精品解析：黑龙江省绥棱县第三中学2025-2026学年高二上学期11月期中英语试题

2025-2026学年度第一学期 期中考试试卷 高二英语 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分20分) 第一节(共5小题，每小题1分，满分5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What will the woman do next? A. See a doctor. B. Go swimming. C. Repair her fan. 2. What is the man waiting for? A. An invitation. B. A call. C. A present. 3. Where are the speakers? A. In the street. B. At a gas station. C. In a convenience store. 4. Who is most probably Colin’s math teacher? A. Miss Clark. B. Mrs. Delgado. C. Mrs. Randers. 5. What is the man doing? A. Renting a car. B. Buying a car. C. Planning a trip. 第二节(共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What is the relationship between the speakers? A. Partners. B. Colleagues. C. Classmates. 7. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. The school’s money issue. B. The headmaster’s new plans. C. The building of a new library. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. What does the man think of the book’s ending? A. Open - ended. B. Happy. C. Surprising. 9. What does the woman dislike about the book? A. Its beginning. B. Its ending. C. Its writing style. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10. Where will the man go tomorrow? A. New York City. B. Boston. C. Chicago. 11. How did the man know about Boston? A. From a magazine. B. From the Internet. C. From his brother. 12. What is the woman most interested in about Boston? A The light traffic. B. The natural beauty. C. The rich history. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13. What do we learn about Cathy’s father? A. He fell over. B. He got sick. C. He felt lonely. 14. What is Cathy’s attitude towards sending her father to a nursing home? A. She is for it. B. She is unsure of it. C. She is against it. 15. How old is Daniel’s mother? A. 62. B. 65. C. 68. 16. Why did Daniel’s mother go to the nursing home? A. To make more friends. B. To get professional services. C. To live in a good environment. 听第10段材料，回答第17 - 20题。 17. Why did Soros start the gym? A. To help support his family. B. To encourage himself to exercise. C. To help people lead a new lifestyle. 18. What was Soros’ major in university? A. Marketing. B. Soccer. C. Cooking. 19. What can members do in the gym? A. Enjoy free and healthy food. B. Have the clothes dry - cleaned. C. Cook a proper meal themselves. 20. What can we learn about the gym? A. It is decorated in a French style. B. It will be open to the public soon. C. It offers a one - stop service to members. 第二部分 阅读 第一节(共15小题;每小题3分，满分45分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Welcome to the City Comedy Festival! This year’s event will bring you a week of laughter. From October 12th to 18th at the City Theater. Here’s some useful information for you: - Ticket Prices: - Standard Ticket: ¥80 per person (for any single show) - Group Ticket: ¥60 per person (for groups of 5 or more) - Student Ticket: ¥50 per person (with valid student ID) - Show Times: - Afternoon shows: 2:30 p.m. — 4:00 p.m. (Monday to Friday) - Evening shows: 7:00 p.m. — 8:30 p.m. (every day) - Booking Methods: 1. Online: Visit our official website www.citycomedyfest.com and book tickets before October 10th to get a 10% discount. 2. Offline: Buy tickets at the City Theater Box Office (open 10:00 a.m. — 6:00 p.m. daily) - Notes: - No food or drinks are allowed in the theater. - Latecomers will not be allowed to enter until the intermission (中场休息). 1. How long will the City Comedy Festival last? A. 5 days B. 6 days C. 7 days D. 8 days 2. If a group of 6 students want to buy tickets for an evening show, how much should they pay in total? A. ¥300 B. ¥360 C. ¥480 D. ¥540 3. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A. Students can get a discount without a student ID. B. People can book tickets online with a 10% discount after October 10th. C. Afternoon shows are available from Monday to Sunday. D. Latecomers have to wait for the intermission to enter. 【答案】1. C 2. A 3. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。本文介绍城市喜剧节，活动10月12日到18日在市剧院举办，还说明各类票价、演出时段、购票方式及禁止带饮食、迟到需等中场休息入场等须知。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“From October 12th to 18th at the City Theater. (10月12日至18日，在市剧院举行)”可知，城市喜剧节将持续7天。故选C。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据- Ticket Prices部分“- Group Ticket: ¥60 per person (for groups of 5 or more) (团体票：每人60元（5人及以上团体适用）)”可知，如果一组6名学生想购买一场晚间演出的门票，他们总共需要支付300元。故选A。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“- Latecomers will not be allowed to enter until the intermission (中场休息). (迟到者需等到中场休息时才能入场。)”可知，D选项“晚到的观众必须等到中场休息后再入场”正确。故选D。 B Humor is an important part of life that many people often overlook. It is not just about telling jokes or making people laugh; it has deeper meanings and benefits for our physical and mental health. Firstly, humor helps reduce stress. When we laugh, our bodies release endorphins (内啡肽), which are natural chemicals that make us feel happy and relaxed. This can help ease the pressure from work, study, or daily life. Secondly, humor strengthens relationships. Sharing a laugh with friends, family, or colleagues can create a friendly and warm atmosphere, making people closer to each other. It helps resolve small conflicts and makes communication smoother. However, some people think that humor is not suitable for serious situations. But in fact, appropriate humor can lighten the mood even in difficult times. For example, during a tough exam period, a teacher’s funny comment can help students relax and focus better. It is not about being disrespectful, but about finding a balance between seriousness and lightheartedness. In conclusion, humor is a valuable skill that everyone should develop. It can improve our well-being, enhance our relationships, and make life more enjoyable. We should learn to find humor in daily life and use it wisely. 4. What is the main idea of the passage? A. The ways to tell funny jokes. B. The importance and benefits of humor. C. How to use humor in serious situations. D. The differences between humor and jokes. 5. How does humor help reduce stress? A. By resolving big conflicts. B. By improving communication skills. C. By releasing endorphins in the body. D. By creating a friendly atmosphere. 6. What do some people think about humor? A. It is suitable for all situations. B. It is not proper in serious moments. C. It can only be used among friends. D. It is difficult to develop. 7. The example in Paragraph 3 shows that ________. A. teachers should tell jokes to students every day B. exams are always stressful for students C humor can be used in difficult situations D. students need to relax before exams 【答案】4. B 5. C 6. B 7. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文阐述幽默的重要性与益处，它能缓解压力、增进人际关系，还可在严肃场景合理运用，呼吁人们培养并善用这一宝贵能力。 【4题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“Humor is an important part of life that many people often overlook. It is not just about telling jokes or making people laugh; it has deeper meanings and benefits for our physical and mental health. (幽默是生活中一个重要的组成部分，但很多人往往忽视了这一点。幽默并不仅仅是讲笑话或逗人发笑那么简单；它对于我们的身心健康有着更深层次的意义和益处。)”结合本文阐述幽默的重要性与益处，它能缓解压力、增进人际关系，还可在严肃场景合理运用，呼吁人们培养并善用这一宝贵能力。可知，这篇文章的主要观点是幽默的重要性及益处。故选B。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“When we laugh, our bodies release endorphins (内啡肽), which are natural chemicals that make us feel happy and relaxed. This can help ease the pressure from work, study, or daily life. (当我们大笑时，我们的身体会释放内啡肽这种天然的化学物质，它能让我们感到快乐和放松。这有助于缓解工作、学习或日常生活带来的压力。)”可知，幽默通过在体内释放内啡肽帮助减轻压力。故选C。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“However, some people think that humor is not suitable for serious situations. (然而，有些人认为幽默并不适合用于严肃的场合。)”可知，有些人认为在严肃的场合不宜使用幽默。故选B。 【7题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“However, some people think that humor is not suitable for serious situations. But in fact, appropriate humor can lighten the mood even in difficult times. For example, during a tough exam period, a teacher’s funny comment can help students relax and focus better. It is not about being disrespectful, but about finding a balance between seriousness and lightheartedness. (然而，有些人认为幽默并不适合严肃的场合。但实际上，适当的幽默甚至在艰难时刻也能缓解情绪。例如，在紧张的考试期间，老师的一句幽默话语能够帮助学生放松心情，更好地集中注意力。这并非意味着不尊重他人，而是要在严肃与轻松之间找到平衡。)”可知，第三段中的例子表明，在困难的情况下也可以运用幽默。故选C。 C When I was in high school, I was a shy and quiet student. I rarely spoke in class and was afraid of making mistakes in front of others. This changed when I joined the school drama club in my second year. Our first performance was a comedy called The Happy Family. I was given a small role as a neighbor who had a sense of humor. At first, I was nervous and forgot my lines several times during rehearsals (排练). My drama teacher, Ms. Lee, noticed my anxiety and encouraged me: “Don’t be afraid to be funny. Laughter is the best way to connect with the audience.” With Ms. Lee’s help, I started to relax and enjoy the process. I practiced my lines every night and watched comedy shows to learn how to express humor naturally. On the day of the performance, I took a deep breath and stepped onto the stage. To my surprise, I didn’t forget any lines and even made the audience laugh loudly with my performance. After the show, many classmates came up to me and said they enjoyed my part. This experience changed me a lot. I became more confident and outgoing. I started to participate in more class activities and made more friends. I realized that laughter not only brings joy to others but also helps us overcome our fears. It was one of the most valuable experiences in my high school life. 8. What was the author like before joining the drama club? A. Shy and quiet. B. Outgoing and funny. C. Confident and brave. D. Nervous and careless. 9. What role did the author play in The Happy Family? A. A teacher. B. A neighbor. C. A parent. D. A student. 10. Who encouraged the author to be funny? A. Classmates. B. Family members. C. Ms. Lee. D. Friends. 11. How did the author feel after the performance? A. Nervous. B. Surprised and happy. C. Anxious. D. Bored. 【答案】8. A 9. B 10. C 11. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。本文讲述作者高中时腼腆内向，加入戏剧社出演喜剧角色，在老师鼓励下克服紧张完成表演，此次经历让他变得自信外向，收获宝贵成长。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“When I was in high school, I was a shy and quiet student. (在我上高中的时候，我是一个内向且安静的学生。)”可知，在加入戏剧俱乐部之前，作者害羞且安静。故选A。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“I was given a small role as a neighbor who had a sense of humor. (我得到了一个很小的角色，饰演一个有点幽默感的邻居。)”可知，作者在《幸福家庭》这部作品中扮演了一位邻居。故选B。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“My drama teacher, Ms. Lee, noticed my anxiety and encouraged me: “Don’t be afraid to be funny. Laughter is the best way to connect with the audience.” (我的戏剧老师李女士察觉到了我的焦虑情绪，并鼓励我说：“不要害怕表现得幽默些。笑声是与观众建立联系的最佳方式。”)”可知，李女士鼓励作者要幽默起来。故选C。 【11题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“To my surprise, I didn’t forget any lines and even made the audience laugh loudly with my performance. (令我惊讶是，我没有忘记任何台词，而且我的表演还让观众捧腹大笑。)”可知，作者在表演结束后感觉感到既惊讶又开心。故选B。 D Positive thinking is a mental attitude that focuses on the good side of things and expects positive results. It is an important skill for personal growth, especially for students who face various challenges in their studies and daily lives. How can we develop positive thinking? Firstly, practice gratitude (感恩). Every day, take a few minutes to think about the things you are grateful for, such as a kind word from a friend or a good grade in a test. This helps you notice the positive aspects of life. Secondly, learn to reframe (重新定义) negative thoughts. When you face a difficulty, instead of thinking “I can’t do this”, try to say “I can do this if I try my best”. This changes your attitude and gives you the motivation to keep going. Another way is to surround yourself with positive people. Being with people who have a positive outlook on life can influence you and help you stay optimistic. Additionally set small and achievable goals. When you complete these goals, you will feel a sense of achievement, which strengthens your positive thinking. Positive thinking does not mean ignoring problems or pretending that everything is perfect. It means facing challenges with a hopeful attitude and believing that you can overcome them. By developing positive thinking, students can improve their academic performance, reduce stress, and lead a happier life. 12. What is positive thinking? A. A way to avoid problems. B. A mental attitude focusing on the good. C. A method to get good grades. D. A skill to make more friends. 13. How many ways to develop positive thinking are mentioned in the passage? A. 3 B. 4 C. 5 D. 6 14. What does the underlined word “optimistic” mean in Chinese? A. 悲观的 B. 乐观的 C. 内向的 D. 外向的 15. Which of the following is NOT true about positive thinking? A. It helps students reduce stress. B. It means ignoring all problems. C. It can improve academic performance. D. It requires a hopeful attitude towards challenges. 【答案】12. B 13. B 14. B 15. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍积极思维是关注事物好的一面的心态，阐述了练习感恩等四种培养方法，还说明其并非忽视问题，能助力学生提升学业、缓解压力。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“Positive thinking is a mental attitude that focuses on the good side of things and expects positive results. (积极思考是一种心理态度，它侧重于事物的积极方面，并期望获得积极的结果。)”可知，积极思维是一种专注于美好事物的心理态度。故选B。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Firstly, practice gratitude (感恩). (首先，要练习感恩。)”；“Secondly, learn to reframe (重新定义) negative thoughts. (其次，要学会重新定义消极的想法。)”；第三段“Another way is to surround yourself with positive people. (另一种方法是让自己身边围绕着积极向上的人。)”以及“Additionally, set small and achievable goals. (此外，设定一些小而可实现的目标。)”可知，文中提到了4种培养积极思维的方法。故选B。 【14题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“Being with people who have a positive outlook on life (与那些对生活持有积极态度的人相处)”可知，与那些对生活持有积极态度的人相处，这类人会对你产生影响，帮助你保持乐观。故划线词意思是“乐观的”。故选B。 【15题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“Positive thinking does not mean ignoring problems or pretending that everything is perfect. (积极思考并不意味着忽视问题或者假装一切都很完美。)”可知，关于积极思考的说法中，B选项“它意味着完全忽略所有问题。”不正确。故选B。 第二节(共5小题;每小题3分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 The Art of Effective Communication in Academic Settings In academic environments, effective communication is not just about expressing ideas clearly — it’s about building connections, sharing knowledge, and advancing mutual understanding. ____16____ Whether you’re participating in a class discussion, writing a research paper, or collaborating on a group project, mastering this skill can significantly enhance your academic performance and personal growth. First, active listening lays the foundation for meaningful communication. ____17____ Instead of merely waiting for your turn to speak, focus on understanding the speaker’s main points, asking follow-up questions, and acknowledging different perspectives. This not only helps you grasp information more deeply but also shows respect for your peers and instructors. Second, clarity and conciseness are key in academic expression. ____18____ Avoid overusing complex sentences or jargon that may confuse your audience. When writing, organize your ideas logically — start with a thesis statement, support it with evidence, and conclude with a clear summary. In oral communication, structure your thoughts beforehand to ensure you stay on topic. ____19____ Non-verbal cues such as eye contact, body language, and tone of voice can convey as much information as words. For example, maintaining eye contact during a presentation shows confidence and engagement, while a friendly tone can make your ideas more approachable. Paying attention to these details helps you connect with your audience on a deeper level. Finally, empathy plays a vital role in academic communication. ____20____ By putting yourself in others’ shoes, you can better understand their viewpoints, respond appropriately, and resolve conflicts constructively. This is especially important in group work, where teamwork and mutual respect are essential for success. In summary, effective academic communication combines active listening, clear expression, awareness of non-verbal cues, and empathy. By practicing these skills, you can become a more confident and influential communicator in your academic journey. A. It involves more than just hearing what others say. B. However, many students struggle with how to communicate effectively. C. Being able to express ideas clearly and briefly is highly valued in academia. D. Academic communication is not limited to verbal and written forms. E. It requires understanding and respecting the thoughts and feelings of others. F. Good communication skills are essential for success in various academic activities. G. Non-verbal communication can sometimes be more powerful than verbal communication. 【答案】16. F 17. A 18. C 19. D 20. E 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文阐释学术场景中有效沟通的重要性，介绍其需具备的积极倾听、清晰表达等四项核心能力，强调掌握这些可助力学术成长。 【16题详解】 根据上文“In academic environments, effective communication is not just about expressing ideas clearly — it’s about building connections, sharing knowledge, and advancing mutual understanding.(在学术环境中，有效的沟通不仅仅是清晰地表达观点这么简单——它还关乎建立联系、分享知识以及增进彼此的理解)”以及后文“Whether you’re participating in a class discussion, writing a research paper, or collaborating on a group project, mastering this skill can significantly enhance your academic performance and personal growth.(无论你是参与课堂讨论、撰写研究论文，还是在团队项目中合作，掌握这一技能都能显著提升你的学业成绩和个人发展水平)”可知，前文点明学术场景中有效沟通的核心意义，后文列举了课堂讨论、写论文、小组合作等学术场景，F选项“良好的沟通能力对各类学术活动的成功至关重要”起到承上启下的作用，衔接上下文的场景和意义。故选F。 【17题详解】 根据上文“First, active listening lays the foundation for meaningful communication.(首先，积极倾听是实现有意义沟通的基础)”以及后文“Instead of merely waiting for your turn to speak, focus on understanding the speaker’s main points, asking follow-up questions, and acknowledging different perspectives. This not only helps you grasp information more deeply but also shows respect for your peers and instructors.(不要只是等着轮到自己发言，而应专注于理解发言者的要点、提出后续问题以及认可不同的观点。这样做不仅能帮助你更深入地理解信息，还能体现出对同伴和导师的尊重)”可知，该段主题是“积极倾听”，空后具体说明要理解发言者要点、提问、认可不同观点，而非只等自己发言，A选项“它不只是听别人说什么”能引出后文对积极倾听深层内涵的阐释。故选A。 【18题详解】 根据上文“Second, clarity and conciseness are key in academic expression.(其次，在学术表达中，清晰明了和简洁扼要是至关重要的)”以及后文“Avoid overusing complex sentences or jargon that may confuse your audience. When writing, organize your ideas logically — start with a thesis statement, support it with evidence, and conclude with a clear summary. In oral communication, structure your thoughts beforehand to ensure you stay on topic.(避免过度使用复杂的句子或专业术语，以免让听众感到困惑。在写作时，要条理清晰地组织自己的观点——先提出论点，用证据加以支持，最后以清晰的总结收尾。在口头交流中，事先组织好自己的思路，以确保能紧扣主题)”可知，此段核心是“清晰且简洁的表达”，C选项“在学术领域，能够清晰简洁地表达观点是备受重视的”直接呼应主题，且空后“避免复杂句式和术语”是对该句的具体展开。故选C。 【19题详解】 根据后文“Non-verbal cues such as eye contact, body language, and tone of voice can convey as much information as words. For example, maintaining eye contact during a presentation shows confidence and engagement, while a friendly tone can make your ideas more approachable. Paying attention to these details helps you connect with your audience on a deeper level.(非语言的暗示，如眼神交流、肢体语言和语调，所传递的信息可能与言语内容一样丰富。例如，在演讲时保持眼神接触能展现自信和投入，而亲切的语调则能让你的观点更具亲和力。关注这些细节有助于你与听众建立更深层次的联系)”可知，后文开始论述非语言线索（眼神交流、肢体语言等）的作用，D选项“学术沟通不仅限于口头和书面形式”能够自然引出非语言沟通的话题，开启新的段落层次。故选D。 【20题详解】 根据上文“Finally, empathy plays a vital role in academic communication.(最后，同理心在学术交流中起着至关重要的作用)”以及后文“By putting yourself in others’ shoes, you can better understand their viewpoints, respond appropriately, and resolve conflicts constructively. This is especially important in group work, where teamwork and mutual respect are essential for success.(通过设身处地为他人着想，你就能更好地理解他们的观点，做出恰当的回应，并以建设性的方式解决冲突。这一点在团队合作中尤为重要，因为团队协作和相互尊重是取得成功的关键因素)”可知，该段主题为“同理心”，空后解释共情是换位思考、理解他人观点，E选项“它需要理解并尊重他人的想法和感受”精准定义了同理心在学术沟通中的内涵，与后文内容契合。故选E。 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Last year, I had a difficult time in my English class. I was not good at speaking and always ____21____ when the teacher asked me to answer questions. I felt discouraged and even wanted to ____22____ the class. One day, my English teacher, Mr. Wang, noticed my ____23____. He asked me to stay after class and had a talk with me. “Don’t give up,” he said gently. “Everyone has difficulties when learning a new language. The key is to ____24____ trying and not be afraid of making mistakes.” He also told me that laughter could help me ____25____. “If you can laugh at your own mistakes, you’ll feel less stressed,” he added. After that talk, I decided to ____26____. I started to practice speaking English every day, even if it was just a few sentences. I joined an English corner at school where I could ____27____ with other students. At first, I still made many mistakes, but I remembered Mr. Wang’s words and laughed at them instead of feeling ____28____. Slowly, my English improved. I became more ____29____ in class and even volunteered to answer questions. My classmates were surprised by my ____30____ and often praised me for my progress. Mr. Wang was also happy to see that I had ____31____ my fear of speaking. Last month, I took part in an English speech competition. I was nervous before the competition, but I ____32____ myself with Mr. Wang’s encouragement. I gave my speech clearly and even added some ____33____ parts to make the audience laugh. To my surprise, I won the third prize! This experience taught me that ____34____ is not impossible if you keep trying. It also showed me the power of laughter and encouragement. I am now more ____35____ about my English studies and believe that I can do even better in the future. 21. A. cried B. smiled C. froze D. shouted 22. A. drop B. join C. attend D. finish 23. A. happiness B. sadness C. excitement D. anger 24. A. stop B. keep C. forget D. avoid 25. A. relax B. work C. study D. fight 26. A. give in B. give up C. cheer up D. turn up 27. A. argue B. compete C. talk D. fight 28. A. happy B. ashamed C. excited D. proud 29. A. active B. quiet C. shy D. lazy 30. A. change B. mistake C. fear D. hobby 31. A. felt B. overcome C. noticed D. remembered 32. A. helped B. enjoyed C. encouraged D. hurt 33 A. sad B. serious C. boring D. funny 34. A. success B. failure C. difficulty D. illness 35. A. worried B. confident C. nervous D. careful 【答案】21. C 22. A 23. B 24. B 25. A 26. C 27. C 28. B 29. A 30. A 31. B 32. C 33. D 34. A 35. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者曾英语口语薄弱想退课，在王老师鼓励下振作练习，笑对错误，最终克服恐惧并在演讲比赛获奖，重拾英语学习信心的故事。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不太擅长说话，每当老师让我回答问题时，我总是会不知所措而僵住不动。A. cried哭泣；B. smiled微笑；C. froze僵住；D. shouted叫喊。根据上文“I was not good at speaking”可知，作者不擅长口语，所以老师提问时会僵住。故选C。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我感到很沮丧，甚至想要放弃这门课程了。A. drop放弃；B. join加入；C. attend参加；D. finish结束。根据上文“I felt discouraged and even wanted to”可知，作者很沮丧，甚至想放弃这门课，drop the class意为“放弃课程”。故选A。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：有一天，我的英语老师王老师察觉到了我的悲伤情绪。A. happiness幸福；B. sadness悲伤；C. excitement激动；D. anger愤怒。根据上文“I felt discouraged and even wanted to”可知，作者因英语差想放弃课程，情绪是低落的，王老师注意到的是作者的悲伤情绪。故选B。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：关键在于要不断尝试，不要害怕犯错。A. stop停止；B. keep保持；C. forget忘记；D. avoid避免。根据后文“trying and not be afraid of making mistakes”可知，老师鼓励作者不要放弃，学习语言都会遇到困难，关键是坚持尝试，keep trying表示“持续努力”。故选B。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他还告诉我，笑能帮助我放松心情。A. relax放松；B. work工作；C. study学习；D. fight战斗。后文“If you can laugh at your own mistakes, you’ll feel less stressed”提到笑对错误能减少压力，可知老师说笑声能帮作者放松。故选A。 【26题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：经过那次谈话后，我决定振作起来。A. give in屈服；B. give up放弃；C. cheer up振作起来；D. turn up出现。根据后文“I started to practice speaking English every day, even if it was just a few sentences.(我开始每天练习说英语，哪怕只是说几句也好)”可知，作者振作了起来，开始练习说英语。故选C。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我参加了学校的英语角，在那里我可以和其他学生交谈。A. argue争论；B. compete比赛；C. talk交谈；D. fight战斗。根据上文“I joined an English corner at school”可知，英语角是学生们用英语交谈的场所。故选C。 【28题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：起初，我还是犯了不少错误，但我记住了王老师的话，一笑而过，没有感到羞愧。A. happy快乐的；B. ashamed羞愧的；C. excited激动的；D. proud骄傲的。根据上文“laughed at them instead of feeling”可知，作者不再因犯错而羞愧，反而笑对错误。故选B。 【29题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我在课堂上变得更加积极了，甚至还主动提出要回答问题。A. active活跃的；B. quiet安静的；C. shy害羞的；D. lazy懒惰的。根据后文“even volunteered to answer questions”可知，作者在课堂上更加积极了。故选A。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的同学们对我的变化感到惊讶，并且经常称赞我取得了进步。A. change变化；B. mistake错误；C. fear恐惧；D. hobby爱好。根据上文“even volunteered to answer questions”以及后文“praised me for my progress”可知，同学们对作者的变化感到惊讶。故选A。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：王老师也很高兴看到我已经克服了害怕发言的恐惧心理。A. felt感觉；B. overcome克服；C. noticed注意到；D. remembered记得。根据上文“even volunteered to answer questions”可知，作者克服了害怕发言的恐惧心理。故选B。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在比赛前我有些紧张，但通过王老师的鼓励，我打消了紧张情绪。A. helped帮助；B. enjoyed欣赏；C. encouraged鼓励；D. hurt伤害。根据上文“I was nervous before the competition”以及but表示转折，说明赛前作者很紧张，但用王老师的鼓励来鼓励自己。故选C。 【33题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我清晰地发表了演讲，并且还加入了一些有趣的片段，以逗得观众发笑。A. sad悲伤的；B. serious严肃的；C. boring无聊的；D. funny有趣的。根据后文“make the audience laugh”可知，作者在演讲中加入有趣的部分让观众发笑。故选D。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这次经历让我明白，只要不断努力，成功并非遥不可及。A. success成功；B. failure失败；C. difficulty困难；D. illness疾病。根据后文“is not impossible if you keep trying”可知，这次经历让作者明白，坚持尝试的话成功并非不可能。故选A。 【35题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：现在我对自己的英语学习更有信心了，而且我相信自己未来的表现会更出色。A. worried担心的；B. confident自信的；C. nervous紧张的；D. careful仔细的。根据后文“believe that I can do even better in the future”可知，作者现在对自己的英语学习更有信心，相信未来能做得更好。故选B。 第二节(共10小题;每小题2分，满分20分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Laughter is a universal language that ____36____ (connect) people all over the world. It has been proven that laughter has many benefits for our health. For example, it ____37____ (reduce) stress and helps us relax. When we laugh, our bodies release chemicals ____38____ make us feel happy and energetic. In addition to ____39____ (improve) our physical health, laughter also strengthens our relationships. Sharing a laugh with others creates a bond ____40____ is hard to break. It helps us communicate better and resolve conflicts ____41____ (easy). There are many ways to bring more laughter into our lives. We can watch comedy shows, read funny books, or spend time with people who have ____42____ good sense of humor. We can also learn to laugh at ____43____ (we) mistakes, which helps us not take life too seriously. For students, laughter can be a great tool for learning. It makes classes more enjoyable and helps students remember information ____44____ (well). Teachers can use humor in their lessons to make difficult topics easier _____45_____ (understand). So, let’s laugh more and enjoy the benefits it brings! 【答案】36. connects 37. reduces 38. that##which 39. improving 40. that##which 41. easily 42. a 43. our 44. better 45. to understand 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文指出笑是通用语言且有益健康，能缓解压力、增进人际关系，还介绍增添笑声的方法，强调其对学生学习的积极作用并呼吁多笑。 【36题详解】 考查时态。句意：笑声是一种跨越国界的通用语言，它将世界各地的人们紧密联系在一起。空处为定语从句的谓语动词，根据上文is可知为一般现在时，先行词language是第三人称单数，谓语用三单形式。故填connects。 【37题详解】 考查时态。句意：例如，它能够减轻压力并帮助我们放松。根据后文helps可知为一般现在时，主语为it，谓语用三单形式。故填reduces。 【38题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：当我们大笑时，我们的身体会释放出一些化学物质，这些物质会让我们感到快乐和充满活力。定语从句修饰先行词chemicals，在从句作主语，指物，用关系代词that/which。故填that/which。 【39题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：除了能改善我们的身体健康之外，笑还能增进我们之间的关系。作介词的宾语，用动名词形式。故填improving。 【40题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：与他人一起欢笑能建立起一种难以打破的联系。定语从句修饰先行词bond，在从句作主语，指物，用关系代词that/which。故填that/which。 【41题详解】 考查副词。句意：它有助于我们更好地交流，并能轻松解决冲突。修饰动词resolve用副词easily。故填easily。 【42题详解】 考查冠词。句意：我们可以观看喜剧节目、阅读有趣的书籍，或者与那些有着良好幽默感的人相处。短语have a good sense of humor表示“有着良好幽默感”。故填a。 【43题详解】 考查代词。句意：我们还可以学会以轻松的态度对待自己的错误，这有助于我们不把生活看得过于严肃。修饰名词mistakes用形容词性物主代词our。故填our。 【44题详解】 考查比较级。句意：它能让课堂变得更加有趣，还能帮助学生更好地记住所学内容。根据上文more enjoyable可知，此处暗含“笑能让学生更好地记住知识”的比较含义，用well的比较级better。故填better。 【45题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：教师可以在授课过程中运用幽默元素，以使复杂的知识点更易于被学生理解。固定结构“make sth.+adj.+to do”，此处用不定式作宾语补足语，故填to understand。 第四部分 写作(满分20分) 46. 假设你是李华，最近在英语学习中遇到了一些困难，尤其是在口语表达和语法方面。请你给你的英语老师Smith先生写一封求助信，内容包括： 1. 介绍自己的学习情况； 2. 说明遇到的具体困难； 3. 表达希望得到的帮助； 4. 感谢老师的支持。 注意： 1. 词数80左右; 2. 可适当增加细节，使行文连贯。 Dear Mr.Smith , ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Mr. Smith, I’m writing to ask for your help with my English study. I’ve been working hard on English recently, but I still face some difficulties. In terms of speaking, I’m too nervous to express myself fluently in class, and I often worry about making mistakes. As for grammar, I’m confused about some complex structures like non-finite verbs, which affects my writing and reading comprehension. I wonder if you could give me some specific advice on how to practice speaking bravely. Could you also explain those difficult grammar points in a simple way? I’d be very grateful if you could spare some time to check my compositions and point out my mistakes. Thank you for your time and support. I’m looking forward to your reply. Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给你的英语老师Smith先生写一封求助信，介绍自己的学习情况；说明遇到的具体困难；表达希望得到的帮助以及感谢老师的支持。 【详解】1.词汇积累 紧张：nervous→stressed 担心：worry about→concern about 复杂的：complex→complicated 感谢：grateful→appreciative 2.句式拓展 句型转换 原句：I’ve been working hard on English recently, but I still face some difficulties. 拓展句：Although I’ve been working hard on English recently, I still face some difficulties. 【点睛】【高分句型1】I wonder if you could give me some specific advice on how to practice speaking bravely.（运用了if引导宾语从句） 【高分句型2】I’d be very grateful if you could spare some time to check my compositions and point out my mistakes.（运用了if引导条件状语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025-2026学年度第一学期 期中考试试卷 高二英语 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分20分) 第一节(共5小题，每小题1分，满分5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What will the woman do next? A. See a doctor. B. Go swimming. C. Repair her fan. 2. What is the man waiting for? A. An invitation. B. A call. C. A present. 3. Where are the speakers? A. In the street. B. At a gas station. C. In a convenience store. 4. Who is most probably Colin’s math teacher? A. Miss Clark. B. Mrs. Delgado. C. Mrs. Randers. 5. What is the man doing? A. Renting a car. B. Buying a car. C. Planning a trip. 第二节(共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What is the relationship between the speakers? A. Partners. B. Colleagues. C. Classmates. 7. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. The school’s money issue. B. The headmaster’s new plans. C. The building of a new library. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. What does the man think of the book’s ending? A. Open - ended. B. Happy. C. Surprising. 9. What does the woman dislike about the book? A. Its beginning. B. Its ending. C. Its writing style. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10. Where will the man go tomorrow? A. New York City. B. Boston. C. Chicago. 11. How did the man know about Boston? A. From a magazine. B. From the Internet. C. From his brother. 12. What is the woman most interested in about Boston? A. The light traffic. B. The natural beauty. C. The rich history. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13. What do we learn about Cathy’s father? A. He fell over. B. He got sick. C. He felt lonely. 14. What is Cathy’s attitude towards sending her father to a nursing home? A. She is for it. B. She is unsure of it. C. She is against it. 15. How old is Daniel’s mother? A. 62. B. 65. C. 68. 16. Why did Daniel’s mother go to the nursing home? A. To make more friends. B. To get professional services. C. To live in a good environment. 听第10段材料，回答第17 - 20题。 17. Why did Soros start the gym? A. To help support his family. B. To encourage himself to exercise. C. To help people lead a new lifestyle. 18. What was Soros’ major in university? A. Marketing. B. Soccer. C. Cooking. 19. What can members do in the gym? A. Enjoy free and healthy food. B. Have the clothes dry - cleaned. C. Cook a proper meal themselves. 20. What can we learn about the gym? A. It is decorated in a French style. B. It will be open to the public soon. C. It offers a one - stop service to members. 第二部分 阅读 第一节(共15小题;每小题3分，满分45分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Welcome to the City Comedy Festival! This year’s event will bring you a week of laughter From October 12th to 18th at the City Theater. Here’s some useful information for you: - Ticket Prices: - Standard Ticket: ¥80 per person (for any single show) - Group Ticket: ¥60 per person (for groups of 5 or more) - Student Ticket: ¥50 per person (with valid student ID) - Show Times: - Afternoon shows: 2:30 p.m. — 4:00 p.m. (Monday to Friday) - Evening shows: 7:00 p.m. — 8:30 p.m. (every day) - Booking Methods: 1. Online: Visit our official website www.citycomedyfest.com and book tickets before October 10th to get a 10% discount. 2. Offline: Buy tickets at the City Theater Box Office (open 10:00 a.m. — 6:00 p.m. daily) - Notes: - No food or drinks are allowed in the theater. - Latecomers will not be allowed to enter until the intermission (中场休息). 1. How long will the City Comedy Festival last? A. 5 days B. 6 days C. 7 days D. 8 days 2. If a group of 6 students want to buy tickets for an evening show, how much should they pay in total? A. ¥300 B. ¥360 C. ¥480 D. ¥540 3. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A. Students can get a discount without a student ID. B. People can book tickets online with a 10% discount after October 10th. C. Afternoon shows are available from Monday to Sunday. D. Latecomers have to wait for the intermission to enter. B Humor is an important part of life that many people often overlook. It is not just about telling jokes or making people laugh; it has deeper meanings and benefits for our physical and mental health. Firstly, humor helps reduce stress. When we laugh, our bodies release endorphins (内啡肽), which are natural chemicals that make us feel happy and relaxed. This can help ease the pressure from work, study, or daily life. Secondly, humor strengthens relationships. Sharing a laugh with friends, family, or colleagues can create a friendly and warm atmosphere, making people closer to each other. It helps resolve small conflicts and makes communication smoother. However, some people think that humor is not suitable for serious situations. But in fact, appropriate humor can lighten the mood even in difficult times. For example, during a tough exam period, a teacher’s funny comment can help students relax and focus better. It is not about being disrespectful, but about finding a balance between seriousness and lightheartedness. In conclusion humor is a valuable skill that everyone should develop. It can improve our well-being, enhance our relationships, and make life more enjoyable. We should learn to find humor in daily life and use it wisely. 4. What is the main idea of the passage? A The ways to tell funny jokes. B. The importance and benefits of humor. C. How to use humor in serious situations. D. The differences between humor and jokes. 5. How does humor help reduce stress? A. By resolving big conflicts. B. By improving communication skills. C. By releasing endorphins in the body. D. By creating a friendly atmosphere. 6. What do some people think about humor? A. It is suitable for all situations. B. It is not proper in serious moments. C. It can only be used among friends. D. It is difficult to develop. 7. The example in Paragraph 3 shows that ________. A. teachers should tell jokes to students every day B. exams are always stressful for students C. humor can be used in difficult situations D. students need to relax before exams C When I was in high school, I was a shy and quiet student. I rarely spoke in class and was afraid of making mistakes in front of others. This changed when I joined the school drama club in my second year. Our first performance was a comedy called The Happy Family. I was given a small role as a neighbor who had a sense of humor. At first, I was nervous and forgot my lines several times during rehearsals (排练). My drama teacher, Ms. Lee, noticed my anxiety and encouraged me: “Don’t be afraid to be funny. Laughter is the best way to connect with the audience.” With Ms. Lee’s help, I started to relax and enjoy the process. I practiced my lines every night and watched comedy shows to learn how to express humor naturally. On the day of the performance, I took a deep breath and stepped onto the stage. To my surprise, I didn’t forget any lines and even made the audience laugh loudly with my performance. After the show, many classmates came up to me and said they enjoyed my part. This experience changed me a lot. I became more confident and outgoing. I started to participate in more class activities and made more friends. I realized that laughter not only brings joy to others but also helps us overcome our fears. It was one of the most valuable experiences in my high school life. 8. What was the author like before joining the drama club? A. Shy and quiet. B. Outgoing and funny. C. Confident and brave. D. Nervous and careless. 9. What role did the author play in The Happy Family? A. A teacher. B. A neighbor. C. A parent. D. A student. 10. Who encouraged the author to be funny? A. Classmates. B. Family members. C. Ms. Lee. D. Friends. 11. How did the author feel after the performance? A. Nervous. B. Surprised and happy. C. Anxious. D. Bored. D Positive thinking is a mental attitude that focuses on the good side of things and expects positive results. It is an important skill for personal growth, especially for students who face various challenges in their studies and daily lives. How can we develop positive thinking? Firstly practice gratitude (感恩). Every day, take a few minutes to think about the things you are grateful for, such as a kind word from a friend or a good grade in a test. This helps you notice the positive aspects of life. Secondly, learn to reframe (重新定义) negative thoughts. When you face a difficulty, instead of thinking “I can’t do this”, try to say “I can do this if I try my best”. This changes your attitude and gives you the motivation to keep going. Another way is to surround yourself with positive people. Being with people who have a positive outlook on life can influence you and help you stay optimistic. Additionally, set small and achievable goals. When you complete these goals, you will feel a sense of achievement, which strengthens your positive thinking. Positive thinking does not mean ignoring problems or pretending that everything is perfect. It means facing challenges with a hopeful attitude and believing that you can overcome them. By developing positive thinking, students can improve their academic performance, reduce stress, and lead a happier life. 12. What is positive thinking? A. A way to avoid problems. B. A mental attitude focusing on the good. C. A method to get good grades. D. A skill to make more friends. 13. How many ways to develop positive thinking are mentioned in the passage? A. 3 B. 4 C. 5 D. 6 14. What does the underlined word “optimistic” mean in Chinese? A. 悲观的 B. 乐观的 C. 内向的 D. 外向的 15. Which of the following is NOT true about positive thinking? A. It helps students reduce stress. B. It means ignoring all problems. C. It can improve academic performance. D. It requires a hopeful attitude towards challenges. 第二节(共5小题;每小题3分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 The Art of Effective Communication in Academic Settings In academic environments, effective communication is not just about expressing ideas clearly — it’s about building connections, sharing knowledge, and advancing mutual understanding. ____16____ Whether you’re participating in a class discussion, writing a research paper, or collaborating on a group project, mastering this skill can significantly enhance your academic performance and personal growth. First, active listening lays the foundation for meaningful communication. ____17____ Instead of merely waiting for your turn to speak, focus on understanding the speaker’s main points, asking follow-up questions, and acknowledging different perspectives. This not only helps you grasp information more deeply but also shows respect for your peers and instructors. Second, clarity and conciseness are key in academic expression. ____18____ Avoid overusing complex sentences or jargon that may confuse your audience. When writing, organize your ideas logically — start with a thesis statement, support it with evidence, and conclude with a clear summary. In oral communication, structure your thoughts beforehand to ensure you stay on topic. ____19____ Non-verbal cues such as eye contact, body language, and tone of voice can convey as much information as words. For example, maintaining eye contact during a presentation shows confidence and engagement, while a friendly tone can make your ideas more approachable. Paying attention to these details helps you connect with your audience on a deeper level. Finally, empathy plays a vital role in academic communication. ____20____ By putting yourself in others’ shoes, you can better understand their viewpoints, respond appropriately, and resolve conflicts constructively. This is especially important in group work, where teamwork and mutual respect are essential for success. In summary, effective academic communication combines active listening, clear expression, awareness of non-verbal cues, and empathy. By practicing these skills, you can become a more confident and influential communicator in your academic journey. A. It involves more than just hearing what others say. B. However, many students struggle with how to communicate effectively. C. Being able to express ideas clearly and briefly is highly valued in academia. D. Academic communication is not limited to verbal and written forms. E. It requires understanding and respecting the thoughts and feelings of others. F. Good communication skills are essential for success in various academic activities. G. Non-verbal communication can sometimes be more powerful than verbal communication. 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Last year, I had a difficult time in my English class. I was not good at speaking and always ____21____ when the teacher asked me to answer questions. I felt discouraged and even wanted to ____22____ the class. One day, my English teacher, Mr. Wang, noticed my ____23____. He asked me to stay after class and had a talk with me. “Don’t give up,” he said gently. “Everyone has difficulties when learning a new language. The key is to ____24____ trying and not be afraid of making mistakes.” He also told me that laughter could help me ____25____. “If you can laugh at your own mistakes, you’ll feel less stressed,” he added. After that talk, I decided to ____26____. I started to practice speaking English every day, even if it was just a few sentences. I joined an English corner at school where I could ____27____ with other students. At first, I still made many mistakes, but I remembered Mr. Wang’s words and laughed at them instead of feeling ____28____. Slowly, my English improved. I became more ____29____ in class and even volunteered to answer questions. My classmates were surprised by my ____30____ and often praised me for my progress. Mr. Wang was also happy to see that I had ____31____ my fear of speaking. Last month, I took part in an English speech competition. I was nervous before the competition, but I ____32____ myself with Mr. Wang’s encouragement. I gave my speech clearly and even added some ____33____ parts to make the audience laugh. To my surprise, I won the third prize! This experience taught me that ____34____ is not impossible if you keep trying. It also showed me the power of laughter and encouragement. I am now more ____35____ about my English studies and believe that I can do even better in the future. 21. A. cried B. smiled C. froze D. shouted 22. A. drop B. join C. attend D. finish 23. A. happiness B. sadness C. excitement D. anger 24. A. stop B. keep C. forget D. avoid 25. A. relax B. work C. study D. fight 26. A. give in B. give up C. cheer up D. turn up 27. A. argue B. compete C. talk D. fight 28. A. happy B. ashamed C. excited D. proud 29. A. active B. quiet C. shy D. lazy 30. A. change B. mistake C. fear D. hobby 31. A. felt B. overcome C. noticed D. remembered 32 A. helped B. enjoyed C. encouraged D. hurt 33. A. sad B. serious C. boring D. funny 34. A. success B. failure C. difficulty D. illness 35. A. worried B. confident C. nervous D. careful 第二节(共10小题;每小题2分，满分20分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Laughter is a universal language that ____36____ (connect) people all over the world. It has been proven that laughter has many benefits for our health. For example, it ____37____ (reduce) stress and helps us relax. When we laugh, our bodies release chemicals ____38____ make us feel happy and energetic. In addition to ____39____ (improve) our physical health, laughter also strengthens our relationships. Sharing a laugh with others creates a bond ____40____ is hard to break. It helps us communicate better and resolve conflicts ____41____ (easy). There are many ways to bring more laughter into our lives. We can watch comedy shows, read funny books, or spend time with people who have ____42____ good sense of humor. We can also learn to laugh at ____43____ (we) mistakes, which helps us not take life too seriously. For students, laughter can be a great tool for learning. It makes classes more enjoyable and helps students remember information ____44____ (well). Teachers can use humor in their lessons to make difficult topics easier _____45_____ (understand). So, let’s laugh more and enjoy the benefits it brings! 第四部分 写作(满分20分) 46. 假设你是李华，最近在英语学习中遇到了一些困难，尤其是在口语表达和语法方面。请你给你的英语老师Smith先生写一封求助信，内容包括： 1. 介绍自己的学习情况； 2. 说明遇到的具体困难； 3. 表达希望得到的帮助； 4. 感谢老师的支持。 注意： 1. 词数80左右; 2. 可适当增加细节，使行文连贯。 Dear Mr.Smith , ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely, Li Hua 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $