2021高考真题分类汇编-专题2 动词的时态和语态及非谓语动词-【备考最优解】2025版高考英语二轮专题复习教用word

该高中英语讲义围绕动词的时态、语态及非谓语动词高考核心专题，精选2021年全国及浙江卷真题，按考点类型（时态一致、被动语态、非谓语功能等）系统编排，梳理出“上下文时态匹配”“固定句型应用”“主谓一致判断”等内在逻辑联系。通过真题示例呈现、考点解析提炼、解题方法归纳、实战训练巩固的教学流程，帮助学生构建动词形式运用的知识网络，突破语法应用难点。 讲义采用“真题情境—方法迁移”教学策略，如在时态题中引导学生通过时间状语或上下文语境判断时态，在非谓语动词题中用“功能定位法”分析成分，培养学生的语言能力和思维品质。设置真题分类集训与错题归因环节，配合解析中的“原则性指导”（如“It is+adj.+to do sth.”句型），确保学生高效掌握考点。为教师提供清晰的考点分布和训练梯度，助力精准把控复习节奏，提升学生语法应用与应试能力。

1．(2021·全国乙卷短文改错)In my opinion, students can benefit a lot from doing some housework. Firstly, doing housework was helpful for us to be a responsible person.________________ 2．(2021·全国甲卷语法填空)It is possible 63.____________(walk) or bike the entire 14 kilometers. 3．(2021·全国甲卷语法填空)It 61.____________(build) originally to protect the city 62.in the Tang dynasty and has now been completely restored (修复). 4．(2021·全国甲卷语法填空)We 66.____________(hire) our bikes from the rental place at the South Gate. My bike was old and shaky 67.but did the job. 5．(2021·全国甲卷短文改错)One of the questions are：Who will you go to in times of trouble? Here are the results.________________ 6．(2021·全国甲卷短文改错)Their answers also show that they dislike talking to others. They kept very much to themselves.________________ 7．(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷语法填空)You can't help wondering how hard it 61.____________(be) for the people then to put all those rocks into place. 8．(2021·浙江卷1月语法填空)It is calculated by dividing a 58.person's (person) weight in kg by their height in meters squared, and a BMI of between 19 and 25 59.____________ (consider) healthy. 9．(2021·浙江卷1月语法填空)The study found that between 1985 and 2017, average rural BMI increased 60.by 2.1 in women and men. In cities, however, the gain 61.____________ (be) 1.3 in women and 1.6 in men. 10．(2021·浙江卷6月语法填空)It doesn't impress like George Washington's plantation on the Potomac, but Lincoln's home in downtown Springfield, Illinois, 56.____________(prove) irresistible to visitors since it opened to the public. 11．(2021·浙江卷6月语法填空)Mary's niece wrote, “The little home 60.____________(paint)white. It was sweet and fresh. Mary loved it...” 12．(2021·浙江卷6月语法填空)After Lincoln was elected President of the US in 1861, they rented the house and 65.____________(sell) most of their furniture. 13．(2021·全国乙卷语法填空)Actually, a true eco­friendly trip must meet the following principles: Minimize the impact of 67.____________(visit) the place. 14．(2021·全国乙卷语法填空)69.Activities(activity) there range from whale watching to hiking (远足) and accommodations aim 70.____________(have) a low impact on the natural environment. 15．(2021·全国甲卷语法填空)After 64.____________(spend) some time looking at all the defensive equipment at the wall, we decided it was time for some action and what 65.better(good) than to ride on a piece of history! 16．(2021·全国甲卷短文改错)Their answers also show that they dislike talk to others.________________ 17．(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷语法填空)Though it is the only unnatural thing on your way up the mountain, still it highlights the whole adventure 62.and offers a place where you can sit down to rest your 63.____________(ache) legs. 18．(2021·浙江卷1月语法填空)In 1985, urban men and women in more than three quarters of the countries 62.____________ (study) had higher BMIs than men and women in rural areas. 19．(2021·浙江卷1月语法填空)This may be due to some disadvantages for people 64.____________ (live) in the countryside, including 65.lower (low) levels of income and education, higher costs of healthy foods, and fewer sports facilities. 20．(2021·浙江卷6月语法填空)Mary's sister, Frances Todd Wallace, often came over 63.____________(plant) flowers in the front yard. 专题二　动词的时态和语态及非谓语动词 1．was→is　解析：考查时态。根据“上下文时态一致原则”可知，此处时态应该和上文保持一致，句子应使用一般现在时。故将was改为is。 2．to walk　解析：考查固定句型。分析句子可知，此处是固定句型“It is＋adj.＋(for sb.) to do sth.”，It是形式主语，动词不定式短语是真正的主语。 3．was built　解析：考查时态和语态。分析句子结构可知，空处在句中作谓语，与主语it构成动宾关系，故用被动语态；且根据originally可知，此处描述的是过去的情况，故用一般过去时，所以填was built。 4．hired　解析：考查时态。根据上下文可知，此句描述的是过去的情况，故用一般过去时。 5．are→is　解析：考查主谓一致。“one of the＋可数名词复数形式”为固定搭配，意为“……之一”，中心词是one，提示主语是“其中的一个问题”，be动词应用第三人称单数。 6．kept→keep　解析：考查时态。本文的主体时态为一般现在时，因此本句也应该用一般现在时。故将kept改为keep。 7．was　解析：考查时态和主谓一致。由then以及语境可知，这里描述的是“……对当时的人们来说，把那些石头放在正确的位置是多么困难”，所以句子的时态应为一般过去时。又因主语是it，谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式，所以用was。 8．is considered　解析：考查时态和语态。分析句子结构可知，此空是句子的谓语；根据前半句的It is可判断时态为一般现在时，且根据句意“19到25之间的BMI(体重指数)被认为是健康值”可知，BMI与consider之间为动宾关系，故用一般现在时的被动语态。 9．was　解析：考查时态。此处是在讲1985年至2017年间城市中人们BMI值增加的情况，是描述过去发生的事情，且上一句描述当时农村情况时用一般过去时，故空处所在句也应用一般过去时，故填was。 10．has proved/has proven　解析：考查时态。由since引导的时间状语从句可知，主句应用现在完成时。主语Lincoln's home是单数形式，且与所给词为主谓关系，故应填has proved或has proven。 11．was painted　解析：考查时态、语态及主谓一致。主语home为单数形式，和动词paint之间是动宾关系，所以应用被动语态。且由上下文时态可知，该句应用一般过去时。 12．sold　解析：考查时态。由空前的and和rented可知，空处应填所给词的过去式。 13．visiting　解析：考查非谓语动词。介词of的后面接名词或动名词，visit的动名词形式为visiting。 14．to have　解析：考查非谓语动词。aim to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“旨在做某事”。 15．spending　解析：考查非谓语动词。空前的After为介词，后应接动词的­ing形式。故填spending。 16．talk→talking　解析：考查非谓语动词。dislike doing sth.为固定搭配，意为“不喜欢做某事”。 17．aching　解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处可填一个非谓语动词，逻辑主语legs与所给词为主谓关系，故用现在分词形容状态。 18．studied　解析：考查非谓语动词。根据句意可知，该句谓语动词为had，故此空考查study的非谓语动词形式，此处作countries的后置定语；而countries与study之间为动宾关系，故填studied。 19．living　解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处应填live的非谓语动词形式，此处作people的后置定语；而people与live之间为主谓关系，故填living。 20．to plant　解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处应用动词不定式(短语)来表示目的。句意：玛丽的姐姐弗朗西丝·托德·华莱士经常短暂地来访，以在前院种些花。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $