别在于人类享受游戏的能力。动词recognized后是宾语从句，其中　　6　　 set human beings and intelligent machines apart又是主语从句，主语从句中缺少主语，指“……的东西”用what引导，故填what。 7. 考查非谓语动词。句意：柯洁开始提高自己的围棋技术，从那时起，他一直是不可战胜的。“开始做某事”是set about doing sth. set about后用动名词作宾语，故填updating。 8. 考查定语从句。句意：去年的全国围棋联赛证明了这一点，他毫不费力地击败了他的老对手29岁的陈耀烨。句中包含定语从句，先行词是national league of Go，在定语从句中作地点状语，用关系副词where引导定语从句。故填where。 9. 考查形容词最高级。句意：就在几天前，柯洁还赢得了第23届三星杯，成为六次赢得国际围棋锦标赛的最年轻围棋选手。修饰player且由the限定可知用最高级，故填youngest。 10. 考查介词。句意：今天的柯洁，作为一名围棋手，正在努力成为人类最好的围棋手。此处表示“作为”，故填as。 20 / 20 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $