预知新课 语法学习一 动词-ing形式作定语和表语-【步步维赢·优练必刷】2025-2026学年高一英语寒假作业

第二部分 预知新课—迎战下一学期 语法学习一 动词-ing形式作定语和表语 一、动词-ing形式作定语 The ground is covered with fallen leaves. 动名词和现在分词都可以作定语，但 地上满是落叶。 有所区别。 I'm looking for a room to live in. 1.动名词作定语表示被修饰词的某种性 我正在找房子住。 能或用途，相当于for引导的介词短语。 [即时演练1] No one is allowed to speak aloud in the (1)一句多译 reading room. 正与老师谈话的那个人是我们班长的 阅览室里不准大声说话。 父亲。 2.现在分词作定语时，它和被修饰词之间 →The man is our 有逻辑上的主动关系，表示所修饰词进 monitor's father. 行的动作，相当于一个定语从句。 >The man is our The boy playing football on the play- monitor's father. ground is my younger brother. (2)用所给词的适当形式填空 -The boy that/who is playing football on ①Our school went on an (or- the playground is my younger brother. ganize)trip last week. 在操场上踢足球的那个男孩是我的弟弟。 2I can't go with you,for I have a lot of 3.现在分词、过去分词和不定式作定语的 work (do). 一般区别：现在分词表示正在进行或习 3There's a note pinned to the door 惯性的动作；过去分词表示被动或完成 (say)when the shop will open again. 意义；不定式表示动作尚未发生。 二、动词-ing形式作表语 You should adapt to the changing situation. 作表语的动词-ing形式包括现在分词和 你应该适应不断变化的形势。 动名词。 ·43 1.现在分词作表语往往具有形容词的性 Her job is keeping the lecture hall as 质，说明主语的性质、特征等。作表语 clean as possible. 的现在分词，许多是由能够表示人们某 =Keeping the lecture hall as clean as 种感情或情绪的动词变化而来的。常 possible is her job. 见的有：moving,interesting,encoura 她的工作是尽量使报告厅保持干净。 ging,exciting,inspiring,boring,sur- [即时演练2] prising,puzzling,amusing,astonish- (1)试判断下列句中动词-ing形式的 ing..这类分词有“令人…的”的含 类型： 义，常修饰物。 A.动名词 B.现在分词 The argument is very convincing. DMy hobby is collecting stamps. 这个论点很令人信服。 2What you said is really inspiring. He remained standing beside the table. 他依然站在桌旁。 3What I am tired of is waiting here alone. [名师点津]不定式和动词-ed形式也可 作表语，但不定式通常强调一次性的、具 (2)对比翻译 体的、将要发生的动作，动词-ed形式则表 ①他的工作是粉刷墙。 示被动、完成含义。 His job is 2.动名词作表语多表示抽象性的或习惯 ②他的工作是粉刷这面墙。 性的动作，一般说明主语的内容。 His job is ·44·l.was考查主谓一致和动词时态。主语为动名 词，所以谓语用第三人称单数。 2.whose考查定语从句。先行词为人，在定语从 句中作定语，所以用whose引导。 3.studying考查动名词。devote oneself to doing sh.意为“致力于做某事”。 4.grades考查名词。根据句意可知，我们必须努 力学习，取得好成绩。grade作为名词“成绩、等 级”讲是可数的，所以答案填grades。 5.as考查连词。表示“随着”，用连词as引导时间 状语从句。 6.reading考查动名词。spend time(in)doing sth. 意为“花费时间做某事”。 7.usually考查副词。修饰动词用副词。 8.where考查定语从句。先行词为地，点名词，在 定语从句中作地，点状语，所以用where引导。 9.of考查固定搭配。free of charge意为“免费”。 10.lucky考查形容词。作表语，所以用形容词。 Ⅲ.写作 【参考范文】 Recently,we had a discussion about surfing the Internet.Students have different opinions. Most students think it costs a lot of money and it is a waste of time surfing the Internet in the bar.They have found many students get on- line only to play computer games.There are even one or two students who are often absent from school for days to spend time on the Internet. ·6 On the other hand,a few students think we can go online at home in our spare time be- cause we can get the newest information both at home and abroad through the Internet.And it is a most convenient way for us to communicate with each other.In a word,the Internet makes our lives outside class colorful. 第二部分预知新课—一迎战下一学期 语法学习一 动词-ing形式作定语和表语 即时演练1 (1)speaking to the teacher who is speaking to the teacher (2)①organized②todo③saying 即时演练2 (1)①A②B③A(2)①painting walls ②to paint the wall 语法学习二 动词-ing形式（现在分词）作宾语补足语和状语 即时演练1 1.playing 2.trying 3.were kept waiting 4.was seen to put 即时演练2 ①Turning around②waiting for the bus ③Being ill④listen meet⑤staring at the night sky 6Being too old