精品解析：天津市和平区建华中学2025-2026学年高三上学期期中英语考试试题

2025—2026学年度第一学期高三年级期中质量调查试卷 英语 温馨提示：本试卷包括第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分，满分130分，考试时间共100分钟。祝同学们考试顺利! 第Ⅰ卷 选择题(共95分) 一、选择题(本大题共15小题，每小题1分，共15分) 1. Look at the price of that bike! It is practically the same as ______of a new motorcycle. A. one B. that C. it D. this 2. ________ on February 5, 2019, the Wandering Earth soon became a great hit. A. Releasing B. Being released C. Released D. To release 3. ______ to success can’t defeat us. Instead, they can only make us stronger. A Attempts B. Barriers C. Contributions D. Access 4. Although he did not do it___________, he definitely had some responsibility. A. instantly B. deliberately C. accidentally D. casually 5. The new product is beyond all praise and has quickly taken over the market______ its superior quality. A. in terms of B. on account of C. on behalf of D. on top of 6. He finished writing his first novel last year, and we all think that is ______ his career really took off. A. where B. when C. how D. why 7. —— Hey, if you can’t enjoy that at a sensible volume, please use the earphone. I’m studying. —— Oh, I’m sorry. I ________ realize it ________ you. A. don’t; bothers B. didn’t; bothered C. don’t; was bothering D. didn’t; was bothering 8. The police are investigating the company, three of ________ managers have already been arrested. A. whose B. that C. which D. where 9. — Will you please repeat your idea? — Of course. But I think it is certain that you _______ your attention. A. weren’t paying B. hadn’t paid C. aren’t paying D. don’t pay 10. I’m sorry you have been waiting so long, but it will still be some time ________ you can get your passport. A. since B. till C. after D. before 11. --Sorry for having kept you waiting. But for the traffic jam，I________________ 20 minutes earlier —Never mind，I haven't been waiting that long. A. arrived B. would have arrived C. would arrive D. had arrived 12. Bob was trying to ________ that he knew the famous singer who would perform in our city. A. let out B. lay out C. figure out D. make out 13. — Could you tell me something about the virus, Dr. Smith ? — Sure. It _____ via the bloodstream and causes ill health in a variety of organs. A. concentrates B. accumulates C. circulates D. accelerates 14. Walter offered us a lift when he was leaving the office, but our work ______, we refused his offer. A. not finished B. had not been finished C. not finishing D. not having finished 15. Though our football boys are faced with four goals behind, they are still struggling hard in the field to ______. A. face the music B. save face C. cost their arm and leg D. land on their feet 二、完型填空(本大题共20小题，每题1.5分，共30分) Some teachers seem to be bad teachers, but they are not. Take my football coach for example. One day, we were doing some ___16___ practicing catching the football. He threw me a pass and I dropped it. He started ___17___ me. I went back in line, ___18___. My friend was up next. He dropped it, too. But the coach said nothing. Annoyed, I whispered, “Why ___19___ against me?” After practice he came ___20___ to me and told me the reason he shouted at me ___21___ the other guy was that he expected more out of me. If he ___22___ my mistakes, it meant he had quit on me. Another teacher ___23___ my memory was my PhD supervisor, Ken Crowe. He had a(n) ___24___ for making grown men cry when they disappointed him, but I was ___25___ by the topic he was working on. He gave me a(n) ___26___: to figure out what caused muons (介子) to get depolarized (去极 化 ) in liquids. After a week I came to Ken’s office to tell him about it. He listened for a few minutes and then ___27___ “You have no idea what you’re talking about! Get out and don’t come back until you do!” Now I was starting to get ___28___, complaining about him as cold- hearted. Determined to change his attitude and ___29___ more relevant knowledge, I really got into it. ___30___, I understood it so well that to this day it is my most proud ___31___. Then I went back to tell Ken what I had figured out. Again he interrupted me a few minutes into my ___32___, but I carried on. When I finished, he praised me for doing some very original research. From that day forward, he supported and promoted me ___33___ we became great friends and respected colleagues. So don’t ever complain about your “___34___” teachers. They may ___35___ you to make greater achievement you will be proud of decades later. 16. A. running B. drills C. operations D. actions 17. A. yelling at B. sending for C. getting rid of D. joking with 18. A. amazed B. encouraged C. frightened D. embarrassed 19. A. debate B. discriminate C. decide D. defend 20. A. in B. across C. over D. away 21. A. other than B. more than C. less than D. rather than 22. A. overlooked B. blamed C. resisted D. exposed 23. A. erasing B. strengthening C. jogging D. changing 24. A. reputation B. reference C. concern D. preference 25. A. astonished B. puzzled C. disturbed D. fascinated 26. A. principle B. assignment C. reward D. award 27. A. set out B. settle down C. cut in D. carried on 28. A. relaxed B. content C. comfortable D. mad 29. A. acquire B. acknowledge C. spread D. address 30. A. Suddenly B. Eventually C. Gradually D. Purposefully 31. A. accomplishment B. establishment C. development D. commitment 32. A. enquiry B. presentation C. schedule D. conference 33. A. although B. as C. before D. until 34. A. tolerant B. considerate C. mean D. kind 35. A. permit B. bother C. inspire D. discourage 三、阅读理解(共大题20小题，每题2.5分，共50分) A篇 Interlibrary Loan(ILL) provides teachers, students and staff with access to books that are checked out or not owned by our own libraries, as well as digitized copies of articles and book chapters from our collection. Who Can Borrow? Current students, teachers (including retired) and staff can request items through ILL. Interlibrary loan is not available to former students, guest borrowers or fee-card holders. How Long Does It Take? Articles are usually received within 1-2 days and books in 5-10 days. However, obtaining items that are rare, recently published or in high demand may take longer. To speed up the process, please make sure the information you submit through the ILL Request Form is accurate. Length of Loans Loan periods are established by the lending library. All due dates are noted on the label. Borrowed items are subject to recall by the lending library. Any restrictions established by the lending library will be indicated on the label. No renewals (续借) are allowed for physical items borrowed through ILL. Notification/ Delivery Options For a physical item, you will be notified by email when it arrives. Items are picked up at one of our libraries—the one you selected in the ILL Request Form. For an article or book chapter, you will be notified by email when it is available. To obtain the article or chapter, click on the link provided in the email and log into your ILL account. Once in your account, select Electronic Articles Received. Interlibrary Loan Fees Library Type Loan Cost Article/ Chapter Cost Non-Profit Libraries $15 $10 For-Profit Libraries $20 $12 International Libraries $25 $15 36 Who can use the ILL service? A. Former students. B. Guest borrowers. C. Retired teachers. D. Fee-card holders. 37. What is a rule for borrowing a print book through ILL? A. Pay an extra fee for delivery. B. Renew it before the due date. C. Pick it up at the lending library. D. Return it when it is recalled. 38. What should users do to shorten the waiting time for ILL items? A. Choose electronic articles instead of physical books B. Provide accurate information in the ILL Request Form C. Select a non-profit library as the lending party D Pick up items as soon as they arrive at the library 39. How much do you pay for two articles obtained from an international library? A. $15. B. $20. C. $24. D. $30. 40. What can be inferred about the digitized copies from the passage? A. They are only available for books owned by the library B. Users need to log into their ILL account to access them C. They have a longer loan period than physical books D. They can be renewed if not in high demand B篇 When I was a child I was often told what not to eat. “You don’t want to get fat” was on constant repeat throughout my childhood. It really messed up my relationship with food — something that took me years to overcome. Because of this, I’m careful not to connect what my kids weigh with their worth as people. I encourage my daughter to make healthy snack choices and often dissuade (劝阻) her from a second dessert. But one day when I heard her saying “I think I’m too fat,” my heart sank. It made me wonder if giving her advice on snacks was having an unintentionally negative impact. According to Charlotte Markey, a professor of psychology, food is one of the rare subjects where, as parents, saying less is more. “There are so many things in parenting that are good to talk through, but I’m not convinced that food is one of them,” she says. “It just creates some worries and insecurities in kids that aren’t necessarily healthy.” Instead, she recommends applying a well-known concept among nutrition experts called the “Division of Responsibility,” where parents provide a variety of mostly healthy foods to their kids at fixed times, and the kids themselves decide what and how much they want to consume — even if that means occasionally eating more cookies than carrots. Allowing kids to eat what they want also exposes them to the natural consequences of their decisions. “When your child says, ‘My stomach hurts,’ you can say, ‘Well you had a lot of sugary foods and you might feel better if you made some other choices,’” says Markey. “Let them feel like they have some control over it.” I’ve been trying out these strategies and I’ve found that when I’m less restrictive, they do make better decisions. “Feeding is a long game,” says Markey. “The food you have available makes a huge difference. Even if they don’t eat it, they’re seeing it. And then all of a sudden it clicks.” 41. What can be inferred about the author from the first paragraph? A. She is upset by her kids’ weight. B. She is critical of the way she was fed. C. She is interested in making food. D. She is particular about what she eats. 42. Which of the following would Markey disapprove of? A. Allowing kids to eat cookies occasionally. B. Offering various foods to kids at fixed times. C. Explaining to kids the risks of taking snacks. D. Talking with kids about school at mealtimes. 43. What should kids do according to the “Division of Responsibility”? A. Make diet decisions on their own. B. Share their food with other kids. C. Eat up what is provided for them. D. Help their parents do the dishes. 44. Why does Markey emphasize that “feeding is a long game”? A. Kids need time to develop healthy eating habits independently. B. Parents should spend long hours preparing healthy food. C. It takes years to correct kids’ bad eating behaviors. D. The effect of food choices on health is not immediate. 45. What does the author think of the strategies she has been following? A. Costly. B. Complex. C. Workable. D. Contradictory. C篇 As new technologies take on increasingly humanlike qualities, there’s been a push to make them genderless. “People are stereotyping (形成刻板印象) their gendered objects in very traditional ways,” says Ashley Martin, a Stanford associate professor of organizational behavior. Removing gender from the picture altogether seems like a simple way to fix this. Yet as Martin has found in her work, gender is one of the fundamental ways people form connections with objects, particularly those designed with human characteristics. In her study, Martin asked participants to rate their attachment to male, female, and genderless versions of a digital voice assistant and a self-driving car known as “Miuu.” It was found that gender increased users’ feelings of attachment to these devices and their interest in purchasing them. For example, participants said they would be less likely to buy a genderless voice assistant than versions with male or female voices. While gendering a product may be good marketing, it may also strengthen outdated or harmful ideas about power and identity. The stereotypes commonly associated with men, such as competitiveness and dominance, are more valued than those associated with women. These qualities, in turn, are mapped onto products that have been assigned a gender. Martin’s study also found that creating a genderless object was difficult. For instance, if an object’s name was meant to sound genderless, like Miuu, participants would still assign a gender to it — they would assume Miuu was a “he” or “she.” Martin sees a silver lining, however: She believes that anthropomorphism (拟人化) “provides an opportunity to change stereotypes.” When women are put into positions of leadership like running companies, it reduces negative stereotypes about women. Similarly, anthropomorphized products could be created to take on stereotype-inconsistent roles — a male robot that assists with nursing or a female robot that helps do calculations, for instance. 46. What is the purpose of making new technologies genderless? A. To reduce stereotypes. B. To meet public demand. C. To cut production costs. D. To encourage competition. 47. What were the participants probably asked to do in the study? A. Design a product. B. Respond to a survey. C. Work as assistants. D. Take a language test. 48. Why is it difficult to create genderless objects? A. They cannot be mass-produced. B. Naming them is a challenging task. C. People assume they are unreliable. D. Gender is rooted in people’s mind. 49. What does the last paragraph mainly talk about? A. The quality of genderless products. B. The upside of gendering a product. C. The meaning of anthropomorphism. D. The stereotypes of men and women. 50. What is an example of breaking stereotypes through anthropomorphized products? A. A genderless voice assistant with a neutral name. B. A male robot designed for nursing work. C. A female self-driving car named Miuu. D. A digital assistant with traditional female traits. D篇 While safety improvements might have been made to our streets in recent years, transport studies also show declines in pedestrian (行人) mobility, especially among young children. Many parents say there’s too much traffic on the roads for their children to walk safely to school, so they pack them into the car instead. Dutch authors Thalia Verkade and Marco te Brömmelstroet are bothered by facts like these. In their new book Movement: How to Take Back Our Streets and Transform Our Lives, they call for a rethink of our streets and the role they play in our lives. Life on city streets started to change decades ago. Whole neighbourhoods were destroyed to make way for new road networks and kids had to play elsewhere. Some communities fought back. Most famously, a Canadian journalist who had moved her family to Manhattan in the early 1950s led a campaign to stop the destruction of her local park. Describing her alarm at its proposed replacement with an expressway, Jane Jacobs called on her mayor (市长) to champion “New York as a decent place to live, and not just rush through.” Similar campaigns occurred in Australia in the late 1960s and 1970s as well. Although these campaigns were widespread, the reality is that the majority of the western cities were completely redesigned around the needs of the motor car. The number of cars on roads has been increasing rapidly. In Australia we now have over twenty million cars for just over twenty-six million people, among the highest rate of car ownership in the world. We invest a lot in roads that help us rush through, but we fail to account for the true costs. Do we really recognise what it costs us as a society when children can’t move safely around our communities? The authors of Movement have it right: it’s time to think differently about that street outside your front door. 51. What phenomenon does the author point out in paragraph 1? A. Cars often get stuck on the road. B. Traffic accidents occur frequently. C. People walk less and drive more. D. Pedestrians fail to follow the rules. 52. What were the Canadian journalist and other campaigners trying to do? A. Keep their cities livable. B. Promote cultural diversity. C. Help the needy families. D. Make expressways accessible. 53. What can be inferred about the campaigns in Australia in the late 1960s and 1970s? A. They boosted the sales of cars. B. They turned out largely ineffective. C. They won government support. D. They advocated building new parks. 54. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. Why the Rush? B. What’s Next? C. Where to Stay? D. Who to Blame? 55. What does the author imply about the high rate of car ownership in Australia? A. It has reduced the cost of road construction. B. It reflects the success of road network expansion. C. It has worsened the problem of pedestrian mobility. D. It meets the growing travel needs of local families. 第Ⅱ卷 非选择题(共35分) 四、阅读表达(本大题共5小题，每题2分，共10分) 阅读短文，按照题目要求用英语回答问题 Alice Moore is a teenager entrepreneur (创业者), who in May 2015 set up her business AilieCandy. By the time she was 13, her company was worth millions of dollars with the invention of a super-sweet treat that could save kids’ teeth, instead of destroying them. It all began when Moore visited a bank with her dad. On the outing, she was offered a candy bar. However, her dad reminded her that sugary treats were bad for her teeth. But Moore was sick of missing out on candies. So she desired to get round the warning, “Why can’t I make a healthy candy that’s good for my teeth so that my parents can’t say no to it?” With that in mind, Moore asked her dad if she could start her own candy company. He recommended that she do some research and talk to dentists about what a healthier candy would contain. With her dad’s permission, she spent the next two years researching online and conducting trials to get a recipe that was both tasty and tooth-friendly. She also approached dentists to learn more about teeth cleaning. Consequently, she succeeded in making a kind of candy only using natural sweeteners, which can reduce oral bacteria. Moore then used her savings to get her business off the ground. Afterwards, she and her father secured their first business meeting with a supermarket owner, who finally agreed to sell Moore’s product — CanCandy. As CanCandy’s success grows, so does Moore’s credibility as a young entrepreneur. Moore is enthusiastic about the candy she created, and she’s also positive about what the future might bring. She hopes that every kid can have a clean mouth and a broad smile. Meanwhile, with her parents’ help, Moore is generally able to live a normal teenage life. Although she founded her company early on in life, she wasn’t driven primarily by profit. Moore wants to use her unique talent to help others find their smiles. She donates 10% of AilicCandy’s profits to Big Smiles. With her talent and determination, it appears that the sky could be the limit for Alice Moore. 56. How did Moore react to her dad’s warning? (No more than 10 words) ________________________________________________________________ 57. What is special about CanCandy? (No more than 10 words) ________________________________________________________________ 58. What does Moore expect from her business? (No more than 10 words) ________________________________________________________________ 59. How do you understand the underlined part in the last paragraph? (no more than 5 words) ________________________________________________________________ 60. How does Moore’s story inspire you to achieve success? Put it in your own words. (No more than 20 words) ________________________________________________________________ 五、短文写作(本大题共1题，共25分) 61. 假设你是晨光中学的学生李津。上周你校成功举办了秋季运动会，一支来自澳大利亚友好学校的师生代表团应邀观看比赛并参加了趣味接力等项目，与你校同学 结下了深厚友谊。请你作为本次运动会的学生运动员代表，给友好学校带队教师Mr. Brown及所有来访同学写一封感谢邮件。内容包括： 1.感谢他们的莅临和积极参与； 2.回顾友好学校师生在运动会期间参赛和观赛的难忘瞬间； 3.表达个人感受、对未来的期待和美好祝愿。 注意： 1.词数不少于100； 2.可适当加入细节，使内容充实、行文连贯； 3.开头已给出，不计入总词数。 参考词汇： 友好学校 twin school 秋季运动会 Autumn Sports Meet 趣味接力赛 Fun Run Relay Dear Mr. Brown and all visiting friends, I’m Li Jin, a student at Chenguang High School. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Thank you once again for your visit and friendship. Yours, Li Jin 第一节(共5小题;每小题1分，满分5分) 听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. Why does Mason walk to the office? A. He wants to save money. B. He can get some exercise. C. He lives close to his office. 2. What does the man invite the woman to do? A. Meet his family. B. Have dinner with him. C. Watch a film with him. 3. How does the man feel? A. Apologetic. B. Pleased. C. Annoyed. 4. What lesson were the speakers supposed to have this Thursday? A. A violin lesson. B. A piano lesson. C. A guitar lesson. 5. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. The man’s wife. B. Their vacation plans. C. The woman’s family. 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 听下面3段材料，每段材料后面有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段材料前，你将有时间阅读各小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，每小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段材料读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答第6至第8小题。 1. To whom is the man probably talking? A. A friend. B. His family member. C. A fellow passenger. 2. What is the woman’s destination? A. Bracken Street. B. Sweet Street Mall. C. Bracken Mall. 3. What does the man plan to do? A. Go to a cinema. B. Do some shopping. C. Stay at home. 听下面一段对话，回答第9至第11小题。 1. What does the man want the woman to do? A. Send him some information. B. Go to a computer shop with him. C. Prepare for an exam with him. 2. How did the man get his computer? A. His father bought it for him. B. He bought it himself. C. His sister gave it to him. 3. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. In the classroom. B. On the phone. C. In the study. 听下面一段独白，回答第12至第15小题。 1 In which department does Jonathan Santo teach? A. Psychology. B. Sociology. C. Philosophy. 2. What did the two researchers find about the statistics class? A. Male students were more willing to take it. B. Male students were more anxious about it. C. Female students scored higher in the final. 3. Why could Frances Anderson understand the statistics class better? A. She deepened her understanding by helping others. B. She got help from her teacher. C. She overcame her anxiety. 4. What did Frances Anderson advise students to do? A. Set up a goal for themselves. B. Think independently before asking for help. C. Turn to others who are in the similar situation. 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025—2026学年度第一学期高三年级期中质量调查试卷 英语 温馨提示：本试卷包括第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分，满分130分，考试时间共100分钟。祝同学们考试顺利! 第Ⅰ卷 选择题(共95分) 一、选择题(本大题共15小题，每小题1分，共15分) 1. Look at the price of that bike! It is practically the same as ______of a new motorcycle. A. one B. that C. it D. this 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查代词辨析。句意：看一下那辆自行车的价格！几乎和一辆新的摩托车的价格一样了。代词one指代可数名词单数，表示泛指；that指代可数名词单数或不可数名词，后面有定语修饰，表示特指。it指代上文提及的同一事物；this指代说过的或即将要说的事物。本句中使用that指代不可数名词the price，后面有介词短语of a new motorcycle修饰，表示特指。故B项正确。 2. ________ on February 5, 2019, the Wandering Earth soon became a great hit. A. Releasing B. Being released C. Released D. To release 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：《流浪地球》于2019年2月5日上映，很快就大受欢迎。Wandering Earth与release之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，表示被动，用过去分词作状语，故C项正确。 3. ______ to success can’t defeat us. Instead they can only make us stronger. A. Attempts B. Barriers C. Contributions D. Access 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：通往成功路上的障碍不能打败我们，相反，它们只会让我们更强大。A. Attempts尝试；B. Barriers障碍；C. Contributions贡献；D. Access进入。根据“can’t defeat us”可知，此处表示“障碍”，故B项正确。 4. Although he did not do it___________, he definitely had some responsibility. A. instantly B. deliberately C. accidentally D. casually 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查副词。A. instantly立即地；B. deliberately故意地；C. accidentally意外地，偶然地；D. casually随便地。句意：虽然他不是故意这样做的，但他确实负有一定的责任。故选B. 5. The new product is beyond all praise and has quickly taken over the market______ its superior quality. A. in terms of B. on account of C. on behalf of D. on top of 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：这种新产品让人赞美不尽，并且因其卓越的品质已经迅速占领了市场。A. in terms of在……方面；B. on account of由于，因为；C. on behalf of代表；D. on top of在……上面。根据空前的has quickly taken over the market和空后的its superior quality可知，这款新产品因其卓越的品质而迅速占领了市场。故选B。 6. He finished writing his first novel last year, and we all think that is ______ his career really took off. A. where B. when C. how D. why 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：他去年完成了他的第一部小说，我们都认为那是他事业真正起飞的时候。空格处引导的是表语从句，从句中不缺主语或宾语，由“He finished writing his first novel last year”可知，句子表示“他去年完成了他的第一部小说，我们都认为那是他事业真正起飞的时候”，空格处意为“……的时候”，用when引导表语从句，故选B。 7. —— Hey, if you can’t enjoy that at a sensible volume, please use the earphone. I’m studying. —— Oh, I’m sorry. I ________ realize it ________ you. A. don’t; bothers B. didn’t; bothered C. don’t; was bothering D. didn’t; was bothering 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查时态。句意：——如果你不能用一个适当的音量（听音乐），请用耳机，我在学习。——不好意思，我没有意识到我一直在打扰你。第一空表示过去的动作用一般过去时，第二空用过去进行时表达一种持续性，故D项正确。 8. The police are investigating the company, three of ________ managers have already been arrested. A. whose B. that C. which D. where 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查非限定性定语从句。句意：警方正在调查这家公司，其中三位经理已经被逮捕。此处为非限定性定语从句，先行词为company，从句中缺少定语，故A项正确。 9. — Will you please repeat your idea? — Of course. But I think it is certain that you _______ your attention. A. weren’t paying B. hadn’t paid C. aren’t paying D. don’t pay 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查时态。句意：—你能重复一下你的观点吗？—当然可以，但我觉得你刚才肯定没注意。think后为宾语从句，从句中it为形式主语，that引导真正的主语从句。主语从句中使用过去进行时表示刚才对方阐明观点的时候，你并没有注意听。强调过去某段时间里正在进行的事情，应用过去进行时，设空处应填weren’t paying。故选A项。 10. I’m sorry you have been waiting so long, but it will still be some time ________ you can get your passport. A. since B. till C. after D. before 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查连词。句意：真是对不起让你等了这么久，可还要一段时间以后你才能够拿到你的护照。A. since自从；既然；B. till直到……才；C. after在……之后；D. before在……之前。固定句型“It be+一段时间+before 从句”表示“一段时间以后某事才发生”。本句考查的正是这个句型。故D项正确。 11. --Sorry for having kept you waiting. But for the traffic jam，I________________ 20 minutes earlier —Never mind，I haven't been waiting that long. A. arrived B. would have arrived C. would arrive D. had arrived 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：——很抱歉让你久等了，要不是堵车，20分钟前我就到了。——没关系，我没等那么长时间。根据句意可知此处表示与过去事实相反的假设，用would +have done的形式，故B项正确。 【点睛】注意but for引导的句子或短语有时相当于一个虚拟条件句，假设的情况并不以条件从句显示出来，而是暗含下上下文中，通过介词短语来表示，要使用虚拟语气，其主要形式为：表示对现在情况的虚拟：would+do，如，But for his pension，he would starve.要不是有养老金，他早就挨饿了；对过去情况的虚拟：would+have done，如，But for your help, we wouldn’t have succeeded.要是没有你的帮助，我们是不会成功的。 12. Bob was trying to ________ that he knew the famous singer who would perform in our city. A. let out B. lay out C. figure out D. make out 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：鲍勃努力地想证明他认识那位将在我们城市演出的著名歌唱家。 let out放出，发出；lay out铺开，展开；figure out计算出，弄明白；make out努力证明。根据语境，D选项正确。 13. — Could you tell me something about the virus, Dr. Smith ? — Sure. It _____ via the bloodstream and causes ill health in a variety of organs. A. concentrates B. accumulates C. circulates D. accelerates 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。A. concentrates集中；B. accumulates累积；C. circulates传播、循环；D. accelerates加速。句意：——Smith医生，你能告诉我一些有关这种病毒的情况么？——当然，它通过血液循环，从而导致各种器官的不健康。根据句意可知，此处是说病毒通过血液循环，故C项正确。 14. Walter offered us a lift when he was leaving the office, but our work ______, we refused his offer. A. not finished B. had not been finished C. not finishing D. not having finished 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查独立主格结构。句意：当Walter离开办公室的时候，主动让我们搭便车，但是因为工作没有完成，我们拒绝了他的帮助。连词but引导两个并列句中Walter offered us a lift when he was leaving the office 和we refused his offer. 说明“our work __”不能是完整的句子；名词短语our work与动词finish构成被动关系，而CD两项都表示主动。B项与our work构成了一个完整的句子our work had not been finished，不符合本句的句子结构。只能使用独立主格结构our work not finished。故A项正确。 15. Though our football boys are faced with four goals behind, they are still struggling hard in the field to ______. A. face the music B. save face C. cost their arm and leg D. land on their feet 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查习语。A. face the music 勇敢地面对困难；B. save face挽回颜面、保住面子；C. cost their arm and leg除服巨大代价；D. land on their feet胸有成竹。句意：我们的足球队落后四个球，但队员们仍在球场上努力挽回面子。根据“four goals behind”及“still struggling hard”判断此处表示“挽回颜面”，故B项正确。 【点睛】习语是江苏单选的必考知识点，也是难度较大的一种题型，准确理解每个习语的意思是关键，例如本题四个习语的意思分别为：A. face the music 勇敢地面对困难；B. save face挽回颜面、保住面子；C. cost their arm and leg除服巨大代价；D. land on their feet胸有成竹。根据“four goals behind”及“still struggling hard”判断此处表示“挽回颜面”。 二、完型填空(本大题共20小题，每题1.5分，共30分) Some teachers seem to be bad teachers, but they are not. Take my football coach for example. One day, we were doing some ___16___ practicing catching the football. He threw me a pass and I dropped it. He started ___17___ me. I went back in line, ___18___. My friend was up next. He dropped it, too. But the coach said nothing. Annoyed, I whispered, “Why ___19___ against me?” After practice he came ___20___ to me and told me the reason he shouted at me ___21___ the other guy was that he expected more out of me. If he ___22___ my mistakes, it meant he had quit on me. Another teacher ___23___ my memory was my PhD supervisor, Ken Crowe. He had a(n) ___24___ for making grown men cry when they disappointed him, but I was ___25___ by the topic he was working on. He gave me a(n) ___26___: to figure out what caused muons (介子) to get depolarized (去极 化 ) in liquids. After a week I came to Ken’s office to tell him about it. He listened for a few minutes and then ___27___ “You have no idea what you’re talking about! Get out and don’t come back until you do!” Now I was starting to get ___28___, complaining about him as cold- hearted. Determined to change his attitude and ___29___ more relevant knowledge, I really got into it. ___30___, I understood it so well that to this day it is my most proud ___31___. Then I went back to tell Ken what I had figured out. Again he interrupted me a few minutes into my ___32___, but I carried on. When I finished, he praised me for doing some very original research. From that day forward, he supported and promoted me ___33___ we became great friends and respected colleagues. So don’t ever complain about your “___34___” teachers. They may ___35___ you to make greater achievement you will be proud of decades later. 16. A. running B. drills C. operations D. actions 17. A. yelling at B. sending for C. getting rid of D. joking with 18. A. amazed B. encouraged C. frightened D. embarrassed 19. A. debate B. discriminate C. decide D. defend 20. A. in B. across C. over D. away 21. A. other than B. more than C. less than D. rather than 22. A. overlooked B. blamed C. resisted D. exposed 23. A. erasing B. strengthening C. jogging D. changing 24. A. reputation B. reference C. concern D. preference 25. A. astonished B. puzzled C. disturbed D. fascinated 26. A. principle B. assignment C. reward D. award 27. A. set out B. settle down C. cut in D. carried on 28. A. relaxed B. content C. comfortable D. mad 29. A. acquire B. acknowledge C. spread D. address 30. A. Suddenly B. Eventually C. Gradually D. Purposefully 31. A. accomplishment B. establishment C. development D. commitment 32. A. enquiry B. presentation C. schedule D. conference 33. A. although B. as C. before D. until 34. A. tolerant B. considerate C. mean D. kind 35. A. permit B. bother C. inspire D. discourage 【答案】16. B 17. A 18. D 19. B 20. C 21. D 22. A 23. C 24. A 25. D 26. B 27. C 28. D 29. A 30. B 31. A 32. B 33. D 34. C 35. C 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇记叙文。有些老师表面上似乎是坏老师，但其实不是。作者在文章中介绍了曾经对自己看似刻薄其实是很认真负责的两位老师说明了永远不要抱怨你的“刻薄”老师。他们可能会激励你取得更大的成就，几十年后你会感到自豪。 【16题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：有一天，我们正在做一些操练练习接住足球。A. running跑步；B. drills操练；C. operations运营，运作；D. actions行动，动作。根据practicing catching the football可知此处表示操练之意。故选B。 【17题详解】 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：他开始对我大声喊叫。A. yelling at叫喊；B. sending for派送给…；C. getting rid of除去，摆脱；D. joking with和…开玩笑。根据下文中he shouted at me可知此处表示教练对我大声喊叫。故选A。 【18题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我尴尬地回到队伍里。A. amazed吃惊的，惊讶的；B. encouraged受到鼓舞的；C. frightened害怕的；D. embarrassed尴尬的。根据上文He threw me a pass and I dropped it.可知此处表示我是尴尬的。故选D。 【19题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我很生气，低声说：“为什么要歧视我？”A. debate辩论；B. discriminate歧视，区别；C. decide决定；D. defend保卫，辩护。根据Annoyed可知我对教练的行为不满，因此觉得他歧视我。故选B。 【20题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：训练结束后，他走到我身边，告诉我他之所以对我而不是对别人大喊大叫，是因为他对我期望更高。A. in在…里面；B. across穿过，在…对面，遍及；C. over在......上面，穿越；D. away离去，离开。根据told me the reason he shouted at me 　　　6　　　 the other guy was that he expected more out of me可知，短语come over“走过来。”符合句意。故选C。 【21题详解】 考查连词短语词义辨析。句意：训练结束后，他走到我身边，告诉我他之所以对我而不是对别人大声喊叫，是因为他对我期望更高。A. other than除了，不同于；B. more than多于，超过；C. less than少于；D. rather than而不是。根据he shouted at me 和the other guy是转折对比关系。故选D。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果他忽略了我的错误，那就意味着他放弃了我。A. overlooked忽略，不理会；B. blamed责备；C. resisted反抗；D. exposed暴露。根据it meant he had quit on me可知此处表示忽略之意。故选A。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：另一位唤醒我记忆的老师是我的博士导师肯·克罗。A. erasing取消，清除；B. strengthening增强；C. jogging唤起，慢跑；D. changing改变。根据my memory可知此处表示唤起了我对他的记忆。故选C。 【24题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他有个差的名声，因为当学生让他失望时他会让他们哭，但我对他正在研究的课题很感兴趣。A. reputation名声；B. reference参考，参照；C. concern担心，忧虑；D. preference偏爱，偏好。根据for making grown men cry when they disappointed him可知此处表示他因为这样所以名声差。故选A。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他有个差的名声，因为当学生让他失望时他会让他们哭，但我对他正在研究的课题很感兴趣。A. astonished吃惊；B. puzzled使困惑；C. disturbed干扰；D. fascinated吸引。根据下文After a week I came to Ken’s office to tell him about it，可知此处表示我对他研究的课题感兴趣。故选D。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他给了我一个任务：找出是什么导致了介子在液体中去极化。A. principle原则，原理；B. assignment任务；C. reward奖赏，报酬；D. award奖，增加。根据下文中to figure out可知此处表示他给我的任务。故选B。 【27题详解】 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：他听了几分钟，然后插嘴说：“你根本不知道你在说什么！滚出去，做不到你就别回来！”A. set out出发，开始；B. settle down定居，安定下来，专心于；C. cut in插嘴，超车；D. carried on参与，继续。根据下文中Again he interrupted me a few minutes…可知此处表示他插嘴打断了我的话。故选C。 【28题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：现在我开始发疯了，抱怨他冷酷无情。A. relaxed轻松的；B. content满意的；C. comfortable舒服的；D. mad疯狂的。根据complaining about him as cold- hearted可知此处表示我要气疯了。故选D。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我下定决心要改变他的态度，学习更多相关的知识，并且我真的投入进去了。A. acquire获得；B. acknowledge知识；C. spread传播，散布，展开；D. address写地址。根据more relevant knowledge可知此处表示获得更多相关的知识。故选A。 【30题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：最终，我对它理解得如此透彻，以至于直到今天，这仍然是我最自豪的成就。A. Suddenly突然地；B. Eventually最终，最后；C. Gradually逐渐地；D. Purposefully有目的地。根据I understood it so well that to this day…可知这是最终的结果。故选B。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：最终，我对它理解得如此透彻，以至于直到今天，这仍然是我最自豪的成就。A. accomplishment完成，成就；B. establishment确立，制定；C. development发展；D. commitment承诺，保证。根据I understood it so well that to this day 可知此处表示我理解它透彻是我最自豪的成就。故选A。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的介绍刚开始几分钟，他又一次打断了我，但我继续讲下去。A. enquiry询问；B. presentation介绍，展示，描述；C. schedule时间表；D. conference会议。根据下文When I finished, he praised me for doing some very original research.可知此处表示我在介绍。故选B。 【33题详解】 考查连词词义辨析。句意：从那以后，他一直支持我，提拔我，直到我们成为了好朋友，成为了受人尊敬的同事。A. although尽管；B. as像，如同；C. before在之前；D. until直到.......才......。根据From that day forward可知，此处表示他一直支持我，提拔我，直到我们成为了好朋友，成为了受人尊敬的同事。故选D。 【34题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：所以永远不要抱怨你的“刻薄”老师。A. tolerant宽容的，容忍的；B. considerate体贴的；C. mean吝啬的，卑鄙的；D. kind和蔼的。根据上文中complaining about him as cold- hearted可知我曾经认为他是冷酷无情，刻薄的老师。故选C。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们可能会激励你取得更大的成就，几十年后你会感到自豪。A. permit允许；B. bother干扰；C. inspire激励，鼓舞；D. discourage阻止，使泄气，使气馁。根据to make greater achievement可知此处表示他们会激励你取得更大的成就。故选C。 【点睛】完形填空解题技巧之一就是要根据上下文来学会“推理”出最佳选项。同学们要遵循“上下求索”的原则来查找信息。例如，第2小题要求判断教练当时的行为，根据下文中he shouted at me可知此处表示教练对我大喊大叫。故选A项。第12小题要求判断老师当时做了什么，根据下文中Again he interrupted me a few minutes…可知此处表示他插嘴打断了我的话。故选C项。 三、阅读理解(共大题20小题，每题2.5分，共50分) A篇 Interlibrary Loan(ILL) provides teachers, students and staff with access to books that are checked out or not owned by our own libraries, as well as digitized copies of articles and book chapters from our collection. Who Can Borrow? Current students, teachers (including retired) and staff can request items through ILL. Interlibrary loan is not available to former students, guest borrowers or fee-card holders. How Long Does It Take? Articles are usually received within 1-2 days and books in 5-10 days. However, obtaining items that are rare, recently published or in high demand may take longer. To speed up the process, please make sure the information you submit through the ILL Request Form is accurate. Length of Loans Loan periods are established by the lending library. All due dates are noted on the label. Borrowed items are subject to recall by the lending library. Any restrictions established by the lending library will be indicated on the label. No renewals (续借) are allowed for physical items borrowed through ILL. Notification/ Delivery Options For a physical item, you will be notified by email when it arrives. Items are picked up at one of our libraries—the one you selected in the ILL Request Form. For an article or book chapter, you will be notified by email when it is available. To obtain the article or chapter, click on the link provided in the email and log into your ILL account. Once in your account, select Electronic Articles Received. Interlibrary Loan Fees Library Type Loan Cost Article/ Chapter Cost Non-Profit Libraries $15 $10 For-Profit Libraries $20 $12 International Libraries $25 $15 36. Who can use the ILL service? A. Former students. B. Guest borrowers. C. Retired teachers. D. Fee-card holders. 37. What is a rule for borrowing a print book through ILL? A. Pay an extra fee for delivery. B. Renew it before the due date. C. Pick it up at the lending library. D. Return it when it is recalled. 38. What should users do to shorten the waiting time for ILL items? A. Choose electronic articles instead of physical books B. Provide accurate information in the ILL Request Form C. Select a non-profit library as the lending party D. Pick up items as soon as they arrive at the library 39. How much do you pay for two articles obtained from an international library? A. $15. B. $20. C. $24. D. $30. 40. What can be inferred about the digitized copies from the passage? A. They are only available for books owned by the library B. Users need to log into their ILL account to access them C. They have a longer loan period than physical books D. They can be renewed if not in high demand 【答案】36. C 37. D 38. B 39. D 40. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了图书馆间借阅服务的相关信息。 【36题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Current students, teachers (including retired) and staff can request items through ILL.(在校学生、教师（包括退休教师）和工作人员可以通过ILL请求借阅资料)”可知，退休老师可以使用图书馆间借阅服务。故选C。 【37题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“Borrowed items are subject to recall by the lending library.(借阅的物品可能会被借出的图书馆召回)”可知，通过ILL借阅纸质书的规则是被借出的图书馆召回。故选D。 【38题详解】 细节理解题。根据How Long Does It Take?部分“To speed up the process, please make sure the information you submit through the ILL Request Form is accurate.(为加快办理速度，请确保您通过“借阅申请表”提交信息准确无误)”可知，提交准确的申请表信息可缩短等待时间。故选B。 【39题详解】 细节理解题。根据表格中“International Libraries Article/Chapter Cost $15(国际图书馆 文章/章节费用 15美元)”可知，从国际图书馆获取两篇文章的费用是15×2=30美元。故选D。 【40题详解】 细节理解题。根据Notification/ Delivery Options部分“To obtain the article or chapter, click on the link provided in the email and log into your ILL account.(要获取该文章或章节，请点击电子邮件中提供的链接，并登录您的ILL账户)”可知，用户需要登录ILL账户才能访问它们。故选B。 B篇 When I was a child I was often told what not to eat. “You don’t want to get fat” was on constant repeat throughout my childhood. It really messed up my relationship with food — something that took me years to overcome. Because of this, I’m careful not to connect what my kids weigh with their worth as people. I encourage my daughter to make healthy snack choices and often dissuade (劝阻) her from a second dessert. But one day when I heard her saying “I think I’m too fat,” my heart sank. It made me wonder if giving her advice on snacks was having an unintentionally negative impact. According to Charlotte Markey, a professor of psychology, food is one of the rare subjects where, as parents, saying less is more. “There are so many things in parenting that are good to talk through, but I’m not convinced that food is one of them,” she says. “It just creates some worries and insecurities in kids that aren’t necessarily healthy.” Instead, she recommends applying a well-known concept among nutrition experts called the “Division of Responsibility,” where parents provide a variety of mostly healthy foods to their kids at fixed times, and the kids themselves decide what and how much they want to consume — even if that means occasionally eating more cookies than carrots. Allowing kids to eat what they want also exposes them to the natural consequences of their decisions. “When your child says, ‘My stomach hurts,’ you can say, ‘Well you had a lot of sugary foods and you might feel better if you made some other choices,’” says Markey. “Let them feel like they have some control over it.” I’ve been trying out these strategies and I’ve found that when I’m less restrictive, they do make better decisions. “Feeding is a long game,” says Markey. “The food you have available makes a huge difference. Even if they don’t eat it, they’re seeing it. And then all of a sudden it clicks.” 41. What can be inferred about the author from the first paragraph? A. She is upset by her kids’ weight. B. She is critical of the way she was fed. C. She is interested in making food. D. She is particular about what she eats. 42. Which of the following would Markey disapprove of? A. Allowing kids to eat cookies occasionally. B. Offering various foods to kids at fixed times. C. Explaining to kids the risks of taking snacks. D. Talking with kids about school at mealtimes. 43. What should kids do according to the “Division of Responsibility”? A. Make diet decisions on their own. B. Share their food with other kids. C. Eat up what is provided for them. D. Help their parents do the dishes. 44. Why does Markey emphasize that “feeding is a long game”? A. Kids need time to develop healthy eating habits independently. B. Parents should spend long hours preparing healthy food. C. It takes years to correct kids’ bad eating behaviors. D. The effect of food choices on health is not immediate. 45. What does the author think of the strategies she has been following? A. Costly. B. Complex. C. Workable. D. Contradictory. 【答案】41. B 42. C 43. A 44. A 45. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了父母在孩子饮食方面的教育方式，以及如何通过“责任划分”原则来培养孩子健康的饮食习惯。 【41题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中“When I was a child I was often told what not to eat. “You don’t want to get fat” was on constant repeat throughout my childhood. It really messed up my relationship with food — something that took me years to overcome.(当我还是个孩子的时候，我经常被告知什么不能吃。“你不想变胖”这句话在我整个童年时期不断重复。这件事严重破坏了我与食物之间的关系，而这种负面影响，我花了好几年才得以克服。)”可知，童年时被反复告知不该吃什么的经历破坏了作者与食物的关系，这段糟糕的经历让她在养育自己孩子时格外注意方式。由此可推断，作者对她小时候的喂养方式持批评态度。故选B。 【42题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“According to Charlotte Markey, a professor of psychology, food is one of the rare subjects where, as parents, saying less is more. “There are so many things in parenting that are good to talk through, but I’m not convinced that food is one of them,” she says. “It just creates some worries and insecurities in kids that aren’t necessarily healthy.”(心理学教授Charlotte Markey表示，饮食是为数不多的、父母宜“少说为妙”的话题之一。她指出：“育儿过程中，有很多事都适合和孩子好好沟通，但我认为饮食不在此列。”“对饮食问题过多说教，只会给孩子带来不必要的忧虑和不安，不利于他们的身心健康。”)”可知，Markey认为父母不应该过多地和孩子谈论食物，因为这可能会给孩子带来不必要的担忧和不安。由此可推断，她会反对向孩子们解释吃零食的风险。故选C。 【43题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“Instead, she recommends applying a well-known concept among nutrition experts called the “Division of Responsibility,” where parents provide a variety of mostly healthy foods to their kids at fixed times, and the kids themselves decide what and how much they want to consume — even if that means occasionally eating more cookies than carrots.(相反，她建议在营养专家中应用一个众所周知的概念，即“责任划分”，即父母在固定的时间给孩子们提供各种大多健康的食物，而孩子们自己决定他们想吃什么和吃多少——即使这意味着偶尔吃的饼干比胡萝卜多。)”可知，根据“责任划分”原则，孩子们应该自己决定吃什么和吃多少。故选A。 【44题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中““Feeding is a long game,” says Markey. “The food you have available makes a huge difference. Even if they don’t eat it, they’re seeing it. And then all of a sudden it clicks.”(“喂养是一场长期的游戏，”Markey说。“你提供的食物有很大的影响。即使他们不吃，他们也会看到。然后突然间，他们就明白了。”)”可知，Markey强调“喂养是一场长期的游戏”，是因为食物选择对健康的影响不是立竿见影的，孩子们需要时间来独立形成健康的饮食习惯。故选A。 【45题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“I’ve been trying out these strategies and I’ve found that when I’m less restrictive, they do make better decisions.(我一直在尝试这些策略，我发现当我限制较少时，他们确实会做出更好的决定。)”可知，作者认为她一直在遵循的策略是可行的。故选C。 C篇 As new technologies take on increasingly humanlike qualities, there’s been a push to make them genderless. “People are stereotyping (形成刻板印象) their gendered objects in very traditional ways,” says Ashley Martin, a Stanford associate professor of organizational behavior. Removing gender from the picture altogether seems like a simple way to fix this. Yet as Martin has found in her work, gender is one of the fundamental ways people form connections with objects, particularly those designed with human characteristics. In her study, Martin asked participants to rate their attachment to male, female, and genderless versions of a digital voice assistant and a self-driving car known as “Miuu.” It was found that gender increased users’ feelings of attachment to these devices and their interest in purchasing them. For example, participants said they would be less likely to buy a genderless voice assistant than versions with male or female voices. While gendering a product may be good marketing, it may also strengthen outdated or harmful ideas about power and identity. The stereotypes commonly associated with men, such as competitiveness and dominance, are more valued than those associated with women. These qualities, in turn, are mapped onto products that have been assigned a gender. Martin’s study also found that creating a genderless object was difficult. For instance, if an object’s name was meant to sound genderless, like Miuu, participants would still assign a gender to it — they would assume Miuu was a “he” or “she.” Martin sees a silver lining, however: She believes that anthropomorphism (拟人化) “provides an opportunity to change stereotypes.” When women are put into positions of leadership like running companies, it reduces negative stereotypes about women. Similarly, anthropomorphized products could be created to take on stereotype-inconsistent roles — a male robot that assists with nursing or a female robot that helps do calculations, for instance. 46. What is the purpose of making new technologies genderless? A. To reduce stereotypes. B. To meet public demand. C. To cut production costs. D. To encourage competition. 47. What were the participants probably asked to do in the study? A. Design a product. B. Respond to a survey. C. Work as assistants. D. Take a language test. 48. Why is it difficult to create genderless objects? A. They cannot be mass-produced. B. Naming them is a challenging task. C. People assume they are unreliable. D. Gender is rooted in people’s mind. 49. What does the last paragraph mainly talk about? A. The quality of genderless products. B. The upside of gendering a product. C. The meaning of anthropomorphism. D. The stereotypes of men and women. 50. What is an example of breaking stereotypes through anthropomorphized products? A. A genderless voice assistant with a neutral name. B. A male robot designed for nursing work. C. A female self-driving car named Miuu. D. A digital assistant with traditional female traits. 【答案】46. A 47. B 48. D 49. B 50. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了斯坦福大学组织行为学副教授阿什利·马丁的相关研究。研究探讨了让科技产品无性别化的初衷、性别设定对用户的影响、无性别化产品研发的困难，以及通过拟人化产品打破刻板印象的可能性，呈现了科技产品性别设定与刻板印象之间的复杂关联。 【46题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“‘People are stereotyping (形成刻板印象) their gendered objects in very traditional ways,’ says Ashley Martin, a Stanford associate professor of organizational behavior. Removing gender from the picture altogether seems like a simple way to fix this. (斯坦福大学组织行为学副教授Ashley Martin说，‘人们以非常传统的方式对他们的性别对象形成刻板印象。将性别从画面中完全移除似乎是解决这个问题的一个简单方法。’)”可知，让新技术无性别化的目的是减少刻板印象。故选A。 【47题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“In her study, Martin asked participants to rate their attachment to male, female, and genderless versions of a digital voice assistant and a self-driving car known as ‘Miuu.’ (在她的研究中，Martin让参与者对数字语音助手和名为‘Miuu’的自动驾驶汽车的男性版、女性版和无性别版的依恋程度进行评分。)”可知，参与者可能需要填写调查问卷来反馈对不同版本产品的评价。故选B。 【48题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“Martin’s study also found that creating a genderless object was difficult. For instance, if an object’s name was meant to sound genderless, like Miuu, participants would still assign a gender to it — they would assume Miuu was a ‘he’ or ‘she.’ (Martin的研究还发现，打造无性别化物品并非易事。例如，即使一个物品的名字刻意设计得无性别倾向，比如‘Miuu’，参与者仍会给它赋予性别属性——他们会认为‘Miuu’是‘他’或‘她’。)”可知，无性别化产品难以研发是因为性别观念已根植于人们的思想中，人们会不自觉地给物品赋予性别。故选D。 【49题详解】 主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Martin sees a silver lining, however: She believes that anthropomorphism (拟人化) ‘provides an opportunity to change stereotypes.’(然而，马丁看到了一线希望：她认为拟人化‘为改变刻板印象提供了机会。’)以及后文举例可知，该段主要讲述给产品赋予性别属性的积极面——借助拟人化的产品打破刻板印象。故选B。 【50题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“Similarly, anthropomorphized products could be created to take on stereotype-inconsistent roles — a male robot that assists with nursing or a female robot that helps do calculations, for instance. (同样地，我们可以打造承担与刻板印象不符角色的拟人化产品——例如，一个从事护理辅助工作的男性机器人，或者一个协助计算的女性机器人。)”可知，从事护理工作的男性机器人打破了“护理工作由女性承担”的传统刻板印象。故选B。 D篇 While safety improvements might have been made to our streets in recent years, transport studies also show declines in pedestrian (行人) mobility, especially among young children. Many parents say there’s too much traffic on the roads for their children to walk safely to school, so they pack them into the car instead. Dutch authors Thalia Verkade and Marco te Brömmelstroet are bothered by facts like these. In their new book Movement: How to Take Back Our Streets and Transform Our Lives, they call for a rethink of our streets and the role they play in our lives. Life on city streets started to change decades ago. Whole neighbourhoods were destroyed to make way for new road networks and kids had to play elsewhere. Some communities fought back. Most famously, a Canadian journalist who had moved her family to Manhattan in the early 1950s led a campaign to stop the destruction of her local park. Describing her alarm at its proposed replacement with an expressway, Jane Jacobs called on her mayor (市长) to champion “New York as a decent place to live, and not just rush through.” Similar campaigns occurred in Australia in the late 1960s and 1970s as well. Although these campaigns were widespread, the reality is that the majority of the western cities were completely redesigned around the needs of the motor car. The number of cars on roads has been increasing rapidly. In Australia we now have over twenty million cars for just over twenty-six million people, among the highest rate of car ownership in the world. We invest a lot in roads that help us rush through, but we fail to account for the true costs. Do we really recognise what it costs us as a society when children can’t move safely around our communities? The authors of Movement have it right: it’s time to think differently about that street outside your front door. 51. What phenomenon does the author point out in paragraph 1? A Cars often get stuck on the road. B. Traffic accidents occur frequently. C. People walk less and drive more. D. Pedestrians fail to follow the rules. 52. What were the Canadian journalist and other campaigners trying to do? A. Keep their cities livable. B. Promote cultural diversity. C. Help the needy families. D. Make expressways accessible. 53. What can be inferred about the campaigns in Australia in the late 1960s and 1970s? A. They boosted the sales of cars. B. They turned out largely ineffective. C. They won government support. D. They advocated building new parks. 54. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. Why the Rush? B. What’s Next? C. Where to Stay? D. Who to Blame? 55. What does the author imply about the high rate of car ownership in Australia? A. It has reduced the cost of road construction. B. It reflects the success of road network expansion. C. It has worsened the problem of pedestrian mobility. D. It meets the growing travel needs of local families. 【答案】51. C 52. A 53. B 54. A 55. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要介绍了西方城市过度围绕汽车设计导致行人流动性下降，尤其是儿童步行减少的现象，并通过历史案例和现状分析呼吁反思街道功能，重视城市宜居性。 【51题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“While safety improvements might have been made to our streets in recent years, transport studies also show declines in pedestrian (行人) mobility, especially among young children. Many parents say there’s too much traffic on the roads for their children to walk safely to school, so they pack them into the car instead.(虽然近年来我们的街道可能已经改善了安全性，但交通研究也表明行人的流动性下降，尤其是年轻儿童。许多家长说，路上的交通太拥挤，他们的孩子无法安全步行上学，所以他们把孩子塞进车里)”可知，作者指出的现象是人们步行减少、开车增多。故选C。 【52题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“Most famously, a Canadian journalist who had moved her family to Manhattan in the early 1950s led a campaign to stop the destruction of her local park. Describing her alarm at its proposed replacement with an expressway, Jane Jacobs called on her mayor (市长) to champion “New York as a decent place to live, and not just rush through.”(最著名的是，一位在20世纪50年代初将家人迁至曼哈顿的加拿大记者发起了一场运动，旨在阻止她所在社区公园的被毁坏。简·雅各布斯对计划将其改建成高速公路的做法表示震惊，并呼吁市长要致力于“让纽约成为一个宜居的地方，而不是只把纽约当成匆匆经过的地方。”)”可推知，加拿大记者和其他运动参与者旨在保持城市宜居性。故选A。 【53题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中“Similar campaigns occurred in Australia in the late 1960s and 1970s as well.(在20世纪60年代末和70年代，澳大利亚也发生了类似的运动)”和倒数第二段“Although these campaigns were widespread, the reality is that the majority of the western cities were completely redesigned around the needs of the motor car. The number of cars on roads has been increasing rapidly.(尽管这些运动广泛开展，但实际情况是，大多数西方城市都是围绕汽车的需求进行了彻底的重新规划。道路上的汽车数量正在迅速增加)”可推知，20世纪60年代末和70年代澳大利亚的运动未能阻止汽车发展，基本上没有效果。故选B。 【54题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，并根据最后一段“We invest a lot in roads that help us rush through, but we fail to account for the true costs. Do we really recognise what it costs us as a society when children can’t move safely around our communities?(我们在帮助我们快速通过的道路上投入了大量资金，但我们没有考虑到真正的成本。我们真的认识到当孩子们不能在我们的社区安全地移动时，我们作为一个社会将会付出什么代价吗)”可推知，本文批判城市过度追求交通效率、忽视行人需求的现象，A项“Why the Rush? (为何匆匆？)”质问“rush through (匆匆通行)”的规划理念，契合主旨，最适合作为本文标题。故选A。 【55题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“While safety improvements might have been made to our streets in recent years, transport studies also show declines in pedestrian (行人) mobility, especially among young children. Many parents say there’s too much traffic on the roads for their children to walk safely to school, so they pack them into the car instead.(虽然近年来我们的街道可能已经改善了安全性，但交通研究也表明行人的流动性下降，尤其是年轻儿童。许多家长说，路上的交通太拥挤，他们的孩子无法安全步行上学，所以他们把孩子塞进车里)”以及倒数第二段“In Australia we now have over twenty million cars for just over twenty-six million people, among the highest rate of car ownership in the world.(在澳大利亚，2600多万人拥有2000多万辆汽车，是世界上汽车拥有率最高的国家之一)”可知，作者暗示澳大利亚汽车拥有率高的现象加剧了行人出行的困难。故选C。 第Ⅱ卷 非选择题(共35分) 四、阅读表达(本大题共5小题，每题2分，共10分) 阅读短文，按照题目要求用英语回答问题。 Alice Moore is a teenager entrepreneur (创业者), who in May 2015 set up her business AilieCandy. By the time she was 13, her company was worth millions of dollars with the invention of a super-sweet treat that could save kids’ teeth, instead of destroying them. It all began when Moore visited a bank with her dad. On the outing, she was offered a candy bar. However, her dad reminded her that sugary treats were bad for her teeth. But Moore was sick of missing out on candies. So she desired to get round the warning, “Why can’t I make a healthy candy that’s good for my teeth so that my parents can’t say no to it?” With that in mind, Moore asked her dad if she could start her own candy company. He recommended that she do some research and talk to dentists about what a healthier candy would contain. With her dad’s permission, she spent the next two years researching online and conducting trials to get a recipe that was both tasty and tooth-friendly. She also approached dentists to learn more about teeth cleaning. Consequently, she succeeded in making a kind of candy only using natural sweeteners, which can reduce oral bacteria. Moore then used her savings to get her business off the ground. Afterwards, she and her father secured their first business meeting with a supermarket owner, who finally agreed to sell Moore’s product — CanCandy. As CanCandy’s success grows, so does Moore’s credibility as a young entrepreneur. Moore is enthusiastic about the candy she created, and she’s also positive about what the future might bring. She hopes that every kid can have a clean mouth and a broad smile. Meanwhile, with her parents’ help, Moore is generally able to live a normal teenage life. Although she founded her company early on in life, she wasn’t driven primarily by profit. Moore wants to use her unique talent to help others find their smiles. She donates 10% of AilicCandy’s profits to Big Smiles. With her talent and determination, it appears that the sky could be the limit for Alice Moore. 56. How did Moore react to her dad’s warning? (No more than 10 words) ________________________________________________________________ 57. What is special about CanCandy? (No more than 10 words) ________________________________________________________________ 58. What does Moore expect from her business? (No more than 10 words) ________________________________________________________________ 59. How do you understand the underlined part in the last paragraph? (no more than 5 words) ________________________________________________________________ 60. How does Moore’s story inspire you to achieve success? Put it in your own words. (No more than 20 words) ________________________________________________________________ 【答案】56. She desired to get round the warning. 57. It uses natural sweeteners, which can reduce oral bacteria. 58. To help others find smiles. 59. Anything could be possible. 60. We should have positive thinking and take actions to try what we think right, which can result in success. 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了摩尔创业故事，她之所以能成功，源于她面对问题时乐观地看待问题，积极地想方设法去解决问题。因此，通过她的故事让我们懂得积极的思考和行动会带来成功。 【56题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“On the outing, she was offered a candy bar. However, her dad reminded her that sugary treats were bad for her teeth. But Moore was sick of missing out on candies. So she desired to get round the warning,(外出时，有人给了她一块糖果。然而，她爸爸提醒她，甜食对她的牙齿不好。但摩尔厌倦了错过糖果。所以她想避开这个警告)”可知，摩尔对她父亲的警告的反应是：她想避开这个警告。故答案为：She desired to get round the warning. 【57题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“With her dad’s permission, she spent the next two years researching online and conducting trials to get a recipe that was both tasty and tooth-friendly. She also approached dentists to learn more about teeth cleaning. Consequently, she succeeded in making a kind of candy only using natural sweeteners, which can reduce oral bacteria.(在父亲的允许下，她花了两年时间在网上进行研究，并进行试验，以找到一种既美味又对牙齿无害的食谱。她还找牙医学习更多关于清洁牙齿的知识。因此，她成功地制作了一种只使用天然甜味剂的糖果，这种甜味剂可以减少口腔细菌。)”可知，CanCandy的特殊之处在于它使用天然甜味剂的糖果，这种甜味剂可以减少口腔细菌。故答案为：It uses natural sweeteners, which can reduce oral bacteria. 【58题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Meanwhile, with her parents’ help, Moore is generally able to live a normal teenage life. Although she founded her company early on in life, she wasn’t driven primarily by profit. Moore wants to use her unique talent to help others find their smiles.(与此同时，在父母的帮助下，摩尔基本上能够过正常的青少年生活。虽然她很早就创立了自己的公司，但她的主要动机并不是利润。摩尔想用她独特的才能来帮助别人找到他们的微笑)”可知，摩尔对她的生意的期望是帮助别人微笑。故答案为：To help others find smiles. 【59题详解】 词句猜测题。根据最后一段“With her talent and determination(凭借她的才华和决心)”并结合上文讲述爱丽丝通过自己的天赋和努力发明CanCandy可知，此处指凭借她的天赋和决心，对艾丽丝来说一切皆是可能的，故画线词的意思是“一切皆有可能”。故答案为：Anything could be possible. 【60题详解】 开放性试题。文章主要讲述了主人公摩尔和父亲从银行出来时，有人给了她一块糖果。然而，父亲提醒她，甜食对她的牙齿有害。但是摩尔不想错过糖果，于是有了发明一种对牙齿有益的糖果的想法。经过努力，她的公司发明了一种超级糖果，最终获得成功，这种糖果可以挽救孩子们的牙齿，而不是毁掉他们的牙齿。所以“摩尔的故事是如何激励你取得成功的?”可以回答为：我们应该有积极的想法，并采取行动去尝试我们认为正确的事情，这可以导致成功。故答案为：We should have positive thinking and take actions to try what we think right, which can result in success. 五、短文写作(本大题共1题，共25分) 61. 假设你是晨光中学的学生李津。上周你校成功举办了秋季运动会，一支来自澳大利亚友好学校的师生代表团应邀观看比赛并参加了趣味接力等项目，与你校同学 结下了深厚友谊。请你作为本次运动会的学生运动员代表，给友好学校带队教师Mr. Brown及所有来访同学写一封感谢邮件。内容包括： 1.感谢他们的莅临和积极参与； 2.回顾友好学校师生在运动会期间参赛和观赛的难忘瞬间； 3.表达个人感受、对未来的期待和美好祝愿。 注意： 1.词数不少于100； 2.可适当加入细节，使内容充实、行文连贯； 3.开头已给出，不计入总词数。 参考词汇： 友好学校 twin school 秋季运动会 Autumn Sports Meet 趣味接力赛 Fun Run Relay Dear Mr. Brown and all visiting friends, I’m Li Jin, a student at Chenguang High School. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Thank you once again for your visit and friendship. Yours, Li Jin 【答案】One possible version: Dear Mr. Brown and all visiting friends, I’m Li Jin, a student at Chenguang High School. I’m writing as a student athlete representative to thank you for attending our Autumn Sports Meet. Your warm presence and active participation made the event truly special. We were so happy to see you join the Fun Run Relay with great enthusiasm. I’ll never forget the laughter when our mixed team dropped the baton but still finished with high-fives and hugs. You cheered loudly during every race, especially the tug-of-war, which gave us incredible energy. As a runner, I felt a strong sense of friendship and unity. Though we come from different countries, we share the same passion for sports. I hope our schools keep growing closer and that you’ll visit again soon. Wishing you all the best! Thank you once again for your visit and friendship. Yours, Li Jin 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以学生运动员代表的身份，向来访的澳大利亚友好学校师生表达诚挚谢意，需回顾活动亮点、抒发情感并展望未来。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 出席，参加：attend → be present at 参与：participation → involvement 难忘：unforgettable → memorable 热情：passion → enthusiasm 2. 句式拓展 同义句转换 原句：Your warm presence and active participation made the event truly special. 拓展句：It is your warm presence and active participation that made the event truly special. 【点睛】【高分句型1】You cheered loudly during every race, especially the tug-of-war, which gave us incredible energy.(运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句) 【高分句型2】Though we come from different countries, we share the same passion for sports.(运用了though引导让步状语从句) 第一节(共5小题;每小题1分，满分5分) 听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. Why does Mason walk to the office? A. He wants to save money. B. He can get some exercise. C. He lives close to his office. 2. What does the man invite the woman to do? A. Meet his family. B. Have dinner with him. C. Watch a film with him. 3. How does the man feel? A. Apologetic. B. Pleased. C. Annoyed. 4. What lesson were the speakers supposed to have this Thursday? A. A violin lesson. B. A piano lesson. C. A guitar lesson. 5. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. The man’s wife. B. Their vacation plans. C. The woman’s family. 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 听下面3段材料，每段材料后面有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段材料前，你将有时间阅读各小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，每小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段材料读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答第6至第8小题。 1. To whom is the man probably talking? A. A friend. B. His family member. C. A fellow passenger. 2. What is the woman’s destination? A. Bracken Street. B. Sweet Street Mall. C. Bracken Mall. 3. What does the man plan to do? A. Go to a cinema. B. Do some shopping. C. Stay at home. 听下面一段对话，回答第9至第11小题。 1. What does the man want the woman to do? A. Send him some information. B. Go to a computer shop with him. C. Prepare for an exam with him. 2. How did the man get his computer? A. His father bought it for him. B. He bought it himself. C. His sister gave it to him. 3. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. In the classroom. B. On the phone. C. In the study. 听下面一段独白，回答第12至第15小题。 1. In which department does Jonathan Santo teach? A. Psychology. B. Sociology. C. Philosophy. 2. What did the two researchers find about the statistics class? A. Male students were more willing to take it. B. Male students were more anxious about it. C. Female students scored higher in the final. 3. Why could Frances Anderson understand the statistics class better? A. She deepened her understanding by helping others. B. She got help from her teacher. C. She overcame her anxiety. 4. What did Frances Anderson advise students to do? A. Set up a goal for themselves. B. Think independently before asking for help. C. Turn to others who are in the similar situation. 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $