预知新课 语法学习二 动词-ing形式(现在分词) 作宾语补足语和状语-【步步维赢·优练必刷】2025-2026学年高一英语寒假作业

语法学习二 动词-ing形式（现在分词）作宾语补足语和状语 一、动词-ing形式作宾语补足语（现在分词） I'm sorry to have kept you waiting. 1.动词-ing形式作宾语补足语常放在宾 I can't get the clock going again. 语后面，表示一个正在发生进行的动作 [名师点津]感官动词see,hear,feel, 或一种状态。如： watch等动词之后用现在分词和动词 When we returned,we found a stran- 不定式作宾语补足语的区别： ger standing at the gate.当我们回来时， 现在分词做宾补表示动作正在进行，是 发现一个陌生人站在大门口。 动作的部分过程；不定式做宾补表示动 I found a bag lying on the ground. 作的全过程，暗示动作已经结束。 我发现地板上放着一个包。 I saw the thief getting on the train [提醒] 我看见那贼正在上火车。（看见的只是 当主句转换为被动结构时，原来作宾语 “上车”动作的一部分) 补足语的动词-ing形式便转换为主语 I saw the thief get on the train and dis appeared. 补足语。如： 我看见那贼上了火车，消失了。（看见 They found the result very satisfying. “上车”这个动作结束了) -The result is found very satisfying. [即时演练1]单句语法填空/句型转换 这个结果很令人满意。 1.He was last seen (play)by 2.能用-ing形式作宾语补足语的几类 the river. 动词： 2.When I entered the room,I saw him (1)表示感觉和心理状态的动词（感官 (try)on the new cost. 动词)，常见的有see,hear,feel,smell 3.They kept us waiting for a whole hour. taste,find,notice,observe,look at,lis- (变为被动) ten to等。如： >We for a whole hour. We saw a light burning in the window. 4.I saw him put on his coat and walk out. I felt somebody patting me on the (变为被动) shoulder. >He on his coat and Can you smell anything burning? walk out. I didn't notice him waiting. 二、现在分词作状语的用法 (2)表示指使意义的动词（使役动词）， 现在分词（短语）在句中作状语用来 常见的有make,have,set,keep,get, 修饰谓语动词或整个句子，表示动作发生 catch,leave等。如： 的时间、原因、条件、结果、方式、让步或伴 I won't have you doing that. 随状况。 ·45· 1.作时间状语 -As I nervously face challenges,I 现在分词作时间状语时，常放在句首， know I will whisper to myself the two 相当于一个时间状语从句。 simple words'“Be yourself” Hearing the noise,I turned round. 当我紧张地面对挑战的时候，我知道我 =When I heard the noise,I turned 将对自己小声说这两个简单的词“做你 round. 自己”。 听到响声我转过身去。 [即时演练2]句型转换/补全句子 2.作原因状语 DWhen she turned around,she saw a car 现在分词作原因状语时，相当于一个原 driving up. 因状语从句，也可以放在句首。 she saw a car Being poor,he couldn't afford a TV set. driving up. =Because he was poor,he couldn't afford a 2 They stood there and waited for TV set. the bus. 由于贫穷，他买不起一台电视机。 →They stood there, 3.作条件状语 3As he was ill,he couldn't attend the 现在分词作条件状语时，相当于一个f meeting. 引导的条件状语从句。 he couldn't attend the Working hard,you'll certainly succeed. meeting. -If you work hard,you'll certainly 4On the last day of our week-long stay, we were invited to attend a private con- succeed. cert on a beautiful farm on the North 只要努力学习，你肯定会成功的。 4.作让步、方式和伴随状语 Shore under the stars,listening to musi- 现在分词作让步、方式和伴随状语时， cians and meeting interesting locals. 说明动作发生的背景和情况。作伴随 >On the last day of our week-long stay, we were invited to attend a private con- 状语时，表示分词的动作和主句的动作 cert on a beautiful farm on the North 同时发生，此时它可转换成并列句。 Shore under the stars, to Mary sat by the window of the class- musicians and interesting room,reading a book. locals. -Mary sat by the window of the class- 5There is no greater pleasure than lying room and was reading a book. on my back in the middle of the grass- 玛丽坐在教室的窗边读一本书。 land, .(凝视着夜空) Nervously facing challenges,I know I ⑥ (因为年老)，he couldn't will whisper to myself the two simple take a plane. words“Be yourself'". ·46·l.was考查主谓一致和动词时态。主语为动名 词，所以谓语用第三人称单数。 2.whose考查定语从句。先行词为人，在定语从 句中作定语，所以用whose引导。 3.studying考查动名词。devote oneself to doing sh.意为“致力于做某事”。 4.grades考查名词。根据句意可知，我们必须努 力学习，取得好成绩。grade作为名词“成绩、等 级”讲是可数的，所以答案填grades。 5.as考查连词。表示“随着”，用连词as引导时间 状语从句。 6.reading考查动名词。spend time(in)doing sth. 意为“花费时间做某事”。 7.usually考查副词。修饰动词用副词。 8.where考查定语从句。先行词为地，点名词，在 定语从句中作地，点状语，所以用where引导。 9.of考查固定搭配。free of charge意为“免费”。 10.lucky考查形容词。作表语，所以用形容词。 Ⅲ.写作 【参考范文】 Recently,we had a discussion about surfing the Internet.Students have different opinions. Most students think it costs a lot of money and it is a waste of time surfing the Internet in the bar.They have found many students get on- line only to play computer games.There are even one or two students who are often absent from school for days to spend time on the Internet. ·6 On the other hand,a few students think we can go online at home in our spare time be- cause we can get the newest information both at home and abroad through the Internet.And it is a most convenient way for us to communicate with each other.In a word,the Internet makes our lives outside class colorful. 第二部分预知新课—一迎战下一学期 语法学习一 动词-ing形式作定语和表语 即时演练1 (1)speaking to the teacher who is speaking to the teacher (2)①organized②todo③saying 即时演练2 (1)①A②B③A(2)①painting walls ②to paint the wall 语法学习二 动词-ing形式（现在分词）作宾语补足语和状语 即时演练1 1.playing 2.trying 3.were kept waiting 4.was seen to put 即时演练2 ①Turning around②waiting for the bus ③Being ill④listen meet⑤staring at the night sky 6Being too old